27th Academy Awards

The 27th Academy Awards were held on March 30, 1955, to honor the best films of 1954, hosted by Bob Hope at the RKO Pantages Theatre in Hollywood with Thelma Ritter hosting from the NBC Century Theatre in New York City.

On the Waterfront led the ceremony with twelve nominations and eight wins, including Best Picture. Its total wins tied the record of Gone with the Wind (1939) and From Here to Eternity (1953), though those each had thirteen nominations. It was the third film to receive five acting nominations, and the first to receive three in the Best Supporting Actor category. A "rematch" occurred in the category of Best Actor between Marlon Brando and Humphrey Bogart following Bogart's upset victory three years earlier. In an upset (Bing Crosby was the favored nominee), Brando won, now seen as one of the greatest Best Actor wins in Oscar history. This was Brando's fourth consecutive nomination for Best Actor (starting with A Streetcar Named Desire in 1951), a record that remains unmatched to this day.

In an even bigger upset, Grace Kelly won Best Actress for The Country Girl over Judy Garland, who was heavily favored to win for A Star Is Born. Garland could not attend the ceremony, having recently given birth to her third child; cameramen were present in her home so she could give an acceptance speech, only to awkwardly leave when Kelly was announced as the winner. Groucho Marx later sent her a telegram expressing that her loss was "the biggest robbery since Brink's".

Dorothy Dandridge became the first African American actress to receive a nomination for Best Actress.

Winners and nominees

Awards

Nominees were announced on February 12, 1955. Winners are listed first and highlighted in boldface.

Best Motion Picture	Best Directing
On the Waterfront – Sam Spiegel for Columbia Pictures Template:Double dagger The Caine Mutiny – Stanley Kramer for Columbia Pictures  The Country Girl – William Perlberg for Paramount Pictures  Seven Brides for Seven Brothers – Jack Cummings for Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer  Three Coins in the Fountain – Sol C. Siegel for 20th Century Fox	Elia Kazan – On the WaterfrontTemplate:Double dagger George Seaton – The Country Girl William A. Wellman – The High and the Mighty Alfred Hitchcock – Rear Window Billy Wilder – Sabrina
Best Actor	Best Actress
Marlon Brando – On the Waterfront as Terry MalloyTemplate:Double dagger Humphrey Bogart – The Caine Mutiny as Lieutenant Commander Philip Francis Queeg Bing Crosby – The Country Girl as Frank Elgin James Mason – A Star Is Born as Norman Maine Dan O'Herlihy – Robinson Crusoe as Robinson Crusoe	Grace Kelly – The Country Girl as Georgie ElginTemplate:Double dagger Dorothy Dandridge – Carmen Jones as Carmen Jones Judy Garland – A Star Is Born as Esther Blodgett Audrey Hepburn – Sabrina as Sabrina Fairchild Jane Wyman – Magnificent Obsession as Helen Phillips
Best Actor in a Supporting Role	Best Actress in a Supporting Role
Edmond O'Brien – The Barefoot Contessa as Oscar MuldoonTemplate:Double dagger Lee J. Cobb – On the Waterfront as Michael J. Skelly aka "Johnny Friendly" Karl Malden – On the Waterfront as Father Barry Rod Steiger – On the Waterfront as Charley "the Gent" Malloy Tom Tully – The Caine Mutiny as Lieutenant Commander William H. De Vriess	Eva Marie Saint – On the Waterfront as Edie DoyleTemplate:Double dagger Nina Foch – Executive Suite as Erica Martin Katy Jurado – Broken Lance as Señora Devereaux Jan Sterling – The High and the Mighty as Sally McKee Claire Trevor – The High and the Mighty as May Holst
Best Writing (Screenplay)	Best Writing (Story and Screenplay)
The Country Girl – George Seaton based on the play by Clifford OdetsTemplate:Double dagger The Caine Mutiny – Stanley Roberts based on the novel by Herman Wouk Rear Window – John Michael Hayes based on the story "It Had To Be Murder" by Cornell Woolrich Sabrina – Billy Wilder, Samuel A. Taylor, and Ernest Lehman based on the play by Taylor Seven Brides for Seven Brothers – Albert Hackett, Frances Goodrich, and Dorothy Kingsley based on the story "The Sobbin' Women" by Stephen Vincent Benét	On the Waterfront – Budd SchulbergTemplate:Double dagger The Barefoot Contessa – Joseph L. Mankiewicz Genevieve – William Rose The Glenn Miller Story – Valentine Davies and Oscar Brodney Knock on Wood – Norman Panama and Melvin Frank
Best Writing (Motion Picture Story)	Best Documentary (Feature)
Broken Lance – Philip YordanTemplate:Double dagger Bread, Love and Dreams – Ettore Maria Margadonna Forbidden Games – Francois Boyer Night People – Jed Harris and Tom Reed There's No Business Like Show Business – Lamar Trotti (posthumous nomination)	The Vanishing Prairie – Walt DisneyTemplate:Double dagger The Stratford Adventure – Guy Glover
Best Documentary (Short Subject)	Best Short Subject (One-Reel)
Thursday's ChildrenTemplate:Double dagger Jet Carrier Rembrandt: A Self-Portrait	This Mechanical Age – Robert YoungsonTemplate:Double dagger The First Piano Quartette – Otto Lang The Strauss Fantasy – Johnny Green
Best Short Subject (Two-Reel)	Best Short Subject (Cartoon)
A Time Out of War – Denis Sanders and Terry SandersTemplate:Double dagger Beauty and the Bull – Cedric Francis Jet Carrier – Otto Lang Siam – Walt Disney Productions	When Magoo Flew – Stephen BosustowTemplate:Double dagger Crazy Mixed Up Pup – Walter Lantz Pigs Is Pigs – Walt Disney Sandy Claws – Edward Selzer Touché, Pussy Cat! – Fred Quimby
Best Music (Music Score of a Dramatic or Comedy Picture)	Best Music (Scoring of a Musical Picture)
The High and the Mighty – Dimitri TiomkinTemplate:Double dagger The Caine Mutiny – Max Steiner Genevieve – Larry Adler On the Waterfront – Leonard Bernstein The Silver Chalice – Franz Waxman	Seven Brides for Seven Brothers – Adolph Deutsch and Saul ChaplinTemplate:Double dagger Carmen Jones – Herschel Burke Gilbert The Glenn Miller Story – Joseph Gershenson and Henry Mancini A Star Is Born – Ray Heindorf There's No Business Like Show Business – Alfred Newman and Lionel Newman
Best Music (Song)	Best Sound Recording
"Three Coins in the Fountain" from Three Coins in the Fountain – Music by Jule Styne; Lyrics by Sammy CahnTemplate:Double dagger "Count Your Blessings Instead of Sheep" from White Christmas – Music and Lyrics by Irving Berlin "The High and the Mighty" from The High and the Mighty – Music by Dimitri Tiomkin; Lyrics by Ned Washington "Hold My Hand" from Susan Slept Here – Music and Lyrics by Jack Lawrence and Richard Myers "The Man That Got Away" from A Star Is Born – Music by Harold Arlen; Lyrics by Ira Gershwin	The Glenn Miller Story – Leslie I. CareyTemplate:Double dagger Brigadoon – Wesley C. Miller The Caine Mutiny – John P. Livadary Rear Window – Loren L. Ryder Susan Slept Here – John O. Aalberg
Best Art Direction (Black-and-White)	Best Art Direction (Color)
On the Waterfront – Art Direction and Set Decoration: Richard DayTemplate:Double dagger The Country Girl – Art Direction: Hal Pereira and Roland Anderson; Set Decoration: Samuel M. Comer and Grace Gregory Executive Suite – Art Direction: Cedric Gibbons and Edward Carfagno; Set Decoration: Edwin B. Willis and Emile Kuri Le Plaisir – Art Direction and Set Decoration: Max Ophüls Sabrina – Art Direction: Hal Pereira and Walter Tyler; Set Decoration: Samuel M. Comer and Ray Moyer	20,000 Leagues Under the Sea – Art Direction: John Meehan; Set Decoration: Emile KuriTemplate:Double dagger Brigadoon – Art Direction: Cedric Gibbons and E. Preston Ames; Set Decoration: Edwin B. Willis and Keogh Gleason Désirée – Art Direction: Lyle R. Wheeler and Leland Fuller; Set Decoration: Walter M. Scott and Paul S. Fox Red Garters – Art Direction: Hal Pereira and Roland Anderson; Set Decoration: Samuel M. Comer and Ray Moyer A Star Is Born – Art Direction: Malcolm Bert, Gene Allen and Irene Sharaff; Set Decoration: George James Hopkins
Best Cinematography (Black-and-White)	Best Cinematography (Color)
On the Waterfront – Boris KaufmanTemplate:Double dagger The Country Girl – John F. Warren Executive Suite – George Folsey Rogue Cop – John Seitz Sabrina – Charles Lang	Three Coins in the Fountain – Milton KrasnerTemplate:Double dagger The Egyptian – Leon Shamroy Rear Window – Robert Burks Seven Brides for Seven Brothers – George Folsey The Silver Chalice – William V. Skall
Best Costume Design (Black-and-White)	Best Costume Design (Color)
Sabrina – Edith HeadTemplate:Double dagger The Earrings of Madame de… – Georges Annenkov and Rosine Delamare Executive Suite – Helen Rose Indiscretion of an American Wife – Christian Dior It Should Happen to You – Jean Louis	Gate of Hell – Sanzo WadaTemplate:Double dagger Brigadoon – Irene Sharaff Désirée – Charles LeMaire and René Hubert A Star Is Born – Jean Louis, Mary Ann Nyberg and Irene Sharaff There's No Business Like Show Business – Charles LeMaire, Travilla and Miles White
Best Film Editing	Best Special Effects
On the Waterfront – Gene MilfordTemplate:Double dagger 20,000 Leagues Under the Sea – Elmo Williams The Caine Mutiny – William A. Lyon and Henry Batista The High and the Mighty – Ralph Dawson Seven Brides for Seven Brothers – Ralph E. Winters	20,000 Leagues Under the SeaTemplate:Double dagger Hell and High Water Them!

Honorary Foreign Language Film Award

• To Gate of Hell (Japan) - Best Foreign Language Film first released in the United States during 1954.

Honorary Awards

• To Bausch & Lomb Optical Company for their contributions to the advancement of the motion picture industry.
• To Kemp R. Niver for the development of the Renovare Process which has made possible the restoration of the Library of Congress Paper Film Collection.
• To Greta Garbo for her unforgettable screen performances.
• To Danny Kaye for his unique talents, his service to the Academy, the motion picture industry, and the American people.
• To Jon Whiteley for his outstanding juvenile performance in The Little Kidnappers.
• To Vincent Winter for his outstanding juvenile performance in The Little Kidnappers.

Presenters and performers

File:Grace Kelly and Marlon Brando at the 1955 Academy Awards.jpg

Grace Kelly with Marlon Brando at the Academy Awards in 1955

Presenters

• Grace Kelly (Presenter: Documentary Awards)
• Donna Reed (Presenter: Best Supporting Actor)
• Lee J. Cobb (Presenter: Best Special Effects)
• Dorothy Dandridge (Presenter: Best Film Editing)
• Nina Foch and Jane Wyman (Presenters: Costume Design Awards)
• Dan O'Herlihy and Jan Sterling (Presenters: Art Direction Awards)
• Humphrey Bogart (Presenter: Best Cinematography, Black-and-White)
• Katy Jurado (Presenter: Best Cinematography, Color)
• Jean Marie Ingels (Presenter: Best Foreign Language Film)
• Charles Brackett (Presenter: Honorary Awards)
• Merle Oberon (Presenter: Honorary Awards — Juvenile Performances)
• Lauren Bacall (Presenter: Scientific and Technical Awards)
• Marlon Brando (Presenter: Best Director)
• Audrey Hepburn, Karl Malden, and Claire Trevor (Presenters: Writing Awards)
• Bing Crosby (Presenter: Music Awards)
• Frank Sinatra (Presenter: Best Supporting Actress)
• William Holden (Presenter: Best Actress)
• Bette Davis (Presenter: Best Actor)
• Edmond O'Brien, Eva Marie Saint, and Rod Steiger (Presenters: Short Subjects Awards)
• Tom Tully (Presenter: Best Sound Recording)
• Buddy Adler (Presenter: Best Picture)

Performers

• David Rose (musical director)
• Rosemary Clooney ("The Man That Got Away" from A Star Is Born)
• Johnny Desmond and Muzzy Marcellino ("The High and the Mighty" from The High and the Mighty)
• Peggy King ("Count Your Blessings Instead of Sheep" from White Christmas)
• Dean Martin ("Three Coins in the Fountain" from Three Coins in the Fountain)
• Tony Martin ("Hold My Hand" from Susan Slept Here)

Multiple nominations and awards

Films with multiple nominations

Nominations	Film
12	On the Waterfront
7	The Caine Mutiny
	The Country Girl
6	The High and the Mighty
	Sabrina
	A Star Is Born
5	Seven Brides for Seven Brothers
4	Executive Suite
	Rear Window
3	20,000 Leagues Under the Sea
Brigadoon
The Glenn Miller Story
There's No Business Like Show Business
Three Coins in the Fountain
2	The Barefoot Contessa
Broken Lance
Carmen Jones
Désirée
Genevieve
Jet Carrier
The Silver Chalice
Susan Slept Here

Films with multiple awards

Awards	Film
8	On the Waterfront
2	20,000 Leagues Under the Sea
The Country Girl
Three Coins in the Fountain

See also

• 12th Golden Globe Awards
• 1954 in film
• 6th Primetime Emmy Awards
• 7th Primetime Emmy Awards
• 8th British Academy Film Awards
• 9th Tony Awards

External links

• 1954 Academy Awards Winners and History
• 1954 Academy Awards at the Internet Movie Database
• at IMDbTemplate:EditAtWikidataTemplate:WikidataCheck