2006 Catalan regional election

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Template:Short description Template:Use dmy dates Script error: No such module "infobox".Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". A regional election was held in Catalonia on Wednesday, 1 November 2006, to elect the 8th Parliament of the autonomous community. All 135 seats in the Parliament were up for election.

This was a snap election, called roughly one year before the scheduled end of the legislature as a result of the uneasy and controversial drafting of the 2006 Statute of Autonomy of Catalonia, which further expanded the authority of the Catalan Government. The statutory amendment had been ratified in a referendum on 18 June 2006 after being approved in the Cortes Generales, with roughly 74% of voters in favour of the new Statute and 21% against. The referendum was noted for its low turnout, as only 48.9% of all registered voters had cast a vote.[1][2]

Since the 2003 election a left-of-centre coalition of the Socialists' Party of Catalonia (PSC), Republican Left of Catalonia (ERC) and Initiative for Catalonia Greens–United and Alternative Left (ICV–EUiA) had been in power, with Pasqual Maragall as Catalan president. In May 2006, ERC had left the coalition after internal tensions due to its disagreement on the final draft of the Statute of Autonomy approved by the Spanish parliament, thus leaving Maragall without a majority and precipitating the early election call. On 21 June 2006 Maragall announced his will not to seek re-election, arguably due to the political erosion his government had suffered after their uneasy relationship with ERC, as well as his political differences with Spanish Prime Minister and PSOE Secretary-General José Luis Rodríguez Zapatero.[3]

Unlike the previous elections in 1999 and 2003, when Convergence and Union (CiU) had achieved a plurality of seats in the autonomous Parliament despite narrowly losing it out in the popular vote to the PSC, in the 2006 election CiU emerged as the most popular party both in votes and seats, but fell far short of an absolute majority. After coalition negotiations, the PSC, ERC and ICV–EUiA agreed to renew the three-party coalition that had been in power in the 2003–2006 period, this time under the leadership of the new PSC leader, José Montilla. The election also saw a new party, Citizens (C's) entering the autonomous parliament, resulting in six political parties achieving parliamentary representation in the Catalan parliament for the first time since 1988.

Overview

Electoral system

The Parliament of Catalonia was the devolved, unicameral legislature of the autonomous community of Catalonia, having legislative power in regional matters as defined by the Spanish Constitution and the Catalan Statute of Autonomy, as well as the ability to vote confidence in or withdraw it from a regional president.[4] As a result of no regional electoral law having been approved since the re-establishment of Catalan autonomy, the electoral procedure came regulated under Transitory Provision Fourth of the 1979 Statute, supplemented by the provisions within the national electoral law.Template:Efn Voting for the Parliament was on the basis of universal suffrage, which comprised all nationals over 18 years of age, registered in Catalonia and in full enjoyment of their political rights.

The 135 members of the Parliament of Catalonia were elected using the D'Hondt method and a closed list proportional representation, with an electoral threshold of three percent of valid votes—which included blank ballots—being applied in each constituency. Seats were allocated to constituencies, corresponding to the provinces of Barcelona, Girona, Lleida and Tarragona, with each being allocated a fixed number of seats:[4][5]

Seats Constituencies
85 Barcelona
18 Tarragona
17 Girona
15 Lleida

In smaller constituencies, the use of the electoral method resulted in an effective threshold based on the district magnitude and the distribution of votes among candidacies.[6]

Election date

The term of the Parliament of Catalonia expired four years after the date of its previous election, unless it was dissolved earlier. The regional president was required to call an election fifteen days prior to the date of expiry of parliament, with election day taking place within from forty to sixty days after the call. The previous election was held on 16 November 2003, which meant that the legislature's term would have expired on 16 November 2007. The election was required to be called no later than 1 November 2007, with it taking place up to the sixtieth day from the call, setting the latest possible election date for the Parliament on Monday, 31 December 2007.[4]

The president had the prerogative to dissolve the Parliament of Catalonia and call a snap election, provided that no motion of no confidence was in process and that dissolution did not occur before one year had elapsed since a previous one under this procedure. In the event of an investiture process failing to elect a regional president within a two-month period from the first ballot, the Parliament was to be automatically dissolved and a fresh election called.[4]

Parliamentary composition

The Parliament of Catalonia was officially dissolved on 8 September 2006, after the publication of the dissolution decree in the Official Journal of the Government of Catalonia.[7] The table below shows the composition of the parliamentary groups in the chamber at the time of dissolution.[8][9][10]

Parliamentary composition in September 2006[11]
Groups Parties Legislators
Seats Total
width="1" rowspan="2" bgcolor="Template:Party color"| Convergence and Union's Parliamentary Group width="1" style="color:inherit;background:Template:Party color"| CDC 33 46
style="color:inherit;background:Template:Party color"| UDC 13
rowspan="2" style="color:inherit;background:Template:Party color"| Socialists–Citizens for Change Parliamentary Group style="color:inherit;background:Template:Party color"| PSC 32 42
style="color:inherit;background:Template:Party color"| CpC 10
style="color:inherit;background:Template:Party color"| Republican Left of Catalonia's Parliamentary Group style="color:inherit;background:Template:Party color"| ERC 23 23
style="color:inherit;background:Template:Party color"| People's Party of Catalonia's Parliamentary Group style="color:inherit;background:Template:Party color"| PP 15 15
rowspan="2" style="color:inherit;background:Template:Party color"| Initiative for Catalonia Greens–Alternative Left's
Parliamentary Group 		style="color:inherit;background:Template:Party color"| ICV 8 9
style="color:inherit;background:Template:Party color"| EUiA 1

Parties and candidates

The electoral law allowed for parties and federations registered in the interior ministry, coalitions and groupings of electors to present lists of candidates. Parties and federations intending to form a coalition ahead of an election were required to inform the relevant Electoral Commission within ten days of the election call, whereas groupings of electors needed to secure the signature of at least one percent of the electorate in the constituencies for which they sought election, disallowing electors from signing for more than one list of candidates.[12]

Below is a list of the main parties and electoral alliances which contested the election:

Candidacy Parties and
alliances 		Leading candidate Ideology Previous result Gov. Ref.
Vote % Seats
width="1" style="color:inherit;background:Template:Party color"| CiU Script error: No such module "collapsible list". File:Artur Mas 2006 (cropped).jpg Artur Mas Catalan nationalism
Centrism 		30.9% 46 Template:Na [13]
style="color:inherit;background:Template:Party color"| PSC–CpC Script error: No such module "collapsible list". File:José Montilla 2008 (cropped).jpg José Montilla Social democracy 31.2% 42 Template:Ya [14]
style="color:inherit;background:Template:Party color"| ERC Script error: No such module "collapsible list". File:Josep-Lluís Carod-Rovira - 001 cropped.jpg Josep-Lluís Carod-Rovira Catalan independence
Left-wing nationalism
Social democracy 		16.4% 23 Template:Na [15]
[16]
style="color:inherit;background:Template:Party color"| PP Script error: No such module "collapsible list". File:Josep Piqué 2008 (cropped).jpg Josep Piqué Conservatism
Christian democracy 		11.9% 15 Template:Na [17]
style="color:inherit;background:Template:Party color"| ICV–EUiA Script error: No such module "collapsible list". File:Joan Saura 2005 (cropped).jpg Joan Saura Regionalism
Eco-socialism
Green politics 		7.3% 9 Template:Ya
style="color:inherit;background:Template:Party color"| C's Script error: No such module "collapsible list". File:Albert Rivera 2012 (cropped).jpg Albert Rivera Social liberalism — Template:Na [18]

Opinion polls

The tables below list opinion polling results in reverse chronological order, showing the most recent first and using the dates when the survey fieldwork was done, as opposed to the date of publication. Where the fieldwork dates are unknown, the date of publication is given instead. The highest percentage figure in each polling survey is displayed with its background shaded in the leading party's colour. If a tie ensues, this is applied to the figures with the highest percentages. The "Lead" column on the right shows the percentage-point difference between the parties with the highest percentages in a poll.

Graphical summary

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Voting intention estimates

The table below lists weighted voting intention estimates. Refusals are generally excluded from the party vote percentages, while question wording and the treatment of "don't know" responses and those not intending to vote may vary between polling organisations. When available, seat projections determined by the polling organisations are displayed below (or in place of) the percentages in a smaller font; 68 seats were required for an absolute majority in the Parliament of Catalonia.

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Voting preferences

The table below lists raw, unweighted voting preferences.

Victory preferences

The table below lists opinion polling on the victory preferences for each party in the event of a regional election taking place.

Victory likelihood

The table below lists opinion polling on the perceived likelihood of victory for each party in the event of a regional election taking place.

Preferred President

The table below lists opinion polling on leader preferences to become president of the Government of Catalonia.

All candidates
Montilla vs. Mas
Maragall vs. Mas

Predicted President

The table below lists opinion polling on the perceived likelihood for each leader to become president of the Government of Catalonia.

Results

Overall

← Summary of the 1 November 2006 Parliament of Catalonia election results →
File:CataloniaParliamentDiagram2006.svg
Parties and alliances Popular vote Seats
Votes % ±pp Total +/−
width="1" style="color:inherit;background:Template:Party color"| Convergence and Union (CiU) 935,756 31.52 +0.58 48 +2
style="color:inherit;background:Template:Party color"| Socialists' Party of Catalonia–Citizens for Change (PSC–CpC) 796,173 26.82 −4.34 37 −5
style="color:inherit;background:Template:Party color"| Republican Left of Catalonia (ERC) 416,355 14.03 −2.41 21 −2
style="color:inherit;background:Template:Party color"| People's Party (PP) 316,222 10.65 −1.24 14 −1
style="color:inherit;background:Template:Party color"| Initiative for Catalonia Greens–United and Alternative Left (ICV–EUiA) 282,693 9.52 +2.24 12 +3
style="color:inherit;background:Template:Party color"| Citizens–Party of the Citizenry (C's) 89,840 3.03 New 3 +3
style="color:inherit;background:Template:Party color"| The Greens–Ecologists and Greens of Catalonia (EV–EVC) 17,900 0.60 +0.04 0 ±0
style="color:inherit;background:Template:Party color"| Anti-Bullfighting Party Against Mistreatment of Animals (PACMA) 13,730 0.46 New 0 ±0
style="color:inherit;background:Template:Party color"| Unsubmissive Seats–Alternative of Discontented Democrats (Ei–ADD) 6,922 0.23 +0.16 0 ±0
style="color:inherit;background:Template:Party color"| Catalan Republican Party (RC) 6,024 0.20 New 0 ±0
style="color:inherit;background:Template:Party color"| Internationalist Socialist Workers' Party (POSI) 5,632 0.19 +0.06 0 ±0
style="color:inherit;background:Template:Party color"| Communist Party of the Catalan People (PCPC) 4,798 0.16 +0.08 0 ±0
style="color:inherit;background:Template:Party color"| The Greens–Green Alternative (EV–AV) 3,228 0.11 +0.05 0 ±0
style="color:inherit;background:Template:Party color"| Family and Life Party (PFiV) 2,776 0.09 New 0 ±0
style="color:inherit;background:Template:Party color"| Forward Catalonia Platform (AES–DN) 2,735 0.09 New 0 ±0
style="color:inherit;background:Template:Party color"| Humanist Party of Catalonia (PHC) 2,608 0.09 +0.04 0 ±0
style="color:inherit;background:Template:Party color"| Republican Social Movement (MSR) 1,096 0.04 +0.02 0 ±0
Carmel/Blue Party (PAzul) 1,039 0.04 New 0 ±0
style="color:inherit;background:Template:Party color"| For a Fairer World (PUM+J) 945 0.03 New 0 ±0
Catalonia Decides (Decideix.cat) 668 0.02 New 0 ±0
style="color:inherit;background:Template:Party color"| Citizens for Blank Votes (CenB) 626 0.02 +0.01 0 ±0
style="color:inherit;background:Template:Party color"| Republican Left–Left Republican Party (IR–PRE) 524 0.02 −0.03 0 ±0
Blank ballots 60,244 2.03 +1.12
Total 2,968,534 135 ±0
Valid votes 2,968,534 99.54 −0.20
Invalid votes 13,574 0.46 +0.20
Votes cast / turnout 2,982,108 56.04 −6.50
Abstentions 2,339,166 43.96 +6.50
Registered voters 5,321,274
Sources[8][19][20]
Popular vote
CiU
 
 31.52%
PSC–CpC
 
 26.82%
ERC
 
 14.03%
PP
 
 10.65%
ICV–EUiA
 
 9.52%
C's
 
 3.03%
Others
 
 2.40%
Blank ballots
 
 2.03%
Seats
CiU
 
 35.56%
PSC–CpC
 
 27.41%
ERC
 
 15.56%
PP
 
 10.37%
ICV–EUiA
 
 8.89%
C's
 
 2.22%

Distribution by constituency

Constituency CiU PSC–CpC ERC PP ICV–EUiA C's
colspan="2" style="background:Template:Party color"| colspan="2" style="background:Template:Party color"| colspan="2" style="background:Template:Party color"| colspan="2" style="background:Template:Party color"| colspan="2" style="background:Template:Party color"| colspan="2" style="background:Template:Party color"|
% S % S % S % S % S % S
Barcelona style="background:Template:Party color; color:white;"| 29.9 27 27.9 25 12.6 11 11.2 10 10.4 9 3.5 3
Girona style="background:Template:Party color; color:white;"| 38.2 7 22.1 4 19.2 4 7.2 1 7.6 1 0.9 −
Lleida style="background:Template:Party color; color:white;"| 40.0 7 22.0 3 17.7 3 9.1 1 6.6 1 1.0 −
Tarragona style="background:Template:Party color; color:white;"| 32.4 7 26.0 5 17.6 3 11.0 2 6.5 1 2.4 −
Total style="background:Template:Party color; color:white;"| 31.5 48 26.8 37 14.0 21 10.7 14 9.5 12 3.0 3
Sources[8][20]

Aftermath

Investiture
José Montilla (PSC)
Ballot → 24 November 2006
Required majority → 68 out of 135 checkY
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Abstentions Template:Composition bar
Absentees Template:Composition bar
Sources[8]

Notes

Template:Notelist

References

Opinion poll sources

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