1968 Republican Party presidential primaries
Template:Short description Template:Use American English Script error: No such module "infobox".Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". From February 3 to July 13, 1968, voters of the Republican Party chose its nominee for president in the 1968 United States presidential election. Former vice president Richard Nixon was selected as the nominee through a series of primary elections and caucuses culminating in the 1968 Republican National Convention held from August 5 to August 8, 1968, in Miami Beach, Florida.[1]
Schedule and results
1968 Republican primaries and state conventions
Note:Template:Efn
| Date (daily totals)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". |
Contest | Total pledged delegates | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Delegates won and popular vote | ||||||||||
| Richard Nixon | Nelson Rockefeller | Ronald Reagan | George Romney | Favorite Sons |
Harold Stassen | Others | Uncommitted | |||
| February 3 | Pennsylvania State Committee[2] |
10 (of 64) | - | - | - | - | 10 Del.Template:Efn | - | - | - |
| February 10 | Oklahoma District Conventions[3][4] |
12 (of 22) | 10 Del.Template:Efn | - | 2 Del. | - | - | - | - | - |
| North Carolina District ConventionsTemplate:Efn[5] |
12 (of 26) | 10 Del. | - | - | - | - | - | - | 2 Del. | |
| February 18 | North Carolina District ConventionsTemplate:Efn[5] |
10 (of 26) | 5 Del. | - | - | - | - | - | - | 5 Del. |
| February 24 | Oklahoma State Convention[4] |
10 (of 22) | 7 Del. | - | 3 Del. | - | 0 Del.Template:Efn | - | - | - |
| March 2 | North Carolina State Convention[6] |
4 (of 26) | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 4 Del. |
| Tennessee 5th District Convention[7] |
2 (of 28) | - | - | - | - | 2 Del.Template:Efn | - | - | - | |
| March 9 | Kansas 4th District Convention[8] |
2 (of 20) | - | - | - | - | 2 Del.Template:Efn | - | - | - |
| March 12 | New Hampshire Primary[9] 103,938 |
8 (of 8) | 8 Del. 80,666 (77.61%) |
11,241 WI (10.82%) |
362 WI (0.35%) |
1,743 (1.68%) |
- | 429 (0.41%) |
9,497 WITemplate:Efn (9.14%) |
- |
| March 16 | Kansas 2nd District Convention[10] |
2 (of 20) | - | - | - | - | 2 Del.Template:Efn | - | - | - |
| Virginia 1st District Convention[11][12] |
2 (of 24) | 1 Del. | - | - | - | - | - | - | 1 Del. | |
| March 23 | Kansas 1st District Convention[13] |
2 (of 20) | - | - | - | - | 2 Del.Template:Efn | - | - | - |
| March 28 | Tennessee 9th District ConventionTemplate:Efn[14][15] |
2 (of 28) | - | - | - | - | 2 Del.Template:Efn | - | - | - |
| March 30 | Kansas 5th District Convention[16] |
2 (of 20) | - | - | - | - | 2 Del.Template:Efn | - | - | - |
| South Carolina State Convention[17] |
22 (of 22) | - | - | - | - | 22 Del.Template:Efn | - | - | - | |
| Tennessee 3rd District Convention[18] |
2 (of 28) | - | - | - | - | 2 Del.Template:Efn | - | - | - | |
| April 2 | Wisconsin Primary[19] 490,739 |
30 (of 30) | 30 Del. 390,368 (79.55%) |
7,995 WI (1.63%) |
50,727 (10.34%) |
2,087 WI (0.43%) |
- | 28,531 (5.81%) |
4,268 WITemplate:Efn (0.87%) |
6,763 (1.38%) |
| April 4 | Tennessee 8th District Convention[20] |
2 (of 28) | - | - | - | - | 2 Del.Template:Efn | - | - | - |
| April 6 | Kansas 3rd District Convention[21] |
2 (of 20) | - | - | - | - | 2 Del.Template:Efn | - | - | - |
| Tennessee 1st District Convention[22] |
2 (of 28) | - | - | - | - | 2 Del.Template:Efn | - | - | - | |
| Virginia 2nd and 4th District Conventions[23] |
4 (of 24) | 2 Del. | - | - | - | - | - | - | 2 Del. | |
| April 13 | Tennessee 6th District Convention[24] |
2 (of 28) | - | - | - | - | 2 Del.Template:Efn | - | - | - |
| Virginia 5th District Convention[25] |
2 (of 24) | 2 Del. | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | |
| April 15 | Virginia 3rd District Convention[26] |
2 (of 24) | 2 Del. | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| April 16 | Iowa District Conventions[27] |
14 (of 24) | 9 Del. | 5 Del.Template:Efn | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| April 17 | Iowa State Convention[28] |
10 (of 26) | 7 Del.Template:Efn | - | - | - | - | - | - | 3 Del. |
| April 19 | Kentucky District Conventions[29] |
14 (of 24) | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 14 Del.Template:Efn |
| April 20 | Kentucky State Convention[29] |
10 (of 24) | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 10 Del.Template:Efn |
| Minnesota 6th District Convention[30] |
2 (of 26) | 2 Del. | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | |
| Virginia 8th District Convention[31] |
2 (of 24) | 2 Del. | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | |
| April 23 | Pennsylvania Pres. Primary[32] 288,384 |
0 (of 64) | 171,815 WI (59.58%) |
52,915 WI (18.35%) |
8,636 WI (3.00%) |
- | - | - | 55,018 WITemplate:Efn (19.08%) |
6,763 (1.38%) |
| Pennsylvania Del. Primary[32] |
54 (of 64) | - | - | - | - | 54 Del.Template:Efn | - | - | - | |
| April 26 | Tennessee 7th District Convention[33] |
2 (of 28) | - | - | - | - | 2 Del.Template:Efn | - | - | - |
| Virginia 10th District Convention[34] |
2 (of 24) | 1 Del. | 1 Del. | - | - | - | - | - | - | |
| April 27 | Arizona State Convention[35] |
16 (of 16) | 13 Del. | - | - | - | - | - | - | 3 Del. |
| Kansas State Convention[36] |
10 (of 20) | - | - | - | - | 10 Del.Template:Efn | - | - | - | |
| Michigan State Convention[37] |
48 (of 48) | - | - | - | 48 Del. | - | - | - | - | |
| Minnesota 3rd, 5th and 7th District Conventions[38][39] |
6 (of 26) | 4 Del. | 2 Del. | - | - | - | - | - | - | |
| Nevada State Convention[40] |
12 (of 12) | 8 Del. | 2 Del. | - | - | - | - | - | 2 Del. | |
| Tennessee 2nd and 4th District Conventions[41][42] |
4 (of 28) | - | - | - | - | 4 Del.Template:Efn | - | - | - | |
| Virginia 7th District Convention[43] |
2 (of 24) | 2 Del. | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | |
| April 30 | Delaware State Convention[44] |
12 (of 12) | 7 Del. | 5 Del. | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Massachusetts Primary[45] 106,521 |
34 (of 34) | 27,447 WI (25.77%) |
34 Del. 31,964 WI (30.01%) |
1,770 WI (1.66%) |
49 WI (0.05%) |
31,465Template:Efn (29.54%) |
- | 13,826 WITemplate:Efn (12.98%) |
- | |
| May 4 | Minnesota 1st and 4th District Conventions[46] |
4 (of 26) | 4 Del. | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Virginia State Convention[47] |
4 (of 24) | 4 Del. | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | |
| May 5 | Georgia State Convention[48] |
30Template:Efn (of 30) | 23 Del. | 1 Del. | 6 Del. | - | - | - | - | - |
| May 7 | Indiana Primary[49] 508,362 |
26 (of 26) | 26 Del. 508,362 (100.00%) |
- | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Ohio Pres. Primary[50] 614,492 |
0 (of 58) | - | - | - | - | 614,492Template:Efn (100.00%) |
- | - | - | |
| Ohio Del. Primary[50] 508,362 |
58 (of 58) | 2 Del. | - | - | - | 55 Del.Template:Efn | 1 Del. | - | - | |
| Washington, D.C. Primary[51] 13,430 |
9 (of 9) | 9 Del.Template:Efn 12,102 (90.11%) |
1,328Template:Efn (9.89%) |
- | - | - | - | - | ||
| May 11 | Hawaii State Convention[52] |
14 (of 14) | - | - | - | - | 14 Del.Template:Efn | - | - | - |
| Maine State Convention[53] |
12 (of 12) | 4 Del. | 6 Del. | - | - | - | - | - | 4 Del. | |
| Minnesota 2nd and 8th District Conventions[54] |
4 (of 26) | 4 Del. | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | |
| Wyoming State Convention[55] |
12 (of 12) | 10 Del. | - | - | - | - | - | - | 2 Del.Template:Efn | |
| May 12 | Alaska State Convention[56] |
12 (of 12) | - | - | - | - | 12 Del.Template:Efn | - | - | - |
| May 14 | Nebraska Pres. Primary[57] 200,707 |
0 (of 10) | 140,336 (69.92%) |
10,225 WI (5.09%) |
42,703 (21.28%) |
40 WI (0.02%) |
- | 2,638 (1.31%) |
4,765 WITemplate:Efn (2.37%) |
- |
| Nebraska Del. Primary[57][58] |
16 (of 16) | 15 Del. | - | - | - | - | - | - | 1 Del. | |
| West Virginia Del. Primary[59] |
14 (of 14) | 7 Del. | 1 Del. | - | - | - | - | - | 6 Del. | |
| May 15 | Missouri 3rd District Convention[60] |
2 (of 24) | 2 Del. | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Rhode Island State Convention[61] |
14 (of 14) | - | 14 Del.Template:Efn | - | - | - | - | - | - | |
| May 17 | Missouri 6th District Convention[62] |
2 (of 24) | 2 Del. | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| May 18 | Missouri 2nd District Convention[63] |
2 (of 24) | 1 Del. | - | - | - | - | - | - | 1 Del. |
| Vermont State Convention[64] |
12 (of 12) | 9 Del. | 2 Del. | - | - | - | - | - | 1 Del. | |
| May 22 | Louisiana 8th District Convention[65] |
2 (of 26) | 2 Del. | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Missouri 1st District Convention[66] |
2 (of 24) | 2 Del. | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | |
| May 23 | Louisiana 5th District Convention[67] |
2 (of 26) | - | - | 2 Del. | - | - | - | - | - |
| May 25 | Colorado 1st District Convention[68] |
2 (of 18) | 1 Del. | - | 1 Del. | - | - | - | - | - |
| Louisiana 4th and 6th District Conventions[69][70][71] |
4 (of 26) | 4 Del.Template:Efn | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | |
| Missouri 4th, 9th and 10th District Convention[72][63] |
6 (of 24) | 6 Del. | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | |
| Tennessee State Convention[73] |
10 (of 28) | 10 Del. | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | |
| May 26 | Louisiana 3rd District Convention[74] |
2 (of 26) | - | - | 2 Del. | - | - | - | - | - |
| May 28 | Florida Primary[75] 51,509 |
36 (of 36) | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 36 Del. 51,509 (100.00%) |
| Louisiana 7th District Convention[76] |
2 (of 26) | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 2 Del.Template:Efn | |
| Missouri 5th District Convention[77] |
2 (of 24) | 2 Del. | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | |
| Oregon Primary[78] 312,159 |
18 (of 18) | 18 Del. 203,037 (65.04%) |
36,305 WI (11.63%) |
63,707 (20.41%) |
- | - | - | 9,110 WITemplate:Efn (2.92%) |
- | |
| May 30 | Louisiana 1st and 2nd District ConventionsTemplate:Efn[79] |
4 (of 26) | 4 Del. | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| June 1 | Mississippi State Convention[80] |
20 (of 20) | 7 Del. | - | 2 Del. | - | - | - | - | 11 Del.Template:Efn |
| June 4 | California Primary[81] 1,525,091 |
86 (of 86) | - | - | 86 Del. 1,525,091 (100.00%) |
- | - | - | - | - |
| Colorado 2nd District Convention[82] |
2 (of 18) | 2 Del. | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | |
| New Jersey Pres. Primary[83] 88,592 |
0 (of 40) | 71,809 WI (81.06%) |
11,530 WI (13.02%) |
2,737 WI (3.09%) |
- | - | - | 2,516 WITemplate:Efn (2.84%) |
- | |
| New Jersey Del. Primary[83] |
40 (of 40) | - | - | - | - | 40 Del.Template:Efn | - | - | - | |
| South Dakota Primary[84] 68,113 |
14 (of 14) | 14 Del. 68,113 (100.00%) |
- | - | - | - | - | - | - | |
| June 7 | Colorado 3rd and 4th District Convention[85] |
4 (of 18) | 4 Del. | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Missouri 8th District Convention[86] |
2 (of 24) | 2 Del. | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | |
| June 8 | Colorado State Convention[87] |
10 (of 18) | 8 Del. | - | - | - | - | - | - | 2 Del. |
| Missouri 7th District Convention[88] |
2 (of 24) | 2 Del. | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | |
| June 11 | Illinois Pres. Primary[89] 22,403 |
0 (of 58) | 17,490 WI (78.07%) |
2,165 WI (9.66%) |
1,601 WI (7.15%) |
16 WI (0.07%) |
- | - | 1,131 WITemplate:Efn (5.05%) |
- |
| Illinois Del. Primary[89] |
48 (of 58) | 40 Del. | - | - | - | - | - | - | 8 Del. | |
| Texas State Convention[90] |
56 (of 56) | - | - | - | - | 56 Del.Template:Efn | - | - | - | |
| June 14 | Minnesota State Convention[91] |
4 (of 26) | 3 Del. | 7 Del. | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| North Dakota State Convention[92] |
8 (of 8) | 6 Del. | - | - | - | - | - | - | 2 Del. | |
| June 15 | Connecticut State Convention[93] |
16 (of 16) | 3 Del. | 13 Del.Template:Efn | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Idaho State Convention[94] |
14 (of 14) | 8 Del. | - | 6 Del. | - | - | - | - | - | |
| June 18 | New York Del. Primary[95] |
82 (of 82) | 4 Del. | 78 Del. | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| June 22 | Louisiana State Convention[96] |
20 (of 30) | 7 Del. | - | 2 Del. | - | - | - | - | 1 Del. |
| Maryland State Convention[97] |
26 (of 26) | - | - | - | - | 26 Del.Template:Efn | - | - | - | |
| Montana State Convention[98] |
14 (of 14) | 13 Del. | - | 1 Del. | - | - | - | - | - | |
| New Mexico State Convention[99] |
12 (of 12) | 6 Del. | - | 3 Del. | - | - | - | - | 5 Del.Template:Efn | |
| Washington State Convention[100] |
24 (of 24) | 23 Del. | - | - | - | - | - | - | 1 Del. | |
| June 28 | Alabama District Conventions[101] |
16 (of 26) | 7 Del. | - | 2 Del. | - | - | - | - | 7 Del.Template:Efn |
| June 29 | Alabama State Convention[28] |
10 (of 26) | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 10 Del. |
| Arkansas State Convention[102] |
18 (of 18) | - | - | - | - | 18 Del.Template:Efn | - | - | - | |
| Illinois State Convention[103] |
10 (of 58) | 8 Del. | - | - | - | - | - | - | 2 Del. | |
| Missouri State Convention[104] |
4 (of 24) | 1 Del. | - | - | - | - | - | - | 3 Del. | |
| Virginia 6th and 9th District Conventions[105] |
4 (of 24) | 4 Del. | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | |
| July 13 | Utah State Convention[106] |
8 (of 8) | 3 Del. | - | 5 Del. | - | - | - | - | - |
| 1,333 delegates <templatestyles src="Nobold/styles.css"/>4,473,551 votesScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". |
475 <templatestyles src="Nobold/styles.css"/>1,679,443 (37.54%)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". |
174 <templatestyles src="Nobold/styles.css"/>164,340 (3.67%)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". |
123 <templatestyles src="Nobold/styles.css"/>1,696,632 (37.93%)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". |
48 <templatestyles src="Nobold/styles.css"/>4,447 (0.10%)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". |
345 <templatestyles src="Nobold/styles.css"/>645,957 (14.44%)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". |
1 <templatestyles src="Nobold/styles.css"/>31,655 (0.71%)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". |
0 <templatestyles src="Nobold/styles.css"/>110,438 (2.47%)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". |
151 <templatestyles src="Nobold/styles.css"/>140,639 (3.14%)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". | ||
| Suspected delegate count August 4, 1968[107] |
619 (46.44%) |
267 (20.03%) |
192 (14.40%) |
48 (3.60%) |
157 (11.78%) |
- | - | 50 (3.75%) | ||
Candidates
The following political leaders were candidates for the 1968 Republican presidential nomination:
Nominee
| Candidate | Most recent office | Home state | Campaign
Withdrawal date |
Popular vote | Contests won | Running mate | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Richard Nixon | File:Nixon 30-0316a (cropped).jpg | Vice President of the United States (1953–1961) |
File:Flag-map of New York.svg | File:Nixon Agnew 1968 campaign logo.svg (Campaign) Secured nomination: August 8, 1968 |
1,679,443 (37.5%) |
10 | Spiro Agnew | |
Other major candidates
These candidates participated in multiple state primaries or were included in multiple major national polls.
| Candidate | Most recent office | Home state | Campaign
Withdrawal date | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nelson Rockefeller | File:Governor Nelson Rockefeller (cropped2).png | Governor of New York (1959–1973) |
File:Flag-map of New York.svg | File:Nelson Rockefeller 1968 bumper sticker.svg (Campaign) | |
| Ronald Reagan | File:Ronald Reagan, 14 May 1974 (cropped).jpg | Governor of California (1967–1975) |
California | File:Ronald Reagan 1968 campaign logo.svg (Campaign) Accepted draft: August 5, 1968 | |
| George W. Romney | File:GeorgeWRomney.png | Governor of Michigan (1963–1969) |
File:Flag map of Michigan.svg | File:Romney in 68.jpg (Campaign) Announced: Nov. 18, 1967 Withdrew: February 28, 1968 | |
Favorite sons
The following candidates ran only in their home state's primary, caucus, or convention. They ran for the purpose of controlling their state's respective delegate slate at the national convention and did not appear to be considered national candidates by the media. The media referred to them as "favorite son" candidates.
Declined to run
The following persons were listed in two or more major national polls or were the subject of media speculation surrounding their potential candidacy, but declined to actively seek the nomination.
-
Senator Everett Dirksen of Illinois
-
Senator Charles H. Percy of Illinois (endorsed Rockefeller)
-
Senator Mark Hatfield of Oregon
-
Senator Thruston Ballard Morton of Kentucky (endorsed Rockefeller)
-
Representative Robert Taft Jr. of Ohio
-
Governor Claude R. Kirk Jr. of Florida (endorsed Rockefeller)
-
Former Governor John Davis Lodge of Connecticut (endorsed Nixon)
-
Former Governor William Scranton of Pennsylvania
-
Mayor of New York City John Lindsay (endorsed Rockefeller)
-
Retired Lt. General James M. Gavin
Polling
National polling
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Before November 1966
| Poll source | Publication | Template:Vert header | Template:Vert header | Template:Vert header | Template:Vert header | Template:Vert header | Template:Vert header | Template:Vert header | Template:Vert header | Template:Vert header | Template:Vert header |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Gallup[120] | Jan. 10, 1965 | – | 18% | 15% | style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading" |27% | – | 14% | 6% | 8% | 9%Template:Efn | 3% |
| Gallup[121] | March 24, 1965 | – | 16% | 11% | style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading" |36% | – | 14% | 4% | 8% | 8%Template:Efn | 3% |
| Gallup[122] | June 27, 1965 | 7% | 14% | 13% | style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading" |25% | 3% | 11% | 6% | 7% | 11%Template:Efn | 3% |
| Gallup[123] | Sep. 26, 1965 | 5% | 12% | 9% | style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading" |28% | 2% | 15% | 7% | 8% | 9%Template:Efn | 8% |
| Gallup[124] | Oct. 1965 | 6% | 11% | 12% | style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading" |26% | 3% | 15% | 7% | 7% | 6%Template:Efn | 7% |
| Gallup[124] | Dec. 5, 1965 | 5% | 12% | 13% | style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading" |34% | 1% | 11% | 4% | 5% | 10%Template:Efn | 5% |
| Gallup[125] | Feb. 6, 1966 | 5% | 15% | 11% | style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading" |33% | 3% | 10% | 5% | 5% | 11%Template:Efn | 2% |
| Gallup[126] | April 10, 1966 | 7% | 12% | 13% | style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading" |27% | 4% | 14% | 5% | 6% | 3%Template:Efn | 9% |
| Gallup[127] | April 1966 | – | – | – | – | 11% | style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading" |34% | – | 17% | 18%Template:Efn | 20% |
| Gallup[127] | July 10, 1966 | – | – | – | – | 17% | style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading" |38% | – | 20% | 11%Template:Efn | 14% |
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After November 1966
| Poll source | Publication | Template:Vert header | Template:Vert header | Template:Vert header | Template:Vert header | Template:Vert header | Template:Vert header | Template:Vert header |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Gallup[128] | Nov. 25, 1966 | 31% | – | 8% | style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading" |39% | 5% | 11%Template:Efn | 7% |
| Gallup[129]Template:Efn | Feb. 12, 1967 | style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading" |39% | 6% | 7% | 28% | 11% | 5%Template:Efn | 4% |
| Gallup[130] | March 19, 1967 | style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading" |39% | 4% | 8% | 30% | 9% | 6%Template:Efn | 4% |
| Gallup[131] | May 21, 1967 | style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading" |43% | 6% | 7% | 28% | 7% | 5%Template:Efn | 4% |
| Gallup[132] | July 12, 1967 | style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading" |39% | 7% | 11% | 25% | 10% | 4%Template:Efn | 4% |
| Gallup[133] | Aug. 23, 1967 | style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading" |33% | 6% | 15% | 26% | 12% | 5%Template:Efn | 3% |
| Gallup[134] | Aug. 22–26, 1967 | style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading" |35% | 6% | 11% | 24% | 14% | 4%Template:Efn | 6% |
| Gallup[134] | Sep. 15–19, 1967 | style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading" |40% | 9% | 16% | 14% | 17% | 2%Template:Efn | 2% |
| Gallup[135] | Nov. 19, 1967 | style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading" |42% | 5% | 13% | 14% | 15% | 6%Template:Efn | 5% |
| Gallup[136] | Jan 1968 | style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading" |42% | 5% | 8% | 12% | 27% | 4%Template:Efn | 2% |
| Gallup[136] | Feb. 21, 1968 | style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading" |51% | 3% | 8% | 7% | 25% | 5%Template:Efn | 1% |
| Gallup[137] | July 28, 1968 | style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading" |60% | 2% | 7% | – | 23% | 6%Template:Efn |
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Head-to-head polling
Nixon v. Romney
| Poll source | Date(s) | Template:Vert header | Template:Vert header | Template:Vert header |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Gallup[138] | Nov. 25, 1965 | style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading" |55% | 38% | 7% |
| Gallup[127] | July 10, 1966 | style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading" |55% | 40% | 5% |
| Gallup[139] | Nov. 1967 | style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading" |65% | 31% | 4% |
| Gallup[139] | Jan. 31, 1968 | style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading" |68% | 26% | 6% |
Statewide polling
New Hampshire
| Poll source | Publication | Template:Vert header | Template:Vert header | Template:Vert header | Template:Vert header |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Roper Research Associates[128] | March 4, 1968 | style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading" |65% | 9% | 13% | 13%Template:Efn |
Primary race
Nixon was the front-runner for the Republican nomination and to a great extent the story of the Republican primary campaign and nomination is the story of one Nixon opponent after another entering the race and then dropping out.
Nixon's first challenger was Michigan Governor George W. Romney. Romney's grandfather, a member of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, had emigrated to Mexico in 1886 with his three wives and their children, after the U.S. federal government outlawed polygamy. However Romney's parents (monogamous under new church doctrine) retained their U.S. citizenship and returned to the United States with him and his siblings in 1912.[140] Questions were occasionally asked about Romney's eligibility to hold the office of President due to his birth in Mexico, given an asserted ambiguity in the United States Constitution over the phrase "natural-born citizen".[141][142] By February 1967, some newspapers were questioning Romney's eligibility given his Mexican birth.[143]
A Gallup poll in mid-1967 showed Nixon with 39%, followed by Romney with 25%. However, in a slip of the tongue, Romney told a news reporter that he had been "brainwashed" by the military and the diplomatic corps into supporting the Vietnam War; the remark led to weeks of ridicule in the national news media. As the year 1968 opened, Romney was opposed to further American intervention in Vietnam and had decided to run as the Republican version of Eugene McCarthy (The New York Times 2/18/1968). Romney's support slowly faded and he withdrew from the race on February 28, 1968. (The New York Times 2/29/1968).
Nixon won a resounding victory in the important New Hampshire primary on March 12, winning 78% of the vote. Anti-war Republicans wrote in the name of New York Governor Nelson Rockefeller, the leader of the GOP's liberal wing, who received 11% of the vote and became Nixon's new challenger. Nixon led Rockefeller in the polls throughout the primary campaign. Rockefeller defeated Nixon in the Massachusetts primary on April 30 but otherwise fared poorly in the state primaries and conventions.
By early spring, California Governor Ronald Reagan, the leader of the GOP's conservative wing, had become Nixon's chief rival. In the Nebraska primary on May 14, Nixon won with 70% of the vote to 21% for Reagan and 5% for Rockefeller. While this was a wide margin for Nixon, Reagan remained Nixon's leading challenger. Nixon won the next primary of importance, Oregon, on May 15 with 65% of the vote and won all the following primaries except for California (June 4), where only Reagan appeared on the ballot. Reagan's margin in California gave him a plurality of the nationwide primary vote, but when the Republican National Convention assembled, Nixon had 656 delegates according to a UPI poll (with 667 needed for the nomination).
Total popular vote
- Ronald Reagan – 1,696,632 (37.93%)
- Richard Nixon – 1,679,443 (37.54%)
- James A. Rhodes – 614,492 (13.74%)
- Nelson A. Rockefeller – 164,340 (3.67%)
- Unpledged – 140,639 (3.14%)
- Eugene McCarthy (write-in) – 44,520 (1.00%)
- Harold Stassen – 31,655 (0.71%)
- John Volpe – 31,465 (0.70%)
- Others – 21,456 (0.51%)
- George Wallace (write-in) – 15,291 (0.34%)
- Robert F. Kennedy (write-in) – 14,524 (0.33%)
- Hubert Humphrey (write-in) – 5,698 (0.13)
- Lyndon Johnson (write-in) – 4,824 (0.11%)
- George Romney – 4,447 (0.10%)
- Raymond P. Shafer – 1,223 (0.03%)
- William W. Scranton – 724 (0.02%)
- Charles H. Percy – 689 (0.02%)
- Barry M. Goldwater – 598 (0.01%)
- John V. Lindsay – 591 (0.01%)
Endorsements
<templatestyles src="Template:Hidden begin/styles.css"/>
- U.S. Senators
- Edward Brooke (R-MA)[144]
- Clifford Case (R-NJ)[145]
- Mark Hatfield (R-OR)[146]
- Jacob Javits (R-NY)[147]
- Thruston Morton (R-KY)[148]
- Charles H. Percy (R-IL)[144]
- Hugh Scott (R-PA)[149]
- U.S. Representatives
- Edward G. Biester Jr. (R-PA)
- Daniel Button (R-NY)
- Silvio Conte (R-MA)
- Paul Findley (R-IL)[150]
- Gilbert Gude (R-MD)[151]
- Seymour Halpern (R-NY)
- Margaret Heckler (R-MA)[152]
- Frank Horton (R-NY)
- John Lindsay (R-NY)[153]
- Pete McCloskey (R-CA)
- William E. Miller (R-NY)[144]
- Ogden Reid (R-NY)
- Richard Schweiker (R-PA)
- Charles W. Whalen Jr. (R-OH)
- Governors
- John Chafee (R-RI)[154]
- Daniel J. Evans (R-WA)[155]
- Claude R. Kirk Jr. (R-FL)[156]
- John A. Love (R-CO)[157]
- Tom McCall (R-OR)[144]
- Winthrop Rockefeller (R-AR)
- George W. Romney (R-MI)[144]
- Raymond P. Shafer (R-PA)[144]
- Celebrities
- Nancy Ames,[158] singer
- Kitty Carlisle,[158] actress
- Billy Daniels,[158] singer
- Hildegarde,[158] singer
- Teresa Wright,[158] actress
- Individuals
- Ralph Abernathy, civil rights activist[159]
- Philip Johnson, architect[158]
- Maria Tallchief, dancer[158]
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- Representatives
- Charles Mathias (R-MD)
- Don Riegle (R-MI)
- Governors
- David Cargo (R-MN)[160]
- William Scranton (R-PA)[161]
- Lieutenant governors
- William Milliken (R-MI)[162]
The convention
At the 1968 Republican National Convention in Miami Beach, Florida, Reagan and Rockefeller planned to unite their forces in a stop-Nixon movement, but the strategy fell apart when neither man agreed to support the other for the nomination. Rockefeller in particular was seen as unacceptable to Southern Conservatives. Nixon won the nomination on the first ballot. He was able to secure the nomination because of the support of many Southern delegates, after he and his subordinates made concessions to Strom Thurmond and Harry Dent.[163] Nixon then chose Maryland Governor Spiro Agnew to be his Vice-Presidential candidate, despite complaints from within the GOP that Agnew was an unknown quantity, and that a better-known and more popular candidate, such as Romney, should have been the Vice-Presidential nominee. However, Agnew was seen as a candidate who could appeal to Rockefeller Republicans, was acceptable to Southern Conservatives, and had a solid law-and-order record.[164] It was also reported that Nixon's first choice for running mate was his longtime friend and ally, Robert Finch, who was the lieutenant governor of California since 1967 and later his HEW Secretary, but Finch declined the offer.
| President | (before switches) | (after switches) | Vice president | Vice-presidential votes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Richard M. Nixon | 692 | 1238 | Spiro T. Agnew | 1119 |
| Nelson Rockefeller | 277 | 93 | George Romney | 186 |
| Ronald Reagan | 182 | 2 | John V. Lindsay | 10 |
| Ohio Governor James A. Rhodes | 55 | — | Massachusetts Senator Edward Brooke | 1 |
| Michigan Governor George Romney | 50 | — | James A. Rhodes | 1 |
| New Jersey Senator Clifford Case | 22 | — | Not voting | 16 |
| Kansas Senator Frank Carlson | 20 | — | — | |
| Arkansas Governor Winthrop Rockefeller | 18 | — | — | |
| Hawaii Senator Hiram Fong | 14 | — | — | |
| Harold Stassen | 2 | — | — | |
| New York City Mayor John V. Lindsay | 1 | — | — |
See also
Notes
References
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- ↑ Scott was re-elected in 1970, defeating Democratic State Senator William Sesler by a margin of 51 to 45 percent. Scott served until January 3, 1977, and was elected Senate Minority Whip in January 1969.
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
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- ↑ Perlstein, pp. 299-304
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Bibliography
- Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
Script error: No such module "Navbox". Template:1968 United States elections Script error: No such module "Navbox". Template:Richard Nixon Script error: No such module "Navbox". Script error: No such module "navbox".