1809 in science
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The year 1809 in science and technology involved some significant events, listed below.
Astronomy
- Carl Friedrich Gauss publishes Script error: No such module "Lang". in Hamburg, introducing the Gaussian gravitational constant and containing an influential treatment of the least squares method.[1]
- S. D. Poisson publishes Script error: No such module "Lang". and Script error: No such module "Lang". in the Journal of the École Polytechnique, extending Lagrange's theory of planetary orbits.
Biology
- Jean-Baptiste Lamarck publishes Philosophie Zoologique, outlining his theory of evolution.
- Johann Heinrich Friedrich Link first describes Penicillium.[2]
Geology
- William Maclure publishes the first geological map of the United States with accompanying memoir.[1][3]
Mathematics
- Louis Poinsot describes the two remaining Kepler-Poinsot polyhedra.
Medicine
- December 25 – American physician Ephraim McDowell performs the world's first ovariotomy, the removal of an ovarian tumor.[4]
- Philippe Pinel publishes accounts of what would later be regarded as schizophrenia.[5]
Technology
- February 11 – Robert Fulton patents the steamboat in the United States.[6][7]
- May 5 – Mary Kies becomes one of the first women granted a U.S. patent, for a technique of weaving straw hats with silk and thread.[8]
- Samuel Thomas von Sömmerring invents a water voltameter electrical telegraph.[1]
- William Hyde Wollaston invents the reflecting goniometer.
Awards
Births
- January 4 – Louis Braille (died 1852), French inventor.
- January 6 – Marie Durocher (died 1893), Brazilian physician.
- February 12 – Charles Darwin (died 1882), English naturalist.
- February 15 – Cyrus McCormick (died 1884), American inventor.
- February 21 – Carl Ernst Bock (died 1874), German physician and anatomist.
- April 7 – James Glaisher (died 1903), English meteorologist and balloonist.
- April 15 – Hermann Grassmann (died 1877), German mathematician.
- April 20 – James David Forbes (died 1868), Scottish physicist, glaciologist and seismologist.
- August 29 – Oliver Wendell Holmes Sr. (died 1894), American physician and writer.
- November 22 – Bénédict Morel (died 1873), French psychiatrist.
- Date unknown – William Lobb (died 1864), English plant collector.
Deaths
- May 17 – Leopold Auenbrugger (born 1722), Austrian physician.
- August 18 – Matthew Boulton (born 1728), English mechanical engineer.
- October 11 – Meriwether Lewis (born 1774), American explorer.
- December 16 – Antoine François, comte de Fourcroy (born 1755), French chemist.
- December 29 – Thomas Barker (born 1722), English meteorologist.
References
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