1093
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Year 1093 (MXCIII) was a common year starting on Saturday of the Julian calendar.
Events
By place
Europe
- April 13 –The Grand Prince of Kiev Vsevolod I Yaroslavich dies, after a 15-year reign. He is succeeded by Sviatopolk II, who is acknowledged by other princes as the senior son of Iziaslav I, and ascends the Kievan throne as ruler of the Kievan Rus'. His cousin Vladimir II, prince of Chernigov, becomes a bitter rival.
- May 26 – Battle of the Stugna River: The nomadic Cumans defeat a Kievan joint force led by the princes of Kievan Rus' at the Stuhna River in the valley near Trepol. Rostislav Vsevolodovich, prince of Pereyaslavl, drowns while fleeing the battle.[1]
- September 22 – King Olaf III of Norway ("the Peaceful") dies after a 26-year reign. He is succeeded by his son Magnus Barefoot who is proclaimed ruler of Norway at the Borgarting (or the Thing), an assembly of lawspeakers, in the region of Viken.
Britain
- March 6 – Anselm, Italian Benedictine abbot and theologian, becomes archbishop of Canterbury in England, succeeding Lanfranc. The post of archbishop has been left vacant since 1089 by King William II of England – so he can collect the church's income for himself.[2]
- November 13 – Battle of Alnwick: King Malcolm III of Scotland invades Northumberland, but is killed by English forces under Earl Robert de Mowbray while besieging Alnwick Castle. He is succeeded by his brother Donald III ("the Fair") as ruler of Scotland.
- The Normans under Lord Robert Fitzhamon continue their occupation of southern Wales[3] with Pembroke Castle being constructed by Arnulf de Montgomery.
By topic
Religion
- April 8 – Monks move into the new Winchester Cathedral in England, constructed by the Norman bishop Walkelin.
- August 11 – Construction of Durham Cathedral in England begins, replacing the Saxon 'White Church'.
Births
- January 16 – Isaac Komnenos, Byzantine co-ruler
- Ahmad Yasawi, Turkic poet and Sufi (d. 1166)
- Baldwin VII, count of Flanders (d. 1119)
- Conrad III, king of Italy and Germany (d. 1152)
- Demetrius I, king of Georgia (approximate date)
- Gerhoh of Reichersberg, German theologian (d. 1169)
- Grigor III, Armenian catholicos of Cilicia (d. 1166)
- Robert fitzEdith, English feudal lord (d. 1172)
- Sancho Alfónsez, Spanish nobleman (d. 1108)
- Simon of Hauteville, count of Sicily (d. 1105)
- Simon of Vermandois, French bishop (d. 1148)
- William III, count of Ponthieu (approximate date)
Deaths
- February 1 – Abul Hasan Hankari, Abbasid scholar (b. 1018)
- April – Rhys ap Tewdwr, Welsh king of Deheubarth, killed in battle (b. 997)
- April 13 – Vsevolod I Yaroslavich, Grand Prince of Kiev (b. 1030)
- May 26 – Rostislav Vsevolodovich, prince of Pereyaslavl
- June 21 – Ja'far ibn Abdallah al-Muqtadi, Abbasid prince, son of al-Muqtadi and Mah-i Mulk
- July 10 – Ulrich of Zell, German Cluniac reformer (b. 1029)
- August 4 – Alan Rufus, Breton/Norman nobleman (approximate year)
- August 24 – Geoffrey Boterel, Breton nobleman, eldest brother of Alan Rufus
- August 29 – Hugh I, Duke of Burgundy, French nobleman and abbot (b. 1057)
- September 22 – Olaf III "the Peaceful", king of Norway
- October 13 – Robert I, Count of Flanders
- November 13 – Malcolm III, king of Scotland (b. 1031)
- November 16 – Margaret, queen consort of Scotland (b. 1045)[4]
- Bertrand II, count of Provence (approximate date)
- Constance of Burgundy, queen consort of Castile and León (b. 1046)
- Gao, Chinese empress (Song dynasty) (b. 1032)
- Iestyn ap Gwrgant, Welsh king of Morgannwg (b. 1014)
- Kaoruko, Japanese empress consort (b. 1029)
- Odo V (or Eudes), count of Troyes and Meaux
- Tzachas, Seljuk general and usurper, killed
- Wang Shen, Chinese painter and poet
References
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