1-Pentanol

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1-Pentanol

Template:Longitem	Template:Unbulleted list
Template:Longitem	1730975
ChEBI	Template:Unbulleted list
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EC Number	Template:Unbulleted list
Template:Longitem	25922
KEGG	Template:Unbulleted list
MeSH	n-Pentanol
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RTECS number	Template:Unbulleted list
UN number	1105
Template:Longitem	Template:Chembox Elements/molecular formula
Molar mass	Template:Chem molar mass
Density	0.811 g cm−3
Melting point	Template:Chembox CalcTemperatures
Boiling point	Template:Chembox CalcTemperatures
log P	1.348
Vapor pressure	200 Pa (at 20 °C)
Template:Longitem	−67.7·10−6 cm3/mol
Template:Longitem	1.409
Template:Longitem	207.45 J K−1 mol−1
Template:Longitem	258.9 J K−1 mol−1
Template:Longitem	−351.90–−351.34 kJ mol−1
Template:Longitem	−3331.19–−3330.63 kJ mol−1
NFPA 704 (fire diamond)	Template:NFPA 704 diamond
Flash point	Template:Chembox CalcTemperatures
Template:Longitem	Template:Chembox CalcTemperatures
Template:Longitem	Hexane Pentylamine

1-Pentanol, (or n-pentanol, pentan-1-ol), is an organic compound with the formula Template:Chem2 and is classified as a primary alcohol. It is a colourless liquid with a distinctive aroma. It is one of 8 isomeric alcohols with the formula Template:Chem2. It is used as a solvent, a biological drying agent and in the synthesis of some fragrance compounds. It is also a common component of fusel alcohols (fusel oils), the undesirable byproducts of alcoholic fermentation.

Preparation

1-Pentanol is prepared from 1-butene by hydroformylation followed by hydrogenation of the resulting pentanal.

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Pentanol can be prepared by fractional distillation of fusel oil. To reduce the use of fossil fuels, research is underway to develop cost-effective methods of producing (chemically identical) bio-pentanol with fermentation.

Uses and occurrence

The hydroxyl group (OH) is the active site of many reactions. The ester formed from 1-pentanol and butyric acid is pentyl butyrate, which has an apricot-like odor. The ester formed from 1-pentanol and acetic acid is amyl acetate (also called pentyl acetate), which has a banana-like odor.

It is a precursor to dipentyl zinc dithiophosphates, which are used in froth flotation.

In 2014, a study was conducted comparing the performance of diesel fuel blends with various proportions of pentanol as an additive. While gaseous emissions increased with higher concentrations of pentanol, particulate emissions decreased.

Pentanol is often used as a solvent.