Usan
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In 512, Usan-guk（于山國）was Ulleungdo（鬱陵島）
Usan-guk, or the State of Usan, occupied Ulleung-do and the adjacent islands during the Korean Three Kingdoms period. According to the Samguk Sagi, it was conquered by the Silla general Kim Isabu in 512.[1] He is said to have used wooden lions or tigers to intimidate the residents into surrendering. It has been written that the alias of Usan-guk is Ulleung-do. Usan-guk rarely entered into historical records, but appears to have continued a largely autonomous existence until its loss of independence to Goryeo in 930.[2][3]
History
Historical records
Earliest records that appear in the Records of the Three Kingdoms indirectly attest the existence of the kingdom, which says "When Wang Qi (Script error: No such module "Lang".) (of Cao Wei) has come to Okjeo to conquer Kung (Dongcheon of Goguryeo), he asked a local man whether there are people living in the east sea, and the man replied there are people living in an island that exists in the eastern seas, and they select a girl to put in the ocean every July."[4][5]
In Samguk Sagi, it is said that because of general Isabu's threats with wooden lions, Usan chose to be a vassal state to Silla in 512.[6][7]
In Goryeosa, it is recorded that Usan requested to be submitted under the rule of Goryeo in 930 by sending Paekkil (Script error: No such module "Lang".; Script error: No such module "Lang".Template:Category handler) and T'odu (Script error: No such module "Lang".; Script error: No such module "Lang".Template:Category handler).[8] In 1018, when Usan was severely affected by Jurchen invasions, the Goryeo king sent Yi Wŏn'gwi (Script error: No such module "Lang".; Script error: No such module "Lang".Template:Category handler) with farming equipment, and asked the locals of Usan who have fled from those invasions to return to their lands.[9] Usan was finally abolished and fully incorporated in 1022 as all of the refugees from Usan were settled to the region of Yeju.[9]
Old Korean maps
- Usan
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Joseon map (1530): Ulleungdo (鬱陵島) and Usan (于山島)
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廣輿圖 (Gwang Yeodo,1737-1776)
This map showed Ulleungdo with a small island off its eastern shore labeled as "the so-called Usando" (所謂 于山島). -
Kim Jeong-ho "Daedongyeojido" (1861): East of Ulleungdo (鬱陵島) and Usando (于山)
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A map by the Korean Empire: Ulleungdo (鬱陵島) and Usan (于山)
References
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- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ The Alleged Title over the Island of Takeshima Invoked by the Republic of Korea jiia.or.jp Retrieved 28 July 2023
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- ↑ Records of the Three Kingdoms, Book 30
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- ↑ Samguk Sagi, Book4
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- ↑ Goryeosa, Book 1
- ↑ a b Goryeosa, Book4
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