List of new religious movements

Template:Short description A new religious movement (NRM) is a religious or spiritual group or community with practices of relatively modern^[1] origins. NRMs may be novel in origin or they may exist on the fringes of a wider religion, in which case they will be distinct from pre-existing denominations. Academics identify a variety of characteristics which they employ in categorizing groups as new religious movements. The term is broad and inclusive, rather than sharply defined. New religious movements are generally seen as syncretic, employing human and material assets to disseminate their ideas and worldviews, deviating in some degree from a society's traditional forms or doctrines, focused especially upon the self, and having a peripheral relationship that exists in a state of tension with established societal conventions.^[2]Template:Rp Template:Sfn Template:Sfn

A NRM may be one of a wide range of movements ranging from those with loose affiliations based on novel approaches to spirituality or religion to communitarian enterprises that demand a considerable amount of group conformity and a social identity that separates their adherents from mainstream society. Use of the term NRM is not universally accepted among the groups to which it is applied.^[3] Scholars have estimated that NRMs now number in the tens of thousands worldwide. Most have only a few members, some have thousands, and very few have more than a million.^[4]Template:Rp Academics occasionally propose amendments to technical definitions and continue to add new groups.^[2]Template:Rp

List

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List of new religious movements
Name	Founder	Founded	Type	References
3HO	Harbhajan Singh Khalsa	1969 Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	Sikh	Template:Listref
Adidam, previously the Free Daist Communion, Dawn Horse Fellowship, etc.	Adi Da	1972 Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	Neo-Hindu-inspired	Template:Listref Template:Listref Template:Listref Template:Listref
Adonai-Shomo	Frederick T. Howland	1861 Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	Adventist Communalist	Template:Listref Template:Listref
Adonism	Franz Sättler	1925 Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	Modern Pagan	^[5]Template:Rp
Adventures in Enlightenment, A Foundation	Terry Cole-Whittaker	1985 Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	Religious Science	Template:Listref
Aetherius Society	George King	1954 Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	UFO-Christian	Template:Listref Template:Listref^[6]Template:Rp
The African Church	Jacob Kehinde Coker	1901 Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	Anglican	Template:Listref^[7]
African initiated churches	Multiple	1800s Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	Syncretic Christian-Indigenous	Template:Listref
African Theological Archministry, previously the Order of Damballah Hwedo Ancestor Priests, Shango Temple, and Yoruba Temple	Walter Eugene King	1973 Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	Afro-American West African Vodun	Template:Listref Template:Listref
Agasha Temple of Wisdom	Richard Zenor	1943 Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	Spiritualism	Template:Listref Template:Listref
Agni Yoga (Roerichism)	Helena Roerich & Nicholas Roerich	1920 Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	Neo-Theosophical	Template:Listref Template:Listref Template:Listref Template:Listref
Ahmadi Religion of Peace and Light	Abdullah Hashem	2015 Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	Shia Islam Millenarianism	Template:Listref
Ahmadiyya	Mirza Ghulam Ahmad	1889 Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	Messianic Islam	Template:Listref Template:Listref Template:Listref Template:Listref
Aiyy Faith, previously Kut-SiurTemplate:Rp	Lazar Afanasyev (Template:AKA Téris)	1990 Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	Modern Pagan Neo-Tengrist	^[8]Template:Rp^[8]Template:Rp
Aladura	Josiah Ositelu	1930 Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	Pentecostal	Template:Listref Template:Listref Template:Listref
Alamo Christian Foundation, Template:A.k.a. Alamo Christian Church, Consecrated, Alamo Christian Ministries, and Music Square Church	Tony Alamo & Susan Alamo	1969 Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	Fundamentalist Christianity Communalist	Template:Listref Template:Listref Template:Listref Template:Listref
Altruria	Edward Biron Payne	1894 Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	Christian Communal	Template:Listref Template:Listref
American Buddhist Movement		1980 Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	Western Buddhism	Template:Listref Template:Listref
American Buddhist Society and Fellowship, Inc.	Robert Ernest Dickhoff	1945 Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	Tibetan Buddhism	Template:Listref Template:Listref
American World Patriarchs	Uladyslau Ryzy-Ryski	1972 Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	Eastern Orthodox	Template:Listref Template:Listref
Amica Temple of Radiance	Ivah Berg Whitten	1932 Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	Neo-Theosophical	Template:Listref Template:Listref
Ananda Ashrama	Paramananda	1923 Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	Neo-Hindu Neo-Vedanta	Template:Listref
Ananda Marga	Prabhat Ranjan Sarkar	1955 Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	Neo-Hindu Tantric	Template:Listref Template:Listref Template:Listref Template:Listref Template:Listref^[9]Template:Rp
Ananda movement, including Ananda World Brotherhood Colonies and Ananda Church of Self-Realization	Kriyananda	1968 Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	Neo-Hindu Self-Realization Fellowship	Template:Listref
Shree Shree Anandamayee Sangha	Anandamayi Ma	1920s Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	Neo-Hindu	Template:Listref
Ancient British Church in North America	Jonathan V. Zotique	1976 Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	LGBTQ-oriented Christianity Progressive Christianity	Template:Listref Template:Listref
Ancient Mystical Order Rosae Crucis	H. Spencer Lewis	1915 Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	Rosicrucianism	Template:Listref Template:Listref Template:Listref Template:Listref
Ancient Teachings of the Masters (ATOM)	Darwin Gross	1983 Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	Sant Mat Eckankar	Template:Listref Template:Listref Template:Listref
Anglo-Saxon Federation of America	Howard B. Rand	1928 Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	British Israelism	Template:Listref Template:Listref Template:Listref
Ansaaru Allah Community	Dwight York (Template:AKA As Siddid Al Imaan Al Haahi Al Mahdi)	late 1960s Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	Black Islam	Template:Listref Template:Listref
Ant Hill Kids, Template:A.k.a. Holy Moses Mountain Family	Roch Thériault	1977 Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	Seventh-day Adventist	^[10]^[11]
Anthroposophy (Anthroposophical Society)	Rudolf Steiner	1912 Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	Western esotericism	Template:Listref Template:Listref Template:Listref^[12]Template:Rp
Antiochian Catholic Church in America	Gordon Mar Peter	1980s Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	Independent Catholicism Monophysitism	Template:Listref Template:Listref
Antoinism	Louis-Joseph Antoine	1910 Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	Christianity Faith healing	Template:Listref
Apostles of Infinite Love, Template:A.k.a. the Order of Magnificat of the Mother of God	Michel Collin & Jean-Gaston Tremblay	1961 Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	Catholic	^[13]
Apostolic Christian Church (Nazarean)	Samuel Heinrich Froehlich	1906 Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	European Free church	Template:Listref Template:Listref
Apostolic Christian Church of America	Samuel Heinrich Froehlich	1830 Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	European Free church	Template:Listref Template:Listref
Apostolic Church	Daniel Powell Williams	1916 Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	Pentecostal	Template:Listref Template:Listref
Apostolic Church of Christ (Pentecostal)	Johnnie Draft & Wallace Snow	1969 Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	Oneness Pentecostalism	Template:Listref Template:Listref
Apostolic Overcoming Holy Church of God	William Thomas Phillips	1920 Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	Oneness Pentecostalism	Template:Listref Template:Listref
Arcane School, a.k.a. Lucis Trust	Foster & Alice Bailey	1923 or 1937 Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	Neo-Theosophical	Template:Listref Template:Listref Template:Listref Template:Listref
Arica School	Oscar Ichazo	1968 Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	Sufism	Template:Listref Template:Listref Template:Listref
Art of Living Foundation, a.k.a. the Association for Inner Growth and "Ved Vignan Maha Vidya Preeth"	Ravi Shankar	1981/1982 Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	Neo-Hindu	Template:Listref Template:Listref
Arya Samaj	Dayananda Saraswati	1875 Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	Neo-Hindu	Template:Listref Template:Listref Template:Listref Template:Listref
Aryan Nations, Template:A.k.a. the Church of Jesus Christ–Christian	Wesley Swift	late 1940s Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	British Israelism	Template:Listref Template:Listref
Asatru Folk Assembly	Stephen McNallen	1970s Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	Modern Pagan Polytheistic reconstructionism Heathenry	^[14]
Assemblies of God	merger	1914 Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	Pentecostalism	^[15]Template:Rp Template:Listref Template:Listref^[15]Template:Rp
Assemblies of the Lord Jesus Christ	merger	1952 Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	Oneness Pentecostalism	Template:Listref Template:Listref
Assembly of Christian Soldiers	Jessie L. Thrift	1971 Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	Christian Identity Ku Klux Klan	Template:Listref Template:Listref
Assembly of Man	Franklin Merrell-Wolff	1928 Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	Eastern and Western esotericism	^[16]
Association for Research and Enlightenment	Edgar Cayce	1931 Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	Occult	Template:Listref Template:Listref Template:Listref
Association of Vineyard Churches, Template:A.k.a. the Vineyard Movement	John Wimber	1982 Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	Neo-charismatic Trinitarian Pentecostal	Template:Listref Template:Listref
Aumism	Gilbert Bourdin	1969 Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	Syncretic esotericism-Hinduism	^[17]Template:Rp^[17]Template:Rp^[17]Template:Rp
Aum Shinrikyo, Template:A.k.a. Aleph	Shoko Asahara	1987 Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	Japanese Japanese Buddhism	Template:Listref^[18] Template:Listref Template:Listref^[19]
Ausar Auset Society	R.A. Straughn	mid-1970s Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	Rosicrucianism	Template:Listref Template:Listref
Azalism, a.k.a. Azali Babism	Subh-i-Azal	1863 Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	Babism	^[20]Template:Rp
Bábism	Ali Muhammad Shirazi (a.k.a. the Báb)	1844 Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	Shia Islam Millenarianism	^[21] Template:Listref^[21]^[22]Template:Rp
Baháʼí Faith	Bahá'u'lláh (Mírzá Ḥusayn-'Alí Nuri)	1863 Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	Millenarian Babism	Template:Listref Template:Listref Template:Listref Template:Listref Template:Listref
Bawa Muhaiyaddeen Fellowship	Bawa Muhaiyaddeen	1971 Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	Sufism	Template:Listref Template:Listref
Bethel Ministerial Association	Albert Franklin Varnell	1934 Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	Oneness Pentecostalism	Template:Listref Template:Listref
Bible Presbyterian Church	Carl McIntire	1938 Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	Reformed Presbyterian	Template:Listref Template:Listref
Bible Way Church of Our Lord Jesus Christ	schism	1957 Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	Oneness Pentecostalism	Template:Listref Template:Listref Template:Listref
Biosophy	Ignaz Paul Vitalis Troxler, F. W. J. Schelling	1806 Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".		^[23]^[24]
Blackburn Cult, Template:A.k.a. the Divine Order of the Royal Arms of the Great Eleven	May Otis Blackburn	1922 Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	Modern Pagan New Thought	^[25]Template:Rp^[25]Template:Rp
Brahma Kumaris	Dada Lekhraj	1936/1937 Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	Neo-Hindu	Template:Listref^[26] Template:Listref Template:Listref Template:Listref
Brahmo Samaj, Template:A.k.a. Adi Dharm	Ram Mohan Roy	1828 Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	Neo-Hindu Unitarian Universalism	Template:Listref^[27]Template:Rp^[28]
Brahmoism (a.k.a. Brahmo Dharma)	Debendranath Tagore	1848 or 1850 Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	Neo-Hindu Unitarian Universalism	^[28]Template:Rp
Branch Davidians	Benjamin Roden	1930 Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	Seventh-day Adventist Shepherd's Rod	Template:Listref Template:Listref Template:Listref
Branhamism	William M. Branham	1951 Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	Oneness Pentecostalism	Template:Listref
Inedia, Template:A.k.a. Breatharianism	Wiley Brooks	1970s Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	Hinduism-influenced	Template:Listref^[29]Template:Rp
The Brethren (Jim Roberts group), a.k.a. The Body of Christ and The Garbage Eaters	Jimmie T. Roberts	Template:Circa Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	Unclassified Christianity	Template:Listref
British Israelism, a.k.a. Anglo-Israelism		1870s Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".		Template:Listref Template:Listref
Brotherhood of the Golden Arrow (defunct)	Maria de Naglowska	1932 Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	Occult Western esotericism Satanism	^[30]
Bruderhof, a.k.a. the Hutterian Brethren and Hutterian Society of Brothers	Eberhard Arnold	Template:Circa Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	Communalist	Template:Listref Template:Listref^[31]Template:Rp
Brunstad Christian Church	Johan Oscar Smith	1905 Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	Evangelical nondenominational Christianity	^[32] Template:Listref^[32]
Builders of the Adytum	Paul Foster Case	1922 Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	Ritual magic	Template:Listref Template:Listref Template:Listref
Burkhanism or Ak Jang	Chet Chelpan; Chugul Sarok Chandyk	1904 Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	Altaian Millenarian-Indigenist Tengrist	^[33]
Cao Dai, a.k.a. Dai Dao Tam Ky Pho Do	Ngô Văn Chiêu & Lê Văn Trung	1919 Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	Syncretistic Vietnamese millenarianism	Template:Listref Template:Listref Template:Listref
Cargo cults		1885 Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	Syncretistic Millenarian-Indigenist	Template:Listref Template:Listref Template:Listref
Carlebach movement	Shlomo Carlebach	late 1960s Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	Neo-Hasidic Rabbinic Judaism	^[27]Template:Rp
Celestial Church of Christ	Samuel Oshoffa	1947 Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	Indigenist Pentecostal	Template:Listref Template:Listref
The Centers Network		1981		Template:Listref
Chabad, a.k.a. Chabad-Lubavitch	Shneur Zalman of Liadi	1775 Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	Hasidic Rabbinic Judaism	Template:Listref Template:Listref
Charismatic Movement, Template:A.k.a. neo-Pentecostalism		1950s–1960s Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	Charismatic Christianity	Template:Listref^[34] Template:Listref Template:Listref
Chen Tao, a.k.a. God's Salvation Church and God Saves the Earth Flying Saucer Foundation	Hon-Ming Chen	1955 Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	UFO religion	Template:Listref^[35]
Cheondoism, a.k.a. Chendogyo	Choe Je-u	1905 Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".		Template:Listref
Cherubim and Seraphim, a.k.a. the Sacred Cherubim and Seraphim Society and Eternal Sacred Order of Cherubim and Seraphim	Moses Orimolade Tunolase	Template:Circa Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	African Pentecostal	Template:Listref Template:Listref
Children of Thunder	Glenn Helzer	2000 Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	Latter-day Saint Movement	^[36]
Christ Apostolic Church	Joseph Ayo Babalola	1941 Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	Pentecostal	Template:Listref Template:Listref
Christadelphians, a.k.a. Thomasites	John Thomas	1844 Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	Baptist Restorationism	Template:Listref Template:Listref Template:Listref Template:Listref
The Christian Community, a.k.a. the Christian Community Church and Christengemeinschaft	Rudolf Steiner Friedrich Rittelmeyer	1922 Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	Anthroposophy	Template:Listref Template:Listref
Christian Identity, a.k.a. the Identity Movement	1870s Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	1940s Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	British Israelism	Template:Listref^[37]Template:Rp Template:Listref Template:Listref Template:Listref^[38]Template:Rp
Christian Reformed Church in North America	Gijsbert Haan	1857 Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	Reformed Presbyterian	Template:Listref Template:Listref
Christian Science, a.k.a. Church of Christ, Scientist	Mary Baker Eddy	1876 Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	Christianity Faith healing New Thought	Template:Listref Template:Listref^[39]
Christian World Liberation Front, a.k.a. the Spiritual Counterfeits Project	Jack Sparks, Fred Dyson, & Pat Matrisciana	1969 Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	Fundamentalist Christianity Millenarianism	Template:Listref Template:Listref
Church of All Worlds	Tim Zell & Lance Christie	1962 Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	Witchcraft Modern Pagan	Template:Listref Template:Listref Template:Listref
Church of Aphrodite (defunct)	Gleb Botkin	1938 Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	Modern Pagan Goddess movement	Template:Listref Template:Listref
Church of Bible Understanding	Stewart Traill	1971 Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	Adventism Fundamentalist Christianity	Template:Listref Template:Listref Template:Listref
Church of Euthanasia	Chris Korda & Robert Kimberk	1992 Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	Parody religion	^[40]
Church of Daniel's Band		1893 Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	Non-Episcopal Methodism	Template:Listref Template:Listref
Church of Divine Science	Malinda Cramer	1888 Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	New Thought Faith healing	Template:Listref
Church of God in Christ	Charles Harrison Mason	1908 Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	Pentecostal	Template:Listref Template:Listref
The Church of God (Jerusalem Acres)	Grady R. Kent	1957 Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	White Trinitarian Holiness movement Pentecostal	Template:Listref Template:Listref
Church of God Mountain Assembly	J.H. Parks, Steve N. Bryant, Tom Moses and William O. Douglas	1906 Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".		Template:Listref Template:Listref
Church of God of Prophecy	Ambrose Tomlinson	1903 Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".		Template:Listref Template:Listref
Church of God with Signs Following	George Went Hensley	1920s Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	Holiness-Pentecostal	Template:Listref Template:Listref
Church of Israel	Dan Gayman	1974 Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	British Israelism	Template:Listref Template:Listref
Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints	Joseph Smith	1830 Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	Latter-day Saint movement-Millenarian
Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints (Strangite)	Joseph Smith James Strang	1844 Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	Latter-day Saint movement	^[41]
The Church of Light	C.C. Zain	1932 Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	neo-Hermetism	Template:Listref^[42]Template:Rp
Church of Satan	Anton LaVey	1966 Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	Satanic	Template:Listref Template:Listref Template:Listref
Church of the SubGenius	J.R. "Bob" Dobbs	1979 Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	Parody
Church of the Creator	Grace Marama URI	1969 Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	Liberal family	Template:Listref
Church of the Flying Spaghetti Monster or Pastafarianism	Bobby Henderson	2005 Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	Parody	^[43]^[44]
Church of the Living Word, a.k.a. The Walk	John Robert Stevens	1954 Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	Fundamentalist Occult	Template:Listref Template:Listref
Church of the Lord (Aladura)	Josiah Ositelu	1930 Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	Pentecostal Family	Template:Listref Template:Listref
Church of World Messianity	Mokichi Okada	1934 Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	Shinto Faith healing	Template:Listref Template:Listref Template:Listref
Church Universal and Triumphant	Mark Prophet, Elizabeth Clare (Wolf) Prophet	1958 Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	Theosophical Occult	Template:Listref Template:Listref Template:Listref
Collegiate Association for the Research of Principles, also known as CARP	Sun Myung Moon	1955 Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	Unification Church	^[45] Template:Listref^[46]
Commandment Keepers: Holy Church of the Living God	Arnold Josiah Ford	1924 Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	Black Judaism	Template:Listref Template:Listref Template:Listref
Community Chapel and Bible Training Center	Donald Lee Barnett	1967 Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	Latter Rain Pentecostal	Template:Listref Template:Listref
Concerned Christians	Monte Kim Miller	1980s Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".		Template:Listref^[47]
Conservative Judaism	Sabato Morais, Marcus Jastrow, H. Pereira Mendes	1887 Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	Rabbinic Judaism	Template:Listref Template:Listref Template:Listref
Core Shamanism, The Foundation for Shamanic Studies	Michael Harner	1980 Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	Neoshamanism	Template:Listref^[48]
Covenant of the Goddess	merger	1975 Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	Goddess Neopagan witchcraft Modern Pagan Wiccan	Template:Listref Template:Listref Template:Listref Template:Sfn
Covenant of Unitarian Universalist Pagans	Margot Adler	1987 Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	Neopagan witchcraft Modern Pagan	Template:Listref Template:Listref Template:Listref
The Covenant, the Sword, and the Arm of the Lord	James D. Ellison	1970s, mid Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	British Israelism	Template:Listref Template:Listref Template:Listref
Creativity	Ben Klassen	1970s, early Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	Pantheism, Agnostic Atheism, White Racialism	^[49]
Crossroads Movement		1970s Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".		Template:Listref Template:Listref
Cyberchurches		2000s, early Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	Non-denominational Christian	Template:Listref
Dalit Buddhist Movement, a.k.a. Navayana Buddhism	B.R. Ambedkar	1956 Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	Neo-Buddhism	Template:Sfn ^[50]
Dances of Universal Peace	Samuel L. Lewis	1968 Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".		^[51]
Diamond Way	Ole Nydahl	1972 Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	Tibetan Buddhism, New Age,	^[52]^[53]
Dianic Wicca	merger	1971 Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	Neopagan witchcraft Modern Pagan Goddess Wiccan	Template:Listref Template:Listref
Discordianism	Greg Hill, Kerry Wendell Thornley	1963 Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	Absurdism Greek Mythology	^[54]
Eastern Lightning, a.k.a. the Church of Almighty God	Yang Xiangbin, Zhao Weishan	1991 Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	Chinese house churches	^[55]Template:Rp^[56]Template:Rp^[57]Template:Rp^[55]^[56]Template:Rp
Eckankar or ECK	Paul Twitchell	1965/1971 Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	Derived from Radha Soami, but denies connection	Template:Listref Template:Listref Template:Listref Template:Listref
Efficacious Spirit Teachings, a.k.a. Spirit Church and The Lingling Sect	Hua Xuehe	1986 Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	Pentecostalism	^[58]Template:Rp^[59]Template:Rp^[58]Template:Rp^[60]Template:Rp
Elan Vital, formerly Divine Light Mission	Hans Ji Maharaj	1920s Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	Derived from Sant Mat, but denies connection	Template:Listref Template:Listref Template:Listref Template:Listref^[26]Template:Rp^[61]Template:Rp
Emin	Raymond Armin	1971 Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	New Age
End Time Survivors Jesus Christians	David McKay	1981	Fundamentalist Millennialism	^[62]^[63]
Esoteric Nazism		1940s, late Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	Occult Western esotericism	^[12]^[64]Template:Rp
Est (Erhard Seminars Training)	Werner Erhard	1981 Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	Human Potential Movement Self religions	^[65]^[66]Template:Rp^[67]^[68]Template:Rp^[4]Template:Rp^[69] Template:Listref^[2]Template:Rp^[26]Template:Rp
Evangelical Association of the Israelite Mission of the New Universal Covenant	Ezequiel Ataucusi Gamonal	1968 Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	Syncretistic Messianic Judaism-Indigenist	^[70]
Evangelical Methodist Church	J.H. Hamblen	1946 Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	Non-Episcopal Methodist	Template:Listref Template:Listref
Falun Gong	Li Hongzhi	1992 Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	Qigong movement	Template:Listref^[71]
The Family, a.k.a. Santiniketan Park Association & Great White Brotherhood	Anne Hamilton-Byrne	1963 Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	New Age	^[72]
Family International, previously the Children of God, the Family of Love and the Family	David Berg	1968 Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	Fundamentalist, Jesus movement, countercultural evangelical	Template:Listref Template:Listref^[73]^[26]Template:Rp^[73]
Fellowship of Isis	Olivia Robertson	1976 Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	Modern Pagan Goddess	Template:Listref Template:Listref
Fellowships of the Remnant	Denver Snuffer Jr.	2013 Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	Latter-day Saint Movement
Feraferia	Frederick Adams	1967 Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	Modern Pagan Goddess	Template:Sfn
Feri Tradition	Victor Henry Anderson, Cora Anderson	1960, circa Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	Goddess Neopagan witchcraft Modern Pagan Wiccan	Template:Sfn
Findhorn Foundation	Eileen Caddy, Peter Caddy, Alexis Edwards, Roger Benson	1963 Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	Christian-Anthroposophistical-Rosicrucian	Template:Listref Template:Listref
Fire Baptized Holiness Church of God of the Americas	W.E. Fuller	1898 Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	Black Trinitarian Pentecostal	Template:Listref Template:Listref
First Satanic Church	Karla LaVey	1997 Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	Satanic	^[74]Template:Rp
Followers of Christ	Marion Reece (or Riess)	1800s, late Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	Unclassified Pentecostal	Template:Listref^[75]
Fourth Way	George Gurdjieff	1913–1916 Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	Esoteric Esoteric Sufism	Template:Listref^[12]Template:Rp Template:Listref
Fraternitas Rosae Crucis	Paschal Beverly Randolph	1858 Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	Rosicrucianism	Template:Listref Template:Listref
Fraternity of the Inner Light	Dion Fortune	1924 Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	neo-Hermeticism Esoteric Christianity	Template:Listref
Freedomites		1902 Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".		Template:Listref
Fundamentalist Christianity		1800s, late Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	Christian	Template:Listref
Fundamentalist Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-Day Saints	Lorin C. Woolley	1929 Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	Latter-day Saint Movement	^[76]
General Church of the New Jerusalem	schism	1890 Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	Swedenborgianism	Template:Listref Template:Listref
The Genesis II Church of Health and Healing	Jim Humble	2009/2010 Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	UFO-New Age inspired Pseudoscience	^[77]^[78]^[79]^[80]
Gentle Wind Project	John "Tubby" Miller and Mary "Moe" Miller	1980 Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	Spiritualism	^[81]
Ghost Dance	Wovoka	1889 Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	Native American Indigenist Fundamentalist	Template:Sfn Template:Listref
Global Peace Foundation	Hyun Jin Moon	2007 Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	Unification Church	^[82]^[83]
Goddess movement		1960s,late Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	Modern Pagan	Template:Listref Template:Sfn
Godianism, a.k.a. Chiism	K.O.K. Onyioha	1949 Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	African Indigenist Modern Pagan	Template:Listref
Grail Movement	Oskar Ernst Bernhardt	1924 Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	Syncretistic Christian New Age Channeling	Template:Listref Template:Listref
Hanuman Foundation	Richard Alpert (Ram Dass)	1974/1980 Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	Neo-Hindu	Template:Listref Template:Listref Template:Listref Template:Listref
Happy Science (Kofuku-no-Kagaku)	Ryuho Okawa	1986 Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	Japanese	^[84]
Heaven's Gate formerly Human Individual Metamorphosis and Total Overcomers Anonymous	Marshall Herff Applewhite, Bonnie Lu Nettles	1973 Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	Syncretistic Christian New Age UFO religion	^[85]^[86]Template:Rp^[85]^[87]Template:Rp
Hikari no Wa	Fumihiro Joyu	2007 Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	Aum Shinrikyo	^[88]Template:Rp
Himalayan Institute of Yoga Science and Philosophy	Swami Rama	1971 Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	Hindu	Template:Listref Template:Listref Template:Listref
House of Israel	David Hill a.k.a. Rabbi Edward Washington	1972 Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	Black Hebrew Israelites	^[89]
Humanistic Judaism	Sherwin Wine	1965 Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	Nontheistic Rabbinic Judaism	Template:Listref
Human Sacrifices Sect of Nacozari	Silvia Meraz	2009 Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	Santa Muerte	^[90]
Huna	Max Freedom Long	1936 Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	New Thought New Age Hawaiian religion	Template:Listref
I AM Activity	Guy Ballard, Edna Anne Wheeler Ballard	1930s, early Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	Neo-Theosophical	Template:Listref Template:Listref
Iglesia ni Cristo	Felix Manalo	1913, formally 1914 Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	Restorationism Nontrinitarian Fundamentalist	Template:Listref
Independent Fundamental Churches of America	R. Lee Kirkland	1922 Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	Unaffiliated Fundamentalist	Template:Listref Template:Listref
Indian Shaker Church	John and Marry Slocum	1881 Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	Native American and Christian	Template:Sfn
Insight Meditation Society	Jack Kornfield, Sharon Salzberg, Joseph Goldstein	1976 Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	Theravada	Template:Listref Template:Listref
International Society for Krishna Consciousness (ISKCON), Template:A.k.a. Hare Krishna movement	A.C. Bhaktivedanta Swami Prabhupada	1966 Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	Hindu	Template:Listref
International House of Prayer, a.k.a. IHOP or IHOPKC	Mike Bickle	1999 Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	Charismatic Movement Post-tribulational Historic premillennialism
International Church of the Foursquare Gospel	Aimee Semple McPherson	1923 Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	White Trinitarian Pentecostal	Template:Listref Template:Listref
International Community of Christ, Template:A.k.a. Church of the Second Advent (CSA) and Jamilians	Eugene Douglas Savoy	1972 Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	New Age	Template:Listref
Iriadamant	Pierre Doris Maltais	1973 Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	Animism Native American Spiritual ecology	^[91]
Isha Foundation	Jaggi Vasudev	1992 Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	Hindu	^[92]
ISKCON Revival Movement (IRM)	?	2000 Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	Neo-Hindu ISKCON	Template:Listref
Ivanovism (the Ivanovites)	Porfiry Ivanov	1933 Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	Syncretistic Modern Pagan Slavic Native Faith	^[93]Template:Rp
Jediism		2000s Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	Star Wars-inspired New Age	^[94]Template:Rp^[94]Template:Rp
Jehovah's Witnesses	Charles Taze Russell	1870 Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	Adventist Bible Students Nontrinitarian	Template:Listref Template:Listref
Jesus Army, Template:A.k.a. "Jesus Fellowship Church" and "Bugbrooke Jesus Fellowship"	Noel Stanton	1977 Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	Fundamentalist Communal	^[9]Template:Rp Template:Listref
Jesus Movement		1960s, late Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	Fundamentalist	Template:Listref Template:Listref^[95]
Jewish Renewal	Zalman Schachter-Shalomi	1970s, mid Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	Neo-Hasidic Rabbinic Judaism Syncretistic	^[27]Template:Rp
Jews for Jesus	Moishe Rosen	1970 Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	Fundamentalist Messianic Judaism	Template:Listref Template:Listref
John Frum		1936 Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	Syncretistic Millenarian	Template:Listref Template:Listref
Kabbalah Centre	Philip Berg	1970s Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	Kabbalist New Age	Template:Listref
Karma Triyana Dharmachakra	the 16th Gyalwa Karmapa	1976 Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	Tibetan Buddhism	Template:Listref Template:Listref
Keetoowah Society	Redbird Smith (co-founder)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	1858 Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	Native American Indigenist	Template:Sfn
Kemetic Orthodoxy	Tamara Siuda	1988 Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	Modern Pagan Polytheistic reconstructionism Kemetic	^[96]
Kerista	John Presmont	1956 Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	Communal—After 1960	Template:Listref Template:Listref
Kopimism	Isak Gerson	2012 Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	Internet religion
Konkokyo	Bunjirō Kawate	1859 Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	Japanese Shinto	Template:Listref Template:Listref
Krishnamurti Foundations	Jiddu Krishnamurti	1928 Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	Neo-Theosophical Universalism	^[97]
Kripalu Center (Kirpalu)	Amrit Desai	1966 Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	Hindu	Template:Listref Template:Listref
Lama Foundation	Steve Durkee	1967 Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	Communal	Template:Listref Template:Listref
Latter Day Saint movement (Mormonism)	Joseph Smith	1830 Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	Christian restorationism	Template:Listref Template:Listref
Latter Rain Movement	George Hawtin, Percy Hunt	1946 Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	Millenarian Pentecostal	Template:Listref Template:Listref
Laymen's Home Missionary Movement	Paul S.L. Johnson	1920, circa Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	Adventist Bible Students	Template:Listref Template:Listref
Lectorium Rosicrucianum	Jan van Rijckenborgh; Zwier Willem Leene; Catharose de Petri	1924 Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	Rosicrucianism	Template:Listref Template:Listref Template:Listref
The Living Word Fellowship	John Robert Stevens	1951 Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	Latter Rain Pentecostal	Template:Listref^[98]
Local Church movement	Ni Shu-tsu (Watchman Nee)	1920s Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	Independent Fundamentalist Bible Students	Template:Listref Template:Listref
Longhouse Religion	Handsome Lake alias Sganyodaiyoˀ	1797 Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	Native American Indigenist	Template:Sfn
Love Family, a.k.a. the Church of Jesus Christ at Armageddon and Love Israel	Paul Erdman	1969 Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	Communal	Template:Listref Template:Listref
Love Has Won	Amy Carlson	2005, circa Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	New Age	^[99]^[100]
Lumpa Church	Alice Lenshina	1953 Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	African initiated church	^[101]
Mahikari	Kotama Okada	1959 Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	Shinto	Template:Listref Template:Listref
Makasol (Wind Nation), a.k.a. Paliau movement	Paliau Maloat	1970s, circa Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	Papuan Indigenist Millenarian countercultural	Template:Listref
Manson Family	Charles Manson	1967 Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	Millenarianism	^[102]
Maranatha Campus Ministries	Bob Weiner	1972 Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	Pentecostal	Template:Listref Template:Listref
Martinus' Spiritual Science	Martinus Thomsen	1932 Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	Esoteric	^[103]^[104]^[105]
Mata Amritanandamayi Math	Mata Amritanandamayi	1981 Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	Neo-Hindu	Template:Listref Template:Listref
Mazdaznan	Otoman Zar-Adusht Ha'nish	1902 Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	Zoroastrianism	Template:Listref Template:Listref
Meher Baba followers	Merwan Sheriar Irani	1921 Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	Hindu-inspired	Template:Listref^[61]
Mespilism		2000s Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	Buddhism, Paganism, New Age, Syncretism, Humanism	^[106]
Messianic Judaism		1960s Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	Judeo-Christian	Template:Listref Template:Listref
Million Man March	Louis Farrakhan	1995 Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	Nation of Islam	^[107]Template:Rp
Mita Congregation	Juanita García Peraza	1940 Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	Deliverance Pentecostal	Template:Listref Template:Listref
Modekngei (Ngara Modekngei)	Tamadad from Chol	1915, circa Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	Syncretistic Christian-Indigenous	^[108]
Monastic Order of Avallon	Henri Hillion de Coatmoc'han	1972 Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	Modern Pagan	^[109]
Moody Church	Dwight L. Moody	1864 Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	Fundamentalist Evangelical	Template:Listref Template:Listref
Moorish Science Temple of America	Timothy Drew	1925 Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	Black Islam	Template:Listref Template:Listref
Moral Re-Armament	Frank N.D. Buchman	1921 Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".		Template:Listref Template:Listref
Movement for the Restoration of the Ten Commandments of God	Credonia Mwerinde, Joseph Kibweteere	1989 Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	Catholicism	^[110]Template:Rp^[110]Template:Rp^[110]Template:Rp
Movement of Spiritual Inner Awareness	John-Roger Hinkins	1971 Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	Syncretistic Sant Mat and Eckankar-influenced	Template:Listref Template:Listref Template:Listref Template:Listref
Namdhari	Balak Singh	1800s, mid Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	Sikh	Template:Listref Template:Listref
Narcosatánicos	Adolfo Constanzo	1985 Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	Palo	^[111]
Nation of Islam	Elijah Muhammad	1930s, mid Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	Black Islam UFO religion	Template:Listref^[112]
Nation of Yahweh	Hulon Mitchell, Jr.	1970s Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	Black Judaism	Template:Listref Template:Listref^[113]Template:Rp
National Spiritualist Association of Churches	Harrison D. Barrett, James M. Peebles, Cora L. Richmond	1893 Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	Spiritualism	Template:Listref Template:Listref
Native American Church, a.k.a. Peyotism	Quanah Parker	1800–19th century Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	Native American Indigenist Entheogen groups	Template:Sfn Template:Listref Template:Listref
Native Ukrainian National Faith, a.k.a. RUNVira or Sylenkoism	Lev Sylenko	1960s, mid Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	Modern Pagan Slavic Native Faith	^[93]Template:Rp
Neo-charismatic movement		1980s, early Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	Charismatic Christian Nondenominational Christian	^[34]Template:Rp
Neo-Hinduism or Reform Hinduism		1830, circa Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	Hindu	Template:Listref
Néo-Phare	Arnaud Mussy	2001 Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	Esoteric, apocalyptic	^[114]
New Acropolis (Nouvelle Acropole)	Jorge Ángel Livraga Rizzi	1957 Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	Neo-Theosophical Western esotericism	Template:Listref^[115]Template:Rp
New Apostolic Church	Heinrich Geyer	1863 Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	Catholic Apostolic Church Unclassified Christian Churches	Template:Listref Template:Listref
New Kadampa Tradition	Geshe Kelsang Gyatso	1970s, mid Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	Tibetan Buddhism	Template:Listref^[116]Template:Rp
The New Message from God	Marshall Vian Summers	1992 Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	UFO religion	^[117]^[118]
New Reformed Orthodox Order of the Golden Dawn		1969 Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	Hermetic Order of the Golden Dawn Witchcraft Modern Pagan	Template:Listref Template:Listref
New Thought	Phineas Parkhurst Quimby	1800s, mid Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	Metaphysical Faith healing	Template:Listref Template:Listref Template:Listref
Noahidism		1990s Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	Orthodox Judaism-inspired	^[119]^[120]^[121]Template:Rp
Nuwaubian Nation or United Nuwaubian Nation of Moors	Dwight York	1967 Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	UFO religion, New Age, Christian, Jewish, Black supremacist	^[122]^[123]
Oahspe Faithists	John Ballou Newbrough	1882 Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	UFO religion	^[124]
Odinism	Orestes Brownson	1848 Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	Modern Pagan	^[125]
Oneida Community	John Humphrey Noyes		Perfectionism	^[126]
Oneness Movement a.k.a. Oneness University	Kalki Bhagawan	1989 Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	Indian religions-inspired New Age Neo-Hindu 2012 phenomenon-inspired	^[127]
Oomoto	Nao Deguchi	1899 Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	Japanese Shinto-Millenarian	Template:Listref Template:Listref
Open Bible Standard Churches	merger	1935 Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	White Trinitarian Pentecostal	Template:Listref Template:Listref
Opus Dei Template:Rp	Saint Josemaría Escrivá de Balaguer	1928 Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	Roman Catholic	^[128]^[129]Template:Rp^[130]^[131]Template:Rp Template:Listref^[26]Template:Rp^[132]
Order of the Solar Temple	Joseph Di Mambro, Luc Jouret	1984 Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	Rosicrucian	^[110]Template:Rp^[110]Template:Rp^[110]
Ordo Templi Orientis (O.T.O.)	Carl Kellner; Theodor Reuss	1895/1906 Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	Western esotericism Neo-Hermetism Thelema	Template:Listref Template:Listref
Pentecostal Church of God		1919 Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	Pentecostal	^[34]^[15]Template:Rp Template:Listref
Pentecostalism		1900s Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	Charismatic Christian	^[34] Template:Listref
People Unlimited, also known as Eternal Flame Foundation, People Forever, and CBJ	Charles Paul Brown, Bernadeane Brown, James Russell Strole	1982 Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	Immortalism, Christianity	Template:Listref^[133]
Peoples Temple	Jim Jones	1955 Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	Psychic-New Age	Template:Listref Template:Listref^[134]
Philosophical Research Society	Manly Palmer Hall	1934 Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	Occult	Template:Listref Template:Listref
Pilgrims of Arès	Michel Potay	1974 Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".		^[135]
Plymouth Brethren	John Nelson Darby	1830 Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	evangelical Millenarian	Template:Listref Template:Listref Template:Listref
Potter's House also known as: Christian Fellowship Ministries (CFM), The Door, Victory Chapel, Christian Center, Crossroads Chapel, etc.	Wayman Mitchell	1970 Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	Pentecostal	Template:Listref
The Process Church of the Final Judgment	Mary Ann MacLean and Robert de Grimston	1963 Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	Satanism	^[136]Template:Rp
Quiverfull	Mary Pride	1985 Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	Christian Natalism	^[137]
Radha Soami, also Radhasoami Movement or Sant Mat movement	Shiv Dayal Singh	1861 Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	Sikh-derived or Syncretistic Sikh-Hindu or Sant Mat-inspired	Template:Listref Template:Listref Template:Listref
Radha Soami Satsang Beas	Baba Jaimal Singh	1891 Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	Sant Mat Radha Soami	Template:Listref Template:Listref Template:Listref Template:Listref
Radha Soami Satsang Dayalbagh	Kamta Prasad Sinha	1907 Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	Radha Soami	Template:Listref
Raëlism, Template:A.k.a. Raëlian Church	Claude Vorilhon (Rael)	1973/1974 Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	UFO religion	Template:Listref Template:Listref Template:Listref
Rainbow Family, Template:A.k.a. Rainbow Coalition	Barry Adams or Jesse Jackson	1960s, late Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	Communal Afro-American	Template:Listref Template:Listref Template:Listref
Rajneesh movement, Template:A.k.a. Osho movement	Rajneesh Chandra Mohan	1966 Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	Indian religions-inspired Syncretistic	Template:Listref Template:Listref Template:Listref Template:Listref
Ramakrishna Mission, Template:A.k.a. Ramakrishna movement or Vedanta Society	Swami Vivekananda	1897 Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	Neo-Hindu Neo-Vedanta	Template:Listref Template:Listref Template:Listref^[138]Template:Rp
Ramtha's School of Enlightenment	J.Z. Knight	1977 Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	New Age	^[139]^[140]^[141]
Rastafari	Leonard Howell, Joseph Hibbert, Archibald Dunkley, Robert Hinds	1920s/1935 Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	Jewish and Christian-influenced Afro-centric	Template:Listref Template:Listref Template:Listref^[142]
Reconstructionist Judaism	Mordecai Kaplan	1922 Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	Rabbinic Judaism	Template:Listref
Reform Judaism, Template:A.k.a. Progressive or Liberal Judaism	Isaac Harby; Isaac M. Wise; others	1820s Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	Rabbinic Judaism	Template:Listref
Reformed Druids of North America		1960s Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	Modern Pagan	Template:Listref Template:Listref
Reiki, also Usui Shiko Ryoho System of Healing	Mikao Usui	1922 Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	Energy medicine Japanese Buddhism	Template:Listref
Religious Science	Ernest Holmes	1948 Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	New Thought	Template:Listref Template:Listref
Ringing Cedars' Anastasianism	Vladimir Megre	1997 Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	Syncretistic Modern Pagan Slavic Native Faith	^[143]Template:Rp
Risshō Kōsei Kai	Nikkyo Niwano, Myoko Naganuma	1938 Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	Nichiren Buddhist	Template:Listref^[144]
The Rosicrucian Fellowship	Carl Louis von Grasshof	1909 Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	Rosicrucianism	Template:Listref Template:Listref
Ruhani Satsang, Template:A.k.a. Kirpal Light Satsang	Kirpal Singh	1948 Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	Radha Soami	Template:Listref Template:Listref
Sacred Name Movement	Clarence Orvil Dodd	1930s Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	Judeo-Christian (Judaizers) Nontrinitarian Church of God (Seventh-Day)	Template:Listref Template:Listref
Sadharan Brahmo Samaj	Anandamohan Bose, Sivanath Sastri, Umesh Chandra Dutta	1878 Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	Brahmoism	^[28]Template:Rp
Sahaja Yoga	Shri Mataji Nirmala Devi	1970 Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	Neo-Hindu	Template:Listref Template:Listref^[145]
Saiva Siddhanta Church	Subramuniy	1957 Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	Hindu	Template:Listref Template:Listref Template:Listref
The Salvation Army	William Booth	1865 Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	Holiness movement	Template:Listref Template:Listref
Saminism, Samin movementTemplate:Rp	Samin Surosentiko	1889 Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	Abrahamic religions Indigenist	^[146]Template:Rp^[147]Template:Rp
Sant Nirankari Mission	Baba Buta Singh Ji	1929, formally 1947 Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	Sikh Nirankari	Template:Listref Template:Listref
Santa Muerte Cult		1940s, late (or earlier)^[148] Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	Syncretic Folk Catholic	^[149]
Sathya Sai Baba movement or Sai Baba movement	Sathya Sai Baba	1950 Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	Neo-Hindu	Template:Listref Template:Listref
Santo Daime	Mestre Irineu	1930s Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	Folk Catholic Spiritism Neoshamanic Entheogen groups	Template:Sfn
The Satanic Temple	Lucien Greaves, Malcolm Jarry	2012 Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	Satanic Nontheistic	^[150]^[151]^[152]^[153]^[154]
Science of Identity Foundation (SIF)	Chris Butler alias Jagad Guru Siddhaswarupananda	1977 Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	Neo-Hindu ISKCON	Template:Listref
Scientology	L. Ron Hubbard	1955 Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	UFO-Psychic New Age	^[155]^[156] Template:Listref Template:Listref^[26]Template:Rp^[157]
Sekta Niebo	Bogdana Kacmajora	1990 Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	Christian	^[158]
Seicho-no-Ie	Masaharu Taniguchi, Fenwicke Holmes	1930 Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	Japanese Religious Science-Shinto	^[84] Template:Listref
Self-Realization Fellowship	Paramahansa Yogananda	1935 Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	Neo-Hindu	Template:Listref Template:Listref Template:Listref
Semitic Neopaganism	Raphael Patai	1960s Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	Modern Pagan Polytheistic reconstructionism Feminism	^[159]
Seventh-day Adventist Church	Ellen G. White; Joseph Bates	1860 Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	Adventist Millerite Seventh-day Sabbatarian	Template:Listref Template:Listref
Seventh-day Adventist Reform Movement	schism	1925 Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	Seventh-day Adventist	Template:Listref Template:Listref
Shakers	Ann Lee	1750s Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	Communal—Before 1960	Template:Listref Template:Listref
Shengdao, a.k.a. Tongshanshe	Peng Tairong (Ruzun)	1900s, early Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	Chinese salvationist	^[160]Template:Rp
Shepherd's Rod, a.k.a. the Davidians, officially, the Davidian Seventh-day Adventist Association	Victor T. Houteff	1935 Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	Seventh-day Adventist	Template:Listref Template:Listref
Shiloh Youth Revival Centers	John J. Higgins, Jr.	1969 Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	Communal—After 1960	Template:Listref Template:Listref
Shincheonji Church of Jesus	Lee Man-hee	1984 Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	Christian	^[161]
Shinji Shumeikai, Template:A.k.a. Shumei	Mihoko Koyama	1970 Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	Church of World Messianity Faith healing	^[84]
Shinnyo-en	Shinjo Ito, Tomoji Ito	1936 Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	Japanese Japanese Buddhism	Template:Listref Template:Listref
Shinreikyo	Kanichi Otsuka	1950, circa Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	Japanese Shinto Syncretistic	Template:Listref Template:Listref
Shouters	Li Changshou	1965 Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	Christianity	^[58]Template:Rp^[58]
Shri Ram Chandra Mission	Shri Ram Chandraji Maharaj	1945 Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	Hindu	^[162]
Slavic Native Faith, a.k.a. Rodnovery or Slavic Neopaganism	Władysław Kołodziej, Jan Stachniuk	1920–30s Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	Modern Pagan Polytheistic reconstructionism	^[93]Template:Rp^[163]
Slavic-Hill Rodnovery	Aleksandr Belov	1980s Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	Modern Pagan Slavic Native Faith	^[163]Template:Rp
Soka Gakkai International	Tsunesaburo Makiguchi	1930 Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	Japanese Nichiren Buddhism	Template:Listref Template:Listref^[164]
Spiritualism	Kate and Margaret Fox	1848 Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	Psychic-Mediumship Metaphysical	Template:Listref^[165]Template:Rp
Subud (Susila Budhi Dharma)	Muhammed Subuh	1933 Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	Kejawèn neo-Sufism	Template:Listref Template:Listref^[146]Template:Rp Template:Listref Template:Listref
Sufi Ruhaniat International	Samuel L. Lewis	1968 Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	neo-Sufism	Template:Listref Template:Listref
Sukyo Mahikari	Keishu Okada	1978 Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	Japanese Mahikari Syncretistic	Template:Listref Template:Listref
Summum	Claude Rex Nowell	1975 Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	Unclassified Christian	Template:Listref Template:Listref
Sun Dance		1890 Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	Native American Indigenist	Template:Sfn
Syntheism	Alexander Bard	2012 Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	Pantheist Humanist Netocratic	^[166]
Temple of Set	Michael A. Aquino	1975 Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	Satanism Theism	^[167]
Temple of Zeus	Andrea Maxine Dietrich	2002 Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	Satanism Polytheism	^[143]Template:Rp
Tenrikyo	Miki Nakayama	1838 Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	Japanese Shinto	Template:Listref Template:Listref
Tensegrity	Carlos Castaneda	1995 Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	Neoshamanism New Age	^[48] Template:Listref
Terasem	Martine Rothblatt	2004 Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	Transhumanism	^[168]
Thelema, a.k.a. the A∴A∴ order	Aleister Crowley	1900s, early Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	Occult neo-Hermetism Western esotericism	^[12]Template:Rp
Theosophy or Theosophical Society, a.k.a. 1882 as Theosophical Society Adyar	Helena Petrovna Blavatsky, Henry Steel Olcott, William Quan Judge	1875 Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	Occult Eastern and Western esotericism	^[12]Template:Rp^[169] Template:Listref Template:Listref^[169]
Theosophical Society Pasadena	William Quan Judge	1895 Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	Theosophical	^[169]Template:Rp Template:Listref
Tolstoyan primitivism	Leo Tolstoy	1901 Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	Christian anarchism Pacifism	^[170]Template:Rp^[170]Template:Rp
Toronto Blessing	Randy Clark	1994 Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	Neo-charismatic	^[9]Template:Rp Template:Sfn
Transcendental Meditation (TM)	Maharishi Mahesh Yogi	1958 Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	Neo-Hindu-inspired	Template:Listref Template:Listref
Triratna Buddhist Community (formerly Friends of the Western Buddhist Order)	Sangharakshita (Dennis Lingwood)	1967 Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	Neo-Buddhism	^[171]
True Buddha School	Lu Sheng-yen	1980s, late Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	Tibetan Buddhism Taoism	^[172]
True Russian Orthodox Church	Pyotr Kuznetsov	2007 Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	Russian Orthodoxy Apocalypticism	^[173]
Twelve Tribes	Gene and Marsha Spriggs	1972 Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	Messianic Jewish Communal—After 1960	Template:Listref Template:Listref
Two by Twos, a.k.a. Cooneyites, Christian Conventions, the Workers and Friends, the Truth, etc.	William Irvine Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	1897 Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	Independent fundamentalist family	Template:Listref Template:Listref Template:Listref^[174]
Umbanda	Zélio Fernandino de Moraes	1920 Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	Spiritism	Template:Listref^[175]
Unarius Academy of Science	Ernest Norman, Ruth Norman	1954 Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	UFO Religion	Template:Listref
União do Vegetal	Mestre Gabriel	1961 Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	Spiritism Neoshamanic Entheogen groups	Template:Sfn
Unification Church, a.k.a. the Moonies	Sun Myung Moon	1954 Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	Syncretistic Christian	Template:Listref Template:Listref
Unitarian Universalism	consolidation	1961 Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	Unitarian Universalism	Template:Listref Template:Listref
United Holy Church of America	Isaac Cheshier	1900 Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	Black Trinitarian Pentecostal	Template:Listref Template:Listref
United House of Prayer for All People	Marcelino Manoel de Graca	1925 Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	African American Pentecostal	Template:Listref Template:Listref
United Israel World Union	David Horowitz	1944 Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	Other Jewish Groups	Template:Listref Template:Listref
United Lodge of Theosophists	Robert Crosbie	1909 Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	Theosophical	Template:Listref Template:Listref
United Pentecostal Church International	merger	1945 Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	Apostolic Pentecostals	Template:Listref Template:Listref
Unity Church	Charles Fillmore and Myrtle Fillmore	1889/1903 Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	New Thought-Christian	Template:Listref Template:Listref
Universal Great Brotherhood	Serge Raynaud de la Ferriere	1940s, late Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	Other Theosophical Groups	Template:Listref Template:Listref
Universal Life Church	Kirby Hensley	1962 Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	Liberal Family	Template:Listref Template:Listref
Universal White Brotherhood	Peter Deunov	1900 Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	Other Theosophical Groups Esoteric Christianity	Template:Listref^[176]
Urantia Foundation	William S. Sadler	1934 Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	UFO religion Psychic New Age Christian occultist	Template:Listref Template:Listref Template:Listref
Vajradhatu	Chögyam Trungpa	1973 Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	Tibetan Buddhism	Template:Listref Template:Listref
Vale do Amanhecer	Tia Neiva	1959 Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	Spiritualism	^[177]
Volunteers of America	Ballington Booth, Maud Booth	1896 Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	Holiness	Template:Listref Template:Listref
Washat Dreamers Religion	Smohalla	1850 Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	Native American Indigenist	Template:Sfn
The Way International	Victor Paul Wierwille	1942 Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	Independent fundamentalist family	Template:Listref Template:Listref
The Way of the Livingness (Universal Medicine)	Serge Benhayon	1999 Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	Neo-Theosophical and/or "Socially harmful cult".	^[178]^[179]^[180]
White Eagle Lodge	Lady Elizabeth Carey	1943 Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	Other Theosophical Groups	Template:Listref Template:Listref
Wicca	Gerald Gardner	1949, circa Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	Pagan-influenced Syncretic New Age	^[12]Template:Rp Template:Listref Template:Listref
Wotansvolk	David Lane	1990s Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	neo-völkisch paganism	^[181]
The Word Foundation	Harold W. Percival	1904, circa Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	Theosophical	Template:Listref Template:Listref
World Peace and Unification Sanctuary Church	Hyung Jin Moon, Yeon Ah Lee Moon	2015 Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	Unification Church-based ultra-Orthodox/Fundamentalism	^[182]^[183]
Yiguandao	Wang Jueyi; Chang Thien Ran	1800s, late Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".	Chinese salvationist-Millenarian	^[160]Template:Rp Template:Listref

Bibliography

Main sources

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Other selected sources

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Script error: No such module "citation/CS1". | at Archive.org
Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
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References

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External links

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Diskus The on-disk journal of international Religious Studies
Hartford Institute of Religious Research: New religious movements
Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
Online texts about NRMs
SSSR Resolution on New Religious Groups
Hadden, Jeffrey K. and Douglas Cowan The New Religious Movements Homepage @The University of Virginia
Religious Movements in the United States: An Informal Introduction

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↑ ^a ^b Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
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↑ Omoyajowo 1995, pp. xv, 113.
↑ ^a ^b Script error: No such module "Citation/CS1".
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↑ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
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↑ Strmiska and Sigurvinsson 2005, pp. 127–180.
↑ ^a ^b ^c Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
↑ Script error: No such module "Citation/CS1".
↑ ^a ^b ^c Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
↑ Saliba, 2003, p. 171.
↑ Partridge, 2004, p. 261.
↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
↑ ^a ^b Encyclopædia Iranica 1989, "Babism".
↑ Template:Cite EB9
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↑ ^a ^b Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".Template:Self-published source
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↑ In 1955, Reverend Moon established the Collegiate Association for the Research of the Principle (CARP). CARP is now active on many campuses in the United States and has expanded to over eighty nations. This association of students promotes intercultural, interracial, and international cooperation through the Unification world view." [1] Template:Webarchive
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↑ Robinson 2005.
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↑ Van Bruinessen 2007, p. 258.
↑ https://info-buddhism.com/Ole_Nydahl_and_Diamond_Way_B_Scherer.html Neo-orthodox Tradition and Transition: Lama Ole Nydahl and the Diamond Way Bee Scherer, Professor of Religious Studies (Buddhism) and Gender Studies at Canterbury Christ Church University (U.K.)
↑ https://www.academia.edu/7782672/Conversion_Devotion_and_Trans_Mission_Understanding_Ole_Nydahl_in_T_Lewis_ed_2014_Buddhists_Understanding_Buddhism_Through_the_Lives_of_Practitioners_Blackwell_Wiley_London_pp_96_106 Conversion, Devotion and (Trans-)Mission: Understanding Ole Nydahl, in T Lewis (ed.) 2014, Buddhists: Understanding Buddhism Through the Lives of Practitioners, Blackwell Wiley, London, pp. 96-106.
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↑ See:
* Ramstedt 2007, p. 6. "How can one find a definition of 'New Age' that will serve to bring so many different features together? One major difficulty in defining 'New Age' is that different writers draw different boundaries. Paul Heelas, for example, includes a significant number of what he calls the 'self religions': groups like Landmark Forum (also known simply as The Forum, formerly est or Erhard Seminar Training) and Programmes Limited (formerly Exegesis). Some writers trace the New Age back to William Blake (1757–1827); others see it as originating in the 'hippie' counter-culture in the USA in the 1960s, while the scholar of the New Age, Wouter Hanegraaff, places it later still, regarding it as beginning in the second half of the 1970s."
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* Lewis 2004, p. 187. "These two opposing strategies of new religious movements for delivering compensators I will term 'compensation delivery systems' (CDS). The gradual CDS can best be described as religion as a multi-level marketing (MLM) tacticTemplate:Snd a term I take from the business world [...] Exemplars of new religious movements with a gradual CDS are Scientology and Erhard Seminar Training in its various manifestations."
* Saliba 2003, p. 88. "Many of the new religions attract individuals by the promise of peace of mind, spiritual well-being, gratifying experiences, and material success. In so doing they stress their concern for the individual and highlight one's personal worth and self-development. This is especially so in human growth movements such as Scientology, The Forum (previously known as Erhard Seminar Training [EST]), and qualsi-religious encounter groups."
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* Nelson 1987, p. 177. "Finally his study of EST (Erhard Systems Training) provides an insight into the work of the human potential movement which aims at self realisation."
* Puttick 2004, p. 406. "est was one of the most successful manifestations of the human potential movement (HPM) ..."
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↑ Lewis 2004, p. 195.
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↑ ^a ^b Melton 2009, p. 676.
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↑ Peters 2008, pp. 186–187.
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↑ Global Leadership Council Template:Webarchive
↑ Philippine Daily Inquirer 2008.
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↑ ^a ^b Partridge, 2004, p. 406.
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↑ Gallagher 2006, p. 86.
↑ Krogh 2004, p. 167.
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↑ Tucker 2004, pp. 360–362.
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↑ Hinfelaar, Hugo. "WOMEN'S REVOLT: THE LUMPA CHURCH OF LENSHINA MULENGA IN THE 1950S." Journal of Religion in Africa, v. 21 issue 2, 1991, pp. 99–129.
↑ Bugliosi, Vincent with Gentry, Curt. Helter Skelter — The True Story of the Manson Murders 25th Anniversary Edition, W.W. Norton & Company, 1994. Template:ISBN, Template:OCLC.
↑ Olav Hammer: Danish Esotericism in the 20th Century. The Case of Martinus. Amsterdam University Press 2009.
↑ Western Esotericism in Scandinavia. Edited by Henrik Bogdan and Olav Hammer.
↑ Byskov, Else: Death is an illusion. Paragon House 2002.
↑ https://pdfhost.io/v/51FVy2Zyz_mespilism_ebook Mespilism: The Way Of The Medlar
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↑ Marhic 1996, pp. 25–29.
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↑ Enroth 2005, p. 169.
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↑ Palmer, Susan. The Nuwaubian Nation: Black Spirituality and State Control (Farnham: Ashgate, 2010).
↑ Bailey, Julius H. "The Final Frontier: Secrecy, Identity, and the Media in the Rise and Fall of the United Nuwaubian Nation of Moors". Journal of the American Academy of Religion 74, no. 2 (2006): 302–23.
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↑ Goodrick-Clarke 2002, p. 257.
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↑ Gold 2004, p. 46.
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↑ Walsh 2004, pp. 174, 180–182.
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↑ Hayes 2006, pp. 16, 18–19
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↑ Reiterman 1982, pp. 49–52
↑ Mayer 2004, pp. 123–143.
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↑ Singer 1995, pp. 45, 120.
↑ York 2004, p. 105.
↑ Dawson 2006, p. 3.
↑ Partridge 2004, pp. 62–64.
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↑ Tamura 2001, pp. 203–204.
↑ INFORM 2001.
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↑ The Oxford Handbook of New Religious Movements, Volume 2; James R. Lewis, Inga B. Tollefsen; Oxford University Press, 2016; pgs. 441-453
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↑ Lewis 2003, p. 42.
↑ Reece 2007, pp. 182–186.
↑ Partridge 2003, pp. 188, 263–265.
↑ Beźnic Sz., Zbór Leczenia Duchem Świętym "Niebo", in: E.Barker, Nowe ruchy religijne, Nomos, Kraków 1997, p. 299–301.
↑ Raphael 1998, pp. 198–215.
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↑ Mayer 1993, p. 213.
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↑ Johnson, Benton in Klass and Weisgrau 1999, p. 377.
↑ Smith and Prokopy 2003, p. 279–280.
↑ (Fraternite Blanche Universelle) Mayer 1993, p. 370.
↑ Dawson 2007, pp. 48–49.
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[18] Saliba, 2003, p. 171.

[19] Partridge, 2004, p. 261.

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[Iranica_babism-21] Encyclopædia Iranica 1989, "Babism".

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[Reverend-46] In 1955, Reverend Moon established the Collegiate Association for the Research of the Principle (CARP). CARP is now active on many campuses in the United States and has expanded to over eighty nations. This association of students promotes intercultural, interracial, and international cooperation through the Unification world view." [1] Template:Webarchive

[47] Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".

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[Religioustolerance.org-49] Robinson 2005.

[50] Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".

[51] Van Bruinessen 2007, p. 258.

[52] ttps://info-buddhism.com/Ole_Nydahl_and_Diamond_Way_B_Scherer.html Neo-orthodox Tradition and Transition: Lama Ole Nydahl and the Diamond Way Bee Scherer, Professor of Religious Studies (Buddhism) and Gender Studies at Canterbury Christ Church University (U.K.)

[53] ttps://www.academia.edu/7782672/Conversion_Devotion_and_Trans_Mission_Understanding_Ole_Nydahl_in_T_Lewis_ed_2014_Buddhists_Understanding_Buddhism_Through_the_Lives_of_Practitioners_Blackwell_Wiley_London_pp_96_106 Conversion, Devotion and (Trans-)Mission: Understanding Ole Nydahl, in T Lewis (ed.) 2014, Buddhists: Understanding Buddhism Through the Lives of Practitioners, Blackwell Wiley, London, pp. 96-106.

[54] Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".

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[65] See:
* Ramstedt 2007, p. 6. "How can one find a definition of 'New Age' that will serve to bring so many different features together? One major difficulty in defining 'New Age' is that different writers draw different boundaries. Paul Heelas, for example, includes a significant number of what he calls the 'self religions': groups like Landmark Forum (also known simply as The Forum, formerly est or Erhard Seminar Training) and Programmes Limited (formerly Exegesis). Some writers trace the New Age back to William Blake (1757–1827); others see it as originating in the 'hippie' counter-culture in the USA in the 1960s, while the scholar of the New Age, Wouter Hanegraaff, places it later still, regarding it as beginning in the second half of the 1970s."

[aupers2005-66] Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".

[67] See:
* Lewis 2004, p. 187. "These two opposing strategies of new religious movements for delivering compensators I will term 'compensation delivery systems' (CDS). The gradual CDS can best be described as religion as a multi-level marketing (MLM) tacticTemplate:Snd a term I take from the business world [...] Exemplars of new religious movements with a gradual CDS are Scientology and Erhard Seminar Training in its various manifestations."
* Saliba 2003, p. 88. "Many of the new religions attract individuals by the promise of peace of mind, spiritual well-being, gratifying experiences, and material success. In so doing they stress their concern for the individual and highlight one's personal worth and self-development. This is especially so in human growth movements such as Scientology, The Forum (previously known as Erhard Seminar Training [EST]), and qualsi-religious encounter groups."

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[69] See"
* Nelson 1987, p. 177. "Finally his study of EST (Erhard Systems Training) provides an insight into the work of the human potential movement which aims at self realisation."
* Puttick 2004, p. 406. "est was one of the most successful manifestations of the human potential movement (HPM) ..."

[70] Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".

[71] Lewis 2004, p. 195.

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[Melton2009-676-73] Melton 2009, p. 676.

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[Peters2008-75] Peters 2008, pp. 186–187.

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[82] Global Leadership Council Template:Webarchive

[PDI-83] Philippine Daily Inquirer 2008.

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[Partridge2004p406-85] Partridge, 2004, p. 406.

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[95] Gallagher 2006, p. 86.

[Krogh-96] Krogh 2004, p. 167.

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[98] Tucker 2004, pp. 360–362.

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[101] Hinfelaar, Hugo. "WOMEN'S REVOLT: THE LUMPA CHURCH OF LENSHINA MULENGA IN THE 1950S." Journal of Religion in Africa, v. 21 issue 2, 1991, pp. 99–129.

[bugliosi-102] Bugliosi, Vincent with Gentry, Curt. Helter Skelter — The True Story of the Manson Murders 25th Anniversary Edition, W.W. Norton & Company, 1994. Template:ISBN, Template:OCLC.

[103] Olav Hammer: Danish Esotericism in the 20th Century. The Case of Martinus. Amsterdam University Press 2009.

[104] Western Esotericism in Scandinavia. Edited by Henrik Bogdan and Olav Hammer.

[105] Byskov, Else: Death is an illusion. Paragon House 2002.

[106] ttps://pdfhost.io/v/51FVy2Zyz_mespilism_ebook Mespilism: The Way Of The Medlar

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[RenaudMarhic-109] Marhic 1996, pp. 25–29.

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[112] Enroth 2005, p. 169.

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[122] Palmer, Susan. The Nuwaubian Nation: Black Spirituality and State Control (Farnham: Ashgate, 2010).

[123] Bailey, Julius H. "The Final Frontier: Secrecy, Identity, and the Media in the Rise and Fall of the United Nuwaubian Nation of Moors". Journal of the American Academy of Religion 74, no. 2 (2006): 302–23.

[124] Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".

[Goodrick-Clarke-125] Goodrick-Clarke 2002, p. 257.

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[128] Gold 2004, p. 46.

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[130] Walsh 2004, pp. 174, 180–182.

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[132] Hayes 2006, pp. 16, 18–19

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[134] Reiterman 1982, pp. 49–52

[Mayer2004-135] Mayer 2004, pp. 123–143.

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[139] Singer 1995, pp. 45, 120.

[140] York 2004, p. 105.

[Dawson2006p3-141] Dawson 2006, p. 3.

[142] Partridge 2004, pp. 62–64.

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[Tamura-144] Tamura 2001, pp. 203–204.

[Inform-145] INFORM 2001.

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[NewReligMove-151] The Oxford Handbook of New Religious Movements, Volume 2; James R. Lewis, Inga B. Tollefsen; Oxford University Press, 2016; pgs. 441-453

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[Lewisufo-155] Lewis 2003, p. 42.

[156] Reece 2007, pp. 182–186.

[157] Partridge 2003, pp. 188, 263–265.

[158] Beźnic Sz., Zbór Leczenia Duchem Świętym "Niebo", in: E.Barker, Nowe ruchy religijne, Nomos, Kraków 1997, p. 299–301.

[Raphael-159] Raphael 1998, pp. 198–215.

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[164] Wilson 1999, p. 10.

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[KlassWeisgrau1999-174] Johnson, Benton in Klass and Weisgrau 1999, p. 377.

[SmithProkopyp279-175] Smith and Prokopy 2003, p. 279–280.

[176] (Fraternite Blanche Universelle) Mayer 1993, p. 370.

[Dawson2007-177] Dawson 2007, pp. 48–49.

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List of new religious movements

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List of new religious movements

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