Foreign relations of Cyprus

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Cyprus is a member of the United Nations[1] along with most of its agencies as well as the Commonwealth of Nations, World Bank, International Monetary Fund and Council of Europe. In addition, the country has signed the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) and the Multilateral Investment Guarantee Agency Agreement (MIGA). Cyprus has been a member of the European Union since 2004 and in the second half of 2012 it held the Presidency of the Council of the European Union.[2]

Historical non-alignment

Script error: No such module "Labelled list hatnote". Cyprus has historically followed a non-aligned foreign policy, although it increasingly identifies with the West in its cultural affinities and trade patterns, and maintains close relations with the European Union, Greece, Armenia, Lebanon, Israel and the United States.

File:Bundesarchiv B 145 Bild-F013050-0001, München, Staatsbesuch Präsident von Zypern.jpg
Cyprus former President Makarios III at a state visit in Munich with the German Chancellor in 1962

The prime originator of Cypriot non-alignment was Archbishop of Cyprus Makarios III, the first President (1960–1977) of the independent republic of Cyprus. Prior to independence, Makarios - by virtue of his post as Archbishop of Cyprus and head of the Cypriot Orthodox Church - was the Greek Cypriot Ethnarch, or de facto leader of the community. A highly influential figure well before independence, he participated in the 1955 Bandung Conference. After independence, Makarios took part in the 1961 founding meeting of the Non-Aligned Movement in Belgrade.

File:Kıbrıs Cumhuriyeti'nin diplomatik ilişkileri.png
Cyprus representations abroad<templatestyles src="Legend/styles.css" />
  resident embassy
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  non-resident embassy
<templatestyles src="Legend/styles.css" />
  diplomatic relations only, but no mission

<templatestyles src="Legend/styles.css" />
  states that don't recognise the Republic of Cyprus

Reasons for this neutrality may lie in the extreme pressures exerted on the infant Republic by its larger neighbours, Turkey and Greece. Intercommunal rivalries and movements for union with Greece or partial union with Turkey may have persuaded Makarios to steer clear of close affiliation with either side. In any case Cyprus became a high-profile member of the Non-Aligned Movement and retained its membership until its entry into the European Union in 2004. At the non-governmental level, Cyprus has also been a member of the popular extension of the Non-Aligned Movement, the Afro-Asian Peoples' Solidarity Organisation hosting several high-level meetings.

Immediately after the 1974 Greek-sponsored coup d'état and the Turkish invasion, Makarios secured international recognition of his administration as the legitimate government of the whole island. This was disputed only by Turkey, which currently recognizes only the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus, established in 1983.

Since the 1974 crisis, the chief aim of the foreign policy of the Republic of Cyprus has been to secure the withdrawal of Turkish forces and the reunification of the island under the most favorable constitutional and territorial settlement possible. This campaign has been pursued primarily through international forums such as the United Nations and the Non-Aligned Movement, and in recent years through the European Union.

Diplomatic relations

List of countries which Cyprus maintains diplomatic relations with:

File:Diplomatic relations of Cyprus.svg
# Country Date[3]
1 Template:Country data Belgium Template:Dts[4]
2 Template:Country data France Template:Dts[5]
3 Template:Country data Greece Template:Dts[6]
— Template:Country data Turkey (suspended) Template:Dts[6]
4 Template:Country data United Kingdom Template:Dts[6][7]
5 Template:Country data United States Template:Dts[8]
6 Template:Country data Israel Template:Dts[9]
7 Template:Country data Russia Template:Dts[10]
8 Template:Country data Germany Template:Dts[11]
9 Template:Country data Lebanon Template:Dts[12]
10 Template:Country data Netherlands Template:Dts[13]
11 Template:Country data Serbia Template:Dts[14]
12 Template:Country data Hungary Template:Dts[15]
13 Template:Country data Egypt Template:Dts[16]
14 Template:Country data Syria Template:Dts[16]
15 Template:Country data Bulgaria Template:Dts[17]
16 Template:Country data Denmark Template:Dts[18]
17 Template:Country data Romania Template:Dts[19]
18 Template:Country data Cuba Template:Dts[20]
19 Template:Country data Sweden Template:Dts[21]
20 Template:Country data Czech Republic Template:Dts[22]
21 Template:Country data Poland Template:Dts[23]
22 Template:Country data Canada Template:Dts[24]
23 Template:Country data Finland Template:Dts[25]
24 Template:Country data Italy Template:Dts[26]
25 Template:Country data Malaysia Template:Dts[27]
26 Template:Country data Pakistan Template:Dts[28]
27 Template:Country data Saudi Arabia Template:Dts[29]
28 Template:Country data India Template:Dts[30]
29 Template:Country data Jordan Template:Dts[31]
30 Template:Country data Japan Template:Dts[32]
31 Template:Country data Chile Template:Dts[33]
32 Template:Country data Austria Template:Dts[34]
33 Template:Country data Sudan Template:Dts[35]
34 Template:Country data Norway Template:Dts[36]
35 Template:Country data Switzerland Template:Dts[37]
36 Template:Country data Ivory Coast Template:Dts[38]
37 Template:Country data Brazil Template:Dts[39]
38 Template:Country data Uruguay Template:Dts[40]
39 Template:Country data Colombia Template:Dts[41]
40 Template:Country data Peru Template:Dts[42]
41 Template:Country data Spain Template:Dts[43]
42 Template:Country data Argentina Template:Dts[44]
43 Template:Country data Luxembourg Template:Dts[45]
44 Template:Country data Nigeria Template:Dts[46]
45 Template:Country data Panama Template:Dts[42]
46 Template:Country data China Template:Dts[47]
47 Template:Country data Guyana Template:Dts[48]
48 Template:Country data Barbados Template:Dts[49]
49 Template:Country data Trinidad and Tobago Template:Dts[50]
50 Template:Country data Jamaica Template:Dts[51]
51 Template:Country data Malta Template:Dts[52]
52 Template:Country data Kenya Template:Dts[53]
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53 Template:Country data Iraq Template:Dts[55]
54 Template:Country data Libya Template:Dts[56]
55 Template:Country data Mongolia Template:Dts[57]
56 Template:Country data Australia Template:Dts[58]
57 Template:Country data Mexico Template:Dts[59]
58 Template:Country data Cameroon Template:Dts[60]
59 Template:Country data Portugal Template:Dts[61]
60 Template:Country data Vietnam Template:Dts[62]
61 Template:Country data Bahamas 1975[63]
62 Template:Country data Seychelles Template:Dts[64]
63 Template:Country data Zambia Template:Dts[65]
64 Template:Country data Uganda Template:Dts[66]
65 Template:Country data Papua New Guinea Template:Dts[67]
66 Template:Country data New Zealand Template:Dts[68]
67 Template:Country data Algeria Template:Dts[69]
68 Template:Country data Ecuador Template:Dts[70]
69 Template:Country data Iceland Template:Dts[71]
70 Template:Country data Morocco Template:Dts[72]
71 Template:Country data Tanzania Template:Dts[73]
72 Template:Country data Sri Lanka Template:Dts[74]
73 Template:Country data Philippines Template:Dts[75]
74 Template:Country data Singapore Template:Dts[76]
75 Template:Country data Grenada Template:Dts
76 Template:Country data Thailand Template:Dts[77]
77 Template:Country data Saint Lucia Template:Dts
78 Template:Country data Suriname Template:Dts
79 Template:Country data Nepal Template:Dts[78]
80 Template:Country data Dominican Republic Template:Date table sorting[79]
81 Template:Country data Costa Rica Template:Dts[39]
82 Template:Country data Bahrain Template:Dts[80]
83 Template:Country data Oman Template:Dts[81]
84 Template:Country data Nicaragua Template:Dts
85 Template:Country data Venezuela Template:Dts[82]
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87 Template:Country data Bolivia Template:Dts[84]
88 Template:Country data Yemen Template:Dts[85]
89 Template:Country data Ireland Template:Dts[86]
90 Template:Country data Myanmar Template:Dts[87]
91 Template:Country data Maldives Template:Dts[88]
92 Template:Country data Indonesia Template:Dts[89]
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106 Template:Country data Tajikistan Template:Dts
107 Template:Country data Armenia Template:Dts
108 Template:Country data Kazakhstan Template:Dts
109 Template:Country data Belarus Template:Dts
110 Template:Country data Federated States of Micronesia Template:Dts
111 Template:Country data Georgia Template:Dts
112 Template:Country data San Marino Template:Dts[97]
113 Template:Country data Lithuania Template:Dts
114 Template:Country data Slovenia Template:Dts[98]
115 Template:Country data Guatemala Template:Dts
116 Template:Country data Estonia Template:Dts
117 Template:Country data Latvia Template:Dts
118 Template:Country data Slovakia Template:Dts[99]
119 Template:Country data South Africa Template:Dts
120 Template:Country data Croatia Template:Dts[100]
121 Template:Country data Andorra Template:Dts
122 Template:Country data Burundi Template:Dts[101]
123 Template:Country data South Korea Template:Dts
124 Template:Country data Liechtenstein Template:Dts[102]
125 Template:Country data Brunei Template:DTS[103]
126 Template:Country data Uzbekistan Template:Dts
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128 Template:Country data Bosnia and Herzegovina Template:Dts
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133 Template:Country data Angola Template:Dts
134 Template:Country data Democratic Republic of the Congo Template:Dts[104]
135 Template:Country data Malawi Template:Dts
136 Template:Country data Laos Template:Dts
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139 Template:Country data Sierra Leone Template:Dts
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142 Template:Country data Mauritius Template:Dts
143 Template:Country data Ethiopia Template:Dts[105]
144 Template:Country data Qatar Template:Dts
145 Template:Country data Burkina Faso Template:Dts
146 Template:Country data Dominica Template:Dts
147 Template:Country data Eritrea Template:Dts
148 Template:Country data Paraguay Template:Dts
149 Template:Country data Timor-Leste Template:Dts[106]
150 Template:Country data Niger Template:Dts[107]
151 Template:Country data Chad Template:Dts
152 Template:Country data Lesotho Template:Dts
153 Template:Country data Antigua and Barbuda Template:Dts
154 Template:Country data Comoros Template:Dts[108]
155 Template:Country data Honduras Template:Dts
156 Template:Country data Botswana Template:Dts
157 Template:Country data Madagascar Template:Dts[109]
158 Template:Country data Kuwait Template:Dts
159 Template:Country data Mauritania Template:Dts[110]
160 Template:Country data Guinea Template:Dts[111]
161 Template:Country data Saint Vincent and the Grenadines Template:Dts
162 Template:Country data Montenegro Template:Dts[112]
163 Template:Country data United Arab Emirates Template:Dts
164 Template:Country data Namibia Template:Date table sorting[113]
165 Template:Country data Turkmenistan Template:Dts
166 Template:Country data Equatorial Guinea Template:Dts
167 Template:Country data Guinea-Bissau Template:Dts
168 Template:Country data Tonga Template:Dts[114]
169 Template:Country data Solomon Islands Template:Dts
170 Template:Country data Monaco Template:Dts[115]
— Template:Country data Sovereign Military Order of Malta Template:Dts[116]
171 Template:Country data Fiji Template:Dts
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172 Template:Country data Tuvalu Template:Dts
173 Template:Country data Palau Template:Dts
174 Template:Country data Togo Template:Dts
175 Template:Country data Saint Kitts and Nevis Template:Dts[119]
176 Template:Country data North Macedonia Template:Dts
177 Template:Country data South Sudan Template:Dts
178 Template:Country data Benin Template:Dts
179 Template:Country data Eswatini Unknown (before December 2002)[120]
180 Template:Country data Mozambique Unknown (before October 2006)[117]
181 Template:Country data Senegal Unknown (before October 2006)[117]
182 Template:Country data Somalia Unknown (before October 2006)[117]
183 Template:Country data Tunisia Unknown (before October 2006)[117]
184 Template:Country data Vanuatu Unknown (before November 2005)[121]

Bilateral relations

Multilateral

Organization Formal Relations Began Notes
Template:Country data Council of Europe Cyprus joined the Council of Europe as a full member on 24 May 1961.
Template:Country data European Union See Cyprus in the European UnionTemplate:PbCyprus joined the European Union as a full member on 1 May 2004.
Template:Country data NATO See Cyprus–NATO relationsTemplate:PbCyprus is not a member of NATO.

Africa

Country Formal relations began Notes
Template:Country data Algeria 3 April 1979 See Algeria–Cyprus relations
Template:Country data Burundi
Template:Country data Comoros Cyprus is represented in Comoros by its embassy in Pretoria.[127]
Template:Country data Egypt 30 September 1960, severed diplomatic relations 21 February 1978, restored 30 May 1984 See Cyprus–Egypt relationsTemplate:PbEgypt is a close ally of Cyprus as both countries share an oilfield. Egypt conquered Cyprus many times in ancient, medieval and modern eras and it was ruled by Egyptians which added Egyptian culture to the local culture and supported increasing the relationship between both countries. The relationship between the two countries was strained in February 1978 when Cypriot National Guardsmen shot dead Egyptian Commandos at Larnaca International Airport when the commandos attempted to intervene in a hostage situation.
  • Cyprus has an embassy in Cairo.
  • Egypt has an embassy in Nicosia.
Template:Country data Eswatini
Template:Country data Lesotho 25 February 2004
Template:Country data Libya 8 November 1973 See Cyprus–Libya relations
Template:Country data Madagascar
Template:Country data Malawi 22 June 2000
Template:Country data Mauritania
  • Cyprus is represented in Mauritania by its embassy in Tripoli.[136]
  • Mauritania is represented in Cyprus by its embassy in Rome.[137]
Template:Country data Mauritius February 1, 2001[138]
Template:Country data Morocco 1979
Template:Country data Namibia
Template:Country data Seychelles 1 July 1976
Template:Country data South Africa December 10, 1993
Template:Country data Togo 24 September 2015 Cyprus is represented in Togo by its embassy in Paris, France.[148]
Template:Country data Tunisia 5 November 1999
Template:Country data Uganda 1 February 1977 Both countries established diplomatic relations on 1 February 1977 when accredited first High Commissioner of Cyprus to Uganda with residence in Nairobi Mr. F. A. Grammenopoulos[149]
  • Both countries have established diplomatic relations and have signed an Agreement for Cooperation in the Field of Tourism.[150]
  • Both countries are full members of the Commonwealth of Nations.
Template:Country data Zambia

Americas

Country Formal relations began Notes
Template:Country data Argentina 20 May 1968 and 3 June 1968
Template:Country data Belize 21 July 2000
  • Both countries established diplomatic relations on July 21, 2000.[157]
  • Cyprus is represented in Belize through its embassy in Mexico City, Mexico.[128]
  • Both countries are members of the Commonwealth of Nations.
Template:Country data Brazil July 21, 1964
Template:Country data Canada See Canada–Cyprus relations

Canadian bilateral political relations with Cyprus stemmed initially from Cypriot Commonwealth membership at independence in 1960 (that had followed a guerrilla struggle with Britain). These relations quickly expanded in 1964 when Canada became a major troop contributor to UNFICYP. The participation lasted for the next 29 years, during which 50,000 Canadian soldiers served and 28 were killed. In large measure Canadian relations with Cyprus continue to revolve around support for the ongoing efforts of the United Nations, G8 and others to resolve the Island's divided status. Contacts with Cyprus on other issues also take place in international organizations such as the UN, the Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe and the Commonwealth of Nations.

  • Canada is accredited to Cyprus from its embassy in Athens, Greece and an honorary consulate in Nicosia.[161]
  • Cyprus has a High Commission in Ottawa and an honorary consulate in Vancouver.[162]
Template:Country data Colombia 25 January 1966 and 14 May 1970
  • Colombia is represented in Cyprus through its embassy in Rome, Italy.
  • Cyprus is represented in Colombia through its embassy in Mexico City, Mexico.
  • In 2010, both Ministers of Foreign Affairs signed a cooperation agreement regarding tourism and the war on drugs.[163]
Template:Country data Dominica 13 June 2001 Both countries are members of the Commonwealth of Nations. A Joint Communiqué on the Establishment of Diplomatic Relations between the Republic of Cyprus and the Commonwealth of Dominica was signed on the 13 June 2001 in New York[164]
Template:Country data Guyana 11 February 1972
Template:Country data Mexico 20 February 1974 See Cyprus–Mexico relations
  • Cyprus does not have an accreditation to Mexico.
  • Mexico is accredited to Cyprus from its embassy in Athens, Greece and maintains an honorary consulate in Nicosia.[166]
Template:Country data Peru 19 September 1966
  • Both countries established diplomatic relations in 1966.[167]
  • Cyprus is represented in Peru through its embassy in Brasília, Brazil.[133]
Template:Country data Saint Vincent and the Grenadines 2 August 2006
Template:Country data Trinidad and Tobago
Template:Country data United States 16 August 1960 See Cyprus–United States relations
File:Demetris Christofias with Obamas.jpg
Cyprus president Dimitris Christofias and Cyprus first lady with U.S. President Barack Obama and Michelle Obama

Asia

Country Formal relations began Notes
Template:Country data Armenia 18 March 1992 See Armenia–Cyprus relations
Template:Country data China 14 December 1971 See China–Cyprus relations
Template:Country data Georgia 9 July 1992 See Cyprus–Georgia relations
Template:Country data India 10 February 1962 See Cyprus–India relations
Template:Country data Indonesia 4 December 1987 See Cyprus–Indonesia relations
  • Diplomatic relations were established on December 4, 1987[177][178]
  • Cyprus reopened its embassy in Jakarta in October 2023.[179]
  • Indonesia is represented in Cyprus through its embassy in Rome, Italy.[180]
Template:Country data Iran 1960s
Template:Country data Israel 17 August 1960 See Cyprus–Israel relations

In the case of Israel, Cyprus has occasionally outwardly backed the Palestinians in the Arab–Israeli conflict, to the annoyance of some in the Israeli government. Cyprus, like over 100 other countries, officially recognizes Palestine as a de facto state.

The island is also host to a number of Palestinian and Lebanese refugees.

Relations between the two countries continued to suffer when Cypriot first lady Antroulla Vasiliou, the wife of the then President George Vasiliou, was declared persona non grata in Israel when a delegation she was leading attempted to meet with Yasser Arafat, who was under house arrest.

Controversy and public outcry arose in the early 2000s, when members of the Cypriot branch of the Greek Orthodox Church were accused of selling church-owned land in the West Bank to Israeli developers, putting Cypriot commitment to the Palestinian cause at question.

The expulsion of two alleged Israeli spies from the island in 1998 also caused tension between the two governments.

The two countries now appear to be on improving terms, there has been coopertation on numerous areas but mostly on agriculture, military and tourism. The Cypriot government has also been reported to be making deals with both Israel and Egypt in exploring for oil off the southern Cyprus coast.

Israeli foreign minister Avigdor Lieberman visited Cyprus at the invitation of his Cypriot counterpart when Netanyahu was in Washington for the direct talks with the Palestinian leader. Lieberman and Cypriot foreign minister Kyprianou have met several times this year in an effort to strengthen relations between their countries.

Template:Country data Japan 11 May 1962
Template:Country data Jordan 11 January 1962
Template:Country data Kazakhstan 2 April 1992
Template:Country data Kyrgyzstan 20 February 1992
Template:Country data Kuwait 3 May 2005 See Cyprus–Kuwait relations
  • Cyprus has an embassy in Kuwait City.
  • Kuwait has an embassy in Nicosia.
Template:Country data Lebanon 20 September 1960
Template:Country data Maldives 1 November 1987
Template:Country data Mongolia 19 December 1973 and 19 December 1979
  • Both countries established diplomatic relations on December 19, 1973.[190][191]
  • Cyprus is represented in Mongolia through its embassy in Beijing, China.[133]
  • Mongolia is represented in Cyprus through its embassy in Sofia, Bulgaria[192]
Template:Country data Oman 1978
Template:Country data Palestine 1988 See Cyprus–Palestine relations
Template:Country data Qatar 21 February 2001 See Cyprus–Qatar relations
Template:Country data Saudi Arabia See Cyprus–Saudi Arabia relations
  • Cyprus is represented through its honorary consulate in Jeddah.
  • Saudi Arabia is represented through its embassy in Nicosia.
  • Both countries are members of the United Nations.
  • [1]
Template:Country data Sri Lanka March 1981
Template:Country data Syria See Cyprus–Syria relations
Template:Country data Tajikistan 27 February 1992
Template:Country data Thailand 5 May 1980
Template:Country data Turkey Suspended Turkey does not recognize the government of the Republic of Cyprus, stating that the Republic—as established by the Constitution of 1960—ceased to exist when the intercommunal violence that commenced in December 1963 ended Turkish Cypriot participation in the Cypriot government. The attempted coup in July 1974—engineered by Greek Military Junta—was responded to by Turkey by a full military invasion, which resulted in the northern third of the island being occupied by Turkish military forces. This portion of Cyprus unilaterally declared independence in November 1983 as the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus (TRNC), which only Turkey recognizes. Turkey refers to the Republic of Cyprus government as the "Greek Administration of Southern Cyprus".[199]

Cyprus takes the view that the TRNC government is a puppet administration, and thus prefers to negotiate with Turkey over the resolution of the Cyprus Problem. Turkey insists that the TRNC government is the institution that the RoC government must refer to in negotiations.

Cyprus' accession to the European Union has had a negative impact on Turkey in regards to its own accession negotiations. The refusal of Turkey to allow Cypriot-flagged ships to access Turkish ports has resulted in a partial suspension of its accession negotiations.

Template:Country data United Arab Emirates 12 April 1978 and 6 June 2007 See Cyprus–United Arab Emirates relations
  • Cyprus has an embassy in Abu Dhabi
  • United Arab Emirates has an embassy in Nicosia
Template:Country data Vietnam 29 November 1975 Cyprus is represented in Vietnam through its embassy in New Delhi, India. Vietnam is represented in Cyprus through its embassy in Tripoli, Libya.

Europe

Script error: No such module "Labelled list hatnote".

File:Birger Jarlsgatan 37.JPG
Cyprus embassy in Stockholm
File:Povarskaya 9 by I.S.Kuznetsov1910d.jpg
Cyprus embassy in Moscow

Cyprus' 1990 application for full EU membership caused a storm in the Turkish Cypriot community, which argued that the move required their consent. Following the December 1997 EU Summit decisions on EU enlargement, accession negotiations began 31 March 1998. Cyprus joined the European Union on 1 May 2004. To fulfil its commitment as a member of the European Union, Cyprus withdrew from the Non-Aligned Movement on accession, retaining observer status.

Country Formal relations began Notes
Template:Country data Albania 28 August 1991
  • Both countries established diplomatic relations on 28 August 1991.[200]
  • Albania is represented in Cyprus by its embassy in Athens, Greece[201] and an honorary consulate in Larnaca.[202]
  • Cyprus is represented in Albania by its embassy in Athens, Greece[128][203] and an honorary consulate in Tirana.[204]
  • Both countries have a number of bilateral agreements.[200]
Template:Country data Austria See Austria–Cyprus relations
  • Austria has an embassy in Nicosia.
  • Cyprus has an embassy in Vienna.
  • Austria joined the European Union as a full member on 1 January 1995, while Cyprus joined on 1 May 2004.
Template:Country data Belgium 1960
Template:Country data Bulgaria 30 October 1960 See Bulgaria–Cyprus relations
Template:Country data Croatia 4 February 1993 See Croatia–Cyprus relations
Template:Country data Czech Republic 1 February 1961 and 1 January 1993 See Cyprus–Czech Republic relations
Template:Country data Denmark 2 November 1960 See Cyprus–Denmark relations
Template:Country data Estonia 20 December 1991
Template:Country data Finland 29 September 1961 See Cyprus–Finland relations
Template:Country data France 16 August 1960 See Cyprus–France relations
Template:Country data Germany 20 August 1960 See Cyprus–Germany relations
Template:Country data Greece 16 August 1960
  • See Cyprus–Greece relations
  • Cyprus has an embassy in Athens and a consulate-general in Thessaloniki.
  • Greece has an embassy in Nicosia.
  • Both countries are full members of the European Union and of the Council of Europe.
  • The Greek Cypriot majority in Cyprus and the ethnic Greek population of Greece share a common ethnicity, heritage, language, and religion, leading to an exceptionally close relationship between the two countries.
Template:Country data Hungary 18 October 1960
Template:FlagiconIceland 4 September 1979
Template:Flagicon Ireland 23 November 1984 See Cyprus–Ireland relations
Template:Country data Italy 1960
Template:Country data Latvia
  • Cyprus is represented in Latvia through its embassy in Stockholm (Sweden).
  • Latvia is represented in Cyprus through its embassy in Athens (Greece). and an honorary consulates in Limassol.
  • Both countries became members of the European Union on 1 May 2004.
Template:Country data Lithuania 3 December 1992
Template:Country data Luxembourg
  • Cyprus is represented to Luxembourg through its accredited embassy in The Hague (Netherlands).
  • Luxembourg is represented to Cyprus through its accredited embassy in Athens (Greece).
  • Both countries are full members of the European Union.
Template:Country data Malta 13 September 1972 See Cyprus–Malta relations
Template:Country data Moldova 21 February 1992
Template:Country data Monaco 24 February 2011
Template:Country data Montenegro 12 March 2007 See Cyprus–Montenegro relations
Template:Country data Netherlands 1960 See Cyprus–Netherlands relations
Template:Country data Norway 22 March 1963 See Cyprus–Norway relations

Cyprus–Norway relations are foreign relations between Cyprus and Norway. Diplomatic relations were established on 22 March 1963.[220] The government in Cyprus considers that "bilateral relations between Cyprus and Norway are excellent in all fields".[221]

Neither country has resident ambassadors. Cyprus is represented in Norway through its embassy in Stockholm, Sweden, and 2 honorary consulates, one in Oslo and the second in Kristiansand. Norway is represented in Cyprus through its embassy in Athens, Greece, and an honorary consulate in Nicosia.[222] Both countries are full members of the Council of Europe. Diplomatic relations were established on 22 March 1963.[221]

On 21 August 1951, there was a Consular Convention and an Exchange of Letters relating to establishing diplomatic relations. On 2 May 1951, there was a Convention for the Avoidance of Double Taxation and the Prevention of Fiscal Evasion with respect to Taxes on Income. On 17 May 1962, there was an Exchange of Letters constituting an Agreement on the Abolition of Visa Requirement in Nicosia. On 5 March 1963, there was an Agreement on Commercial Scheduled Air Transport signed in London.[223]

The taxation levels in Cyprus are considerably lower than in Norway, and Cyprus has actively courted Norwegians to move to Cyprus.[224] Among the Norwegians who moved to Cyprus is the shipping billionaire John Fredriksen, who was the richest man in Norway.[225][226][227]

In 1996 tax rules in Norway were changed to keep shipping companies competitive and under the Norwegian flag. By 2008 changes to the tonnage tax regime to harmonize them with the European Union forced some companies to register in Cyprus.[228] Norwegian Service rig company Prosafe moved their headquarters to Cyprus.[229]

Several Norwegian retirees also moved to Cyprus; this too is largely to benefit from the lower tax rate on Cyprus and the minimal crime.[230]

Template:Country data Poland 15 January 1961 See Cyprus–Poland relations
Template:Country data Portugal 5 March 1975
Template:Country data Romania 15 November 1960
Template:Country data Russia 18 August 1960 See Cyprus–Russia relations
File:Dmitry Medvedev with Demetris Christofias-3.jpg
Presidents of Russia and Cyprus meet at least once every year.
  • The USSR established diplomatic relations with the newly independent Republic of Cyprus on 18 August 1960.
  • Cooperation between both countries has increased since the 1990s and the fall of the USSR.
  • Cyprus has an embassy in Moscow and consulates-general in Krasnodar, Saint Petersburg, Samara and in Yekaterinburg.
  • Russia has an embassy in Nicosia.
Template:Country data Serbia 7 October 1960 See Cyprus–Serbia relations
Template:Country data Slovakia 1 January 1993
Template:Country data Slovenia 10 December 1992 See Cyprus–Slovenia relations
Template:Country data Spain 25 December 1967 See Cyprus–Spain relations
Template:Country data Sweden 12 December 1960 See Cyprus–Sweden relations
Template:Country data Switzerland
  • Cyprus is represented in Switzerland through its embassy in Rome (Italy).
  • Switzerland has an embassy in Nicosia.
Template:Country data Ukraine 19 February 1992
Template:Country data United Kingdom 16 August 1960 See Cyprus–United Kingdom relationsTemplate:PbCyprus established diplomatic relations with the United Kingdom on 16 August 1960. The UK is a "guarantor power" of Cyprus's independence.

The UK governed Cyprus from 1878 until 1960, when it achieved full independence.

Both countries share common membership of the Commonwealth, the Council of Europe, European Court of Human Rights, the International Criminal Court, the OSCE, and the World Trade Organization. Bilaterally the two countries have a Double Taxation Agreement.[244]

Oceania

Country Formal relations began Notes
Template:Country data Australia
  • Australia has a High Commission in Nicosia.[245]
  • Cyprus has a High Commission in Canberra.[246]
Template:Country data Fiji 1978
Template:Country data New Zealand
Template:Country data Papua New Guinea 31 March 1978
Template:Country data Solomon Islands May 5, 2010
  • Both countries established diplomatic relations on May 5, 2010.[248]
  • Cyprus is represented in the Solomon Islands via parallel accreditation of its High Commission in Canberra, Australia.[128]
  • Both countries are full members of the Commonwealth of Nations.
Template:Country data Vanuatu 26 February 1990

Multilateral relations

International disputes

File:Rice speaks with troops after landing in Larnaca July 24 2006.jpg
Condoleezza Rice by US ambassadors in Larnaca International Airport, Cyprus

The 1974 invasion of the Turkish army divided the island nation into two. The internationally recognised Republic of Cyprus currently has effective control in the south of the island (59% of the island's land area) while its area not under its effective control makes up 37% of the island. Turkey utilising the territory occupied during the invasion recognizes a declared separatist[249] UDI of Turkish Cypriots in 1983, contrary to multiple United Nations Security Council Resolutions. The two territories of the Republic are separated by a United Nations Buffer Zone (4% of the island); there are two UK sovereign base areas mostly within the Greek Cypriot portion of the island.

See also

References

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External links

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Template:Foreign relations of the Commonwealth of Nations Template:Foreign relations of Cyprus Template:Cyprus topics Template:Foreign relations of Asia Template:Foreign relations of Europe

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  233. ↑ Serbian Ministry of Foreign Affairs about relations with Cyprus Template:Webarchive
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