Combretaceae: Difference between revisions

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| authority = [[Robert Brown (Scottish botanist from Montrose)|R.Br.]]<ref name=APGIII2009>{{Cite journal |last=Angiosperm Phylogeny Group |year=2009 |title=An update of the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group classification for the orders and families of flowering plants: APG III |journal=Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society |volume=161 |issue=2 |pages=105–121 |doi=10.1111/j.1095-8339.2009.00996.x |doi-access=free |hdl=10654/18083 |hdl-access=free }}</ref>
| authority = [[Robert Brown (Scottish botanist from Montrose)|R.Br.]]<ref name=APGIII2009>{{Cite journal |last=Angiosperm Phylogeny Group |year=2009 |title=An update of the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group classification for the orders and families of flowering plants: APG III |journal=Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society |volume=161 |issue=2 |pages=105–121 |doi=10.1111/j.1095-8339.2009.00996.x |doi-access=free |hdl=10654/18083 |hdl-access=free }}</ref>
| type_genus = ''[[Combretum]]''
| type_genus = ''[[Combretum]]''
| type_genus_authority = [[Pehr Löfling|Loefl.]]
| type_genus_authority = [[Pehr Löfling|Loefl.]]{{R|IPNI}}
| subdivision_ranks = Genera
| subdivision_ranks = Genera
| subdivision = [[#Genera|see text.]]
| subdivision = [[#Genera|see text.]]
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}}
}}


The '''Combretaceae''', often called the white mangrove family, are a [[family (biology)|family]] of [[flowering plant]]s in the order [[Myrtales]]. The family includes about 530 species of [[tree]]s, [[shrub]]s, and [[liana]]s in ca 10 [[genus|genera]].<ref name="Christenhusz-Byng2016">{{cite journal |author1=Christenhusz, M. J. M. |author2=Byng, J. W.  |name-list-style=amp | year = 2016 | title = The number of known plants species in the world and its annual increase | journal = Phytotaxa | volume = 261 | pages = 201–217 | url = http://biotaxa.org/Phytotaxa/article/download/phytotaxa.261.3.1/20598 | doi = 10.11646/phytotaxa.261.3.1 | issue = 3 | doi-access = free }}</ref> The family includes the leadwood tree, ''[[Combretum imberbe]]''. Three genera, ''[[Conocarpus]]'', ''[[Laguncularia]]'', and ''[[Lumnitzera]]'', grow in [[mangrove]] habitats (mangals).<ref name="q">{{cite web|url=http://www.mangrovewatch.org.au/index.php?option=com_content&view=category&layout=blog&id=38&Itemid=300170|title=Lumnitzera|publisher=University of Queensland|access-date=30 June 2010}}</ref> The Combretaceae are widespread in the [[subtropics]] and [[tropics]]. Some members of this family produce useful construction timber, such as idigbo from ''[[Terminalia ivorensis]]''. The commonly cultivated ''[[Quisqualis indica]]'' (as well as the entire former genus ''Quisqualis'') is now placed in the genus ''[[Combretum]]''. Many plants in the former ''Quisqualis'' genus contain the [[Excitotoxicity|excitotoxin]] [[quisqualic acid]], a potent [[AMPA agonist]].<ref>{{cite journal| last1=Munir |first1= Muhammad |last2=Lu |first2=Lisha |last3=McGonigle |first3=Paul |date=1995 |title=Excitotoxic cell death and delayed rescue in human neurons derived from NT2 cells |journal=Journal of Neuroscience |volume=15 |issue=12 |pages=7847–7860 |doi=10.1523/JNEUROSCI.15-12-07847.1995 |pmid= 8613724 |url=https://www.jneurosci.org/content/jneuro/15/12/7847.full.pdf }}</ref>
The '''Combretaceae''', often called the white mangrove family, are a family of [[flowering plant]]s in the order [[Myrtales]]. The family includes about 530 species of trees, shrubs, and [[liana]]s in 10 [[genus|genera]].<ref name="Christenhusz-Byng2016">{{cite journal |author1=Christenhusz, M. J. M. |author2=Byng, J. W.  |name-list-style=amp | year = 2016 | title = The number of known plants species in the world and its annual increase | journal = Phytotaxa | volume = 261 | pages = 201–217 | url = http://biotaxa.org/Phytotaxa/article/download/phytotaxa.261.3.1/20598 | doi = 10.11646/phytotaxa.261.3.1 | issue = 3 | doi-access = free }}</ref> The family includes the leadwood tree, ''[[Combretum imberbe]]''. Three genera, ''[[Conocarpus]]'', ''[[Laguncularia]]'', and ''[[Lumnitzera]]'', grow in [[mangrove]] habitats (mangals).<ref name="q">{{cite web|url=http://www.mangrovewatch.org.au/index.php?option=com_content&view=category&layout=blog&id=38&Itemid=300170|title=Lumnitzera|publisher=University of Queensland|access-date=30 June 2010}}</ref> The Combretaceae are widespread in the subtropics and tropics. Some members of this family produce useful construction timber, such as idigbo from ''[[Terminalia ivorensis]]''. The commonly cultivated ''[[Quisqualis indica]]'' (as well as the entire former genus ''Quisqualis'') is now placed in the genus ''[[Combretum]]''. Many plants in the former ''Quisqualis'' genus contain the [[Excitotoxicity|excitotoxin]] [[quisqualic acid]], a potent [[AMPA agonist]].<ref>{{cite journal| last1=Munir |first1= Muhammad |last2=Lu |first2=Lisha |last3=McGonigle |first3=Paul |date=1995 |title=Excitotoxic cell death and delayed rescue in human neurons derived from NT2 cells |journal=Journal of Neuroscience |volume=15 |issue=12 |pages=7847–7860 |doi=10.1523/JNEUROSCI.15-12-07847.1995 |pmid= 8613724 |url=https://www.jneurosci.org/content/jneuro/15/12/7847.full.pdf }}</ref>


==White mangroves==
==White mangroves==
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''[[Plants of the World Online]]'' currently includes:<ref name = POWO>[https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126653-1 Plants of the World Online: Combretaceae R.Br. (retrieved 19 January 2022)]</ref>
''[[Plants of the World Online]]'' currently includes:<ref name = POWO>[https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126653-1 Plants of the World Online: Combretaceae R.Br. (retrieved 19 January 2022)]</ref>
{{div col|colwidth=20em}}
{{div col|colwidth=20em}}
#''[[Combretum]]'' <small>Loefl.</small>
*''[[Combretum]]'' <small>Loefl.</small>
#''[[Conocarpus]]'' <small>L.</small>
*''[[Conocarpus]]'' <small>L.</small>
#''[[Dansiea]]'' <small>Byrnes</small>
*''[[Dansiea]]'' <small>Byrnes</small>
#''[[Getonia]]'' <small>Roxb.</small> (synonym ''Calycopteris'')
*''[[Getonia]]'' <small>Roxb.</small> (synonym ''Calycopteris'')
#''[[Guiera]]'' <small>Adans. ex Juss.</small>
*''[[Guiera]]'' <small>Adans. ex Juss.</small>
#''[[Laguncularia]]'' <small>C.F.Gaertn.</small> (monotypic)
*''[[Laguncularia]]'' <small>C.F.Gaertn.</small> (monotypic)
#''[[Lumnitzera]]'' <small>Willd.</small>
*''[[Lumnitzera]]'' <small>Willd.</small>
#''[[Macropteranthes]]'' <small>F.Muell.</small>
*''[[Macropteranthes]]'' <small>F.Muell.</small>
#''[[Strephonema]]'' <small>Hook.f.</small>
*''[[Strephonema]]'' <small>Hook.f.</small>
#''[[Terminalia (plant)|Terminalia]]'' <small>L.</small> (synonyms: ''[[Anogeissus]]'', ''[[Buchenavia]]'', ''[[Bucida]]'', ''[[Pteleopsis]]'', ''Terminaliopsis'')
*''[[Terminalia (plant)|Terminalia]]'' <small>L.</small> (synonyms: ''[[Anogeissus]]'', ''[[Buchenavia]]'', ''[[Bucida]]'', ''[[Pteleopsis]]'', ''Terminaliopsis'')
{{div col end}}
{{div col end}}


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==References==
==References==
{{Reflist}}
{{Reflist|refs=
<ref name="IPNI">{{cite web |url=https://www.ipni.org/n/77126653-1 |title=''Combretaceae'' R.Br., Prodr. Fl. Nov. Holland. 351 (1810), nom. cons. |website=[[International Plant Names Index]] |publisher=[[Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew]] |year=2025 |access-date=7 June 2025}}</ref>
}}


==External links==
==External links==

Latest revision as of 10:55, 7 June 2025

Template:Short description Template:Automatic taxobox

The Combretaceae, often called the white mangrove family, are a family of flowering plants in the order Myrtales. The family includes about 530 species of trees, shrubs, and lianas in 10 genera.[1] The family includes the leadwood tree, Combretum imberbe. Three genera, Conocarpus, Laguncularia, and Lumnitzera, grow in mangrove habitats (mangals).[2] The Combretaceae are widespread in the subtropics and tropics. Some members of this family produce useful construction timber, such as idigbo from Terminalia ivorensis. The commonly cultivated Quisqualis indica (as well as the entire former genus Quisqualis) is now placed in the genus Combretum. Many plants in the former Quisqualis genus contain the excitotoxin quisqualic acid, a potent AMPA agonist.[3]

White mangroves

The family name comes from the type genus Combretum; it also includes the white mangrove, Laguncularia racemosa, found along seacoasts in tropical America and West Africa.

Genera

Plants of the World Online currently includes:[4] Template:Div col

Template:Div col end

synonyms of Combretum

References

Template:Reflist

External links

Template:Angiosperm families Template:Taxonbar Template:Authority control

  1. ↑ Script error: No such module "Citation/CS1".
  2. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  3. ↑ Script error: No such module "Citation/CS1".
  4. ↑ Plants of the World Online: Combretaceae R.Br. (retrieved 19 January 2022)
  5. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
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