3rd United States Congress: Difference between revisions
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=== Senate === | === Senate === | ||
{{main|List of United States senators in the 3rd Congress}} | |||
Senators were elected by the state legislatures every two years, with one-third beginning new six-year terms with each Congress. Preceding the names in the list below are [[Classes of United States senators|Senate class numbers]], which indicate the cycle of their election. | Senators were elected by the state legislatures every two years, with one-third beginning new six-year terms with each Congress. Preceding the names in the list below are [[Classes of United States senators|Senate class numbers]], which indicate the cycle of their election. | ||
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| caption2 = [[Ralph Izard]]<br/>(May 31, 1794 – November 9, 1794) | | caption2 = [[Ralph Izard]]<br/>(May 31, 1794 – November 9, 1794) | ||
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=== House of Representatives === | === House of Representatives === | ||
The names of | {{main|List of United States representatives in the 3rd Congress}} | ||
The names of representatives are preceded by their district numbers. | |||
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Latest revision as of 17:52, 21 October 2025
Template:Short description Template:Use American English Template:Use mdy dates Template:Infobox United States Congress
The 3rd United States Congress was a meeting of the legislative branch of the United States federal government, consisting of the United States Senate and the United States House of Representatives. It met at Congress Hall in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania from March 4, 1793, to March 4, 1795, during the fifth and sixth years of George Washington's presidency.
The apportionment of seats in the House of Representatives was governed by the Apportionment Act of 1792 and based on the 1790 census. The Senate had a Pro-Administration majority, and the House had an Anti-Administration majority.
Major events
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- March 4, 1793: President George Washington begins his second term.
- April 22, 1793: George Washington signed the Neutrality Proclamation
- February 11, 1794: Wishing to avoid charges of being a Star Chamber, the Senate holds its first public session, resolving "That the Senate doors be opened".[1][2]
- March 14, 1794: Eli Whitney was granted a patent for the cotton gin
- March 27, 1794: The federal government authorized the construction of the original six frigates of the United States Navy
- August 7, 1794: Whiskey Rebellion began: Farmers in the Monongahela Valley of Pennsylvania rebelled against the federal tax on liquor and distilled drinks.
- August 20, 1794: Battle of Fallen Timbers — American troops under General Anthony Wayne forced a confederacy of Shawnee, Mingo, Delaware, Wyandot, Miami, Ottawa, Chippewa and Pottawatomie warriors into a disorganized retreat.
Major legislation
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- January 13, 1794: Flag Act of 1794, Sess. 1, ch. 1, 1 Stat. 341
- March 22, 1794: Slave Trade Act of 1794, Sess. 1, ch. 11, 1 Stat. 347
- March 27, 1794: Naval Act of 1794, Sess. 1, ch. 12, 1 Stat. 350
- January 29, 1795: Naturalization Act of 1795, Sess. 2, ch. 20, 1 Stat. 414
Constitutional amendments
- March 4, 1794: Approved an amendment to the United States Constitution clarifying judicial power over foreign nationals, and limiting the ability of citizens to sue states in federal courts and under federal law, and submitted it to the state legislatures for ratification 1 Stat. 402.
- February 7, 1795: The Eleventh Amendment to the United States Constitution was ratified by the requisite number of states (then 12) to become part of the Constitution.
Treaties
- November 19, 1794: The United States and the Kingdom of Great Britain signed the Jay Treaty, which attempted to clear up some of the lingering problems left over from the American Revolutionary War
Faction summary
There were no political parties in this Congress. Members are informally grouped into factions of similar interest, based on an analysis of their voting record.[3]
Details on changes are shown below in the "Changes in membership" section.
Senate
Template:USCongress Party summary
House of Representatives
Template:USCongress Party summary
Leadership
Senate
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- President: John Adams (P)
- President pro tempore: John Langdon (P), until December 2, 1793
- Ralph Izard (P), May 31, 1794 – November 9, 1794
- Henry Tazewell (P), from February 20, 1795
House of Representatives
Members
This list is arranged by chamber, then by state. Senators are listed by class, and representatives are listed by district.
Senate
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House of Representatives
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Changes in membership
The count below reflects changes from the beginning of the first session of this Congress
United States Senate
There were 1 death, 3 resigns, 1 late election, and 1 contested election. Script error: No such module "Labelled list hatnote". Template:Ordinal US Congress change
|-
| Connecticut
(3)
| style="background:Template:Party color" | Roger Sherman (P)
| Died July 23, 1793.
| style="background:Template:Party color" | Stephen M. Mitchell (P)
| Elected December 2, 1793
|-
| Delaware
(1)
| style="background:Template:Party color" | George Read (P)
| Resigned on September 18, 1793. Kensey Johns was appointed on March 19, 1794, but not permitted to qualify.
| style="background:Template:Party color" | Henry Latimer (P)
| Appointed February 7, 1795
|-
| Pennsylvania
(1)
| style="background:#CCFF66" | Albert Gallatin (A)
| Credentials were contested and the seat was declared vacant February 28, 1794.
| style="background:Template:Party color" | James Ross (P)
| Elected April 24, 1794
|-
| Virginia
(1)
| style="background:#CCFF66" | James Monroe (A)
| Resigned May 11, 1794, to become United States Minister to France.
| style="background:#CCFF66" | Stevens T. Mason (A)
| Elected November 18, 1794
|-
| Virginia
(2)
| style="background:#CCFF66" | John Taylor (A)
| Resigned May 11, 1794.
| style="background:#CCFF66" | Henry Tazewell (A)
| Elected November 18, 1794
|}
House of Representatives
There were 2 deaths, 3 resignations, and 1 contested election. Script error: No such module "Labelled list hatnote". Template:Ordinal US Congress change
|- | nowrap | Template:Ushr | style="background:#CCFF66" | John Patten (A) | Contested election; served until February 14, 1794. | style="background:Template:Party color" | Henry Latimer (P) | Seated February 14, 1794
|- | nowrap | Template:Ushr | Vacant | Delegate seat established. | James White Non-voting delegate | Elected September 3, 1794
|- | nowrap | Template:Ushr | style="background:#CCFF66" | John Francis Mercer (A) | Resigned April 13, 1794. | style="background:#CCFF66" | Gabriel Duvall (A) | Seated November 11, 1794
|- | nowrap | Template:Ushr | style="background:Template:Party color" | Silas Talbot (P) | Accepted appointment to the U.S. Navy June 5, 1794. | Vacant | Not filled in this Congress
|- | nowrap | Template:Ushr | style="background:Template:Party color" | Abraham Clark (P) | Died September 15, 1794. | style="background:Template:Party color" | Aaron Kitchell (P) | Seated January 29, 1795
|- | nowrap | Template:Ushr | style="background:#CCFF66" | Alexander Gillon (A) | Died October 6, 1794. | style="background:Template:Party color" | Robert Goodloe Harper (P) | Seated February 9, 1795
|- | nowrap | Template:Ushr | style="background:Template:Party color" | Uriah Forrest (P) | Resigned November 8, 1794. | style="background:Template:Party color" | Benjamin Edwards (P) | Seated January 2, 1795
|- | nowrap | Template:Ushr | style="background:Template:Party color" | Henry Latimer (P) | Resigned February 7, 1795, having been elected U.S. Senator. | Vacant | Not filled in this Congress |}
Committees
Lists of committees and their party leaders.
Senate
House of Representatives
- Claims (Chairman: Uriah Tracy)
- Elections (Chairman: William Loughton Smith then Jonathan Dayton)
- Rules (Select)
- Ways and Means (Chairman: William Loughton Smith)
- Whole
Joint committees
- Enrolled Bills (Chairman: John Rutherfurd)
Employees
Senate
House of Representatives
- Chaplain: Ashbel Green (Presbyterian)
- Clerk: John J. Beckley
- Doorkeeper: Gifford Dalley
- Reading Clerks: Template:Dm
- Sergeant at Arms: Joseph Wheaton
See also
- 1792 United States elections (elections leading to this Congress)
- 1794 United States elections (elections during this Congress, leading to the next Congress)
Notes
References
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