October 27: Difference between revisions

Latest revision as of 17:41, 13 November 2025

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Template:Short descriptionOctober 27 is the Template:Ordinal day of the year (Template:Ordinal in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar; 65 days remain until the end of the year.

Events

Pre-1600

312 – Constantine the Great is said to have received his famous Vision of the Cross.
1275 – Traditional founding of the city of Amsterdam.
1524 – French troops lay siege to Pavia.
1553 – Condemned as a heretic, Michael Servetus is burned at the stake just outside Geneva.

1601–1900

1644 – Second Battle of Newbury in the English Civil War.
1674 – The French garrison in Grave surrenders the town to a Dutch army after a difficult siege.^[1]
1682 – Philadelphia is founded in the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania.
1726 – J. S. Bach leads the first performance of Ich will den Kreuzstab gerne tragen, BWV 56, one of few works he called a cantata.^[2]
1775 – King George III expands on his Proclamation of Rebellion in the Thirteen Colonies in his speech from the throne at the opening of Parliament.^[3]
1795 – The United States and Spain sign the Treaty of Madrid, which establishes the boundaries between Spanish colonies and the U.S.
1806 – The French Army under Napoleon enters Berlin following the Prussian defeat at the Battle of Jena–Auerstedt.
1810 – United States annexes the former Spanish colony of West Florida.
1838 – Missouri governor Lilburn Boggs issues the Extermination Order, which orders all Mormons to leave the state or be killed.
1863 – American Civil War: Union forces led by General William F. Smith defeat Confederate forces in the Battle of Brown's Ferry, opening up a supply line to the besieged city of Chattanooga, Tennessee.^[4]
1870 – Franco-Prussian War: Marshal Bazaine surrenders to Prussian forces at the conclusion of the Siege of Metz along with 140,000 French soldiers.

1901–present

1907 – Fifteen people are killed in Hungary when gendarmes opened fire on a crowd gathered at a church consecration.
1914 – World War I: The new British battleship HMS Audacious is sunk by a minefield laid by the armed German merchant-cruiser Berlin.
1916 – Negus Mikael, marching on the Ethiopian capital in support of his son Emperor Iyasu V, is defeated by Fitawrari Habte Giyorgis, securing the throne for Empress Zewditu I.
1919 – The Fourth Regional Congress of Peasants, Workers and Insurgents is held by the Makhnovshchina at Oleksandrivsk.^[5]
1922 – A referendum in Rhodesia rejects the country's annexation to the South African Union.
1924 – The Uzbek SSR is founded in the Soviet Union.
1930 – Ratifications are exchanged in London for the first London Naval Treaty go into effect immediately, further limiting the expensive naval arms race among its five signatories.
1936 – Abdication Crisis: Mrs. Wallis Simpson obtains her divorce, which would eventually allow her to marry King Edward VIII of the United Kingdom, thus forcing his abdication from the throne.^[6]
1944 – World War II: German forces capture Banská Bystrica during Slovak National Uprising thus bringing it to an end.
1948 – A deadly smog event begins in Donora, Pennsylvania, eventually killing 20 and sickening thousands.^[7]
1954 – Benjamin O. Davis, Jr. becomes the first African-American general in the United States Air Force.
1958 – Iskander Mirza, the first President of Pakistan, is deposed by General Ayub Khan, who had been appointed the enforcer of martial law by Mirza 20 days earlier.
1961 – NASA tests the first Saturn I rocket in Mission Saturn-Apollo 1.
1962 – Major Rudolf Anderson of the United States Air Force becomes the only direct human casualty of the Cuban Missile Crisis when his U-2 reconnaissance airplane is shot down over Cuba by a Soviet-supplied surface-to-air missile.
1962 – By refusing to agree to the firing of a nuclear torpedo at a US warship, Vasily Arkhipov averts nuclear war.
1964 – Ronald Reagan delivers a speech on behalf of the Republican candidate for president, Barry Goldwater. The speech launches his political career and comes to be known as "A Time for Choosing".
1971 – The Democratic Republic of the Congo is renamed Zaire.
1979 – Saint Vincent and the Grenadines gains its independence from the United Kingdom.
1981 – Cold War: The Script error: No such module "WPSHIPS utilities".Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". runs aground on the east coast of Sweden.
1986 – The British government suddenly deregulates financial markets, leading to a total restructuring of the way in which they operate in the country, in an event now referred to as the Big Bang.
1988 – Cold War: Ronald Reagan suspends construction of the new U.S. Embassy in Moscow due to Soviet listening devices in the building structure.
1991 – Turkmenistan achieves independence from the Soviet Union.
1992 – United States Navy radioman Allen R. Schindler, Jr. is murdered by shipmate Terry M. Helvey for being gay, precipitating debate about gays in the military that results in the United States' "Don't ask, don't tell" military policy.
1993 – Widerøe Flight 744 crashes in Overhalla Municipality, Norway, killing six people.^[8]
1994 – Gliese 229B is the first Substellar Mass Object to be unquestionably identified.
1997 – The 1997 Asian financial crisis causes a crash in the Dow Jones Industrial Average.
1999 – Gunmen open fire in the Armenian Parliament, killing the Prime Minister and seven others.
2014 – Britain withdraws from Afghanistan at the end of Operation Herrick, after 12 years four months and seven days.
2017 – Catalonia declares independence from Spain.
2018 – A gunman opens fire on a Pittsburgh synagogue killing eleven and injuring six, including four police officers.
2018 – Leicester City F.C. owner Vichai Srivaddhanaprabha dies in a helicopter crash along with four others after a Premier League match against West Ham United at the King Power Stadium in Leicester, England.^[9]
2019 – Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant founder and leader Abu Bakr al-Baghdadi kills himself and three children by detonating a suicide vest during the U.S. military Barisha raid in northwestern Syria.^[10]^[11]

Births

Pre-1600

892 – Emperor Ai of Tang, Chinese emperor (died 908)
921 – Chai Rong, Chinese emperor (died 959)
1156 – Raymond VI, Count of Toulouse (died 1222)
1335 – Taejo of Joseon (died 1408)
1401 – Catherine of Valois (died 1437)
1561 – Mary Sidney, English writer, patroness and translator (died 1621)
1572 – Marie Elisabeth of France, French princess (died 1578)

1601–1900

1615 – Christian I, Duke of Saxe-Merseburg, (died 1691)
1661 – Fyodor Apraksin, Russian admiral (died 1728)
1703 – Johann Gottlieb Graun, German violinist and composer (died 1771)
1744 – Mary Moser, English painter and academic (died 1819)
1760 – August Neidhardt von Gneisenau, Prussian field marshal (died 1831)
1765 – Nancy Storace, English soprano (died 1817)
1782 – Niccolò Paganini, Italian violinist and composer (died 1840)
1806 – Juan Seguín, American colonel, judge, and politician, 101st Mayor of San Antonio (died 1890)
1811 – Stevens T. Mason, American lawyer and politician, 1st Governor of Michigan (died 1843)
1811 – Isaac Singer, American actor and businessman, founded the Singer Corporation (died 1875)
1814 – Daniel H. Wells, American religious leader and politician, 3rd Mayor of Salt Lake City (died 1891)
1838 – John Davis Long, American lawyer and politician, 34th United States Secretary of the Navy (died 1915)
1842 – Giovanni Giolitti, Italian politician, 13th Prime Minister of Italy (died 1928)
1844 – Klas Pontus Arnoldson, Swedish journalist and politician, Nobel Prize laureate (died 1916)
1854 – William Alexander Smith, Scottish religious leader, founded the Boys' Brigade (died 1914)
1858 – Elliott Lewis, Australian politician, 19th Premier of Tasmania (died 1935)
1858 – Saitō Makoto, Japanese admiral and politician, 30th Prime Minister of Japan (died 1936)
1858 – Theodore Roosevelt, American colonel and politician, 26th President of the United States, Nobel Prize laureate (died 1919)
1865 – Charles Spencelayh, English painter and academic (died 1958)
1868 – William Gillies, Australian politician, 21st Premier of Queensland (died 1928)
1877 – Walt Kuhn, American painter and academic (died 1949)
1877 – George Thompson, English cricketer and umpire (died 1943)
1884 – Shirō Takasu, Japanese admiral (died 1944)
1885 – Sigrid Hjertén, Swedish painter (died 1948)
1890 – Toshinari Shōji, Japanese general (died 1974)
1894 – Agda Helin, Swedish actress (died 1984)
1894 – Oliver Leese, English-Welsh general (died 1978)
1894 – Fritz Sauckel, German sailor and politician, convicted Nuremberg war criminal (died 1946)^[12]
1894 – Ye Shengtao, Chinese writer, educator, and politician (died 1988)^[13]

1901–present

1904 – Riho Lahi, Estonian journalist and author (died 1995)
1906 – Peter Blume, Belarusian-American painter and sculptor (died 1992)
1906 – Earle Cabell, American banker and politician, Mayor of Dallas (died 1975)
1906 – Kazuo Ohno, Japanese dancer and educator (died 2010)
1908 – Lee Krasner, American painter (died 1984)^[14]
1910 – Jack Carson, Canadian-American actor and singer (died 1963)
1910 – Margaret Hutchinson Rousseau, American chemical engineer (died 2000)
1911 – Leif Erickson, American actor (died 1986)^[14]
1913 – Joe Medicine Crow, American anthropologist, historian, and author (died 2016)
1913 – Luigi Piotti, Italian race car driver (died 1971)
1914 – Ahmet Kireççi, Turkish wrestler (died 1979)
1914 – Dylan Thomas, Welsh poet and playwright (died 1953)^[14]
1915 – Harry Saltzman, Canadian-French production manager and producer (died 1994)
1917 – Augustine Harris, English bishop (died 2007)
1917 – Oliver Tambo, South African lawyer and politician (died 1993)
1918 – Mihkel Mathiesen, Estonian engineer and politician (died 2003)
1918 – Teresa Wright, American actress and singer (died 2005)
1920 – Nanette Fabray, American actress, singer, and dancer (died 2018)^[14]
1920 – K. R. Narayanan, Indian lawyer and politician, 10th President of India (died 2005)
1921 – Warren Allen Smith, American journalist, author, and activist (died 2017)
1922 – Poul Bundgaard, Danish actor and singer (died 1998)
1922 – Ruby Dee, American actress and poet (died 2014)
1922 – Michel Galabru, French actor and playwright (died 2016)
1922 – Ralph Kiner, American baseball player and sportscaster (died 2014)^[14]
1923 – Roy Lichtenstein, American painter and sculptor (died 1997)^[14]
1923 – Ned Wertimer, American actor (died 2013)
1924 – Bonnie Lou, American singer-songwriter (died 2015)
1925 – Warren Christopher, American soldier, lawyer, and politician, 63rd United States Secretary of State (died 2011)
1925 – Jane Connell, American actress and singer (died 2013)
1925 – Paul Fox, English broadcaster (died 2024)
1925 – Monica Sims, English radio host and producer (died 2018)
1926 – Boris Chetkov, Russian painter (died 2010)
1926 – Henri Fertet, French Resistance fighter (died 1943)^[15]
1926 – H. R. Haldeman, American businessman and diplomat, 4th White House Chief of Staff (died 1993)
1926 – Takumi Shibano, Japanese author and translator (died 2010)
1927 – Dominick Argento, American composer and educator (died 2019)
1928 – Gilles Vigneault, Canadian singer-songwriter and poet
1929 – Myra Carter, American actress (died 2016)
1929 – Bill George, American football player (died 1982)
1929 – Maurice Robert Johnston, English general and politician, Lord Lieutenant of Wiltshire
1930 – Leo Baxendale, English cartoonist (died 2017)
1930 – Barry Supple, English historian and academic
1931 – Nawal El Saadawi, Egyptian physician, psychiatrist, and author (died 2021)
1931 – Anatoliy Zayaev, Ukrainian footballer and manager (died 2012)
1932 – Jean-Pierre Cassel, French actor (died 2007)
1932 – Harry Gregg, Northern Irish footballer and manager (died 2020)
1932 – Dolores Moore, American baseball player (died 2000)
1932 – Sylvia Plath, American poet, novelist, and short story writer (died 1963)^[16]
1933 – Floyd Cramer, American singer and pianist (died 1997)
1933 – Ryō Hanmura, Japanese author (died 2002)
1934 – Giorgos Konstantinou, Greek actor, director, and screenwriter
1935 – Maurício de Sousa, Brazilian journalist and cartoonist
1935 – Charlie Tagawa, Japanese-American banjo player and educator (died 2017)
1936 – Neil Sheehan, American journalist and author^[17] (died 2021)
1937 – Alma Powell, American audiologist (died 2024)^[18]^[19]
1938 – Lara Parker, American actress and author (died 2023)
1939 – John Cleese, English actor, comedian, screenwriter and producer^[20]
1939 – Suzy Covey, American scholar and academic (died 2007)
1939 – Dallas Frazier, American country music singer-songwriter (died 2022)
1940 – Arthur Blessitt, American Christian preacher (died 2025)^[21]
1940 – Julius Eastman, American composer (died 1990)^[22]
1940 – John Gotti, American mob boss (died 2002)
1940 – Maxine Hong Kingston, American author and academic
1941 – Dave Costa, American football player (died 2013)
1941 – Warren Ryan, Australian rugby league player, coach, and sportscaster
1941 – Dick Trickle, American race car driver (died 2013)
1942 – Lee Greenwood, American singer-songwriter^[23]
1942 – Janusz Korwin-Mikke, Polish journalist and politician
1943 – Carmen Argenziano, American actor and producer (died 2019)
1943 – Jerry Rook, American basketball player and coach (died 2019)
1944 – J. A. Jance, American author and poet
1945 – Arild Andersen, Norwegian bassist and composer
1945 – Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva, Brazilian union leader and politician, 35 and 39th President of Brazil^[14]
1945 – Carrie Snodgress, American actress (died 2004)
1946 – Peter Martins, Danish dancer and choreographer
1946 – Steven R. Nagel, American colonel, engineer, and astronaut (died 2014)
1946 – Ivan Reitman, Slovak-Canadian actor, director, and producer (died 2022)^[14]
1947 – Terry A. Anderson, American journalist (died 2024)^[24]
1948 – Kevin Borich, New Zealand-Australian guitarist and songwriter^[25]
1949 – Garry Tallent, American bass player and record producer^[23]
1950 – Michael Driscoll, English economist and academic
1950 – Fran Lebowitz, American author^[23]
1950 – Július Šupler, Slovak ice hockey player and coach
1950 – A. N. Wilson, English journalist, historian, and author
1951 – K. K. Downing, English guitarist and songwriter^[23]
1951 – Carlos Frenk, Mexican-English physicist, cosmologist, and academic
1951 – Nancy Jacobs, American politician
1951 – Jayne Kennedy, American model, actress, and sportscaster^[23]
1952 – Roberto Benigni, Italian actor, director, and screenwriter^[23]
1952 – Francis Fukuyama, American political scientist, economist, and author
1952 – Atsuyoshi Furuta, Japanese footballer
1952 – Topi Sorsakoski, Finnish singer-songwriter (died 2011)
1953 – Peter Firth, English actor^[23]
1953 – Robert Picardo, American actor, director, and screenwriter^[23]
1954 – Jan Duursema, American illustrator
1954 – Mike Kelley, American artist and musician (died 2012)
1954 – Chris Tavaré, English cricketer and biologist
1955 – Debra Bowen, American lawyer and politician, 31st Secretary of State of California
1956 – Patty Sheehan, American golfer
1956 – Babis Tsertos, Greek singer-songwriter and bouzouki player
1957 – Glenn Hoddle, English footballer and manager
1957 – Peter Marc Jacobson, American actor, director, and producer
1958 – Gordon Cowans, English footballer
1958 – David Hazeltine, American pianist and composer
1958 – Simon Le Bon, English singer-songwriter^[23]
1958 – Jonathan Shapiro, South African political cartoonist who uses the pseudonym Zapiro
1958 – Felix Wurman, American cellist and composer (died 2009)
1958 – Donnell Thompson, American football player (died 2024)^[26]
1959 – Rick Carlisle, American basketball player and coach
1960 – Tom Nieto, American baseball player, coach, and manager
1963 – David Hall, Australian horse trainer
1963 – Marla Maples, American model and actress^[14]
1963 – Tom McKean, Scottish runner
1964 – Mary T. Meagher, American swimmer
1964 – Mark Taylor, Australian cricketer and sportscaster
1964 – Ian Wells, English footballer (died 2013)
1965 – Mohan Kapoor, Indian television and film actor
1966 – Steve Almond, American author and educator
1966 – Kit Malthouse, English accountant and politician
1966 – Hege Nerland, Norwegian lawyer and politician (died 2007)
1966 – Masanobu Takashima, Japanese actor
1967 – Simone Moro, Italian mountaineer and pilot
1967 – Dejan Raičković, Montenegrin footballer and manager
1967 – Scott Weiland, American singer-songwriter (died 2015)^[14]
1968 – Alain Auderset, Swiss author and illustrator
1968 – Dileep, Indian actor and producer
1968 – Vinny Samways, English footballer and manager
1969 – Marek Napiórkowski, Polish jazz guitarist and composer
1969 – Michael Tarnat, German footballer
1970 – Karl Backman, Swedish guitarist and songwriter
1970 – Felix Bwalya, Zambian boxer (died 1997)
1970 – Adrian Erlandsson, Swedish drummer
1970 – Jonathan Stroud, English author
1970 – Ruslana Taran, Ukrainian sailor
1971 – Stefano Guidoni, Italian footballer
1971 – Jorge Soto, Peruvian footballer
1971 – Theodoros Zagorakis, Greek footballer and politician
1972 – Lee Clark, English footballer and manager
1972 – Elissa, Lebanese singer
1972 – Evan Coyne Maloney, American director, producer, and screenwriter
1972 – Maria Mutola, Mozambican runner and coach
1972 – Brad Radke, American baseball player
1973 – Jason Johnson, American baseball player
1973 – Semmy Schilt, Dutch kick-boxer and mixed martial artist
1975 – Predrag Drobnjak, Montenegrin basketball player^[27]
1975 – Nicola Mazzucato, Italian rugby player and coach
1975 – Aron Ralston, American mountaineer and engineer
1976 – Bobby Fish, American professional wrestler
1976 – Maneet Chauhan, Indian-American chef and author
1976 – Wilson Júnior, Brazilian footballer
1977 – Jiří Jarošík, Czech footballer
1977 – Sheeri Rappaport, American actress^[23]
1977 – Kumar Sangakkara, Sri Lankan cricketer
1978 – Sergei Samsonov, Russian ice hockey player and scout
1978 – Vanessa-Mae, Singaporean-English violinist and skier
1979 – Hiroyuki Yamamoto, Japanese footballer
1980 – Sayuri Osuga, Japanese speed skater and cyclist
1980 – Tanel Padar, Estonian singer-songwriter and guitarist
1980 – Henriett Seth F., Hungarian autistic savant artist and author^[28]
1981 – Salem Al Fakir, Swedish singer and keyboard player
1981 – Sririta Jensen, Thai actress and model
1981 – Volkan Demirel, Turkish footballer
1981 – Kristi Richards, Canadian skier
1982 – Patrick Fugit, American actor and producer
1982 – Takashi Tsukamoto, Japanese actor and singer
1983 – Brent Clevlen, American baseball player
1983 – Martín Prado, Venezuelan baseball player
1984 – Yi Jianlian, Chinese basketball player
1984 – Kostas Kapetanos, Greek footballer
1984 – Kelly Osbourne, English television personality^[23]
1984 – Brady Quinn, American football player
1984 – Emilie Ullerup, Danish-Canadian actress
1985 – Sirli Hanni, Estonian biathlete
1985 – Alex Soros, American investor and philanthropist^[29]
1986 – Chris Butler, American ice hockey player^[30]
1986 – Anna Cruz, Spanish basketball player^[31]
1986 – Christine Evangelista, American actress^[23]
1986 – Crystal Langhorne, American basketball player^[32]
1986 – Jon Niese, American baseball player
1986 – Matty Pattison, South African-English footballer
1986 – David Warner, Australian cricketer
1986 – Lou Williams, American basketball player^[33]
1987 – Thelma Aoyama, Japanese singer
1987 – Björn Barrefors, Swedish decathlete and heptathlete
1987 – Andrew Bynum, American basketball player
1987 – Guillaume Franke, French-German rugby player
1988 – Brady Ellison, American archer
1988 – Viktor Genev, Bulgarian footballer
1988 – Illimar Pärn, Estonian ski jumper
1988 – Evan Turner, American basketball player
1989 – Mark Barron, American football player
1990 – Alex Bentley, American-Belarusian basketball player^[34]
1990 – Dimitrios Gkourtsas, Greek footballer
1990 – Oktovianus Maniani, Indonesian footballer
1991 – Shohei Takahashi, Japanese footballer
1992 – Stephan El Shaarawy, Italian footballer
1992 – Emily Hagins, American director, producer, and screenwriter
1992 – Brandon Saad, American ice hockey player
1992 – Daniel Sams, Australian cricketer^[35]
1993 – Troy Gentile, American actor^[23]
1993 – Kiefer Ravena, Filipino basketball player
1994 – Rasmus Ristolainen, Finnish ice hockey player^[36]
1995 – Leon Draisaitl, German ice hockey player^[37]
1996 – Rasmus Andersson, Swedish ice hockey player^[38]
1996 – Kim Woo-seok, South Korean singer and actor^[39]
1997 – Lonzo Ball, American basketball player
1997 – James TW, English singer-songwriter^[40]
1999 – Haruka Kudo, Japanese singer and actress

Deaths

Pre-1600

939 – Æthelstan, English king^[41]
1052 – Qirwash ibn al-Muqallad, Uqaylid emir^[42]
1269 – Ulrich III, Duke of Carinthia (born c.1220)
1272 – Hugh IV, Duke of Burgundy (born 1213)
1277 – Walter de Merton, Lord Chancellor of England
1303 – Beatrice of Castile, wife of King Afonso III of Portugal
1312 – John II, Duke of Brabant (born 1275)
1326 – Hugh le Despenser, 1st Earl of Winchester (born 1262)
1327 – Elizabeth de Burgh, queen of Robert the Bruce^[43]
1329 – Mahaut, Countess of Artois (born 1268)
1331 – Abulfeda, Arab historian and geographer (born 1273)
1430 – Vytautas, Lithuanian ruler (born 1350)
1439 – Albert II of Germany (born 1397)
1441 – Margery Jourdemayne, executed for treasonable witchcraft
1449 – Ulugh Beg, Persian astronomer, mathematician and sultan (born 1394)
1485 – Rodolphus Agricola, Dutch philosopher, poet and educator (born 1443)
1505 – Ivan III of Russia (born 1440)
1513 – George Manners, 11th Baron de Ros, English nobleman
1553 – Michael Servetus, Spanish physician and theologian (born 1511)
1561 – Lope de Aguirre, Spanish explorer (born 1510)
1573 – Laurentius Petri, Swedish archbishop (born 1499)

1601–1900

1605 – Akbar, Mughal emperor (born 1542)
1613 – Gabriel Báthory, Prince of Transylvania (born 1589)
1617 – Ralph Winwood, English lawyer and politician, English Secretary of State (born 1563)
1666 – Robert Hubert, French watchmaker (born 1640)
1670 – Vavasor Powell, Welsh minister (born 1617)
1674 – Hallgrímur Pétursson, Icelandic minister and poet (born 1614)
1675 – Gilles de Roberval, French mathematician and academic (born 1602)
1789 – John Cook, American farmer and politician, 6th Governor of Delaware (born 1730)
1812 – Isaac Brock, British army officer and administrator, Lieutenant Governor of Upper Canada (born 1769)
1816 – Santō Kyōden, Japanese poet and painter (born 1761)
1880 – Thrasyvoulos Zaimis, Greek soldier and politician, 48th Prime Minister of Greece (born 1822)

1901–present

1917 – Arthur Rhys-Davids, English lieutenant and pilot (born 1897)
1926 – Warren Wood, American golfer and soldier (born 1887)
1927 – Squizzy Taylor, Australian gangster (born 1888)
1929 – Théodore Tuffier, French surgeon (born 1857)
1930 – Ellen Hayes, American mathematician and astronomer (born 1851)
1935 – Ernest Eldridge, English race car driver (born 1897)
1942 – Helmuth Hübener, German activist (born 1925)
1944 – Judith Auer, German World War II resistance fighter (born 1905)^[44]
1947 – William Fay, Irish actor and producer, co-founded the Abbey Theatre (born 1872)
1949 – Marcel Cerdan, Algerian-French boxer (born 1916)
1953 – Thomas Wass, English cricketer (born 1873)
1957 – James McGirr, Australian politician, 28th Premier of New South Wales (born 1890)
1962 – Rudolf Anderson, American soldier and pilot (born 1927)
1962 – Enrico Mattei, Italian businessman and politician (born 1906)
1968 – Lise Meitner, Austrian-English physicist and academic (born 1878)^[45]
1974 – C. P. Ramanujam, Indian mathematician and academic (born 1938)
1975 – Rex Stout, American detective novelist (born 1886)
1977 – James M. Cain, American journalist and author (born 1892)
1980 – Judy LaMarsh, Canadian soldier, lawyer, and politician, 42nd Secretary of State for Canada (born 1924)
1980 – John Hasbrouck Van Vleck, American physicist and mathematician, Nobel Prize laureate (born 1899)
1982 – Miguel Ydígoras Fuentes, President of Guatemala (1958–1963) (born 1895)
1988 – Charles Hawtrey, English actor, singer, and pianist (born 1914)
1990 – Xavier Cugat, Spanish-American violinist, bandleader, and actor (born 1900)
1990 – Jacques Demy, French actor, singer, director, and screenwriter (born 1931)
1990 – Elliott Roosevelt, American general and author (born 1910)
1990 – Ugo Tognazzi, Italian actor, director, and screenwriter (born 1922)
1991 – George Barker, English author and poet (born 1913)
1992 – David Bohm, American-English physicist and philosopher (born 1917)
1992 – Allen R. Schindler, Jr. American sailor (born 1969)
1996 – Arthur Tremblay, Canadian lawyer and politician (born 1917)
1997 – Mahala Andrews, British vertebrae palaeontologist (born 1939)^[46]
1999 – Robert Mills, American physicist and academic (born 1927)
1999 – Charlotte Perriand, French architect and designer (born 1903)
2000 – Walter Berry, Austrian lyric bass-baritone (born 1929)
2001 – Pradeep Kumar, Indian actor, director, and producer (born 1925)
2002 – Tom Dowd, American record producer and engineer (born 1925)
2002 – Valve Pormeister, Estonian architect (born 1922)
2003 – Rod Roddy, American game show announcer (born 1937)
2003 – Stephanie Tyrell, American songwriter and producer (born 1949)
2004 – Lester Lanin, American bandleader (born 1907)
2004 – Paulo Sérgio Oliveira da Silva, Brazilian footballer (born 1974)
2004 – Zdenko Runjić, Croatian songwriter and producer (born 1942)
2005 – Jerry Cooke, Ukrainian-American photographer and journalist (born 1921)
2006 – Jozsef Gregor, Hungarian opera singer (born 1940)
2006 – Reko Lundán, Finnish journalist and author (born 1969)
2006 – Marlin McKeever, American football player (born 1940)
2006 – Joe Niekro, American baseball player (born 1944)
2006 – Brad Will, American journalist and activist (born 1970)
2007 – Moira Lister, South African actress (born 1923)
2008 – Chris Bryant, English actor and screenwriter (born 1936)
2008 – Ray Ellis, American conductor and producer (born 1923)
2008 – Frank Nagai, Japanese singer (born 1932)
2008 – Roy Stewart, Jamaican-English actor and stuntman (born 1925)
2009 – John David Carson, American actor (born 1952)
2009 – August Coppola, American author and academic (born 1934)
2009 – David Shepherd, English cricketer and umpire (born 1940)
2009 – Taylor Mitchell, Canadian singer and songwriter (born 1990)^[47]
2010 – Néstor Kirchner, Argentinian lawyer and politician, 51st President of Argentina (born 1950)
2011 – James Hillman, American psychologist and author (born 1926)
2011 – Robert Pritzker, American businessman, co-founded Marmon Group (born 1926)
2012 – Terry Callier, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (born 1945)
2012 – Angelo Maria Cicolani, Italian engineer and politician (born 1952)
2012 – Regina Dourado, Brazilian actress (born 1952)
2012 – Hans Werner Henze, German composer and educator (born 1926)
2012 – Rodney S. Quinn, American colonel, pilot, and politician, 44th Secretary of State of Maine (born 1923)
2012 – Göran Stangertz, Swedish actor and director (born 1944)
2013 – Noel Davern, Irish lawyer and politician, Minister for Education and Skills (born 1945)
2013 – Leonard Herzenberg, American immunologist, geneticist, and academic (born 1931)
2013 – Luigi Magni, Italian director and screenwriter (born 1928)
2013 – Lou Reed, American singer-songwriter, guitarist, producer, and actor (born 1942)
2013 – Michael Wilkes, English general and politician, Lieutenant Governor of Jersey (born 1940)
2013 – Vinko Coce, Croatian opera and pop singer (born 1954)
2014 – Daniel Boulanger, French actor and screenwriter (born 1922)
2014 – Shin Hae-chul, South Korean singer-songwriter and producer (born 1968)
2014 – Starke Taylor, American soldier and politician, mayor of Dallas (born 1922)
2015 – Ayerdhal, French author (born 1959)
2015 – Ranjit Roy Chaudhury, Indian pharmacologist and academic (born 1930)
2015 – Betsy Drake, French-American actress and singer (born 1923)
2015 – Philip French, English journalist, critic, and producer (born 1933)^[48]
2016 – Takahito, Prince Mikasa, member of the Imperial Family of Japan (born 1915)
2018 – Vichai Srivaddhanaprabha, Thai businessman, chairman of Leicester City F.C.^[49]^[50] (born 1958)
2019 – Abu Bakr al-Baghdadi, leader of the Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant (ISIL); suicide (born 1971)^[10]^[11]
2023 – Li Keqiang, premier of China (born 1955)^[51]
2025 – Prunella Scales, English actress (born 1932)^[52]

Holidays and observances

Christian feast day:
Černová Tragedy Day (Slovakia)
Flag Day (Greece)
Independence Day (Saint Vincent and the Grenadines), celebrates the independence of Saint Vincent and the Grenadines from United Kingdom in 1979.
International Religious Freedom Day (United States)^[53]
National Black Cat Day (United Kingdom)^[54]
Navy Day (United States) (unofficial, official date is October 13)
World Day for Audiovisual Heritage^[55]

References

Template:Reflist

External links

Template:Sister project

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@@ Line 16: / Line 16: @@
 *[[1674]] &ndash; The French garrison in [[Grave, Netherlands|Grave]] surrenders the town to a Dutch army after [[Siege of Grave (1674)|a difficult siege]].<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Laguette |first1=J. A. |date=1974 |title=Beleg en herovering van Grave in 1674|url=https://www.militairespectator.nl/sites/default/files/bestanden/uitgaven/1918/1974/1974-0547-01-0157.PDF|journal=Militaire Spectator |pages=547–556|language=Dutch}}</ref>
 *[[1682]] &ndash; [[Philadelphia]] is founded in the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania.
+*[[1726]] &ndash; [[Johann Sebastian Bach|J. S. Bach]] leads the first performance of [[Ich will den Kreuzstab gerne tragen, BWV 56|''Ich will den Kreuzstab gerne tragen'', BWV 56]], one of few works he called a cantata.<ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.bach-digital.de/receive/BachDigitalWork_work_00000071?lang=en | title = Ich will den Kreuzstab gerne tragen BWV 56; BC A 146 | website = [[Bach Digital]] | date = 2025 | access-date = 25 October 2018}}</ref>
 *[[1775]] &ndash; [[George III|King George III]] expands on his [[Proclamation of Rebellion]] in the Thirteen Colonies in his speech from the throne at the opening of Parliament.<ref>{{cite web| url = https://www.loc.gov/teachers/classroommaterials/presentationsandactivities/presentations/timeline/amrev/shots/address.html| title = Proclamation of Rebellion| website = [[Library of Congress]]}}</ref>
 *[[1795]] &ndash; The United States and Spain sign the [[Treaty of Madrid (1795)|Treaty of Madrid]], which establishes the boundaries between Spanish colonies and the U.S.
 *[[1806]] &ndash; The French Army under Napoleon [[Fall of Berlin (1806)|enters Berlin]] following the Prussian defeat at the [[Battle of Jena–Auerstedt]].
 *[[1810]] &ndash; United States annexes the former Spanish colony of [[West Florida]].
-*[[1838]] &ndash; Missouri governor [[Lilburn Boggs]] issues the [[Extermination Order (Mormonism)|Extermination Order]], which orders all Mormons to leave the state or be killed.
+*[[1838]] &ndash; Missouri governor [[Lilburn Boggs]] issues the [[Missouri Executive Order 44|Extermination Order]], which orders all Mormons to leave the state or be killed.
 *[[1863]] &ndash; [[American Civil War]]: [[Union (American Civil War)|Union]] forces led by General [[William Farrar Smith|William F. Smith]] defeat [[Confederate States of America|Confederate]] forces in the [[Battle of Brown's Ferry]], opening up a [[Military supply-chain management|supply line]] to the [[Chattanooga campaign|besieged]] city of [[Chattanooga, Tennessee]].<ref>{{cite web|title=The Fight at Brown's Ferry|url=https://www.battlefields.org/learn/articles/fight-browns-ferry|publisher=American Battlefield Trust|website=Battlefields.org|access-date=October 29, 2024}}</ref>
-*[[1870]] &ndash; Franco-Prussian War: Marshal Bazaine surrenders to Prussian forces at the conclusion of the [[Siege of Metz (1870)|Siege of Metz]] along with 140,000 French soldiers.
+*[[1870]] &ndash; [[Franco-Prussian War]]: Marshal Bazaine surrenders to Prussian forces at the conclusion of the [[Siege of Metz (1870)|Siege of Metz]] along with 140,000 French soldiers.
 ===1901–present===
@@ Line 29: / Line 30: @@
 *[[1916]] &ndash; Negus Mikael, marching on the Ethiopian capital in support of his son Emperor Iyasu V, [[Battle of Segale|is defeated]] by Fitawrari Habte Giyorgis, securing the throne for Empress Zewditu I.
 *[[1919]] &ndash; The [[Regional Congress of Peasants, Workers and Insurgents#Fourth Congress (October 1919)|Fourth Regional Congress of Peasants, Workers and Insurgents]] is held by the [[Makhnovshchina]] at [[Zaporizhzhia|Oleksandrivsk]].<ref>{{cite book|first=Michael|last=Malet|url=https://libcom.org/library/nestro-makhno-russian-civil-war|title=Nestor Makhno in the Russian Civil War|year=1982|isbn=0-333-25969-6|oclc=1194667963|publisher=[[Palgrave Macmillan]]|location=[[London]]|pages=108–109}}</ref>
-*[[1922]] &ndash; A [[Southern Rhodesian government referendum, 1922|referendum]] in Rhodesia rejects the country's annexation to the South African Union.
+*[[1922]] &ndash; A [[Southern Rhodesian government referendum, 1922|referendum]] in Rhodesia rejects the country's annexation to the [[Union of South Africa|South African Union]].
-*[[1924]] &ndash; The [[Uzbek Soviet Socialist Republic|Uzbek SSR]] is founded in the Soviet Union.
+*[[1924]] &ndash; The [[Uzbek Soviet Socialist Republic|Uzbek SSR]] is founded in the [[Soviet Union]].
-*[[1930]] &ndash; Ratifications exchanged in London for the first [[London Naval Treaty]] go into effect immediately, further limiting the expensive naval arms race among its five signatories.
+*[[1930]] &ndash; Ratifications are exchanged in London for the first [[London Naval Treaty]] go into effect immediately, further limiting the expensive naval arms race among its five signatories.
-*[[1936]] &ndash; Mrs. Wallis Simpson obtains her divorce, which would eventually allow her to marry [[King Edward VIII]] of the United Kingdom, thus forcing his [[Edward VIII abdication crisis|abdication]] from the throne.<ref>{{cite news|title=Divorce Decree for Mrs. Simpson|work=Liverpool Evening Express|date=27 October 1936|page=1}}</ref>
+*[[1936]] &ndash; [[Abdication of Edward VIII|Abdication Crisis]]:  Mrs. Wallis Simpson obtains her divorce, which would eventually allow her to marry [[King Edward VIII]] of the United Kingdom, thus forcing his [[Edward VIII abdication crisis|abdication]] from the throne.<ref>{{cite news|title=Divorce Decree for Mrs. Simpson|work=Liverpool Evening Express|date=27 October 1936|page=1}}</ref>
 *[[1944]] &ndash; [[World War II]]: [[Wehrmacht|German forces]] capture [[Banská Bystrica]] during [[Slovak National Uprising]] thus bringing it to an end.
-*[[1948]] &ndash; [[1948 Donora smog|Ecological disaster]] in [[Donora, Pennsylvania]].<ref>{{cite news|author=Hamill, Sean D. |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2008/11/02/us/02smog.html |title=Unveiling a Museum, a Pennsylvania Town Remembers the Smog That Killed 20|newspaper=[[The New York Times]]|date= November 1, 2008|access-date= November 2, 2008}}</ref>
+*[[1948]] &ndash; A [[1948 Donora smog|deadly smog]] event begins in [[Donora, Pennsylvania]], eventually killing 20 and sickening thousands.<ref>{{cite news|author=Hamill, Sean D. |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2008/11/02/us/02smog.html |title=Unveiling a Museum, a Pennsylvania Town Remembers the Smog That Killed 20|newspaper=[[The New York Times]]|date= November 1, 2008|access-date= November 2, 2008}}</ref>
 *[[1954]] &ndash; [[Benjamin O. Davis, Jr.]] becomes the first [[African-American]] general in the [[United States Air Force]].
-*[[1958]] &ndash; Iskander Mirza, the first President of Pakistan, is [[1958 Pakistani coup d'état|deposed]] by General Ayub Khan, who had been appointed the enforcer of martial law by Mirza 20 days earlier.
+*[[1958]] &ndash; [[Iskander Mirza]], the first President of Pakistan, is [[1958 Pakistani coup d'état|deposed]] by General [[Ayub Khan]], who had been appointed the enforcer of martial law by Mirza 20 days earlier.
 *[[1961]] &ndash; NASA tests the first Saturn I rocket in [[SA-1 (Apollo)|Mission Saturn-Apollo 1]].
 *[[1962]] &ndash; Major [[Rudolf Anderson]] of the United States Air Force becomes the only direct human casualty of the [[Cuban Missile Crisis]] when his U-2 reconnaissance airplane is shot down over Cuba by a Soviet-supplied surface-to-air missile.
 *  1962   &ndash; By refusing to agree to the firing of a nuclear torpedo at a US warship, [[Vasily Arkhipov (vice admiral)|Vasily Arkhipov]] averts nuclear war.
-*[[1964]] &ndash; [[Ronald Reagan]] delivers a speech on behalf of the Republican candidate for president, Barry Goldwater. The speech launches his political career and comes to be known as "[[A Time for Choosing]]".
+*[[1964]] &ndash; [[Ronald Reagan]] delivers a speech on behalf of the [[Republican Party (United States)|Republican]] candidate for president, [[Barry Goldwater]]. The speech launches his political career and comes to be known as "[[A Time for Choosing]]".
-*[[1971]] &ndash; The [[Democratic Republic of the Congo]] is renamed [[Zaire]].
+*[[1971]] &ndash; The [[Republic of the Congo (Léopoldville)|Democratic Republic of the Congo]] is renamed [[Zaire]].
 *[[1979]] &ndash; [[Saint Vincent and the Grenadines]] gains its independence from the United Kingdom.
-*[[1981]] &ndash; Cold War: The {{ship|Soviet submarine|S-363}} runs aground on the east coast of Sweden.
+*[[1981]] &ndash; [[Cold War]]: The {{ship|Soviet submarine|S-363}} runs aground on the east coast of Sweden.
 *[[1986]] &ndash; The British government suddenly deregulates financial markets, leading to a total restructuring of the way in which they operate in the country, in an event now referred to as the [[Big Bang (financial markets)|Big Bang]].
 *[[1988]] &ndash; Cold War: Ronald Reagan suspends construction of the new [[Embassy of the United States, Moscow|U.S. Embassy in Moscow]] due to Soviet listening devices in the building structure.
@@ Line 96: / Line 97: @@
 *[[1894]] &ndash; [[Agda Helin]], Swedish actress (died 1984)
 *  1894   &ndash; [[Oliver Leese]], English-Welsh general (died 1978)
-*  1894   &ndash; [[Fritz Sauckel]], German sailor and politician (died 1946)
+*  1894   &ndash; [[Fritz Sauckel]], German sailor and politician, convicted [[Nuremberg trials|Nuremberg]] war criminal (died 1946)<ref>{{Cite web |title=Who was Fritz Sauckel |url=https://www.museum-zwangsarbeit.de/en/geschichte/fritz-sauckel}}</ref>
 *  1894   &ndash; [[Ye Shengtao]], Chinese writer, educator, and politician (died 1988)<ref>{{Cite web |title=叶圣陶诞辰120周年 北大：其教育理念未过时 |url=http://sd.ifeng.com/dongying/jiaoyuzixun/detail_2014_10/29/3080357_0.shtml|website=sd.ifeng.com|access-date=14 April 2023}}</ref>
@@ Line 160: / Line 161: @@
 *  1939 &ndash; [[Dallas Frazier]], American country music singer-songwriter (died 2022)
 *  [[1940]] &ndash; [[Arthur Blessitt]], American Christian preacher (died 2025)<ref>{{Cite news |last=Risen |first=Clay |date=January 24, 2025 |title=Arthur Blessitt, Who Carried a Cross Around the World, Dies at 84 |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2025/01/24/us/arthur-blessitt-dead.html |access-date=February 8, 2025 |work=[[The New York Times]] |language=en-US |issn=0362-4331}}</ref>
+* 1940 &ndash; [[Julius Eastman]], American composer (died 1990)<ref>{{cite web | url = https://www.aseatatthepiano.com/composers/julius-eastman | title = Julius Eastman | access-date = October 29, 2025  }} </ref>
 *1940 &ndash; [[John Gotti]], American mob boss (died 2002)
 *  1940   &ndash; [[Maxine Hong Kingston]], American author and academic
@@ Line 176: / Line 178: @@
 *  1946   &ndash; [[Steven R. Nagel]], American colonel, engineer, and astronaut (died 2014)
 *  1946   &ndash; [[Ivan Reitman]], Slovak-Canadian actor, director, and producer (died 2022)<ref name="UPI" />
-*[[1947]] &ndash; [[Terry A. Anderson]], American journalist (died 2024)<ref>{{cite news|title=Terry Anderson, AP reporter abducted in Lebanon and held captive for years, has died at 76|last=Meldrum|first=Andrew|last2=Weber|first2=Christopher|date=21 April 2024|publisher=[[ABC News (United States)|ABC News]]|url=https://abcnews.go.com/amp/US/wireStory/terry-anderson-ap-reporter-held-captive-years-died-109479051|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240427171932/https://abcnews.go.com/amp/US/wireStory/terry-anderson-ap-reporter-held-captive-years-died-109479051|archive-date=27 April 2024|access-date=18 August 2024}}</ref>
+*[[1947]] &ndash; [[Terry A. Anderson]], American journalist (died 2024)<ref>{{cite news|title=Terry Anderson, AP reporter abducted in Lebanon and held captive for years, has died at 76|last1=Meldrum|first1=Andrew|last2=Weber|first2=Christopher|date=21 April 2024|publisher=[[ABC News (United States)|ABC News]]|url=https://abcnews.go.com/amp/US/wireStory/terry-anderson-ap-reporter-held-captive-years-died-109479051|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240427171932/https://abcnews.go.com/amp/US/wireStory/terry-anderson-ap-reporter-held-captive-years-died-109479051|archive-date=27 April 2024|access-date=18 August 2024}}</ref>
 *[[1948]] &ndash; [[Kevin Borich]], New Zealand-Australian guitarist and songwriter<ref name="APRA Gonna See">{{cite web|publisher=[[Australasian Performing Right Association]] (APRA)|title="Gonna See My Baby Tonight" at APRA search engine|url=http://www.apra-amcos.com.au/worksearch.axd?q=Gonna%20See%20My%20Baby%20Tonight|access-date=17 April 2009}}</ref>
 *[[1949]] &ndash; [[Garry Tallent]], American bass player and record producer<ref name="AP" />
@@ Line 380: / Line 382: @@
 *  1999   &ndash; [[Charlotte Perriand]], French architect and designer (born 1903)
 * [[2000]] &ndash; [[Walter Berry (bass-baritone)|Walter Berry]], Austrian lyric bass-baritone (born 1929)
-* [[2001]] &ndash; [[Pradeep Kumar]], Indian actor, director, and producer (born 1925)
+* [[2001]] &ndash; [[Pradeep Kumar (actor)|Pradeep Kumar]], Indian actor, director, and producer (born 1925)
 * [[2002]] &ndash; [[Tom Dowd]], American record producer and engineer (born 1925)
 *  2002   &ndash; [[Valve Pormeister]], Estonian architect (born 1922)
@@ Line 402: / Line 404: @@
 *  2009   &ndash; [[August Coppola]], American author and academic (born 1934)
 *  2009   &ndash; [[David Shepherd (umpire)|David Shepherd]], English cricketer and umpire (born 1940)
-*  2009   &ndash; [[Taylor Mitchell]], Canadian singer and songwriter (born 1990)<ref>{{cite web|url=http://toronto.ctvnews.ca/woman-airlifted-after-attack-by-coyotes-in-cape-breton-1.447983|title=Woman airlifted after attack by coyotes in Cape Breton|date=October 27, 2009|work=CTV News|accessdate=May 13, 2018|archive-date=June 15, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180615004453/https://toronto.ctvnews.ca/woman-airlifted-after-attack-by-coyotes-in-cape-breton-1.447983|url-status=live}}</ref>
+*  2009   &ndash; [[Taylor Mitchell]], Canadian singer and songwriter (born 1990)<ref>{{cite web|url=http://toronto.ctvnews.ca/woman-airlifted-after-attack-by-coyotes-in-cape-breton-1.447983|title=Woman airlifted after attack by coyotes in Cape Breton|date=October 27, 2009|work=CTV News|access-date=May 13, 2018|archive-date=June 15, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180615004453/https://toronto.ctvnews.ca/woman-airlifted-after-attack-by-coyotes-in-cape-breton-1.447983|url-status=dead}}</ref>
 * [[2010]] &ndash; [[Néstor Kirchner]], Argentinian lawyer and politician, 51st [[President of Argentina]] (born 1950)
 * [[2011]] &ndash; [[James Hillman]], American psychologist and author (born 1926)
@@ Line 426: / Line 428: @@
 *  2015   &ndash; [[Philip French]], English journalist, critic, and producer (born 1933)<ref>{{cite web |title=Philip French obituary |url=https://www.theguardian.com/film/2015/oct/27/philip-french |website=The Guardian |access-date=9 January 2022 |language=en |date=27 October 2015}}</ref>
 * [[2016]] &ndash; [[Takahito, Prince Mikasa]], member of the Imperial Family of Japan (born 1915)
-* [[2018]] &ndash; [[Vichai Srivaddhanaprabha]], chairman of Leicester City F.C<ref>{{cite news |title=Leicester City confirm chairman's death |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-leicestershire-46013381 |website=BBC News |access-date=28 October 2018}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=King Power Stadium incident |url=https://leics.police.uk/news-appeals/news/2018/10/28/king-power-stadium-incident-five-believed-dead |website=Leicestershire Police |access-date=28 October 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181028224000/https://leics.police.uk/news-appeals/news/2018/10/28/king-power-stadium-incident-five-believed-dead |archive-date=28 October 2018 |url-status=dead }}</ref> (born 1958)
+* [[2018]] &ndash; [[Vichai Srivaddhanaprabha]], Thai businessman, chairman of Leicester City F.C.<ref>{{cite news |title=Leicester City confirm chairman's death |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-leicestershire-46013381 |website=BBC News |access-date=28 October 2018}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=King Power Stadium incident |url=https://leics.police.uk/news-appeals/news/2018/10/28/king-power-stadium-incident-five-believed-dead |publisher=Leicestershire Police |access-date=28 October 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181028224000/https://leics.police.uk/news-appeals/news/2018/10/28/king-power-stadium-incident-five-believed-dead |archive-date=28 October 2018 |url-status=dead }}</ref> (born 1958)
 * [[2019]] &ndash; [[Abu Bakr al-Baghdadi]], leader of the Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant (ISIL); suicide (born 1971)<ref name=bbc /><ref name=cnn />
-* [[2023]] &ndash; [[Li Keqiang]], premier of [[China]] (born 1955)<ref>{{Cite news |last=Tan |first=Yvette |last2=McDonnell |first2=Stephen |date=27 October 2023 |title=Former China PM Li Keqiang dead at 68 |work=[[BBC News]] |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-67235777/ |access-date=27 October 2023}}</ref>
+* [[2023]] &ndash; [[Li Keqiang]], premier of [[China]] (born 1955)<ref>{{Cite news |last1=Tan |first1=Yvette |last2=McDonnell |first2=Stephen |date=27 October 2023 |title=Former China PM Li Keqiang dead at 68 |work=[[BBC News]] |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-67235777 |access-date=27 October 2023}}</ref>
+* [[2025]] &ndash; [[Prunella Scales]], English actress (born 1932)<ref name=nytobit>{{cite web |last=King |first=Natasha |title=Prunella Scales, Sybil on 'Fawlty Towers,' Dies at 93 | website=[[The New York Times]] |date=28 October 2025 |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2025/10/28/arts/television/prunella-scales-dead.html?smid=nytcore-android-share |access-date=28 October 2025}}</ref>
 ==Holidays and observances==
@@ Line 443: / Line 446: @@
 * [[Flag Day (Greece)]]
 * [[Independence Day (Saint Vincent and the Grenadines)]], celebrates the independence of [[Saint Vincent and the Grenadines]] from United Kingdom in 1979.
-* [[International Religious Freedom Act|International Religious Freedom Day (United States)]]<ref>https://editorials.voa.gov/a/international-religious-freedom-day/5139812.html</ref>
+* [[International Religious Freedom Act|International Religious Freedom Day (United States)]]<ref>{{Cite web | title=International Religious Freedom Day | url=https://editorials.voa.gov/a/international-religious-freedom-day/5139812.html | access-date=2025-08-30 | website=editorials.voa.gov | date=27 October 2019 }}</ref>
-* National Black Cat Day (United Kingdom)<ref name="usatodayncd">https://www.usatoday.com/story/life/pets/2024/10/25/set-superstition-aside-on-national-black-cat-day/75570857007/</ref>
+* National Black Cat Day (United Kingdom)<ref name="usatodayncd">{{Cite web | title=Set superstition aside on National Black Cat Day | url=https://www.usatoday.com/story/life/pets/2024/10/25/set-superstition-aside-on-national-black-cat-day/75570857007/ | access-date=2025-08-30 | website=www.usatoday.com}}</ref>
 * [[Navy Day (United States)]] (unofficial, official date is October 13)
 * [[World Day for Audiovisual Heritage]]<ref>{{cite web |title=International Days |url=https://www.un.org/en/sections/observances/international-days/ |website=www.un.org |access-date=2 January 2021 |language=en |date=6 January 2015}}</ref>

October 27: Difference between revisions

Latest revision as of 17:41, 13 November 2025

Contents

Events

Pre-1600

1601–1900

1901–present

Births

Pre-1600

1601–1900

1901–present

Deaths

Pre-1600

1601–1900

1901–present

Holidays and observances

References

External links

Navigation menu

October 27: Difference between revisions

Latest revision as of 17:41, 13 November 2025

Events

Pre-1600

1601–1900

1901–present

Births

Pre-1600

1601–1900

1901–present

Deaths

Pre-1600

1601–1900

1901–present

Holidays and observances

References

External links

Navigation menu

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