Oryza: Difference between revisions

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==Species==
==Species==
Inside the genus ''Oryza'', species can be divided by their genomes types. They include the [[diploid]] (2n&nbsp;=&nbsp;24) {{visible anchor|AA}} of cultivated rice and [[crop wild relative|their relatives]], {{visible anchor|BB}}, {{visible anchor|CC}}, {{visible anchor|EE}}, {{visible anchor|FF}} and {{visible anchor|GG}} as well as the [[tetraploid]] (4n&nbsp;=&nbsp;48) {{visible anchor|BBCC}}, {{visible anchor|CCDD}}, {{visible anchor|HHJJ}}, {{visible anchor|HHKK}} and {{visible anchor|KKLL}}. Species of the same genome type cross easily, while hybridizing different types requires techniques like [[embryo rescue]].<ref name="phylo">{{cite journal |doi-access=free |last1=Stein |first1=Joshua C. |last2=Yu |first2=Yeisoo |last3=Copetti |first3=Dario |last4=Zwickl |first4=Derrick J. |last5=Zhang |first5=Li |last6=Zhang |first6=Chengjun |last7=Chougule |first7=Kapeel |last8=Gao |first8=Dongying |last9=Iwata |first9=Aiko |last10=Goicoechea |first10=Jose Luis |last11=Wei |first11=Sharon |last12=Wang |first12=Jun |last13=Liao |first13=Yi |last14=Wang |first14=Muhua |last15=Jacquemin |first15=Julie |last16=Becker |first16=Claude |last17=Kudrna |first17=Dave |last18=Zhang |first18=Jianwei |last19=Londono |first19=Carlos E. M. |last20=Song |first20=Xiang |last21=Lee |first21=Seunghee |last22=Sanchez |first22=Paul |last23=Zuccolo |first23=Andrea |last24=Ammiraju |first24=Jetty S. S. |last25=Talag |first25=Jayson |last26=Danowitz |first26=Ann |last27=Rivera |first27=Luis F. |last28=Gschwend |first28=Andrea R. |last29=Noutsos |first29=Christos |last30=Wu |first30=Cheng-chieh |last31=Kao |first31=Shu-min |last32=Zeng |first32=Jhih-wun |last33=Wei |first33=Fu-jin |last34=Zhao |first34=Qiang |last35=Feng |first35=Qi |last36=El Baidouri |first36=Moaine |last37=Carpentier |first37=Marie-Christine |last38=Lasserre |first38=Eric |last39=Cooke |first39=Richard |last40=Rosa Farias |first40=Daniel da |last41=da Maia |first41=Luciano Carlos |last42=dos Santos |first42=Railson S. |last43=Nyberg |first43=Kevin G. |last44=McNally |first44=Kenneth L. |last45=Mauleon |first45=Ramil |last46=Alexandrov |first46=Nickolai |last47=Schmutz |first47=Jeremy |last48=Flowers |first48=Dave |last49=Fan |first49=Chuanzhu |last50=Weigel |first50=Detlef |last51=Jena |first51=Kshirod K. |last52=Wicker |first52=Thomas |last53=Chen |first53=Mingsheng |last54=Han |first54=Bin |last55=Henry |first55=Robert |last56=Hsing |first56=Yue-ie C. |last57=Kurata |first57=Nori |last58=de Oliveira |first58=Antonio Costa |last59=Panaud |first59=Olivier |last60=Jackson |first60=Scott A. |last61=Machado |first61=Carlos A. |last62=Sanderson |first62=Michael J. |last63=Long |first63=Manyuan |last64=Ware |first64=Doreen |last65=Wing |first65=Rod A. |title=Genomes of 13 domesticated and wild rice relatives highlight genetic conservation, turnover and innovation across the genus Oryza |journal=Nature Genetics |date=22 January 2018 |volume=50 |issue=2 |pages=285–296 |doi=10.1038/s41588-018-0040-0|pmid=29358651 }}</ref><ref name=genome-phylo>{{cite journal |last1=Ammi'Raju |first1=Jetty |last2=Song |first2=Xiang |last3=Luo |first3=Meizhong |last4=Sisneros |first4=Nicholas |last5=Angelova |first5=Angelina |last6=Kudrna |first6=David |last7=Kim |first7=Hyeran |last8=Yu |first8=Yeisoo |last9=Goicoechea |first9=Jose |last10=Lorieux |first10=Mathias |last11=Kurata |first11=Nori |last12=Brar |first12=Darshan |last13=Jackson |first13=Scott |last14=Wing |first14=Rod |title=The ''Oryza'' BAC resource: A genus-wide and genome scale tool for exploring rice genome evolution and leveraging useful genetic diversity from wild relatives |journal=Breeding Science |date=1 December 2010 |volume=60 |issue=5 |pages=536–543 |doi=10.1270/jsbbs.60.536 |url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/228623562|doi-access=free |bibcode=2010BrSci..60..536A }}</ref>
Inside the genus ''Oryza'', species can be divided by their genomes types (listed after each species name below). They include the [[diploid]] (2n&nbsp;=&nbsp;24) {{visible anchor|AA}} of cultivated rice and [[crop wild relative|their relatives]], {{visible anchor|BB}}, {{visible anchor|CC}}, {{visible anchor|EE}}, {{visible anchor|FF}} and {{visible anchor|GG}} as well as the [[tetraploid]] (4n&nbsp;=&nbsp;48) {{visible anchor|BBCC}}, {{visible anchor|CCDD}}, {{visible anchor|HHJJ}}, {{visible anchor|HHKK}} and {{visible anchor|KKLL}}. Species of the same genome type cross easily, while hybridizing different types requires techniques like [[embryo rescue]].<ref name="phylo">{{cite journal |doi-access=free |last1=Stein |first1=Joshua C. |last2=Yu |first2=Yeisoo |last3=Copetti |first3=Dario |last4=Zwickl |first4=Derrick J. |last5=Zhang |first5=Li |last6=Zhang |first6=Chengjun |last7=Chougule |first7=Kapeel |last8=Gao |first8=Dongying |last9=Iwata |first9=Aiko |last10=Goicoechea |first10=Jose Luis |last11=Wei |first11=Sharon |last12=Wang |first12=Jun |last13=Liao |first13=Yi |last14=Wang |first14=Muhua |last15=Jacquemin |first15=Julie |last16=Becker |first16=Claude |last17=Kudrna |first17=Dave |last18=Zhang |first18=Jianwei |last19=Londono |first19=Carlos E. M. |last20=Song |first20=Xiang |last21=Lee |first21=Seunghee |last22=Sanchez |first22=Paul |last23=Zuccolo |first23=Andrea |last24=Ammiraju |first24=Jetty S. S. |last25=Talag |first25=Jayson |last26=Danowitz |first26=Ann |last27=Rivera |first27=Luis F. |last28=Gschwend |first28=Andrea R. |last29=Noutsos |first29=Christos |last30=Wu |first30=Cheng-chieh |last31=Kao |first31=Shu-min |last32=Zeng |first32=Jhih-wun |last33=Wei |first33=Fu-jin |last34=Zhao |first34=Qiang |last35=Feng |first35=Qi |last36=El Baidouri |first36=Moaine |last37=Carpentier |first37=Marie-Christine |last38=Lasserre |first38=Eric |last39=Cooke |first39=Richard |last40=Rosa Farias |first40=Daniel da |last41=da Maia |first41=Luciano Carlos |last42=dos Santos |first42=Railson S. |last43=Nyberg |first43=Kevin G. |last44=McNally |first44=Kenneth L. |last45=Mauleon |first45=Ramil |last46=Alexandrov |first46=Nickolai |last47=Schmutz |first47=Jeremy |last48=Flowers |first48=Dave |last49=Fan |first49=Chuanzhu |last50=Weigel |first50=Detlef |last51=Jena |first51=Kshirod K. |last52=Wicker |first52=Thomas |last53=Chen |first53=Mingsheng |last54=Han |first54=Bin |last55=Henry |first55=Robert |last56=Hsing |first56=Yue-ie C. |last57=Kurata |first57=Nori |last58=de Oliveira |first58=Antonio Costa |last59=Panaud |first59=Olivier |last60=Jackson |first60=Scott A. |last61=Machado |first61=Carlos A. |last62=Sanderson |first62=Michael J. |last63=Long |first63=Manyuan |last64=Ware |first64=Doreen |last65=Wing |first65=Rod A. |title=Genomes of 13 domesticated and wild rice relatives highlight genetic conservation, turnover and innovation across the genus Oryza |journal=Nature Genetics |date=22 January 2018 |volume=50 |issue=2 |pages=285–296 |doi=10.1038/s41588-018-0040-0|pmid=29358651 }}</ref><ref name=genome-phylo>{{cite journal |last1=Ammi'Raju |first1=Jetty |last2=Song |first2=Xiang |last3=Luo |first3=Meizhong |last4=Sisneros |first4=Nicholas |last5=Angelova |first5=Angelina |last6=Kudrna |first6=David |last7=Kim |first7=Hyeran |last8=Yu |first8=Yeisoo |last9=Goicoechea |first9=Jose |last10=Lorieux |first10=Mathias |last11=Kurata |first11=Nori |last12=Brar |first12=Darshan |last13=Jackson |first13=Scott |last14=Wing |first14=Rod |title=The ''Oryza'' BAC resource: A genus-wide and genome scale tool for exploring rice genome evolution and leveraging useful genetic diversity from wild relatives |journal=Breeding Science |date=1 December 2010 |volume=60 |issue=5 |pages=536–543 |doi=10.1270/jsbbs.60.536 |url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/228623562|doi-access=free |bibcode=2010BrSci..60..536A }}</ref>


Over 300 names have been proposed for species, subspecies, and other infraspecific taxa within the genus. Published sources disagree as to how many of these should be recognized as distinct species. The following follows the World Checklist maintained by Kew Garden in London.<ref name=POWO>{{Cite web|url=https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn%3Alsid%3Aipni.org%3Anames%3A18639-1|title=Plants of the World Online: Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew|website=apps.kew.org|access-date=27 September 2024}}</ref>
Over 300 names have been proposed for species, subspecies, and other infraspecific taxa within the genus. Published sources disagree as to how many of these should be recognized as distinct species. The following follows the World Checklist maintained by Kew Garden in London.<ref name=POWO>{{Cite web|url=https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn%3Alsid%3Aipni.org%3Anames%3A18639-1|title=Plants of the World Online: Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew|website=apps.kew.org|access-date=27 September 2024}}</ref>

Revision as of 02:22, 11 June 2025

Template:Short description Script error: No such module "Distinguish". Template:Automatic taxobox

Oryza is a genus of plants in the grass family.[1][2] It includes the major food crop rice (species Oryza sativa and Oryza glaberrima). Members of the genus grow as tall, wetland grasses, growing to Script error: No such module "convert". tall; the genus includes both annual and perennial species.[3]

Oryza is situated in tribe Oryzeae, which is characterized morphologically by its single-flowered spikelets whose glumes are almost completely suppressed. In Oryza, two sterile lemma simulate glumes. The tribe Oryzeae is in subfamily Ehrhartoideae,[4] a group of Poaceae tribes with certain features of internal leaf anatomy in common. The most distinctive leaf characteristics of this subfamily are the arm cells and fusoid cells found in their leaves.[5]Script error: No such module "Unsubst".

One species, Asian rice (O. sativa), provides 20% of global grain and is a food crop of major global importance. The species are divided into two subgroups within the genus.

Species

Inside the genus Oryza, species can be divided by their genomes types (listed after each species name below). They include the diploid (2n = 24) <templatestyles src="Template:Visible anchor/styles.css" />AA of cultivated rice and their relatives, <templatestyles src="Template:Visible anchor/styles.css" />BB, <templatestyles src="Template:Visible anchor/styles.css" />CC, <templatestyles src="Template:Visible anchor/styles.css" />EE, <templatestyles src="Template:Visible anchor/styles.css" />FF and <templatestyles src="Template:Visible anchor/styles.css" />GG as well as the tetraploid (4n = 48) <templatestyles src="Template:Visible anchor/styles.css" />BBCC, <templatestyles src="Template:Visible anchor/styles.css" />CCDD, <templatestyles src="Template:Visible anchor/styles.css" />HHJJ, <templatestyles src="Template:Visible anchor/styles.css" />HHKK and <templatestyles src="Template:Visible anchor/styles.css" />KKLL. Species of the same genome type cross easily, while hybridizing different types requires techniques like embryo rescue.[6][7]

Over 300 names have been proposed for species, subspecies, and other infraspecific taxa within the genus. Published sources disagree as to how many of these should be recognized as distinct species. The following follows the World Checklist maintained by Kew Garden in London.[8]

  1. Oryza australiensis Template:Au (EE) – Australia
  2. Oryza barthii Template:Au (AA) – tropical Africa
  3. Oryza brachyantha Template:Au (FF) – tropical Africa
  4. Oryza coarctata Template:Au (KKLL) – India, Pakistan, Bangladesh, Myanmar
  5. Oryza eichingeri Template:Au (CC) – tropical Africa, Sri Lanka
  6. Oryza glaberrima Template:Au (AA) – African rice – tropical Africa
  7. Oryza grandiglumis Template:Au (CCDD) – Brazil, Venezuela, Fr Guiana, Colombia, Peru, Bolivia
  8. Oryza latifolia Template:Au (CCDD) – Latin America + West Indies from Sinaloa + Cuba to Argentina
  9. Oryza longiglumis Template:Au (HHJJ) – New Guinea
  10. Oryza longistaminata Template:Au (AA) – Madagascar, tropical + southern Africa
  11. Oryza meyeriana Template:Au (GG) – China, Indian Subcontinent, Southeast Asia
  12. Oryza minuta Template:Au (BBCC) – Himalayas, Southeast Asia, New Guinea, Northern Territory of Australia
  13. Oryza neocaledonica Template:Au (GG) – New Caledonia
  14. Oryza officinalis Template:Au (CC) – China, Indian Subcontinent, Southeast Asia, New Guinea, Australia
  15. Oryza punctata Template:Au (BB) – Madagascar, tropical + southern Africa
  16. Oryza ridleyi Template:Au (HHJJ) – Southeast Asia, New Guinea
  17. Oryza rufipogon Template:Au (AA) – brownbeard or red rice – China, Indian Subcontinent, Southeast Asia, New Guinea, Australia
  18. Oryza sativa Template:Au (AA) – Asian rice – China, Indian Subcontinent, Japan, Southeast Asia; naturalized many places
  19. Oryza schlechteri Template:Au (HHKK) – New Guinea

Formerly included

Many species are nowScript error: No such module "Unsubst". regarded as better suited to other genera:[8]

See also

References

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  1. ↑ Linnaeus, Carl von. 1753. Species Plantarum 1: 333. in Latin
  2. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  3. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  4. ↑ Script error: No such module "Citation/CS1".
  5. ↑ Heywood, V.H. Flowering Plants of the World 1993 Oxford University Press
  6. ↑ Script error: No such module "Citation/CS1".
  7. ↑ Script error: No such module "Citation/CS1".
  8. ↑ a b Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".

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