General Motors Epsilon platform: Difference between revisions
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{{main|List of GM platforms}} | {{main|List of GM platforms}} | ||
{{Infobox automobile platform | {{Infobox automobile platform | ||
|name=GM Epsilon platform | |name =GM Epsilon platform | ||
|manufacturer=[[General Motors Company|General Motors]] | |manufacturer =[[General Motors Company|General Motors]] | ||
|aka = | |aka = | ||
| image | |image = Chevrolet Malibu LTZ 2.4 – Frontansicht, 9. August 2013, Velbert.jpg | ||
|production =2002–present | |production =2002–present | ||
|predecessor =[[GM N platform]]<br>[[GM2900 platform]]<br>[[GM W platform]]<br>[[GM G platform (FWD)|GM G platform]]<br>[[GM Zeta | |predecessor =[[GM N platform]]<br>[[GM2900 platform]]<br>[[GM W platform]]<br>[[GM G platform (FWD)|GM G platform]]<br>[[GM Zeta platform]] | ||
|successor | |successor = [[General Motors VSS platforms|GM VSS-F]] | ||
|class =[[Compact executive car]] [[D-segment|(D) | |class = [[Compact executive car]] [[D-segment|(D)]]<br>[[Mid-size car|Mid-size]] [[D-segment|(D)]]<br />[[Full-size car|Large car]] [[E-segment|(E)]] | ||
|layout = [[Transverse engine|Transverse]]<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.autoevolution.com/news/general-motors-vehicle-platforms-explained-from-the-gamma-to-the-all-new-gm-omega-platform-93953.html|title = General Motors Vehicle Platforms Explained from the Gamma to the All-New GM Omega Platform|date = 31 March 2015}}</ref> [[Front-engine, front-wheel-drive layout|front engine]], [[front-wheel drive]]/[[all-wheel drive]] | |layout = [[Transverse engine|Transverse]]<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.autoevolution.com/news/general-motors-vehicle-platforms-explained-from-the-gamma-to-the-all-new-gm-omega-platform-93953.html|title = General Motors Vehicle Platforms Explained from the Gamma to the All-New GM Omega Platform|date = 31 March 2015}}</ref> [[Front-engine, front-wheel-drive layout|front engine]], [[front-wheel drive]]/[[all-wheel drive]] | ||
|body_style = 2-door [[Convertible (car)|Convertible]]<br>4-door [[sedan (car)|Sedan/Saloon]]<br>5-door [[Hatchback|Hatchback/Liftback]]<br>5-door [[Station wagon|Station wagon/Estate/Caravan]]<br>5-door [[Multi-purpose vehicle]] | |body_style = 2-door [[Convertible (car)|Convertible]]<br>4-door [[sedan (car)|Sedan/Saloon]]<br>5-door [[Hatchback|Hatchback/Liftback]]<br>5-door [[Station wagon|Station wagon/Estate/Caravan]]<br>5-door [[Multi-purpose vehicle]] | ||
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|transmission = | |transmission = | ||
|wheelbase = | |wheelbase = | ||
|related = [[GM Alpha platform]]{{citation needed|date=February 2023}} | |related = [[GM Alpha platform]]{{citation needed|date=February 2023}} | ||
|vehicles = [[Buick Lacrosse|Buick Lacrosse/Alpheon]]<br>[[Cadillac BLS]]<br>[[Cadillac XTS]]<br>[[Chevrolet Classic]]<br>[[Chevrolet Impala]]<br>[[Chevrolet Malibu|Chevrolet/Holden Malibu]]<br>[[Chevrolet Malibu Maxx]]<br>[[Fiat Croma]]<br>[[Opel Insignia]]/[[Buick Regal]]<br>[[Opel Signum]]<br>[[Opel Vectra]]<br>[[Pontiac G6]]<br>[[Roewe|Roewe 950]]<br>[[Saab 9-3]]<br>[[Saab 9-5]]<br>[[Saturn Aura]] | |vehicles = [[Buick Lacrosse|Buick Lacrosse/Alpheon]]<br>[[Cadillac BLS]]<br>[[Cadillac XTS]]<br>[[Chevrolet Classic]]<br>[[Chevrolet Impala]]<br>[[Chevrolet Malibu|Chevrolet/Holden Malibu]]<br>[[Chevrolet Malibu Maxx]]<br>[[Fiat Croma]]<br>[[Opel Insignia]]/[[Buick Regal]]<br>[[Opel Signum]]<br>[[Opel Vectra]]<br>[[Pontiac G6]]<br>[[Roewe|Roewe 950]]<br>[[Saab 9-3]]<br>[[Saab 9-5]]<br>[[Saturn Aura]] | ||
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** 2004–2007 [[Chevrolet Malibu#2004|Chevrolet Malibu]] | ** 2004–2007 [[Chevrolet Malibu#2004|Chevrolet Malibu]] | ||
** 2006–2009 [[Cadillac BLS]] | ** 2006–2009 [[Cadillac BLS]] | ||
* Extended | * Extended | ||
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** 2005–2011 [[Fiat Croma]] | ** 2005–2011 [[Fiat Croma]] | ||
** 2007–2010 [[Saturn Aura]] | ** 2007–2010 [[Saturn Aura]] | ||
Cancelled vehicles which would have used this platform: | Cancelled vehicles which would have used this platform: | ||
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** 2012–2019 [[Cadillac XTS]] ([[E-segment|EL LWB]]) | ** 2012–2019 [[Cadillac XTS]] ([[E-segment|EL LWB]]) | ||
** 2014–2019 [[Chevrolet Impala]] ([[E-segment|EL LWB]]) | ** 2014–2019 [[Chevrolet Impala]] ([[E-segment|EL LWB]]) | ||
Concept vehicles built on Epsilon II: | Concept vehicles built on Epsilon II: | ||
* 2007 [[Buick Riviera]] | * 2007 [[Buick Riviera]] | ||
* 2007 [[Opel GTC|Opel GTC Concept]] | * 2007 [[Opel GTC|Opel GTC Concept]] | ||
==E2XX== | ==E2XX== | ||
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* 2021–present [[Buick Envision]] | * 2021–present [[Buick Envision]] | ||
* 2023–present [[Cadillac GT4]] | * 2023–present [[Cadillac GT4]] | ||
===P2XX=== | ===P2XX=== | ||
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Vehicle built on P2XX: | Vehicle built on P2XX: | ||
* 2017–2023 [[Buick LaCrosse]] | * 2017–2023 [[Buick LaCrosse]] | ||
===C1XX=== | ===C1XX=== | ||
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* 2017–present [[Cadillac XT5]] | * 2017–present [[Cadillac XT5]] | ||
* 2019–present [[Chevrolet Blazer (crossover)|Chevrolet Blazer]] | * 2019–present [[Chevrolet Blazer (crossover)|Chevrolet Blazer]] | ||
Three-row mid-size: | Three-row mid-size: | ||
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* 2020–present [[Chevrolet Blazer (crossover)|Chevrolet Blazer]] (China) | * 2020–present [[Chevrolet Blazer (crossover)|Chevrolet Blazer]] (China) | ||
* 2020–present [[Cadillac XT6]] | * 2020–present [[Cadillac XT6]] | ||
Full-size: | Full-size: | ||
* 2018–2024 [[Buick Enclave]] | * 2018–2024 [[Buick Enclave]] | ||
* 2018–2025 [[Chevrolet Traverse]] | * 2018–2025 [[Chevrolet Traverse]] | ||
==Footnotes== | ==Footnotes== | ||
Latest revision as of 15:01, 15 June 2025
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Epsilon is General Motors' mid-size front-wheel drive automobile platform. The architecture was a multi-division project of GM North America, Opel and Saab,[1] and debuted in the 2002 Opel Vectra and 2003 Saab 9-3. Since this platform falls squarely in the center of the worldwide automobile market, GM plans to produce a great many Epsilon vehicles with over a dozen variations. Template:As of, it was GM's highest volume worldwide platform. Even after the dissolution of the GM/Fiat partnership, both companies retain the rights to continue developing Epsilon-derived models.
A total of 16 different models have made use of the GM Epsilon platform, some of which remain in production 19 years after the platform debuted.
Features
GM's Epsilon platform replaced the N platform in the US, and replaced the GM2900 platform elsewhere. Vehicles of this platform generally carry the symbol "Z" in the fourth digit of their VINs.
When the platform debuted, there was talk of an "Epsilon Wide" derivative, which was supposed to have provided the underpinnings for the Buick LaCrosse and Saab 9-5. However, the program was cancelled and the LaCrosse was put on the W platform, and the 9-5 was given a quick refresh for the 2006 model year. Script error: No such module "Unsubst".
The Epsilon platform is a midsize front-driver promising a 200 percent improvement in rigidity, with aluminum suspension components—MacPherson struts in front and a four-link independent arrangement in the rear, and four-wheel disc brakes. Many of the Epsilon vehicles use the Ecotec Inline-four engines and both the High Value and High Feature V6 engines.
The refreshed 2008 SAAB 9-3 debuted with an advanced version of all-wheel-drive it dubbed XWD, finally giving a definitive answer to rumors about the platform's ability to support AWD, which had been around since the debut of the platform.
The Lambda and Theta Premium crossover platforms are derived from Epsilon. Script error: No such module "Unsubst".
Vehicles
Vehicles based on the Epsilon I platform:
- Regular
- 2002–2009 Opel Vectra C saloon and liftback
- 2002–2009 Vauxhall Vectra saloon and liftback
- 2002–2009 Holden Vectra
- 2002–2009 Chevrolet Vectra
- 2003–2011 Saab 9-3
- 2004–2007 Chevrolet Malibu
- 2006–2009 Cadillac BLS
- Extended
- 2002–2009 Opel Vectra C Caravan
- 2002–2009 Vauxhall Vectra Caravan
- 2003–2008 Opel Signum
- 2004–2007 Chevrolet Malibu Maxx hatchback
- 2008–2012 Chevrolet Malibu
- 2005–2010 Pontiac G6
- 2005–2011 Fiat Croma
- 2007–2010 Saturn Aura
Cancelled vehicles which would have used this platform:
- 2006 midsized Buick Script error: No such module "Unsubst".
Epsilon II
A new version of the Epsilon, dubbed Epsilon II, debuted in 2008. It is adaptable for front and all-wheel drive applications. In long wheelbase format, Epsilon II supports US EPA Large Cars, allowing GM to replace the G and W platforms. The architecture was developed by Opel in Rüsselsheim, Germany. Many safety features and AWD fitment modifications were done by Saab.[2]
Current and announced vehicles built on Epsilon II:
- SWB
- 2008–2017 Opel Insignia, Vauxhall Insignia, Holden Insignia VXR, Buick Regal, Chevrolet Vectra (saloon, hatchback, estate) (SWB)
- 2012–2016 Chevrolet Malibu, Holden Malibu (SWB)
- SL LWB
- EL LWB
- 2012–2019 Cadillac XTS (EL LWB)
- 2014–2019 Chevrolet Impala (EL LWB)
Concept vehicles built on Epsilon II:
- 2007 Buick Riviera
- 2007 Opel GTC Concept
E2XX
E2XX is a moderately updated version of Epsilon 2 platform,[4] consistent with other platform revamps, such as the D2XX based on Delta II.
The E2XX platform targets weight reductions and longer wheelbases.
Vehicles
Vehicle built on E2XX:
- 2016–2025 Chevrolet Malibu
- 2017–2022 Opel/Vauxhall Insignia, Buick Regal 2018–present (since 2020 China only), Holden Commodore (ZB) 2018–2020
- 2019–present Cadillac XT4
- 2021–present Buick Envision
- 2023–present Cadillac GT4
P2XX
P2XX is the longer variant of the E2XX platform.
Vehicle built on P2XX:
- 2017–2023 Buick LaCrosse
C1XX
C1XX is the crossover variant of the E2XX platform, replacing the Theta Premium and Lambda platforms.
Vehicles built on C1XX:
Two-row mid-size:
- 2017–present Cadillac XT5
- 2019–present Chevrolet Blazer
Three-row mid-size:
- 2017–2023 GMC Acadia
- 2018–2020 Holden Acadia
- 2019–present Buick Enclave (China)
- 2020–present Chevrolet Blazer (China)
- 2020–present Cadillac XT6
Full-size:
- 2018–2024 Buick Enclave
- 2018–2025 Chevrolet Traverse
Footnotes
References
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Template:General Motors platforms Template:General Motors platform timeline 1955 to present