Fearless-class landing platform dock: Difference between revisions

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{{More citations needed|date=November 2010}}
{{More citations needed|date=November 2010}}
{|{{Infobox ship begin}}
{{Infobox ship
{{Infobox ship image
|section1={{Infobox ship/image
|Ship image=File:Fearless & Intrepid p1, Portsmouth, UK.JPG
|image=Fearless & Intrepid p1, Portsmouth, UK.JPG
|Ship caption=HMS ''Fearless'' and HMS ''Intrepid''
|image_caption=HMS ''Fearless'' and HMS ''Intrepid''
}}
 
|section2={{Infobox ship/class overview
|name=''Fearless'' class
|builders=
|operators={{navy|United Kingdom}}
|class_before=
|class_after={{sclass|Albion|landing platform dock|4}}
|subclasses=
|cost=
|built_range=
|in_service_range=
|in_commission_range= 1965–2002
|total_ships_building=
|total_ships_planned=
|total_ships_completed=2
|total_ships_canceled=
|total_ships_active=
|total_ships_laid_up=
|total_ships_lost=
|total_ships_retired=2
|total_ships_preserved=
}}
 
|section3={{Infobox ship/characteristics
|hide_header=
|header_caption=
|type=[[Landing platform dock]]
|displacement=11,060 long tons (11,237 t) standard
12,120 long tons (12,314 t) full load
16,950 long tons (17,222 t) ballasted and dock flooded
|length={{convert|158.5|m|ft|abbr=on}}
|beam={{convert|24.4|m|ft|abbr=on}}
|height=
|draught={{convert|6.3|m|ft|abbr=on}}
|depth=
|hold_depth=
|power=
|propulsion=*2 steam turbines
            *{{convert|22000|shp|abbr=on}}
|speed={{convert|22|kn|km/h|0}}
|range=
|endurance=
|boats=*4 [[Landing Craft Utility|medium landing craft]] (in dock)
        *4 [[Landing craft of the Royal Marines#LCVP Mk2|light landing craft]] (on [[davit]]s)
|capacity=*Up to 700 troops
          *15 tanks
          *27 vehicles
|troops=
|complement=580
|sensors=
|EW=
|armament=*2 [[anti-aircraft gun]]s
          *4x4 [[Seacat (missile)|Seacat SAM]] (originally fit)
          *2x Phalanx CIWS (added post-[[Falklands War]])
|armour=
|aircraft=5 [[helicopter]]s
|aircraft_facilities=
|notes=
}}
}}
}}
{{Infobox ship class overview
|Name=''Fearless'' class
|Builders=
|Operators={{navy|United Kingdom}}
|Class before=
|Class after={{sclass|Albion|landing platform dock|4}}
|Subclasses=
|Cost=
|Built range=
|In service range=
|In commission range= 1965–2002
|Total ships building=
|Total ships planned=
|Total ships completed=2
|Total ships cancelled=
|Total ships active=
|Total ships laid up=
|Total ships lost=
|Total ships retired=2
|Total ships preserved=
}}
{{Infobox ship characteristics
|Hide header=
|Header caption=
|Ship type=[[Landing platform dock]]
|Ship displacement=16,950 tons
|Ship length={{convert|158.5|m|ft|abbr=on}}
|Ship beam={{convert|24.4|m|ft|abbr=on}}
|Ship height=
|Ship draught={{convert|6.3|m|ft|abbr=on}}
|Ship depth=
|Ship hold depth=
|Ship power=
|Ship propulsion=*2 steam turbines
*{{convert|22000|shp|abbr=on}}
|Ship speed={{convert|22|kn|km/h|0}}
|Ship range=
|Ship endurance=
|Ship boats=*4 [[Landing Craft Utility|medium landing craft]] (in dock)
*4 [[Landing craft of the Royal Marines#LCVP Mk2|light landing craft]] (on [[davit]]s)
|Ship capacity=*Up to 700 troops
*15 tanks
*27 vehicles
|Ship troops=
|Ship complement=580
|Ship sensors=
|Ship EW=
|Ship armament=*2 [[anti-aircraft gun]]s
*4x4 [[Seacat (missile)|Seacat SAM]] (originally fit)
*2x Phalanx CIWS (added post-[[Falklands War]])
|Ship armour=
|Ship aircraft=5 [[helicopter]]s
|Ship aircraft facilities=
|Ship notes=
}}
|}


The  '''''Fearless''-class landing platform docks''' were the first purpose-built amphibious assault vessels in the [[Royal Navy]]. The class comprised two ships: {{HMS|Fearless|L10|6}} and {{HMS|Intrepid|L11|6}}.
The  '''''Fearless''-class landing platform docks''' were the first purpose-built amphibious assault vessels in the [[Royal Navy]]. The class comprised two ships: {{HMS|Fearless|L10|6}} and {{HMS|Intrepid|L11|6}}.
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Each ship carried four LCUs in the stern dock, with four smaller [[landing craft]] on davits on the superstructure. They provided accommodation for up to 400 troops, which could be increased to 700, if no vehicles were carried.
Each ship carried four LCUs in the stern dock, with four smaller [[landing craft]] on davits on the superstructure. They provided accommodation for up to 400 troops, which could be increased to 700, if no vehicles were carried.


==Service==
== Service ==
''Intrepid'' was put into [[Reserve Fleet (United Kingdom)|extended reserve]] in 1991, effectively removing her from active service. While in this state, she was used as a source of spares to maintain ''Fearless''. ''Intrepid'' was finally withdrawn from service in August 1999. ''Fearless'' was kept in service, and continued to be deployed in concert with {{HMS|Ocean|L12|6}} until the end of 2002, when she too was withdrawn from service, ready for the {{sclass|Albion|landing platform dock|4}} to enter the fleet. The ''Fearless'' class were the last steam-powered surface vessels in Royal Navy service (nuclear submarines use a steam turbine drive).
''Intrepid'' was put into [[Reserve Fleet (United Kingdom)|extended reserve]] in 1991, effectively removing her from active service. While in this state, she was used as a source of spares to maintain ''Fearless''. ''Intrepid'' was finally withdrawn from service in August 1999. ''Fearless'' was kept in service, and continued to be deployed in concert with {{HMS|Ocean|L12|6}} until the end of 2002, when she too was withdrawn from service, ready for the {{sclass|Albion|landing platform dock|4}} to enter the fleet. The ''Fearless'' class were the last steam-powered surface vessels in Royal Navy service.{{Citation needed|date=October 2025}}
 
=== 1982 Falklands War ===
;''Fearless''
Sailed from Portsmouth on 6 April 1982 as part of [[Falklands War|Operation Corporate]] Task Force.<ref>https://www.nmrn.org.uk/news/falklands-40-key-naval-dates-april-1982 {{Bare URL inline|date=August 2025}}</ref> She carried the staff of Commodore Amphibious Warfare (COMAW) [[Michael Clapp]] and the Commanding Officer of [[3 Commando Brigade]], [[Julian Thompson (Royal Marines officer)|Brigadier Julian Thompson]], acting as the afloat headquarters for planning and coordination of the [[Operation Sutton|San Carlos landings]].  During the landings at San Carlos Water on 21–22 May, Fearless’ landing craft put ashore elements of 3 Commando Brigade and troops of 5 Infantry Brigade, establishing the beachhead that would drive the advance towards Port Stanley.<ref>https://www.thinkdefence.co.uk/2024/06/the-san-carlos-fob-forward-operating-base/ {{Bare URL inline|date=August 2025}}</ref>
 
On 8 June 1982, two of her LCVP landing craft (Foxtrot 4 and Foxtrot 7) rescued survivors from the frigate {{HMS|Ardent|F184|6}} after it was struck by Argentine aircraft; Royal Marine Corporal Alan White earned a Task Force Commander's Commendation for rescuing 41 crew with Foxtrot 7, and Colour Sergeant Brian Johnston was posthumously awarded the [[King's Gallantry Medal|Queen's Gallantry Medal]] after his actions in Foxtrot 4. Fearless remained on station until the cessation of hostilities on 14 June 1982, then returned to Portsmouth after nearly three months away.{{Citation needed|date=October 2025}}
 
;''Intrepid''
Sailed from [[Isle of Portland|Portland]] on 26 April 1982 following a rapid work‑up and joined the South Atlantic task group for amphibious operations.<ref>https://www.facebook.com/photo.php?fbid=1105187228303514 {{Bare URL inline|date=August 2025}}</ref> Between 26 April and 5 May, she carried Commando Headquarters and Royal Marines’ landing craft, rehearsing landings en route to [[Ascension Island]] and then San Carlos Water.<ref>https://www.iwm.org.uk/collections/item/object/1060018697 {{Bare URL inline|date=August 2025}}</ref> ''Intrepid’s'' boats helped deploy beach reconnaissance teams on the night of 20–21 May to survey landing sites under cover of darkness.{{Citation needed|date=October 2025}}
 
On 27 May, an [[Douglas A-4 Skyhawk|A-4B Skyhawk]] of Argentine Grupo 5 was damaged by 40mm Bofors fire from ''Intrepid'' while over San Carlos Water and later crashed near [[Port Howard]].<ref name="Naval-History-AirLosses">{{cite web|url=https://www.naval-history.net/F64-Falklands-Argentine_aircraft_lost.htm |title=Argentine aircraft lost 3 April – 15 June 1982 |website=Naval-History.net |access-date=21 July 2025}}</ref>
 
After the Argentine surrender on 14 June 1982, Intrepid remained in the islands to assist with the distribution of supplies.<ref>https://www.imarest.org/resource/life-aboard-hms-intrepid-during-the-falklands-conflict.html {{Bare URL inline|date=August 2025}}</ref> She sailed from San Carlos Water on 26 June 1982 and arrived back at Portsmouth on 14 July 1982.{{Citation needed|date=October 2025}}


==Ships==
==Ships==
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[[Category:Fearless-class landing platform docks| ]]
[[Category:Fearless-class landing platform docks| ]]
[[Category:Ship classes of the Royal Navy]]
[[Category:Ship classes of the Royal Navy]]
[[Category:Steam turbine-powered ships]]

Latest revision as of 17:34, 12 December 2025

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The Fearless-class landing platform docks were the first purpose-built amphibious assault vessels in the Royal Navy. The class comprised two ships: Script error: No such module "WPSHIPS utilities". and Script error: No such module "WPSHIPS utilities"..

Designed as landing platform docks (LPD), they were designed to transport and land troops by sea either using Landing Craft Utility (LCU) or helicopters. As constructed, the ships have an internal dock that is accessed via the stern—while in port, vehicles can drive up the stern ramp and into the internal vehicle decks. At sea, the ships could partially submerge themselves at the stern, flooding the internal dock and allowing landing craft to come right up to the edge of the vehicle deck.

Each ship carried four LCUs in the stern dock, with four smaller landing craft on davits on the superstructure. They provided accommodation for up to 400 troops, which could be increased to 700, if no vehicles were carried.

Service

Intrepid was put into extended reserve in 1991, effectively removing her from active service. While in this state, she was used as a source of spares to maintain Fearless. Intrepid was finally withdrawn from service in August 1999. Fearless was kept in service, and continued to be deployed in concert with Script error: No such module "WPSHIPS utilities". until the end of 2002, when she too was withdrawn from service, ready for the Script error: No such module "WPSHIPS utilities". to enter the fleet. The Fearless class were the last steam-powered surface vessels in Royal Navy service.Script error: No such module "Unsubst".

1982 Falklands War

Fearless

Sailed from Portsmouth on 6 April 1982 as part of Operation Corporate Task Force.[1] She carried the staff of Commodore Amphibious Warfare (COMAW) Michael Clapp and the Commanding Officer of 3 Commando Brigade, Brigadier Julian Thompson, acting as the afloat headquarters for planning and coordination of the San Carlos landings. During the landings at San Carlos Water on 21–22 May, Fearless’ landing craft put ashore elements of 3 Commando Brigade and troops of 5 Infantry Brigade, establishing the beachhead that would drive the advance towards Port Stanley.[2]

On 8 June 1982, two of her LCVP landing craft (Foxtrot 4 and Foxtrot 7) rescued survivors from the frigate Script error: No such module "WPSHIPS utilities". after it was struck by Argentine aircraft; Royal Marine Corporal Alan White earned a Task Force Commander's Commendation for rescuing 41 crew with Foxtrot 7, and Colour Sergeant Brian Johnston was posthumously awarded the Queen's Gallantry Medal after his actions in Foxtrot 4. Fearless remained on station until the cessation of hostilities on 14 June 1982, then returned to Portsmouth after nearly three months away.Script error: No such module "Unsubst".

Intrepid

Sailed from Portland on 26 April 1982 following a rapid work‑up and joined the South Atlantic task group for amphibious operations.[3] Between 26 April and 5 May, she carried Commando Headquarters and Royal Marines’ landing craft, rehearsing landings en route to Ascension Island and then San Carlos Water.[4] Intrepid’s boats helped deploy beach reconnaissance teams on the night of 20–21 May to survey landing sites under cover of darkness.Script error: No such module "Unsubst".

On 27 May, an A-4B Skyhawk of Argentine Grupo 5 was damaged by 40mm Bofors fire from Intrepid while over San Carlos Water and later crashed near Port Howard.[5]

After the Argentine surrender on 14 June 1982, Intrepid remained in the islands to assist with the distribution of supplies.[6] She sailed from San Carlos Water on 26 June 1982 and arrived back at Portsmouth on 14 July 1982.Script error: No such module "Unsubst".

Ships

Pennant Name (a) Hull builder
(b) Main machinery manufacturers 		Laid down Launched Accepted into service Commissioned Estimated building cost[7]
L10 Script error: No such module "WPSHIPS utilities". (a) Harland & Wolff Ltd, Belfast
(b) English Electric Co Ltd, Rugby (steam turbines)
(b) David Brown & Co Ltd, Huddersfield (gearing)[8] 		25 July 1962 19 December 1963 November 1965[8] 25 November 1965 £11,250,000[8]
L11 Script error: No such module "WPSHIPS utilities". (a) John Brown & Co Ltd, Clydebank
(b) English Electric Co Ltd, Rugby (steam turbines)
(b) David Brown & Co Ltd, Huddersfield (gearing)[9] 		19 December 1962 25 June 1964 March 1967[9] 11 March 1967 £10,300,000[9]

Notes

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  1. ↑ https://www.nmrn.org.uk/news/falklands-40-key-naval-dates-april-1982 Template:Bare URL inline
  2. ↑ https://www.thinkdefence.co.uk/2024/06/the-san-carlos-fob-forward-operating-base/ Template:Bare URL inline
  3. ↑ https://www.facebook.com/photo.php?fbid=1105187228303514 Template:Bare URL inline
  4. ↑ https://www.iwm.org.uk/collections/item/object/1060018697 Template:Bare URL inline
  5. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  6. ↑ https://www.imarest.org/resource/life-aboard-hms-intrepid-during-the-falklands-conflict.html Template:Bare URL inline
  7. ↑ "Unit cost, i.e. excluding cost of certain items (e.g. aircraft, First Outfits)."
    Text from Defences Estimates
  8. ↑ a b c Defence Estimates, 1966-67, page 72, Table 3 (Programme): List and particulars of new ships which have been accepted or are expected to be accepted into HM service during the Financial Year ended 31 March 1966
  9. ↑ a b c Defence Estimates, 1966–67, page 75, Table 3 (Programme): List and particulars of new ships which have been accepted or are expected to be accepted into HM service during the Financial Year ended 31 March 1967

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