Victoria Beckham: Difference between revisions
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{{Infobox person | {{Infobox person | ||
| name = | | name = Lady Beckham | ||
| honorific_suffix = {{post-nominals|country=GBR|size=100|OBE}} | | honorific_suffix = {{post-nominals|country=GBR|size=100|OBE}} | ||
| image = VictoriaBeckham2018-2-Crop.jpg | | image = VictoriaBeckham2018-2-Crop.jpg | ||
| Line 12: | Line 12: | ||
| birth_name = Victoria Caroline Adams | | birth_name = Victoria Caroline Adams | ||
| birth_date = {{birth date and age|df=y|1974|4|17}} | | birth_date = {{birth date and age|df=y|1974|4|17}} | ||
| birth_place = [[Harlow]], | | birth_place = [[Harlow]], Essex, England | ||
| other_names = Posh Spice | | other_names = Posh Spice | ||
| occupation = {{ | | occupation = {{hlist|Singer|fashion designer|television personality}} | ||
}} | |||
| years_active = 1994–present | | years_active = 1994–present | ||
| spouse = {{marriage|[[David Beckham]]|4 July 1999}} | | spouse = {{marriage|[[David Beckham]]|4 July 1999}} | ||
| Line 28: | Line 20: | ||
| relatives = [[Nicola Peltz]] (daughter-in-law) | | relatives = [[Nicola Peltz]] (daughter-in-law) | ||
| module = {{Infobox musical artist|embed=yes | | module = {{Infobox musical artist|embed=yes | ||
|background = solo_singer | | background = solo_singer | ||
|genre = {{Flatlist | | | genre = {{Flatlist | | ||
*[[Pop music|Pop]] | *[[Pop music|Pop]] | ||
*[[Contemporary R&B|R&B]]}} | *[[Contemporary R&B|R&B]]}} | ||
|label = {{flat list| | | label = {{flat list| | ||
*[[Virgin Records|Virgin]] | *[[Virgin Records|Virgin]] | ||
*[[Telstar Records|Telstar]] | *[[Telstar Records|Telstar]] | ||
*[[19 Recordings|19]]}} | *[[19 Recordings|19]]}} | ||
|current_member_of = [[Spice Girls]] | | current_member_of = [[Spice Girls]] | ||
|website = {{ | | website = {{URL|victoriabeckham.com}} | ||
}} | }} | ||
}} | }} | ||
'''Victoria Caroline, Lady Beckham''' {{postnominals|country=GBR|OBE}} ({{née|'''Adams'''}}; born 17 April 1974),<ref name="bio">{{cite web |url=http://www.people.com/people/victoria_beckham/biography/0,,,00.html |title=Victoria Beckham |work=People |last=Wang |first=Julia |access-date=21 July 2012 |archive-date=2 July 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120702100505/http://www.people.com/people/victoria_beckham/biography/0,,,00.html |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref name="watch">{{cite news |first=Ellen |last=Barbara |url=https://www.theguardian.com/music/2003/nov/02/popandrock.spicegirls |title=Watch this Spice |work=[[The Guardian]] |date=2 November 2003 |access-date=20 December 2007 |location=London |archive-date=28 December 2007 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071228222257/http://arts.guardian.co.uk/features/story/0,,1076151,00.html |url-status=live }}</ref> is an English fashion designer, singer, and television personality. She rose to prominence in the 1990s as a member of the [[Pop music|pop]] group the [[Spice Girls]], in which she was nicknamed '''Posh Spice'''. After the Spice Girls disbanded in 2001, Beckham signed with [[Virgin Records]], to release her [[Victoria Beckham (album)|self-titled debut solo album]], which produced two UK Top 10 singles. Beckham has also become an internationally recognised style icon and fashion designer. | |||
Beckham has starred in seven official documentaries and reality shows, including ''Victoria's Secrets'' (2000), ''Being Victoria Beckham'' (2002), ''The Real Beckhams'' (2003), ''Victoria Beckham – A Mile in Their Shoes'' (2004), ''[[Victoria Beckham: Coming to America]]'' (2007), ''[[Beckham (TV series)|Beckham]]'' (2023), and the Netflix documentary ''Victoria Beckham'' (2025). She is married to former [[association football]] player [[David Beckham|Sir David Beckham]], and they have four children, including [[Brooklyn Beckham|Brooklyn]] and [[Romeo Beckham|Romeo]]. As of May 2019, the couple's joint wealth is estimated at £355 million.<ref name="business.timesonline.co.uk">{{cite news |date=12 May 2019 |title=Britain's rich list – David and Victoria Beckham |url=https://www.thetimes.com/sunday-times-rich-list/profile/article/david-victoria-beckham-net-worth-sunday-times-rich-list-wt8gk70rz |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200102221930/https://www.thetimes.co.uk/article/sunday-times-rich-list-david-and-victoria-beckham-net-worth-f8xz2lzd2 |archive-date=2 January 2020 |access-date=2 January 2020 |work=[[The Sunday Times]] |publisher=[[Times Newspapers]] |location=London}}</ref> <!-- Since the subject of the article is British, "football" should be used instead of "soccer". Please do not change "football" to "soccer". Thanks! --> | |||
Beckham has starred in | |||
Following high-profile collaborations with other brands, Beckham launched an eponymous label in 2008, and a lower-priced ([[Diffusion line|diffusion]]) label in 2011. The Victoria Beckham label was named designer brand of the year in the UK in 2011; in 2012 the brand was assessed as the star performer in the Beckham family's business interests.<ref name="Telegraph article">{{cite news|last=Whitworth|first=Melissa|title=British Fashion Awards 2011: Victoria Beckham wins designer brand of the year|url=http://fashion.telegraph.co.uk/news-features/TMG8920970/British-Fashion-Awards-2011-How-Victoria-Beckham-conquered-the-fashion-world.html|access-date=5 February 2012|newspaper=Telegraph|date=28 November 2011|location=London|archive-date=14 March 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120314014521/http://fashion.telegraph.co.uk/news-features/TMG8920970/British-Fashion-Awards-2011-How-Victoria-Beckham-conquered-the-fashion-world.html|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="Guardian Bowers">{{cite news|last1=Bowers|first1=Simon|title=Brand it like Beckham: family empire boasts combined profits of £4m|url=https://www.theguardian.com/football/2013/oct/10/beckham-brand-david-family-empire-profits|access-date=6 July 2014|newspaper=The Guardian|date=10 October 2013|archive-date=28 July 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140728103230/http://www.theguardian.com/football/2013/oct/10/beckham-brand-david-family-empire-profits|url-status=live}}</ref> Writing in the ''[[Daily Telegraph]]'' in 2011, Belinda White noted that the transition from [[WAGs|WAG]] to fashion designer had been more successful than most had predicted, saying: "She has gathered a significant celebrity following and won over the scathing fashion pack who now clamour for a ticket to her bi-annual show at New York Fashion Week."<ref name="DT White">{{cite news|last1=White|first1=Belinda|title=Victoria Beckham's fashion line on track to make £60m|url=http://fashion.telegraph.co.uk/article/TMG8846298/Victoria-Beckhams-fashion-line-on-track-to-make-60m.html|access-date=6 July 2014|newspaper=Daily Telegraph|date=24 October 2011|archive-date=14 July 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140714144033/http://fashion.telegraph.co.uk/article/TMG8846298/Victoria-Beckhams-fashion-line-on-track-to-make-60m.html|url-status=live}}</ref> Beckham was appointed | Following high-profile collaborations with other brands, Beckham launched an eponymous label in 2008, and a lower-priced ([[Diffusion line|diffusion]]) label in 2011. The Victoria Beckham label was named designer brand of the year in the UK in 2011; in 2012 the brand was assessed as the star performer in the Beckham family's business interests.<ref name="Telegraph article">{{cite news|last=Whitworth|first=Melissa|title=British Fashion Awards 2011: Victoria Beckham wins designer brand of the year|url=http://fashion.telegraph.co.uk/news-features/TMG8920970/British-Fashion-Awards-2011-How-Victoria-Beckham-conquered-the-fashion-world.html|access-date=5 February 2012|newspaper=Telegraph|date=28 November 2011|location=London|archive-date=14 March 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120314014521/http://fashion.telegraph.co.uk/news-features/TMG8920970/British-Fashion-Awards-2011-How-Victoria-Beckham-conquered-the-fashion-world.html|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="Guardian Bowers">{{cite news|last1=Bowers|first1=Simon|title=Brand it like Beckham: family empire boasts combined profits of £4m|url=https://www.theguardian.com/football/2013/oct/10/beckham-brand-david-family-empire-profits|access-date=6 July 2014|newspaper=The Guardian|date=10 October 2013|archive-date=28 July 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140728103230/http://www.theguardian.com/football/2013/oct/10/beckham-brand-david-family-empire-profits|url-status=live}}</ref> Writing in the ''[[Daily Telegraph]]'' in 2011, Belinda White noted that the transition from [[WAGs|WAG]] to fashion designer had been more successful than most had predicted, saying: "She has gathered a significant celebrity following and won over the scathing fashion pack who now clamour for a ticket to her bi-annual show at New York Fashion Week."<ref name="DT White">{{cite news|last1=White|first1=Belinda|title=Victoria Beckham's fashion line on track to make £60m|url=http://fashion.telegraph.co.uk/article/TMG8846298/Victoria-Beckhams-fashion-line-on-track-to-make-60m.html|access-date=6 July 2014|newspaper=Daily Telegraph|date=24 October 2011|archive-date=14 July 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140714144033/http://fashion.telegraph.co.uk/article/TMG8846298/Victoria-Beckhams-fashion-line-on-track-to-make-60m.html|url-status=live}}</ref> Beckham was appointed [[Officer of the Order of the British Empire]] in the [[2017 New Year Honours]] for services to the fashion industry. | ||
==Early life== | ==Early life== | ||
Victoria Caroline Adams was born on 17 April 1974 at the [[Princess Alexandra Hospital, Harlow|Princess Alexandra Hospital]] in [[Harlow]], Essex, England, and raised in [[Goffs Oak]], Hertfordshire.<ref name="bbc021102">{{cite news |url=https://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/entertainment/2392401.stm |title=Just an ordinary couple? |work=BBC News |date=2 November 2002 |access-date=25 December 2007 |archive-date=5 December 2006 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061205041704/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/entertainment/2392401.stm |url-status=live }}</ref> She is the eldest of three children of Jacqueline Doreen (née Cannon), a former insurance clerk and hairdresser,<ref>{{cite book|title= Posh & Becks|last= Morton|first= Andrew|year= 2007|publisher= Simon and Schuster|location= London|isbn= 978-1416953869|page= 320|url= https://books.google.com/books?id=tN0p2o-atD8C|access-date= 13 March 2016|archive-date= 26 December 2016|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20161226232828/https://books.google.com/books?id=tN0p2o-atD8C|url-status= live}}</ref> and Anthony William Adams, who worked as an electronics engineer. They founded an electronics wholesale business which allowed a comfortable upbringing for Victoria, her sister, Louise,<ref name="bio"/> and her brother, Christian Adams.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/entertainment/showbiz/2233700.stm |title=Victoria Beckham leaves hospital |work=BBC News |access-date=22 December 2007 |date=4 September 2002 |archive-date=19 January 2008 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080119034044/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/entertainment/showbiz/2233700.stm |url-status=live }}</ref> Beckham's great-great-great-grandfather was German artist and revolutionary [[Carl Heinrich Pfänder]] and her great-great-great-granduncle was [[Minnesota]] politician [[William Pfaender]].<ref>{{cite web|title=Frau Power! Victoria Beckham has German roots|url=http://www.bild.de/news/bild-english/has-german-roots-5369646,view=amp.bild.html|year=2008|access-date=21 December 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171013225509/http://www.bild.de/news/bild-english/has-german-roots-5369646,view=amp.bild.html|archive-date=13 October 2017|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Victoria Beckham's 'alien' ancestry revealed|url=http://metro.co.uk/2010/02/25/victoria-beckhams-communist-background-as-alien-ancestry-revealed-130128/|year=2010|access-date=15 October 2017|archive-date=16 October 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171016122048/http://metro.co.uk/2010/02/25/victoria-beckhams-communist-background-as-alien-ancestry-revealed-130128/|url-status=live}}</ref> | |||
After watching the musical film ''[[Fame (1980 film)|Fame]]'' in 1980, she decided to pursue a musical career.<ref name="bio"/><ref name="guilty">Herman, James Patrick. {{cite news |url=http://edition.cnn.com/2007/LIVING/wayoflife/09/25/beckham/index.html |title=Victoria Beckham's guilty pleasures |website=CNN |access-date=25 December 2007 |date=26 September 2007 |archive-date=21 December 2007 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071221190925/http://edition.cnn.com/2007/LIVING/wayoflife/09/25/beckham/index.html |url-status=live }}</ref> Jacqueline and Anthony Adams enrolled her at Jason Theatre School.<ref name="bio"/> In 1991, Beckham entered [[Laine Theatre Arts]] in [[Epsom, Surrey]] and studied dance and modelling.<ref name="bio"/><ref name="watch"/> Beckham attended [[St Mary's Church of England High School|St. Mary's High School]] in [[Cheshunt]], where she was embarrassed by her family's wealth and often begged her father not to drop her off outside the school in their [[Rolls-Royce (car)|Rolls-Royce]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.hellomagazine.com/celebrities/specials/victoriabeckham/pagina_2_1.html|title=Wannabe|work=[[Hello! (magazine)|Hello!]]|access-date=21 December 2007|archive-date=12 December 2007|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071212165222/http://www.hellomagazine.com/celebrities/specials/victoriabeckham/pagina_2_1.html|url-status=live}}</ref> Eventually, she became a member of a band called Persuasion.<ref name="breaks">{{cite news |url= | After watching the musical film ''[[Fame (1980 film)|Fame]]'' in 1980, she decided to pursue a musical career.<ref name="bio"/><ref name="guilty">Herman, James Patrick. {{cite news |url=http://edition.cnn.com/2007/LIVING/wayoflife/09/25/beckham/index.html |title=Victoria Beckham's guilty pleasures |website=CNN |access-date=25 December 2007 |date=26 September 2007 |archive-date=21 December 2007 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071221190925/http://edition.cnn.com/2007/LIVING/wayoflife/09/25/beckham/index.html |url-status=live }}</ref> Jacqueline and Anthony Adams enrolled her at Jason Theatre School.<ref name="bio"/> In 1991, Beckham entered [[Laine Theatre Arts]] in [[Epsom, Surrey]] and studied dance and modelling.<ref name="bio"/><ref name="watch"/> Beckham attended [[St Mary's Church of England High School|St. Mary's High School]] in [[Cheshunt]], where she was embarrassed by her family's wealth and often begged her father not to drop her off outside the school in their [[Rolls-Royce (car)|Rolls-Royce]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.hellomagazine.com/celebrities/specials/victoriabeckham/pagina_2_1.html|title=Wannabe|work=[[Hello! (magazine)|Hello!]]|access-date=21 December 2007|archive-date=12 December 2007|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071212165222/http://www.hellomagazine.com/celebrities/specials/victoriabeckham/pagina_2_1.html|url-status=live}}</ref> Eventually, she became a member of a band called Persuasion.<ref name="breaks">{{cite news |url=https://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/entertainment/showbiz/1515033.stm |title=Posh breaks record book deal |work=BBC News |date=29 August 2001 |access-date=27 December 2007 |archive-date=19 January 2008 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080119034039/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/entertainment/showbiz/1515033.stm |url-status=live }}</ref> | ||
== Music career == | == Music career == | ||
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===1994–2000: Spice Girls=== | ===1994–2000: Spice Girls=== | ||
{{Main|Spice Girls}} | {{Main|Spice Girls}} | ||
Beckham auditioned for a March 1994 advertisement in ''[[The Stage]]'' which required girls who were "street smart, extrovert[ed], ambitious and able to sing and dance".<ref name="bbc021102" /> In 1994, Beckham joined the all-female group, the [[Spice Girls]]. In the recordings before her marriage, she is credited with her maiden name as Victoria Adams. The group's first single was called "[[Wannabe]]" (1996), and she worked alongside [[Geri Halliwell]], [[Emma Bunton]], [[Mel B]] and [[Melanie C]]. It went to number one in the United Kingdom and United States, and another 35 countries. It was followed by eight further number one singles from their albums ''[[Spice (album)|Spice]]'', ''[[Spiceworld (album)|Spiceworld]]'' and ''[[Forever (Spice Girls album)|Forever]]''.<ref name="watch" /> Each member of the group received a nickname from the media and Beckham was named "Posh Spice".<ref>[https://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/home-news/posh-v-posh-spice-girl-launches-bid-to-claim-clubs-nickname-603432.html "Posh v Posh: Spice Girl launches bid to claim club's nickname"]{{dead link|date=August 2021|bot=medic}}{{cbignore|bot=medic}}. ''The Independent''. 6 November 2002.</ref><ref>[http://top40.about.com/od/s/tp/spicegirls.htm "Spice Girls Then... and Now"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140407061601/http://top40.about.com/od/s/tp/spicegirls.htm |date=7 April 2014 }}. ''About.com''.</ref> The group is [[List of best-selling girl groups#Best-selling girl groups worldwide|the best-selling female group of all time]], selling over 80 million records worldwide.<ref name="85m">{{cite news|url=http://www.marieclaire.com/celebrity/a21505/geri-halliwell-spice-girls-story/|publisher=Marie Clarie|title=My Life as a Spice Girl: Geri "Ginger Spice" Halliwell (Now Horner) Looks Back at the Beginnings of a Pop Culture Phenomenon|date=12 July 2016|access-date=17 February 2017|archive-date=19 February 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170219043248/http://www.marieclaire.com/celebrity/a21505/geri-halliwell-spice-girls-story/|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="bbc80">{{cite news|url= | Beckham auditioned for a March 1994 advertisement in ''[[The Stage]]'' which required girls who were "street smart, extrovert[ed], ambitious and able to sing and dance".<ref name="bbc021102" /> In 1994, Beckham joined the all-female group, the [[Spice Girls]]. In the recordings before her marriage, she is credited with her maiden name as Victoria Adams. The group's first single was called "[[Wannabe]]" (1996), and she worked alongside [[Geri Halliwell]], [[Emma Bunton]], [[Mel B]] and [[Melanie C]]. It went to number one in the United Kingdom and United States, and another 35 countries. It was followed by eight further number one singles from their albums ''[[Spice (album)|Spice]]'', ''[[Spiceworld (album)|Spiceworld]]'' and ''[[Forever (Spice Girls album)|Forever]]''.<ref name="watch" /> Each member of the group received a nickname from the media and Beckham was named "Posh Spice".<ref>[https://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/home-news/posh-v-posh-spice-girl-launches-bid-to-claim-clubs-nickname-603432.html "Posh v Posh: Spice Girl launches bid to claim club's nickname"]{{dead link|date=August 2021|bot=medic}}{{cbignore|bot=medic}}. ''The Independent''. 6 November 2002.</ref><ref>[http://top40.about.com/od/s/tp/spicegirls.htm "Spice Girls Then... and Now"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140407061601/http://top40.about.com/od/s/tp/spicegirls.htm |date=7 April 2014 }}. ''About.com''.</ref> The group is [[List of best-selling girl groups#Best-selling girl groups worldwide|the best-selling female group of all time]], selling over 80 million records worldwide.<ref name="85m">{{cite news|url=http://www.marieclaire.com/celebrity/a21505/geri-halliwell-spice-girls-story/|publisher=Marie Clarie|title=My Life as a Spice Girl: Geri "Ginger Spice" Halliwell (Now Horner) Looks Back at the Beginnings of a Pop Culture Phenomenon|date=12 July 2016|access-date=17 February 2017|archive-date=19 February 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170219043248/http://www.marieclaire.com/celebrity/a21505/geri-halliwell-spice-girls-story/|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="bbc80">{{cite news|url=https://news.bbc.co.uk/local/leeds/hi/people_and_places/newsid_9377000/9377923.stm|work=BBC News|location=London|title=Spice Girls collection mission for Liz West|date=27 January 2011|access-date=28 November 2012|archive-date=4 August 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120804113305/http://news.bbc.co.uk/local/leeds/hi/people_and_places/newsid_9377000/9377923.stm|url-status=live}}</ref> After the release of their third album, ''Forever'', which charted at number two in the UK but was far less successful than their previous two albums, the Spice Girls stopped recording, concentrating on their solo careers in regards to their foreseeable future.<ref>[https://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/entertainment/2774437.stm Spice Girls dismiss comeback plan] BBC. Retrieved 18 September 2011</ref> | ||
===2000–2002: ''Victoria Beckham''=== | ===2000–2002: ''Victoria Beckham''=== | ||
On 14 August 2000, Beckham released her first solo single, "[[Out of Your Mind]]" in collaboration with [[Dane Bowers]] and [[Truesteppers]].<ref name="bbc021102" /> The week of release coincided with the release of "[[Groovejet (If This Ain't Love)]]" by [[Spiller]] featuring [[Sophie Ellis-Bextor]], resulting in a chart battle dubbed 'Posh vs. Posher' by the tabloids.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.dooyoo.co.uk/music-records/read-my-lips-sophie-ellis-bextor/390329 |title=Here One She Made Earlier... |work=Dooyoo |access-date=18 December 2007 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110212104925/http://www.dooyoo.co.uk/music-records/read-my-lips-sophie-ellis-bextor/390329/ |archive-date=12 February 2011 |url-status=dead }}</ref> Before the single's release, on 8 July 2000, Beckham made her public solo debut at London's [[Hyde Park, London|Hyde Park]] at a concert to raise money for the [[Prince's Trust]] charity. She sang "Out of Your Mind" to a 100,000-strong audience.<ref>{{cite news |url= | On 14 August 2000, Beckham released her first solo single, "[[Out of Your Mind]]" in collaboration with [[Dane Bowers]] and [[Truesteppers]].<ref name="bbc021102" /> The week of release coincided with the release of "[[Groovejet (If This Ain't Love)]]" by [[Spiller]] featuring [[Sophie Ellis-Bextor]], resulting in a chart battle dubbed 'Posh vs. Posher' by the tabloids.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.dooyoo.co.uk/music-records/read-my-lips-sophie-ellis-bextor/390329 |title=Here One She Made Earlier... |work=Dooyoo |access-date=18 December 2007 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110212104925/http://www.dooyoo.co.uk/music-records/read-my-lips-sophie-ellis-bextor/390329/ |archive-date=12 February 2011 |url-status=dead }}</ref> Before the single's release, on 8 July 2000, Beckham made her public solo debut at London's [[Hyde Park, London|Hyde Park]] at a concert to raise money for the [[Prince's Trust]] charity. She sang "Out of Your Mind" to a 100,000-strong audience.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/entertainment/826061.stm |title=Solo debut for Posh Spice |work=BBC News |date=9 July 2000 |access-date=28 December 2007 |archive-date=11 January 2009 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090111212713/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/entertainment/826061.stm |url-status=live }}</ref> Beckham then signed a recording contract with her group label [[Virgin Records]].<ref name="watch" /> Her next single as a solo artist, "[[Not Such An Innocent Girl]]", was released on 17 September 2001.<ref name="biography">{{cite web |url=http://www.people.com/people/victoria_beckham/biography |title=Victoria Beckham |work=[[People (American magazine)|People]] |access-date=18 December 2007 |archive-date=6 August 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160806103030/http://www.people.com/people/victoria_beckham/biography/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> Again, she faced competition in another hugely hyped chart battle, this time with [[Kylie Minogue]]'s single "[[Can't Get You Out of My Head]]".<ref>{{cite news |url=https://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/entertainment/1548445.stm |title=Kylie and Beckham begin chart race |work=BBC News |date=17 September 2001 |access-date=19 December 2007 |archive-date=11 January 2009 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090111210854/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/entertainment/music/1548445.stm |url-status=live }}</ref> Despite a huge promotional campaign, Beckham was outsold eight to one, and her single debuted at number 6.<ref name="book" /> Beckham's [[Victoria Beckham (album)|eponymous debut album]], which was released on 1 October 2001, reached Number 10 in the [[UK album chart]].<ref>{{cite news |url=https://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/entertainment/1586093.stm |title=Double chart triumph for Kylie |work=BBC News |date=22 October 2001 |access-date=19 December 2007 |archive-date=3 April 2008 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080403204616/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/entertainment/music/1586093.stm |url-status=live }}</ref> The album cost a reputed £5 million to produce and it sold a modest 50,000 copies.<ref name="slights">{{cite news |date=23 September 2003 |title=Beckham producer slights her talent |url=https://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/entertainment/3131504.stm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090111205813/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/entertainment/music/3131504.stm |archive-date=11 January 2009 |access-date=19 December 2007 |work=BBC News}}</ref> | ||
The second and final single to be released from the album was "[[A Mind of Its Own]]" on 11 February 2002. The single reached number 6 in the UK<ref name="misses" /> and sold 56,500 copies.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://foreverspice.com/spicediscography/victoriabeckham-amoio.htm |title=Victoria Beckham – A Mind of Its Own |publisher=foreverspice.com |access-date=18 December 2007 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110505094225/http://foreverspice.com/spicediscography/victoriabeckham-amoio.htm |archive-date=5 May 2011 |url-status=dead }}</ref> Rumours soon spread that Beckham was to be dropped by her label for not charting in the Top Three. These were strongly denied at the time.<ref name="staying">{{cite news |url= | The second and final single to be released from the album was "[[A Mind of Its Own]]" on 11 February 2002. The single reached number 6 in the UK<ref name="misses" /> and sold 56,500 copies.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://foreverspice.com/spicediscography/victoriabeckham-amoio.htm |title=Victoria Beckham – A Mind of Its Own |publisher=foreverspice.com |access-date=18 December 2007 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110505094225/http://foreverspice.com/spicediscography/victoriabeckham-amoio.htm |archive-date=5 May 2011 |url-status=dead }}</ref> Rumours soon spread that Beckham was to be dropped by her label for not charting in the Top Three. These were strongly denied at the time.<ref name="staying">{{cite news |url=https://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/entertainment/1826204.stm |title=Beckham: 'I'm staying with label |work=BBC News |date=17 February 2002 |access-date=18 December 2007 |archive-date=11 January 2009 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090111211808/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/entertainment/music/1826204.stm |url-status=live }}</ref> Beckham commented "You know what newspapers are like, they just like to put all the negative stuff in, but as far as I'm concerned and the record company is concerned it is all great."<ref name="staying" /> A third single, "I Wish", was promoted but never materialised. The single version was a remix featuring Robbie Craig, and was performed on TV on ''[[Ian Wright|Friday Night's All Wright]]''.<ref>Arlidge, John. {{cite news |url=https://www.theguardian.com/football/2002/jan/13/sport.comment5 |title=Is this Mr Right? |work=[[The Guardian]] |date=13 January 2002 |access-date=19 December 2007 |location=London |first=John |last=Arlidge |archive-date=12 October 2008 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081012115117/http://observer.guardian.co.uk/comment/story/0,,631896,00.html |url-status=live }}</ref> Following the announcement of Beckham's second pregnancy, the single was shelved. Beckham was reportedly dropped by Virgin Records along with fellow [[Spice Girls]] [[Emma Bunton]] and [[Melanie B]],<ref name="parts">{{cite news |url=https://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/entertainment/2027032.stm |title=Posh parts with label |work=BBC News |date=5 June 2002 |access-date=18 December 2007 |archive-date=3 April 2008 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080403113155/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/entertainment/music/2027032.stm |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.theguardian.com/media/2003/jul/24/marketingandpr.football |title=Fuller scores Beckham brand deal |work=[[The Guardian]] |date=24 July 2003 |access-date=19 December 2007 |location=London |first=Dominic |last=Timms |archive-date=19 December 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131219191548/http://www.theguardian.com/media/2003/jul/24/marketingandpr.football |url-status=live }}</ref> but a statement from her publicist denied reports, stating: "No-one has been dropped. The Virgin deal has come to a natural end and both parties have decided not to continue."<ref name="parts" /><ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.theguardian.com/media/2003/jul/24/marketingandpr.football |title=Posh gets push from her record label |work=The Guardian |date=July 2003 |access-date=1 September 2012 |location=London |first=Tony |last=Bonnici |archive-date=19 December 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131219191548/http://www.theguardian.com/media/2003/jul/24/marketingandpr.football |url-status=live }}</ref> | ||
===2002–2004: Unreleased albums and final solo releases=== | ===2002–2004: Unreleased albums and final solo releases=== | ||
In 2002, Beckham signed a contract with [[Telstar Records]] and [[19 Management]]<ref name="slights" /> worth £1.5 million.<ref name="watch" /> In 2002, she began recording an electropop-influenced album, tentatively titled ''Open Your Eyes''.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.femalefirst.co.uk/celebrity/115472004.htm|title=Victoria Beckham's scrapped album leaked|work=Female First|date=8 September 2006|access-date=18 December 2007|archive-date=17 July 2009|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090717075759/http://www.femalefirst.co.uk/celebrity/115472004.htm|url-status=live}}</ref> However, desiring a more urban sound, she began working with producer [[Damon Dash]] the following year on [[Rhythm and blues|R&B]] and [[Hip hop culture|hip hop]] influenced tracks for an album tentatively titled ''Come Together.''<ref name=":0">Regan, Susannah. {{cite web |url=http://www.digitalspy.co.uk/music/a36798/beckham-angry-about-album-leak.html |title=Beckham angry about album leak |work=[[Digital Spy]] |date=8 September 2006 |access-date=22 December 2007 |archive-date=15 July 2009 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090715175552/http://www.digitalspy.co.uk/music/a36798/beckham-angry-about-album-leak.html |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="misses" /> The Dash-produced track "It's That Simple" featuring [[M.O.P.]] premiered on radio stations in July 2003 as a promotional single, generating mixed reviews.<ref name="misses" /> Beckham's first single with Telstar, the double A-side "[[Let Your Head Go]]" / "[[This Groove]]", was released in the UK on 29 December 2003, utilizing one song from both projects: "Let Your Head Go" from ''Open Your Eyes'' and "This Groove" from ''Come Together.''<ref>{{cite web |last=Foth |first=Michael |date=18 August 2023 |title=Scrapped Albums That Were Never Released |url=https://billingsmix.com/pub-station-fall-concerts-2023/ |access-date=26 January 2024 |website=Mix 97.1 }}</ref><ref name="misses" /> The release received heavy promotion and many TV appearances across the Christmas period and charted at number three in the UK.<ref name="misses">{{cite news |url= | In 2002, Beckham signed a contract with [[Telstar Records]] and [[19 Management]]<ref name="slights" /> worth £1.5 million.<ref name="watch" /> In 2002, she began recording an electropop-influenced album, tentatively titled ''Open Your Eyes''.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.femalefirst.co.uk/celebrity/115472004.htm|title=Victoria Beckham's scrapped album leaked|work=Female First|date=8 September 2006|access-date=18 December 2007|archive-date=17 July 2009|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090717075759/http://www.femalefirst.co.uk/celebrity/115472004.htm|url-status=live}}</ref> However, desiring a more urban sound, she began working with producer [[Damon Dash]] the following year on [[Rhythm and blues|R&B]] and [[Hip hop culture|hip hop]] influenced tracks for an album tentatively titled ''Come Together.''<ref name=":0">Regan, Susannah. {{cite web |url=http://www.digitalspy.co.uk/music/a36798/beckham-angry-about-album-leak.html |title=Beckham angry about album leak |work=[[Digital Spy]] |date=8 September 2006 |access-date=22 December 2007 |archive-date=15 July 2009 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090715175552/http://www.digitalspy.co.uk/music/a36798/beckham-angry-about-album-leak.html |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="misses" /> The Dash-produced track "It's That Simple" featuring [[M.O.P.]] premiered on radio stations in July 2003 as a promotional single, generating mixed reviews.<ref name="misses" /> Beckham's first single with Telstar, the double A-side "[[Let Your Head Go]]" / "[[This Groove]]", was released in the UK on 29 December 2003, utilizing one song from both projects: "Let Your Head Go" from ''Open Your Eyes'' and "This Groove" from ''Come Together.''<ref>{{cite web |last=Foth |first=Michael |date=18 August 2023 |title=Scrapped Albums That Were Never Released |url=https://billingsmix.com/pub-station-fall-concerts-2023/ |access-date=26 January 2024 |website=Mix 97.1 }}</ref><ref name="misses" /> The release received heavy promotion and many TV appearances across the Christmas period and charted at number three in the UK.<ref name="misses">{{cite news |url=https://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/entertainment/3367315.stm |title=Beckham misses out on number one |work=BBC News |date=4 January 2005 |access-date=19 December 2007 |archive-date=18 October 2006 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061018012257/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/entertainment/music/3367315.stm |url-status=live }}</ref> Outside of the UK, Simon Fuller reportedly had planned to market Beckham’s music in the US.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.mtv.co.uk/channel/mtvuk/news/mtv_news_round_up_25_05_2004 |title=MTV News Round-Up 25 May 2004 |work=MTV |date=25 May 2004|access-date=18 December 2007|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071210075028/http://www.mtv.co.uk/channel/mtvuk/news/mtv_news_round_up_25_05_2004 <!--Added by H3llBot-->|archive-date=10 December 2007}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.contactmusic.com/new/xmlfeed.nsf/mndwebpages/beckham.s%20rapping%20ridiculed |title=Beckham's Rapping Ridiculed |work=Contact Music |access-date=28 December 2007 |date=15 January 2004 |archive-date=2 July 2009 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090702070458/http://www.contactmusic.com/new/xmlfeed.nsf/mndwebpages/beckham.s%20rapping%20ridiculed |url-status=dead }}</ref> In April 2004, Telstar announced bankruptcy and both albums were cancelled, while Beckham, disappointed with wasted time in studio, gave up music to focus on her fashion career.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.timesonline.co.uk/tol/news/uk/article461539.ece |title=Posh Spice has finally done something to improve pop music |work=[[The Times]] |date=26 July 2004 |access-date=28 December 2007 |location=London |first=Adam |last=Sherwin |archive-date=27 March 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220327170022/https://www.thetimes.co.uk/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> The albums were never released, but have since leaked online in their entirety.<ref>{{cite web |last=Ehrbar |first=Ned |date=26 May 2016 |title=Victoria Beckham's post-Spice Girls hip-hop demos leak online – CBS News |url=https://www.cbsnews.com/news/victoria-beckham-hip-hop-demos-leak/ |access-date=26 January 2024 |website=www.cbsnews.com }}</ref><ref name=":0" /> | ||
===2007–2012: Return of the Spice Girls=== | ===2007–2012: Return of the Spice Girls=== | ||
[[File:Victoria Beckham and the Spice Girls in Las Vegas 2007.jpg|thumb|left|upright|Beckham performing with the Spice Girls in Las Vegas in December 2007]] | [[File:Victoria Beckham and the Spice Girls in Las Vegas 2007.jpg|thumb|left|upright|Beckham performing with the Spice Girls in Las Vegas in December 2007]] | ||
In 2007, the Spice Girls reformed and announced plans to embark upon [[The Return of the Spice Girls|a reunion tour]],<ref name="fifty-five">{{cite news |url= | In 2007, the Spice Girls reformed and announced plans to embark upon [[The Return of the Spice Girls|a reunion tour]],<ref name="fifty-five">{{cite news |url=https://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/entertainment/6246448.stm |title=Spice Girls announce reunion tour |work=BBC News |date=13 July 2007 |access-date=14 July 2007 |archive-date=15 July 2007 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070715173821/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/entertainment/6246448.stm |url-status=live }}</ref> from which they were said to have earned £10 million each (approximately $20 million).<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/arts/main.jhtml?xml=/arts/2007/12/16/bmspice216.xml |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071217112326/http://www.telegraph.co.uk/arts/main.jhtml?xml=%2Farts%2F2007%2F12%2F16%2Fbmspice216.xml |url-status=dead |archive-date=17 December 2007 |title=A decade on, Spice Girls rock in London gig |work=[[The Daily Telegraph]] |access-date=20 December 2007 |first=Roya |last=Nikkhah |date=16 December 2007 }}</ref> Beckham had previously stated that she and her former Spice colleagues were enjoying their solo careers in various fields, saying "We're all still doing our own thing."<ref>{{cite web|url=http://news.softpedia.com/news/Victoria-Beckham-Confident-In-Spice-Girls-Reunion-5937.shtml|title=Victoria Beckham Confident in Spice Girls' Reunion|publisher=[[Softpedia]]|access-date=5 August 2005|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20051115182938/http://news.softpedia.com/news/Victoria-Beckham-Confident-In-Spice-Girls-Reunion-5937.shtml|archive-date=15 November 2005}}</ref> Their ''[[Greatest Hits (Spice Girls album)|Greatest Hits]]'' album was released in early-November 2007 and the tour began on 2 December 2007. At its advent, Beckham said "I wanted my children to see that Mummy was a pop star. It was the last opportunity for them to stand in a crowd full of people screaming for the Spice Girls."<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.news.com.au/story/0,23599,22885089-23109,00.html |title=Shock! Horror! Posh Spice sleeps naked |work=news.com.au |access-date=22 December 2007 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071208144532/http://www.news.com.au/story/0,23599,22885089-23109,00.html |archive-date=8 December 2007 }}</ref> When Beckham had her hair coloured brown for the tour, she stated that her sons immediately reacted by saying "Oh my goodness, it's Posh Spice. She's back."<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.nzherald.co.nz/section/1501119/story.cfm?c_id=1501119&objectid=10473694 |title=Victoria Beckham's kids tell her: 'Posh Spice is back!' |work=[[The New Zealand Herald]] |date=2 November 2007|access-date=2 December 2007}}</ref> | ||
Film-maker Bob Smeaton directed an official film of the tour titled ''[[Giving You Everything|Spice Girls: Giving You Everything]]'', which was first aired on [[Fox8]] in Australia. It later aired in the UK, on 31 December 2007 on BBC One.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/pressoffice/pressreleases/stories/2007/10_october/19/spice.shtml |title=New Spice Girls documentary on BBC One on 31 December |work=BBC Press Office |date=19 October 2007 |access-date=4 December 2007 |archive-date=24 October 2007 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071024012509/http://www.bbc.co.uk/pressoffice/pressreleases/stories/2007/10_october/19/spice.shtml |url-status=live }}</ref> As well as their sell-out tour, the Spice Girls were contracted to appear in [[Tesco]] advertisements, for which they were paid £1 million each.<ref name="tesco">{{cite news |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/main.jhtml?xml=/news/2007/11/12/nspice112.xml |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071113101048/http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/main.jhtml?xml=%2Fnews%2F2007%2F11%2F12%2Fnspice112.xml |url-status=dead |archive-date=13 November 2007 |title=Spice Girls front Tesco advertising campaign |work=The Daily Telegraph |access-date=20 December 2007 |location=London |first=Megan |last=Levy |date=12 November 2007 }}</ref> | Film-maker Bob Smeaton directed an official film of the tour titled ''[[Giving You Everything|Spice Girls: Giving You Everything]]'', which was first aired on [[Fox8]] in Australia. It later aired in the UK, on 31 December 2007 on BBC One.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/pressoffice/pressreleases/stories/2007/10_october/19/spice.shtml |title=New Spice Girls documentary on BBC One on 31 December |work=BBC Press Office |date=19 October 2007 |access-date=4 December 2007 |archive-date=24 October 2007 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071024012509/http://www.bbc.co.uk/pressoffice/pressreleases/stories/2007/10_october/19/spice.shtml |url-status=live }}</ref> As well as their sell-out tour, the Spice Girls were contracted to appear in [[Tesco]] advertisements, for which they were paid £1 million each.<ref name="tesco">{{cite news |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/main.jhtml?xml=/news/2007/11/12/nspice112.xml |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071113101048/http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/main.jhtml?xml=%2Fnews%2F2007%2F11%2F12%2Fnspice112.xml |url-status=dead |archive-date=13 November 2007 |title=Spice Girls front Tesco advertising campaign |work=The Daily Telegraph |access-date=20 December 2007 |location=London |first=Megan |last=Levy |date=12 November 2007 }}</ref> | ||
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== Fashion == | == Fashion == | ||
[[File:Victoria Beckham During London Fashion Week Reception at Winfield House.jpg|thumb|upright|Beckham at [[London Fashion Week]] in 2015]] | [[File:Victoria Beckham During London Fashion Week Reception at Winfield House.jpg|thumb|upright|Beckham at [[London Fashion Week]] in 2015]] | ||
Beckham made a guest appearance on the catwalk for [[Maria Grachvogel]] on 17 February 2000, marking her debut as a model at [[London Fashion Week]].<ref>{{cite news|url= | Beckham made a guest appearance on the catwalk for [[Maria Grachvogel]] on 17 February 2000, marking her debut as a model at [[London Fashion Week]].<ref>{{cite news|url=https://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/entertainment/645034.stm|title=Posh spices up Fashion Week|date=16 February 2000|work=BBC News|access-date=1 May 2010|archive-date=1 June 2006|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060601160720/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/entertainment/645034.stm|url-status=live}}</ref> Beckham also acted as a British ambassador for [[Dolce and Gabbana]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.vogue.co.uk/vogue_daily/story/story.asp?stid=10395|title=Posh sticks with D&G|date=17 May 2003|work=[[Vogue (magazine)|Vogue]]|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070805054632/http://www.vogue.co.uk/vogue_daily/story/story.asp?stid=10395|archive-date=5 August 2007|access-date=19 December 2007}}</ref> and was briefly the face of [[Rocawear]] in 2003.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.contactmusic.com/new/xmlfeed.nsf/mndwebpages/posh%20ousts%20naomi%20as%20rocawear%20queen|title=Posh outs Naomi as Rocawear Queen|date=28 August 2003|work=Contact Music|access-date=19 December 2007|archive-date=28 December 2007|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071228195337/http://www.contactmusic.com/new/xmlfeed.nsf/mndwebpages/posh%20ousts%20naomi%20as%20rocawear%20queen|url-status=live}}</ref> Beckham designed a limited-edition fashion line for [[Rock and Republic|Rock & Republic]] called VB Rocks in 2004, consisting mainly of jeans for the high end of the market, retailing at approximately $300 in the US.<ref name="ok">{{cite web|url=http://www.okmagazine.com.au/Celebrities.html?p=celebrityProfile&celebrityId=45|title=Victoria Beckham|work=[[OK! Magazine]]|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070901114611/http://okmagazine.com.au/Celebrities.html?p=celebrityProfile&celebrityId=45|archive-date=1 September 2007|access-date=19 December 2007}}</ref> | ||
On 16 January 2006, Beckham walked the runway for [[Roberto Cavalli]] at [[Milan Fashion Week]], and was for a period exclusively dressed by him for red-carpet and social events.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.theage.com.au/news/fashion/posh-on-the-catwalk/2006/01/17/1137260029558.html|title=Posh on the catwalk|date=17 January 2006|work=[[The Age]]|access-date=19 December 2007|location=Melbourne|archive-date=25 December 2007|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071225073901/http://www.theage.com.au/news/fashion/posh-on-the-catwalk/2006/01/17/1137260029558.html|url-status=live}}</ref> For the March 2006 issue of ''[[Harper's Bazaar]]'', Beckham acted as fashion editor when she styled her close friend, [[Katie Holmes]], for a fashion shoot.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://people.com/celebrity/katie-holmes-i-love-calling-tom-husband/|title=Katie Holmes: I Love Calling Tom 'Husband'|date=2 February 2007|website=People|access-date=11 March 2019|archive-date=29 June 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200629072627/https://people.com/celebrity/katie-holmes-i-love-calling-tom-husband/|url-status=live}}</ref> She has admitted to a personal love of sunglasses, saying "I'm quite obsessed with sunglasses. I collect vintage Guccis and Carreras – they can make virtually any outfit look cool."<ref name="guilty"/> After Beckham's departure from Rock & Republic, in September 2006, she furthered her fashion ventures by launching her own denim label, dvb Style.<ref name="ok"/><ref name="chinease"/> Beckham then launched a new official website, dvbstyle.com to promote her fashion work.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.entertainmentwise.com/news?id=23774|title=Victoria Beckham Launches A Fashion Website|work=Entertainment Wise|access-date=19 December 2007|archive-date=28 December 2007|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071228112103/http://www.entertainmentwise.com/news?id=23774|url-status=live}}</ref> | On 16 January 2006, Beckham walked the runway for [[Roberto Cavalli]] at [[Milan Fashion Week]], and was for a period exclusively dressed by him for red-carpet and social events.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.theage.com.au/news/fashion/posh-on-the-catwalk/2006/01/17/1137260029558.html|title=Posh on the catwalk|date=17 January 2006|work=[[The Age]]|access-date=19 December 2007|location=Melbourne|archive-date=25 December 2007|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071225073901/http://www.theage.com.au/news/fashion/posh-on-the-catwalk/2006/01/17/1137260029558.html|url-status=live}}</ref> For the March 2006 issue of ''[[Harper's Bazaar]]'', Beckham acted as fashion editor when she styled her close friend, [[Katie Holmes]], for a fashion shoot.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://people.com/celebrity/katie-holmes-i-love-calling-tom-husband/|title=Katie Holmes: I Love Calling Tom 'Husband'|date=2 February 2007|website=People|access-date=11 March 2019|archive-date=29 June 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200629072627/https://people.com/celebrity/katie-holmes-i-love-calling-tom-husband/|url-status=live}}</ref> She has admitted to a personal love of sunglasses, saying "I'm quite obsessed with sunglasses. I collect vintage Guccis and Carreras – they can make virtually any outfit look cool."<ref name="guilty"/> After Beckham's departure from Rock & Republic, in September 2006, she furthered her fashion ventures by launching her own denim label, dvb Style.<ref name="ok"/><ref name="chinease"/> Beckham then launched a new official website, dvbstyle.com to promote her fashion work.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.entertainmentwise.com/news?id=23774|title=Victoria Beckham Launches A Fashion Website|work=Entertainment Wise|access-date=19 December 2007|archive-date=28 December 2007|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071228112103/http://www.entertainmentwise.com/news?id=23774|url-status=live}}</ref> | ||
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[[File:DVB-Jeansvorstellung 007 (cropped).jpg|thumb|right|upright|Beckham in Düsseldorf in October 2008]] | [[File:DVB-Jeansvorstellung 007 (cropped).jpg|thumb|right|upright|Beckham in Düsseldorf in October 2008]] | ||
Beckham has shot five official documentaries. The first, dated 11 January 2000, was called ''Victoria's Secrets'', a programme only shown in the UK on [[Channel 4]]. It involved Beckham being followed by cameras while also discussing and interviewing other British celebrities, such as [[Elton John]].<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.theguardian.com/tv_and_radio/story/0,,244893,00.html |title=Watch this |work=[[The Guardian]] |date=11 January 2000 |access-date=22 December 2007 |location=London |archive-date=27 March 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220327170021/https://www.theguardian.com/media/2000/jan/11/tvandradio.television2 |url-status=live }}</ref> | Beckham has shot five official documentaries. The first, dated 11 January 2000, was called ''Victoria's Secrets'', a programme only shown in the UK on [[Channel 4]]. It involved Beckham being followed by cameras while also discussing and interviewing other British celebrities, such as [[Elton John]].<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.theguardian.com/tv_and_radio/story/0,,244893,00.html |title=Watch this |work=[[The Guardian]] |date=11 January 2000 |access-date=22 December 2007 |location=London |archive-date=27 March 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220327170021/https://www.theguardian.com/media/2000/jan/11/tvandradio.television2 |url-status=live }}</ref> | ||
The second, ''Being Victoria Beckham'', was broadcast in March 2002 and saw Beckham discussing her career as a solo artist with the release of her first album, and also showed her at various photo shoots and recording sessions. The documentary attracted a strong audience of 8.83 million,<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.barb.co.uk/viewingsummary/weekreports.cfm?report=weeklyterrestrial&RequestTimeout=500 |title=Weekly Viewing Summary. Scroll to w.e 10/03/02 |work=[[BARB]] |access-date=28 December 2007 |archive-date=12 July 2008 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080712091241/http://www.barb.co.uk/viewingsummary/weekreports.cfm?report=weeklyterrestrial&RequestTimeout=500 |url-status=dead }}</ref> coming top in its timeslot.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.theguardian.com/media/2002/mar/05/overnights |title=Beckham brings 8m to ITV1 |work=The Guardian |date=5 March 2002 |access-date=20 December 2007 |location=London |first=Jessica |last=Hodgson |archive-date=19 December 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131219185649/http://www.theguardian.com/media/2002/mar/05/overnights |url-status=live }}</ref> One critic described her as "so clearly level-headed, happy with her not inconsiderable lot and seemingly unfazed by the madly intrusive nature of her monumentally ridiculous fame".<ref name="laydeez">{{cite news |url= | The second, ''Being Victoria Beckham'', was broadcast in March 2002 and saw Beckham discussing her career as a solo artist with the release of her first album, and also showed her at various photo shoots and recording sessions. The documentary attracted a strong audience of 8.83 million,<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.barb.co.uk/viewingsummary/weekreports.cfm?report=weeklyterrestrial&RequestTimeout=500 |title=Weekly Viewing Summary. Scroll to w.e 10/03/02 |work=[[BARB]] |access-date=28 December 2007 |archive-date=12 July 2008 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080712091241/http://www.barb.co.uk/viewingsummary/weekreports.cfm?report=weeklyterrestrial&RequestTimeout=500 |url-status=dead }}</ref> coming top in its timeslot.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.theguardian.com/media/2002/mar/05/overnights |title=Beckham brings 8m to ITV1 |work=The Guardian |date=5 March 2002 |access-date=20 December 2007 |location=London |first=Jessica |last=Hodgson |archive-date=19 December 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131219185649/http://www.theguardian.com/media/2002/mar/05/overnights |url-status=live }}</ref> One critic described her as "so clearly level-headed, happy with her not inconsiderable lot and seemingly unfazed by the madly intrusive nature of her monumentally ridiculous fame".<ref name="laydeez">{{cite news |url=https://www.theguardian.com/theobserver/2002/mar/10/features.review117 |title=Nights with the laydeez |work=The Guardian |date=10 March 2002 |access-date=20 December 2007 |location=London |first=Kathryn |last=Flett |archive-date=28 December 2007 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071228222312/http://observer.guardian.co.uk/review/story/0,,664821,00.html |url-status=live }}</ref> The third, ''The Real Beckhams'', aired on 24 December 2003 on ITV1 and focused on the Beckhams' move to Madrid from London after David Beckham was signed to [[Real Madrid CF|Real Madrid]]. In those years, she suffered a jealousy attack and had a fight in a gym with [[Ana Obregón]] because her husband David and Ana had been sending phone messages. It also featured Victoria Beckham re-launching her solo career and showed her mocking the tabloid stories she reads in the paper every day. The special received an audience of 6.10 million viewers<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.barb.co.uk/viewingsummary/weekreports.cfm?report=weeklyterrestrial&RequestTimeout=500 |title=Weekly Viewing Summary. Scroll to w.e 28/12/03 |work=BARB |access-date=24 December 2007 |archive-date=12 July 2008 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080712091241/http://www.barb.co.uk/viewingsummary/weekreports.cfm?report=weeklyterrestrial&RequestTimeout=500 |url-status=dead }}</ref> and was later released on DVD on 2 February 2004.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.amazon.co.uk/dp/B0001E5SJS |title=The Real Beckhams |publisher=Amazon |access-date=20 December 2007 |archive-date=8 March 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210308171825/https://www.amazon.co.uk/dp/B0001E5SJS |url-status=live }}</ref> | ||
The fourth was titled ''Full Length & Fabulous: The Beckhams' 2006 World Cup Party'', and followed Victoria and David Beckham organising and making preparations to host a [[2006 World Cup]] Party at a marquee in the grounds of their mansion in [[Hertfordshire]], which aimed to raise money for their charity.<ref>{{cite news |url= | The fourth was titled ''Full Length & Fabulous: The Beckhams' 2006 World Cup Party'', and followed Victoria and David Beckham organising and making preparations to host a [[2006 World Cup]] Party at a marquee in the grounds of their mansion in [[Hertfordshire]], which aimed to raise money for their charity.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/5003020.stm |title=Beckhams 'may stay on in Spain' |work=BBC News |date=22 May 2006 |access-date=20 December 2007 |archive-date=4 January 2007 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070104100235/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/uk/5003020.stm |url-status=live }}</ref> Two tickets to attend the ball were auctioned on-line for charity, and sold for £103,000.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/uk/5003350.stm |title=Beckham tickets for secret bidder |work=BBC News |date=22 May 2006 |access-date=20 December 2007 |archive-date=30 June 2006 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060630171740/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/uk/5003350.stm |url-status=live }}</ref> The documentary aired on 28 May 2006 and showed the event itself, where the menu was designed, especially by friend and chef [[Gordon Ramsay]], and the charity auction was hosted by [[Graham Norton]].<ref name="swell">{{cite news |url=http://www.timesonline.co.uk/article/0,,4382-2206432,00.html |title=What a swell party |work=The Times |date=3 June 2006 |access-date=20 December 2007 |location=London |first=Gordon |last=Ramsay |archive-date=1 October 2006 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061001014732/http://www.timesonline.co.uk/article/0,,4382-2206432,00.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> Ramsay catered for 600 guests, with the aid of 40 chefs and 100 waiting staff.<ref name="swell"/> The ITV documentary attracted an average of 7.56 million viewers.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.barb.co.uk/viewingsummary/weekreports.cfm?report=weeklyterrestrial&RequestTimeout=500 |title=Weekly Viewing Summary. Scroll to w.e 28/05/06 |work=BARB |access-date=24 December 2007 |archive-date=12 July 2008 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080712091241/http://www.barb.co.uk/viewingsummary/weekreports.cfm?report=weeklyterrestrial&RequestTimeout=500 |url-status=dead }}</ref> | ||
To document Victoria Beckham's preparations for her family's move to the US, she signed a deal with [[NBC]] for six episodes of a half-hour unscripted reality TV series. Despite original plans for six episodes, the show was cut to a one-hour special only as there "just wasn't enough (material) for a series."<ref name="savaged">{{cite news|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/1557710/Critics-savage-Victoria-Beckhams-reality-show.html |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220110/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/1557710/Critics-savage-Victoria-Beckhams-reality-show.html |archive-date=10 January 2022 |url-access=subscription |url-status=live|title=Victoria Beckham savaged by US critics |work=The Daily Telegraph |date=19 July 2007|access-date=23 December 2007 | location=London | first=Catherine | last=Elsworth}}{{cbignore}}</ref> The show, called ''[[Victoria Beckham: Coming to America]]'', aired on 16 July 2007 in the US and Canada. It was heavily scrutinised by the American media and critics, with the ''[[New York Post]]'' describing it as "an orgy of self-indulgence" and also describing Beckham as "vapid and condescending".<ref name="savaged"/> The programme was the third-most-watched programme in its time-slot and received viewing figures of 4.9 million in the US, beaten by a repeat of ''[[Wife Swap (U.S. TV series)|Wife Swap]]'' and two sitcoms. The programme aired in Britain on 17 July 2007 on [[ITV (TV network)|ITV]] with 3.84 million viewers tuning in.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.barb.co.uk/viewingsummary/weekreports.cfm?report=weeklyterrestrial&RequestTimeout=500 |title=Weekly Viewing Summary. Scroll to w.e 22/07/07 |work=[[BARB]] |access-date=28 December 2007 |archive-date=12 July 2008 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080712091241/http://www.barb.co.uk/viewingsummary/weekreports.cfm?report=weeklyterrestrial&RequestTimeout=500 |url-status=dead }}</ref> The programme was produced by Simon Fuller who managed her and the Spice Girls on their come-back tour.<ref>Silverman, Stephen M.{{cite web|url=https://people.com/celebrity/victoria-beckham-to-star-in-nbc-reality-show/|title=Victoria Beckham to Star in NBC Reality Show|work=People|first=Stephen M.|last=Silverman|date=28 February 2007|access-date=11 March 2019|archive-date=26 February 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200226101947/https://people.com/celebrity/victoria-beckham-to-star-in-nbc-reality-show/|url-status=live}}</ref> | To document Victoria Beckham's preparations for her family's move to the US, she signed a deal with [[NBC]] for six episodes of a half-hour unscripted reality TV series. Despite original plans for six episodes, the show was cut to a one-hour special only as there "just wasn't enough (material) for a series."<ref name="savaged">{{cite news|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/1557710/Critics-savage-Victoria-Beckhams-reality-show.html |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220110/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/1557710/Critics-savage-Victoria-Beckhams-reality-show.html |archive-date=10 January 2022 |url-access=subscription |url-status=live|title=Victoria Beckham savaged by US critics |work=The Daily Telegraph |date=19 July 2007|access-date=23 December 2007 | location=London | first=Catherine | last=Elsworth}}{{cbignore}}</ref> The show, called ''[[Victoria Beckham: Coming to America]]'', aired on 16 July 2007 in the US and Canada. It was heavily scrutinised by the American media and critics, with the ''[[New York Post]]'' describing it as "an orgy of self-indulgence" and also describing Beckham as "vapid and condescending".<ref name="savaged"/> The programme was the third-most-watched programme in its time-slot and received viewing figures of 4.9 million in the US, beaten by a repeat of ''[[Wife Swap (U.S. TV series)|Wife Swap]]'' and two sitcoms. The programme aired in Britain on 17 July 2007 on [[ITV (TV network)|ITV]] with 3.84 million viewers tuning in.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.barb.co.uk/viewingsummary/weekreports.cfm?report=weeklyterrestrial&RequestTimeout=500 |title=Weekly Viewing Summary. Scroll to w.e 22/07/07 |work=[[BARB]] |access-date=28 December 2007 |archive-date=12 July 2008 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080712091241/http://www.barb.co.uk/viewingsummary/weekreports.cfm?report=weeklyterrestrial&RequestTimeout=500 |url-status=dead }}</ref> The programme was produced by Simon Fuller who managed her and the Spice Girls on their come-back tour.<ref>Silverman, Stephen M.{{cite web|url=https://people.com/celebrity/victoria-beckham-to-star-in-nbc-reality-show/|title=Victoria Beckham to Star in NBC Reality Show|work=People|first=Stephen M.|last=Silverman|date=28 February 2007|access-date=11 March 2019|archive-date=26 February 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200226101947/https://people.com/celebrity/victoria-beckham-to-star-in-nbc-reality-show/|url-status=live}}</ref> | ||
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==Books== | ==Books== | ||
On 13 September 2001, Beckham released her first book, ''Learning to Fly''.<ref>{{cite book|title=Learning to Fly |id= {{ASIN|0718144910|country=uk}} }}</ref> The title was taken from a line in a song from the musical ''[[Fame (musical)|Fame]]'', which Beckham had enjoyed as a child. The verse that inspired the title was: "I'm gonna live forever, I'm gonna learn how to fly".<ref>{{cite news |url= | On 13 September 2001, Beckham released her first book, ''Learning to Fly''.<ref>{{cite book|title=Learning to Fly |id= {{ASIN|0718144910|country=uk}} }}</ref> The title was taken from a line in a song from the musical ''[[Fame (musical)|Fame]]'', which Beckham had enjoyed as a child. The verse that inspired the title was: "I'm gonna live forever, I'm gonna learn how to fly".<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.theguardian.com/uk/2005/aug/16/books.booksnews |title=I've never read a book, says Posh |work=[[The Guardian]] |date=16 August 2005 |access-date=22 December 2007 |location=London |first=Sam |last=Jones |archive-date=25 January 2008 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080125214900/http://books.guardian.co.uk/news/articles/0,,1549930,00.html |url-status=live }}</ref> The autobiography documents her childhood, time during the Spice Girls, her marriage and family life, as well as her career at the time.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.timesonline.co.uk/tol/news/uk/article987761.ece |title=Posh Spice to publish life story |work=[[The Times]] |date=12 October 2000 |access-date=21 December 2007 |location=London |first=Sadie |last=Gray |archive-date=6 September 2008 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080906201752/http://www.timesonline.co.uk/tol/news/uk/article987761.ece |url-status=dead }}</ref> | ||
''Learning to Fly'' became the third best-selling non-fiction title of 2001 and the total UK sales stand at more than 500,000 copies.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://arts.independent.co.uk/books/news/article2584179.ece |title=Tough-love diet book in the spotlight after plug from Victoria Beckham |work=[[The Independent]] |date=27 May 2007 |access-date=15 July 2007 |location=London |first=Emily |last=Dugan |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070622115007/http://arts.independent.co.uk/books/news/article2584179.ece |archive-date=22 June 2007 }}</ref> When the book was first released, it went to Number 1 in the book charts after four weeks of release, relegating [[Robbie Williams]]' book to second place.<ref name="book">{{cite news |url= | ''Learning to Fly'' became the third best-selling non-fiction title of 2001 and the total UK sales stand at more than 500,000 copies.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://arts.independent.co.uk/books/news/article2584179.ece |title=Tough-love diet book in the spotlight after plug from Victoria Beckham |work=[[The Independent]] |date=27 May 2007 |access-date=15 July 2007 |location=London |first=Emily |last=Dugan |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070622115007/http://arts.independent.co.uk/books/news/article2584179.ece |archive-date=22 June 2007 }}</ref> When the book was first released, it went to Number 1 in the book charts after four weeks of release, relegating [[Robbie Williams]]' book to second place.<ref name="book">{{cite news |url=https://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/entertainment/1581507.stm |title=Posh Spice tops book chart |work=BBC News |date=5 October 2001 |access-date=18 December 2007 |archive-date=11 January 2009 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090111113346/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/entertainment/1581507.stm |url-status=live }}</ref> A high-profile guest appearance on ''[[Parkinson (TV series)|Parkinson]]'', watched by nine million people, helped to promote the book.<ref name="book"/> ''[[Hello! (magazine)|Hello!]]'', ''[[Daily Mail]]'' and ''[[The Mail on Sunday]]'' joined to buy the rights to preview and serialise the book before its publication. The figure paid was thought to be near £1 million.<ref name="breaks"/> | ||
Beckham was quoted by a Spanish journalist in 2005 as saying: "I've never read a book in my life".<ref>{{cite news|last=Ford Rojas |first=John-Paul |url=http://news.independent.co.uk/uk/this_britain/article306273.ece |title=I've never read a book in my life, admits Victoria Beckham |work=[[The Independent]] |date=16 August 2005 |access-date=24 April 2007 |location=London |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061020001353/http://news.independent.co.uk/uk/this_britain/article306273.ece |archive-date=20 October 2006 }}</ref> She later explained this was a mistranslation from the original Spanish in which the interview was printed, saying she actually stated that she never had time to finish reading a book because she was always too busy looking after her children.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.sfgate.com/cgi-bin/blogs/sfgate/detail?blogid=7L&entry_id=576 |title=Beckham Reads First Chapter |work=San Francisco Chronicle |access-date=24 April 2007 |date=31 August 2005 |archive-date=3 January 2009 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090103180903/http://www.sfgate.com/cgi-bin/blogs/sfgate/detail?blogid=7L&entry_id=576 |url-status=dead }}</ref> | Beckham was quoted by a Spanish journalist in 2005 as saying: "I've never read a book in my life".<ref>{{cite news|last=Ford Rojas |first=John-Paul |url=http://news.independent.co.uk/uk/this_britain/article306273.ece |title=I've never read a book in my life, admits Victoria Beckham |work=[[The Independent]] |date=16 August 2005 |access-date=24 April 2007 |location=London |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061020001353/http://news.independent.co.uk/uk/this_britain/article306273.ece |archive-date=20 October 2006 }}</ref> She later explained this was a mistranslation from the original Spanish in which the interview was printed, saying she actually stated that she never had time to finish reading a book because she was always too busy looking after her children.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.sfgate.com/cgi-bin/blogs/sfgate/detail?blogid=7L&entry_id=576 |title=Beckham Reads First Chapter |work=San Francisco Chronicle |access-date=24 April 2007 |date=31 August 2005 |archive-date=3 January 2009 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090103180903/http://www.sfgate.com/cgi-bin/blogs/sfgate/detail?blogid=7L&entry_id=576 |url-status=dead }}</ref> | ||
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===Marriage and children=== | ===Marriage and children=== | ||
In early 1997 she started dating footballer [[David Beckham]], after they met at a charity football match; prior to this he had watched her music videos and commented to teammates that he was attracted to her, but had been overcome with shyness when they were first introduced.<ref name=idolsw/><ref name="mend">{{cite news |url=http://news.independent.co.uk/people/profiles/article55497.ece |title=David and Victoria Beckham: Can they mend it like Beckhams? |work=The Independent |date=11 April 2005 |access-date=21 December 2007 |location=London |first=Alison |last=Roberts |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071228201145/http://news.independent.co.uk/people/profiles/article55497.ece |archive-date=28 December 2007 }}</ref> A few months earlier, Victoria had also expressed a wish to meet David during a Spice Girls football photo session (by chance, she wore the kit of his club [[Manchester United]] for the feature as the group's manager was a supporter).<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.lamondamagazine.com/en/m/defense/victoria-beckham/ |title=Victoria Beckham owes me everything |first=Juliette |last=Wills |date=21 July 2013 |website=La Monda |access-date=3 September 2018 |archive-date=3 September 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180903151008/http://www.lamondamagazine.com/en/m/defense/victoria-beckham/ |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://twitter.com/museumofjerseys/status/951445218909392896|title=Girl Power|work=[[Shoot (football magazine)|Shoot]]|via="The Spice Girls wearing football kits in Shoot!, 25 January 1997" by 'Museum of Jerseys' on [[Twitter]]|date=25 January 1997|access-date=3 September 2018|archive-date=8 March 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210308224806/https://twitter.com/museumofjerseys/status/951445218909392896?s=19|url-status=live}}</ref> Of their initial meeting, she said, "I didn't really know who he was. I was never into football."<ref name=idolsw>{{cite web |url=http://www.wmagazine.com/celebrities/2007/08/beckhams_steven_klein?currentPage=2 |title=American Idols |work=[[W (magazine)|W]] |date=1 January 2010 |access-date=23 February 2009 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090214155704/http://www.wmagazine.com/celebrities/2007/08/beckhams_steven_klein?currentPage=2 |archive-date=14 February 2009 }}</ref> Initially, they kept their relationship out of the public eye.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Ramaswamy |first=Chitra |date=2017-01-30 |title=Date like Posh and David Beckham – with the help of a Harvester car park |url=https://www.theguardian.com/lifeandstyle/shortcuts/2017/jan/30/date-like-posh-and-david-beckham-with-the-help-of-a-harvester-car-park |access-date=2024-02-20 |work=The Guardian |language=en-GB |issn=0261-3077}}</ref> The couple announced their engagement in 1998 and were dubbed "[[Posh and Becks]]" by the media.<ref>{{cite news |url= | In early 1997 she started dating footballer [[David Beckham]], after they met at a charity football match; prior to this he had watched her music videos and commented to teammates that he was attracted to her, but had been overcome with shyness when they were first introduced.<ref name=idolsw/><ref name="mend">{{cite news |url=http://news.independent.co.uk/people/profiles/article55497.ece |title=David and Victoria Beckham: Can they mend it like Beckhams? |work=The Independent |date=11 April 2005 |access-date=21 December 2007 |location=London |first=Alison |last=Roberts |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071228201145/http://news.independent.co.uk/people/profiles/article55497.ece |archive-date=28 December 2007 }}</ref> A few months earlier, Victoria had also expressed a wish to meet David during a Spice Girls football photo session (by chance, she wore the kit of his club [[Manchester United]] for the feature as the group's manager was a supporter).<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.lamondamagazine.com/en/m/defense/victoria-beckham/ |title=Victoria Beckham owes me everything |first=Juliette |last=Wills |date=21 July 2013 |website=La Monda |access-date=3 September 2018 |archive-date=3 September 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180903151008/http://www.lamondamagazine.com/en/m/defense/victoria-beckham/ |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://twitter.com/museumofjerseys/status/951445218909392896|title=Girl Power|work=[[Shoot (football magazine)|Shoot]]|via="The Spice Girls wearing football kits in Shoot!, 25 January 1997" by 'Museum of Jerseys' on [[Twitter]]|date=25 January 1997|access-date=3 September 2018|archive-date=8 March 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210308224806/https://twitter.com/museumofjerseys/status/951445218909392896?s=19|url-status=live}}</ref> Of their initial meeting, she said, "I didn't really know who he was. I was never into football."<ref name=idolsw>{{cite web |url=http://www.wmagazine.com/celebrities/2007/08/beckhams_steven_klein?currentPage=2 |title=American Idols |work=[[W (magazine)|W]] |date=1 January 2010 |access-date=23 February 2009 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090214155704/http://www.wmagazine.com/celebrities/2007/08/beckhams_steven_klein?currentPage=2 |archive-date=14 February 2009 }}</ref> Initially, they kept their relationship out of the public eye.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Ramaswamy |first=Chitra |date=2017-01-30 |title=Date like Posh and David Beckham – with the help of a Harvester car park |url=https://www.theguardian.com/lifeandstyle/shortcuts/2017/jan/30/date-like-posh-and-david-beckham-with-the-help-of-a-harvester-car-park |access-date=2024-02-20 |work=The Guardian |language=en-GB |issn=0261-3077}}</ref> The couple announced their engagement in 1998 and were dubbed "[[Posh and Becks]]" by the media.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/entertainment/6295214.stm |title=Will Brand Beckham break America? |last=Pryor |first=Fiona |date=12 July 2007 |work=[[BBC News]] |access-date=26 November 2011 |archive-date=11 March 2009 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090311093221/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/entertainment/6295214.stm |url-status=live }}</ref> | ||
On 4 July 1999, Victoria and David were married by the Bishop of Cork, [[Paul Colton]], at [[Luttrellstown Castle]], Ireland.<ref name=weddedspice>{{cite news |url= | On 4 July 1999, Victoria and David were married by the Bishop of Cork, [[Paul Colton]], at [[Luttrellstown Castle]], Ireland.<ref name=weddedspice>{{cite news |url=https://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/special_report/1999/07/99/the_posh_wedding/385866.stm |title=Wedded spice |date=5 July 1999 |work=[[BBC News]] |access-date=26 November 2011 |archive-date=7 September 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170907003627/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/special_report/1999/07/99/the_posh_wedding/385866.stm |url-status=live }}</ref> The wedding attracted much media coverage.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/special_report/1999/07/99/the_posh_wedding/383151.stm |title=David and Victoria tie the knot |work=BBC News |date=5 July 1999 |access-date=19 December 2007 |archive-date=3 March 2008 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080303110445/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/special_report/1999/07/99/the_posh_wedding/383151.stm |url-status=live }}</ref> Beckham's teammate, [[Gary Neville]], was the best man,<ref name="mend"/> and the couple's four-month-old son Brooklyn was the ring bearer.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.foxnews.com/story/beckhams-coming-to-america |title=Beckhams Coming to America |work=Fox News |date=11 January 2007|access-date=19 December 2007|url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071117081728/http://www.foxnews.com/story/0,2933,243091,00.html <!--Added by H3llBot--> |archive-date=17 November 2007}}</ref> Most of the media were kept away from the ceremony as an exclusive deal with ''[[OK!]]'' magazine had been arranged, but photographs were released showing the Beckhams sitting on golden thrones.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/special_report/1999/07/99/the_posh_wedding/387126.stm |title=Sun pips OK! to Posh wedding photos |work=BBC News |date=6 July 1999 |access-date=25 May 2006 |archive-date=6 July 2006 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060706182022/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/special_report/1999/07/99/the_posh_wedding/387126.stm |url-status=live }}</ref> Victoria wore a diamond [[coronet]] created for her by [[jewellery designer]] [[Slim Barrett]]. A total of 437 staff were employed for the wedding reception, which was estimated to have cost £500,000 (US$823,650).<ref name=weddedspice/> | ||
The couple bought what became their most famous home for £2.5 million in 1999;<ref name="beckingham">{{cite news|url=http://news.independent.co.uk/uk/this_britain/article236166.ece |title=Beckingham Palace, our lovely home |work=The Independent |date=31 July 2001 |access-date=21 December 2007 |location=London |first=Julia |last=Stuart |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071228201150/http://news.independent.co.uk/uk/this_britain/article236166.ece |archive-date=28 December 2007 }}</ref> the property, which is set in {{convert|24|acre|ha}} of land, was given a £3 million renovation and was subsequently dubbed [[Beckingham Palace]] by the media.<ref name="beckingham"/> They sold the property in 2014.<ref name="armstrong15">{{cite news| url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/finance/newsbysector/banksandfinance/insurance/11515118/Neil-Utleys-stake-in-Hastings-Direct-to-be-valued-at-200m-in-upcoming-IPO.html | title=Neil Utley's stake in Hastings Direct to be valued at £200m in upcoming IPO | newspaper=[[The Daily Telegraph]]| location=UK | first=Ashley | last=Armstrong | date=4 April 2015 | access-date=4 August 2018}}</ref> Victoria and David have four children: sons [[Brooklyn Beckham|Brooklyn]] (born 1999),<ref>Pook, Sally. {{cite news |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/htmlContent.jhtml?html=/archive/1999/03/05/nspic05.html |title=Posh Spice gives birth to baby boy called Brooklyn |work=The Daily Telegraph |date=5 March 1999 |access-date=19 December 2007 |location=London |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071230072518/http://www.telegraph.co.uk/htmlContent.jhtml?html=%2Farchive%2F1999%2F03%2F05%2Fnspic05.html |archive-date=30 December 2007 |first=Neil |last=O'Brien |url-status=dead }}</ref> [[Romeo Beckham|Romeo]] (born 2002)<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/uknews/1405989/Beckhams-name-their-new-son-Romeo.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181124124325/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/uknews/1405989/Beckhams-name-their-new-son-Romeo.html|url-status=dead|archive-date=24 November 2018|title=Beckhams name their new son Romeo – Telegraph|date=24 November 2018|access-date=22 December 2019}}</ref> and Cruz (born 2005),<ref>{{cite news |url= | The couple bought what became their most famous home for £2.5 million in 1999;<ref name="beckingham">{{cite news|url=http://news.independent.co.uk/uk/this_britain/article236166.ece |title=Beckingham Palace, our lovely home |work=The Independent |date=31 July 2001 |access-date=21 December 2007 |location=London |first=Julia |last=Stuart |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071228201150/http://news.independent.co.uk/uk/this_britain/article236166.ece |archive-date=28 December 2007 }}</ref> the property, which is set in {{convert|24|acre|ha}} of land, was given a £3 million renovation and was subsequently dubbed [[Beckingham Palace]] by the media.<ref name="beckingham"/> They sold the property in 2014.<ref name="armstrong15">{{cite news| url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/finance/newsbysector/banksandfinance/insurance/11515118/Neil-Utleys-stake-in-Hastings-Direct-to-be-valued-at-200m-in-upcoming-IPO.html | title=Neil Utley's stake in Hastings Direct to be valued at £200m in upcoming IPO | newspaper=[[The Daily Telegraph]]| location=UK | first=Ashley | last=Armstrong | date=4 April 2015 | access-date=4 August 2018}}</ref> In 2024 they bought a mansion on North Beach Road in Miami Beach for a record-setting $72 million.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Kallergis |first=Katherine |date=2024-10-15 |title=Price revealed: David and Victoria Beckham pay record $72M for waterfront Miami Beach spec mansion |url=https://therealdeal.com/miami/2024/10/15/david-victoria-beckham-buy-waterfront-miami-beach-mansion/ |access-date=2025-10-24 |website=The Real Deal |language=en}}</ref> Victoria and David have four children: sons [[Brooklyn Beckham|Brooklyn]] (born 1999),<ref>Pook, Sally. {{cite news |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/htmlContent.jhtml?html=/archive/1999/03/05/nspic05.html |title=Posh Spice gives birth to baby boy called Brooklyn |work=The Daily Telegraph |date=5 March 1999 |access-date=19 December 2007 |location=London |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071230072518/http://www.telegraph.co.uk/htmlContent.jhtml?html=%2Farchive%2F1999%2F03%2F05%2Fnspic05.html |archive-date=30 December 2007 |first=Neil |last=O'Brien |url-status=dead }}</ref> [[Romeo Beckham|Romeo]] (born 2002)<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/uknews/1405989/Beckhams-name-their-new-son-Romeo.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181124124325/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/uknews/1405989/Beckhams-name-their-new-son-Romeo.html|url-status=dead|archive-date=24 November 2018|title=Beckhams name their new son Romeo – Telegraph|date=24 November 2018|access-date=22 December 2019}}</ref> and Cruz (born 2005),<ref>{{cite news |url=https://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/entertainment/4281405.stm |title=Beckhams celebrate birth of Cruz |work=BBC News |date=24 February 2005 |access-date=19 December 2007 |archive-date=17 October 2007 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071017133325/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/entertainment/4281405.stm |url-status=live }}</ref> and daughter, Harper (born 2011).<ref>{{cite web|url=https://people.com/parents/victoria-beckham-and-david-beckham-have-a-baby-girl/|last1=Byrne|first1=Alla|last2=Perry|first2=Simon|title=Victoria and David Beckham Welcome a Daughter|work=[[People (magazine)|People]]|date=10 July 2011|access-date=11 March 2019|archive-date=26 March 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190326185909/https://people.com/parents/victoria-beckham-and-david-beckham-have-a-baby-girl/|url-status=live}}</ref> [[Elton John]] and [[David Furnish]] are reportedly the godparents of Brooklyn and Romeo Beckham and their godmother is [[Elizabeth Hurley]].<ref>{{cite news |url=https://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/4120477.stm |title=Beckhams host glitzy christening |work=BBC News |date=23 December 2004 |access-date=21 December 2004 |archive-date=13 January 2005 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20050113083314/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/uk/4120477.stm |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |date=22 December 2019 |title=Victoria Beckham Shares Photos From Cruz And Harper's Star-Studded Christening |url=https://www.huffingtonpost.co.uk/entry/victoria-beckham-children-cruz-harper-christening_uk_5dff34b8e4b05b08bab6bd9d |access-date=14 December 2024 |website=HuffPost UK }}</ref> Two children were baptized [[Catholic Church|Catholic]] at [[Holy Trinity Church, Chipping Norton|Holy Trinity, Chipping Norton]]; among their godparents were [[Eva Longoria]] and [[Marc Anthony]].<ref>{{cite web |date=22 December 2019 |title=Victoria Beckham Shares Photos From Cruz And Harper's Star-Studded Christening |url=https://www.huffingtonpost.co.uk/entry/victoria-beckham-children-cruz-harper-christening_uk_5dff34b8e4b05b08bab6bd9d |access-date=27 October 2022 |website=HuffPost UK }}</ref> | ||
===Alleged kidnap and death threats=== | ===Alleged kidnap and death threats=== | ||
In January 2000, a tip-off to [[Scotland Yard]] detectives exposed a plot to kidnap Victoria and Brooklyn Beckham and hold them at a house in [[Hampstead]], London. The family was then moved to a secret location, but no arrests were made.<ref name="kidnap">{{cite news|last1=Foggo|first1=Daniel|last2=Bamber|first2=David|last3=Lusher|first3=Adam|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/main.jhtml;jsessionid=GUX1DTWPDWJEZQFIQMGSFFWAVCBQWIV0?xml=/news/2002/11/03/nbeck03.xml|title=Five are held in Beckham kidnap plot|work=The Daily Telegraph|date=3 November 2002|archive-date=9 March 2008|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080309064309/http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/main.jhtml;jsessionid=GUX1DTWPDWJEZQFIQMGSFFWAVCBQWIV0?xml=%2Fnews%2F2002%2F11%2F03%2Fnbeck03.xml|location=London|url-status=dead}}</ref> In March of that year, she received a death threat prior to performing at the [[Brit Awards]] with the Spice Girls, and at the show's rehearsal, a red laser light appeared on her chest and she was rushed off stage. After a fire door was found to be lodged open, it was thought that there had been an assassin there, and Beckham later revealed that she was terrified by the experience.<ref name="kidnap"/> In November 2002, five people were arrested after another plot for her kidnap was infiltrated by a tabloid newspaper.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.theguardian.com/media/2003/sep/19/newsoftheworld.pressandpublishing |title=PCC clears NoW over Beckham kidnap case |work=[[The Guardian]] |date=9 September 2003 |access-date=11 January 2008 |location=London |first=Claire |last=Cozens |archive-date=19 December 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131219190419/http://www.theguardian.com/media/2003/sep/19/newsoftheworld.pressandpublishing |url-status=live }}</ref> All charges were dropped after a witness was deemed unreliable.<ref name="collapses">{{cite news |url= | In January 2000, a tip-off to [[Scotland Yard]] detectives exposed a plot to kidnap Victoria and Brooklyn Beckham and hold them at a house in [[Hampstead]], London. The family was then moved to a secret location, but no arrests were made.<ref name="kidnap">{{cite news|last1=Foggo|first1=Daniel|last2=Bamber|first2=David|last3=Lusher|first3=Adam|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/main.jhtml;jsessionid=GUX1DTWPDWJEZQFIQMGSFFWAVCBQWIV0?xml=/news/2002/11/03/nbeck03.xml|title=Five are held in Beckham kidnap plot|work=The Daily Telegraph|date=3 November 2002|archive-date=9 March 2008|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080309064309/http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/main.jhtml;jsessionid=GUX1DTWPDWJEZQFIQMGSFFWAVCBQWIV0?xml=%2Fnews%2F2002%2F11%2F03%2Fnbeck03.xml|location=London|url-status=dead}}</ref> In March of that year, she received a death threat prior to performing at the [[Brit Awards]] with the Spice Girls, and at the show's rehearsal, a red laser light appeared on her chest and she was rushed off stage. After a fire door was found to be lodged open, it was thought that there had been an assassin there, and Beckham later revealed that she was terrified by the experience.<ref name="kidnap"/> In November 2002, five people were arrested after another plot for her kidnap was infiltrated by a tabloid newspaper.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.theguardian.com/media/2003/sep/19/newsoftheworld.pressandpublishing |title=PCC clears NoW over Beckham kidnap case |work=[[The Guardian]] |date=9 September 2003 |access-date=11 January 2008 |location=London |first=Claire |last=Cozens |archive-date=19 December 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131219190419/http://www.theguardian.com/media/2003/sep/19/newsoftheworld.pressandpublishing |url-status=live }}</ref> All charges were dropped after a witness was deemed unreliable.<ref name="collapses">{{cite news |url=https://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/england/2956224.stm |title=Beckham 'kidnap' case collapses |work=BBC News |date=2 June 2003 |access-date=11 January 2008 |archive-date=21 January 2008 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080121043431/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/england/2956224.stm |url-status=live }}</ref> | ||
=== Eating disorder === | |||
In a new documentary released by Netflix, Beckham details her struggles with an eating disorder saying that it "made her good at lying."<ref>{{Cite web |date=2025-10-09 |title=Victoria Beckham Netflix documentary: My eating disorder made me good at lying |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/crrj4v9wre8o |access-date=2025-10-10 |website=www.bbc.com |language=en-GB}}</ref> | |||
==Filmography== | ==Filmography== | ||
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| Herself | | Herself | ||
| [[Netflix]] documentary series | | [[Netflix]] documentary series | ||
|- | |||
|2025 | |||
|''Victoria Beckham'' | |||
|Herself | |||
|[[Netflix]] documentary series | |||
|} | |} | ||
| Line 247: | Line 246: | ||
==See also== | ==See also== | ||
* | * {{anl|Girl power}} | ||
==References== | ==References== | ||
| Line 289: | Line 288: | ||
[[Category:Spice Girls members]] | [[Category:Spice Girls members]] | ||
[[Category:English women bloggers]] | [[Category:English women bloggers]] | ||
[[Category:British cosmetics | [[Category:British businesspeople in the cosmetics industry]] | ||
[[Category:19 Recordings artists]] | [[Category:19 Recordings artists]] | ||
[[Category:Telstar Records artists]] | [[Category:Telstar Records artists]] | ||
[[Category:Virgin Records artists]] | [[Category:Virgin Records artists]] | ||
[[Category: | [[Category:English dance-pop musicians]] | ||
[[Category:English women fashion designers]] | [[Category:English women fashion designers]] | ||
[[Category:People from Harlow]] | [[Category:People from Harlow]] | ||
[[Category:Wives of knights]] | |||
[[Category:Beckham family|Victoria]] | |||
Latest revision as of 23:21, 13 November 2025
Template:Short description Template:Pp-move-indef Template:Pp-semi-blp Template:Use British English Template:Use dmy dates Script error: No such module "infobox".Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".Template:Main otherScript error: No such module "Check for clobbered parameters".Template:Wikidata image Victoria Caroline, Lady Beckham Template:Postnominals (Template:Née; born 17 April 1974),[1][2] is an English fashion designer, singer, and television personality. She rose to prominence in the 1990s as a member of the pop group the Spice Girls, in which she was nicknamed Posh Spice. After the Spice Girls disbanded in 2001, Beckham signed with Virgin Records, to release her self-titled debut solo album, which produced two UK Top 10 singles. Beckham has also become an internationally recognised style icon and fashion designer.
Beckham has starred in seven official documentaries and reality shows, including Victoria's Secrets (2000), Being Victoria Beckham (2002), The Real Beckhams (2003), Victoria Beckham – A Mile in Their Shoes (2004), Victoria Beckham: Coming to America (2007), Beckham (2023), and the Netflix documentary Victoria Beckham (2025). She is married to former association football player Sir David Beckham, and they have four children, including Brooklyn and Romeo. As of May 2019, the couple's joint wealth is estimated at £355 million.[3]
Following high-profile collaborations with other brands, Beckham launched an eponymous label in 2008, and a lower-priced (diffusion) label in 2011. The Victoria Beckham label was named designer brand of the year in the UK in 2011; in 2012 the brand was assessed as the star performer in the Beckham family's business interests.[4][5] Writing in the Daily Telegraph in 2011, Belinda White noted that the transition from WAG to fashion designer had been more successful than most had predicted, saying: "She has gathered a significant celebrity following and won over the scathing fashion pack who now clamour for a ticket to her bi-annual show at New York Fashion Week."[6] Beckham was appointed Officer of the Order of the British Empire in the 2017 New Year Honours for services to the fashion industry.
Early life
Victoria Caroline Adams was born on 17 April 1974 at the Princess Alexandra Hospital in Harlow, Essex, England, and raised in Goffs Oak, Hertfordshire.[7] She is the eldest of three children of Jacqueline Doreen (née Cannon), a former insurance clerk and hairdresser,[8] and Anthony William Adams, who worked as an electronics engineer. They founded an electronics wholesale business which allowed a comfortable upbringing for Victoria, her sister, Louise,[1] and her brother, Christian Adams.[9] Beckham's great-great-great-grandfather was German artist and revolutionary Carl Heinrich Pfänder and her great-great-great-granduncle was Minnesota politician William Pfaender.[10][11]
After watching the musical film Fame in 1980, she decided to pursue a musical career.[1][12] Jacqueline and Anthony Adams enrolled her at Jason Theatre School.[1] In 1991, Beckham entered Laine Theatre Arts in Epsom, Surrey and studied dance and modelling.[1][2] Beckham attended St. Mary's High School in Cheshunt, where she was embarrassed by her family's wealth and often begged her father not to drop her off outside the school in their Rolls-Royce.[13] Eventually, she became a member of a band called Persuasion.[14]
Music career
1994–2000: Spice Girls
Script error: No such module "Labelled list hatnote". Beckham auditioned for a March 1994 advertisement in The Stage which required girls who were "street smart, extrovert[ed], ambitious and able to sing and dance".[7] In 1994, Beckham joined the all-female group, the Spice Girls. In the recordings before her marriage, she is credited with her maiden name as Victoria Adams. The group's first single was called "Wannabe" (1996), and she worked alongside Geri Halliwell, Emma Bunton, Mel B and Melanie C. It went to number one in the United Kingdom and United States, and another 35 countries. It was followed by eight further number one singles from their albums Spice, Spiceworld and Forever.[2] Each member of the group received a nickname from the media and Beckham was named "Posh Spice".[15][16] The group is the best-selling female group of all time, selling over 80 million records worldwide.[17][18] After the release of their third album, Forever, which charted at number two in the UK but was far less successful than their previous two albums, the Spice Girls stopped recording, concentrating on their solo careers in regards to their foreseeable future.[19]
2000–2002: Victoria Beckham
On 14 August 2000, Beckham released her first solo single, "Out of Your Mind" in collaboration with Dane Bowers and Truesteppers.[7] The week of release coincided with the release of "Groovejet (If This Ain't Love)" by Spiller featuring Sophie Ellis-Bextor, resulting in a chart battle dubbed 'Posh vs. Posher' by the tabloids.[20] Before the single's release, on 8 July 2000, Beckham made her public solo debut at London's Hyde Park at a concert to raise money for the Prince's Trust charity. She sang "Out of Your Mind" to a 100,000-strong audience.[21] Beckham then signed a recording contract with her group label Virgin Records.[2] Her next single as a solo artist, "Not Such An Innocent Girl", was released on 17 September 2001.[22] Again, she faced competition in another hugely hyped chart battle, this time with Kylie Minogue's single "Can't Get You Out of My Head".[23] Despite a huge promotional campaign, Beckham was outsold eight to one, and her single debuted at number 6.[24] Beckham's eponymous debut album, which was released on 1 October 2001, reached Number 10 in the UK album chart.[25] The album cost a reputed £5 million to produce and it sold a modest 50,000 copies.[26]
The second and final single to be released from the album was "A Mind of Its Own" on 11 February 2002. The single reached number 6 in the UK[27] and sold 56,500 copies.[28] Rumours soon spread that Beckham was to be dropped by her label for not charting in the Top Three. These were strongly denied at the time.[29] Beckham commented "You know what newspapers are like, they just like to put all the negative stuff in, but as far as I'm concerned and the record company is concerned it is all great."[29] A third single, "I Wish", was promoted but never materialised. The single version was a remix featuring Robbie Craig, and was performed on TV on Friday Night's All Wright.[30] Following the announcement of Beckham's second pregnancy, the single was shelved. Beckham was reportedly dropped by Virgin Records along with fellow Spice Girls Emma Bunton and Melanie B,[31][32] but a statement from her publicist denied reports, stating: "No-one has been dropped. The Virgin deal has come to a natural end and both parties have decided not to continue."[31][33]
2002–2004: Unreleased albums and final solo releases
In 2002, Beckham signed a contract with Telstar Records and 19 Management[26] worth £1.5 million.[2] In 2002, she began recording an electropop-influenced album, tentatively titled Open Your Eyes.[34] However, desiring a more urban sound, she began working with producer Damon Dash the following year on R&B and hip hop influenced tracks for an album tentatively titled Come Together.[35][27] The Dash-produced track "It's That Simple" featuring M.O.P. premiered on radio stations in July 2003 as a promotional single, generating mixed reviews.[27] Beckham's first single with Telstar, the double A-side "Let Your Head Go" / "This Groove", was released in the UK on 29 December 2003, utilizing one song from both projects: "Let Your Head Go" from Open Your Eyes and "This Groove" from Come Together.[36][27] The release received heavy promotion and many TV appearances across the Christmas period and charted at number three in the UK.[27] Outside of the UK, Simon Fuller reportedly had planned to market Beckham’s music in the US.[37][38] In April 2004, Telstar announced bankruptcy and both albums were cancelled, while Beckham, disappointed with wasted time in studio, gave up music to focus on her fashion career.[39] The albums were never released, but have since leaked online in their entirety.[40][35]
2007–2012: Return of the Spice Girls
In 2007, the Spice Girls reformed and announced plans to embark upon a reunion tour,[41] from which they were said to have earned £10 million each (approximately $20 million).[42] Beckham had previously stated that she and her former Spice colleagues were enjoying their solo careers in various fields, saying "We're all still doing our own thing."[43] Their Greatest Hits album was released in early-November 2007 and the tour began on 2 December 2007. At its advent, Beckham said "I wanted my children to see that Mummy was a pop star. It was the last opportunity for them to stand in a crowd full of people screaming for the Spice Girls."[44] When Beckham had her hair coloured brown for the tour, she stated that her sons immediately reacted by saying "Oh my goodness, it's Posh Spice. She's back."[45]
Film-maker Bob Smeaton directed an official film of the tour titled Spice Girls: Giving You Everything, which was first aired on Fox8 in Australia. It later aired in the UK, on 31 December 2007 on BBC One.[46] As well as their sell-out tour, the Spice Girls were contracted to appear in Tesco advertisements, for which they were paid £1 million each.[47]
In October 2009, reports suggested that the Spice Girls were to star in a reality show in which they would cast female actors to play their roles in a musical.[48] The following year, Judy Craymer teamed up with the Spice Girls and Simon Fuller to start developing a Spice Girls musical titled Viva Forever!. On 26 June 2012, all five Spice Girls were in attendance at a press conference in London to promote the launch of Viva Forever![49] The musical opened at the West End's Piccadilly Theatre on 11 December 2012.[49] On 12 August 2012, after much speculation, Beckham and the Spice Girls performed a medley of "Wannabe" and "Spice Up Your Life" at the 2012 Summer Olympics closing ceremony, reuniting solely for the event.[50] Their performance was the most tweeted moment of Olympics closing ceremony with over 116,000 tweets on Twitter per minute.[51]
The band reunited again for a 2019 tour, however Beckham opted not to participate in the reunion choosing to focus on her fashion label instead.[52] When the American television presenter Ellen DeGeneres asked her why she chose not to join with the other Spice Girls for the reunion tour, she said "It just didn't feel like the right thing to do. [But] I'll always be Posh Spice, always."[53]
Fashion
Beckham made a guest appearance on the catwalk for Maria Grachvogel on 17 February 2000, marking her debut as a model at London Fashion Week.[54] Beckham also acted as a British ambassador for Dolce and Gabbana[55] and was briefly the face of Rocawear in 2003.[56] Beckham designed a limited-edition fashion line for Rock & Republic called VB Rocks in 2004, consisting mainly of jeans for the high end of the market, retailing at approximately $300 in the US.[57]
On 16 January 2006, Beckham walked the runway for Roberto Cavalli at Milan Fashion Week, and was for a period exclusively dressed by him for red-carpet and social events.[58] For the March 2006 issue of Harper's Bazaar, Beckham acted as fashion editor when she styled her close friend, Katie Holmes, for a fashion shoot.[59] She has admitted to a personal love of sunglasses, saying "I'm quite obsessed with sunglasses. I collect vintage Guccis and Carreras – they can make virtually any outfit look cool."[12] After Beckham's departure from Rock & Republic, in September 2006, she furthered her fashion ventures by launching her own denim label, dvb Style.[57][60] Beckham then launched a new official website, dvbstyle.com to promote her fashion work.[61]
On 14 June 2007, Beckham launched dvb Denim collection in New York at Saks Fifth Avenue, along with unveiling her eyewear range in the United States for the first time.[62] In the same month, Beckham made her first appearance at London's annual Graduate Fashion Week as a judge alongside Glenda Bailey (editor-in-chief of Harper's Bazaar) and Lanvin's Alber Elbaz, to choose the winner of the River Island Gold Award, worth £20,000.[63] In August 2007, Intimately Beckham perfume was launched into US stores, one of more than 20 perfumes she and David Beckham have introduced over the years.[64][65] In September 2007 her cosmetics line V-Sculpt was launched in Tokyo.[66] In a 2007 appearance at an LA Galaxy press conference, Beckham is credited with having popularised Roland Mouret's 'moon dress' and his brand,[67] and Beckham was also the face of Marc Jacobs for his Spring 2008 collection.[68]
The fashion magazine covers Beckham has appeared on during her career include I-D in 2004 and W in 2007.[69] Her first Vogue appearance was the April 2008 British edition. This was followed by Vogue India, Vogue Paris as well as the German, Russian, Australian, Turkish, Taiwanese, Chinese and Spanish editions.[70] Beckham has also graced various international editions of Harper's Bazaar and Elle. On 17 July 2018, Victoria's collection of her Reebok collaboration was launched.[71]
Launch of fashion label
Beckham's eponymous label was launched in September 2008.[72] By 2011, it had grown into a fixture of New York Fashion Week and a lower-priced Victoria by Victoria Beckham label was introduced. In the first quarter of 2011–12, it was predicted to generate annual sales of more than £60 million.[6][73] Known initially for its dresses, the range has expanded into separates and luxury handbags selling at up to £18,000. Alongside the main fashion line and diffusion range, the Victoria Beckham brand still includes separate denim, eyewear and fragrance lines.[6] In November 2011, Victoria Beckham won Designer Brand of the Year at the British Fashion Awards.[4]
In September 2012, Victoria Beckham was the most talked about designer on Twitter during New York Fashion Week, also acquiring 57,000 new followers during the shows according to research by The Whispr Group.[74] Writing in The Independent in February 2014, Alexander Fury described how Victoria Beckham had made the transition from novelty to respected designer, citing her recent guest editorship of French Vogue and forthcoming participation in a panel discussion with the dean of Parsons design school in New York. The article concluded that the brand's sales were down to the appeal of the designs themselves, not the celebrity association.[75]
In 2017, Beckham's new collection for Target featured a wide range of sizes from XS to 3X for women. Beckham also introduced a new line for children's wear.[76] In 2018, the collection was presented at London Fashion Week instead of at New York Fashion Week as normal.[77] In 2019, a spokesperson for the brand confirmed that the line would remain fur-free, and announced that as of the autumn/winter collection, it would also be free of any exotic skins.[78]
Business difficulties
Despite her high social profile, her fashion brand has not been a business success. In 2018 the label was losing £4,000 a day.[79] In November 2019, the BBC reported that "Victoria Beckham's fashion business has posted another annual loss as demand for the former Spice Girl's high end clothes "plateaued". Victoria Beckham Limited, which has not made a profit since it launched in 2008, reported a loss of £12.3m for 2018. Sales slipped 16% to £35m, amid weaker wholesale demand. Chairman Ralph Toledano said sales of clothing and accessories had levelled off after years of growth. "The performance was in line with expectations, so we were not surprised. Our goal is to reach profitability as soon as possible," he told trade journal Business of Fashion. "Mrs Beckham launched her label in 2008 with a collection of luxury dresses, and now sells fashion and accessories in more than 400 stores around the world." [80] In 2022, Beckham's fashion label was £54 million in debt.[81][82]
Victoria Beckham Beauty
In September 2019, Beckham launched the beauty brand "Victoria Beckham Beauty".[83] Together with co-founder Sarah Creal, she showcased the brand at London Fashion Week. Secondary packaging of the makeup is made from 100% post-consumer waste, while shipping materials are either recyclable or biodegradable. Beckham has described it as "active and effective, but clean and kind".[84][85] The brand's first line of products was eye makeup, and included eye liner,[86] individual eye shadows,[87] and an eye shadow palette.[88][89][90] A line of lip products, comprising a lip tint and waterproof lip pencils, was released the following month.[91]
Television
Beckham has shot five official documentaries. The first, dated 11 January 2000, was called Victoria's Secrets, a programme only shown in the UK on Channel 4. It involved Beckham being followed by cameras while also discussing and interviewing other British celebrities, such as Elton John.[92] The second, Being Victoria Beckham, was broadcast in March 2002 and saw Beckham discussing her career as a solo artist with the release of her first album, and also showed her at various photo shoots and recording sessions. The documentary attracted a strong audience of 8.83 million,[93] coming top in its timeslot.[94] One critic described her as "so clearly level-headed, happy with her not inconsiderable lot and seemingly unfazed by the madly intrusive nature of her monumentally ridiculous fame".[95] The third, The Real Beckhams, aired on 24 December 2003 on ITV1 and focused on the Beckhams' move to Madrid from London after David Beckham was signed to Real Madrid. In those years, she suffered a jealousy attack and had a fight in a gym with Ana Obregón because her husband David and Ana had been sending phone messages. It also featured Victoria Beckham re-launching her solo career and showed her mocking the tabloid stories she reads in the paper every day. The special received an audience of 6.10 million viewers[96] and was later released on DVD on 2 February 2004.[97]
The fourth was titled Full Length & Fabulous: The Beckhams' 2006 World Cup Party, and followed Victoria and David Beckham organising and making preparations to host a 2006 World Cup Party at a marquee in the grounds of their mansion in Hertfordshire, which aimed to raise money for their charity.[98] Two tickets to attend the ball were auctioned on-line for charity, and sold for £103,000.[99] The documentary aired on 28 May 2006 and showed the event itself, where the menu was designed, especially by friend and chef Gordon Ramsay, and the charity auction was hosted by Graham Norton.[100] Ramsay catered for 600 guests, with the aid of 40 chefs and 100 waiting staff.[100] The ITV documentary attracted an average of 7.56 million viewers.[101]
To document Victoria Beckham's preparations for her family's move to the US, she signed a deal with NBC for six episodes of a half-hour unscripted reality TV series. Despite original plans for six episodes, the show was cut to a one-hour special only as there "just wasn't enough (material) for a series."[102] The show, called Victoria Beckham: Coming to America, aired on 16 July 2007 in the US and Canada. It was heavily scrutinised by the American media and critics, with the New York Post describing it as "an orgy of self-indulgence" and also describing Beckham as "vapid and condescending".[102] The programme was the third-most-watched programme in its time-slot and received viewing figures of 4.9 million in the US, beaten by a repeat of Wife Swap and two sitcoms. The programme aired in Britain on 17 July 2007 on ITV with 3.84 million viewers tuning in.[103] The programme was produced by Simon Fuller who managed her and the Spice Girls on their come-back tour.[104]
In July 2007, it was announced that Beckham would shortly begin filming a cameo appearance as herself in an episode of the second season of ABC's TV series Ugly Betty.[105] The episode, "A Nice Day for a Posh Wedding", aired on 9 November 2007 in the United States and on 23 November in the United Kingdom. Despite her forays into television, Beckham has denied plans to embark upon a Hollywood movie career.[106] In February 2008, it was revealed that Beckham would be the guest judge for the finale of fourth season of Project Runway, which aired on 5 March 2008 in the US.[107]
It was reported in October 2007 that Beckham had turned down the opportunity to appear in Sex and the City: The Movie. She stated in an interview: "[I was] asked to be in the Sex and the City film, which I would have loved to have done, but because I am in full-on Spice Girls rehearsal mode, unfortunately, I can't do it."[108] In 2010, Beckham voiced Queen Amphitrite in an episode of SpongeBob SquarePants. She said it was thrilling to get the invitation, as her children were fans of the show.[109]
Books
On 13 September 2001, Beckham released her first book, Learning to Fly.[110] The title was taken from a line in a song from the musical Fame, which Beckham had enjoyed as a child. The verse that inspired the title was: "I'm gonna live forever, I'm gonna learn how to fly".[111] The autobiography documents her childhood, time during the Spice Girls, her marriage and family life, as well as her career at the time.[112]
Learning to Fly became the third best-selling non-fiction title of 2001 and the total UK sales stand at more than 500,000 copies.[113] When the book was first released, it went to Number 1 in the book charts after four weeks of release, relegating Robbie Williams' book to second place.[24] A high-profile guest appearance on Parkinson, watched by nine million people, helped to promote the book.[24] Hello!, Daily Mail and The Mail on Sunday joined to buy the rights to preview and serialise the book before its publication. The figure paid was thought to be near £1 million.[14]
Beckham was quoted by a Spanish journalist in 2005 as saying: "I've never read a book in my life".[114] She later explained this was a mistranslation from the original Spanish in which the interview was printed, saying she actually stated that she never had time to finish reading a book because she was always too busy looking after her children.[115]
Beckham's second book, a fashion advice guide titled That Extra Half an Inch: Hair, Heels and Everything in Between, was published on 27 October 2006.[116] That Extra Half an Inch: Hair, Heels and Everything in Between includes tips from Beckham on fashion, style and beauty,[116] and also contains photography by Mario Testino, Annie Leibovitz and Steven Meisel. The book became another best-seller,[117] and has sold 400,000 copies in Britain alone since it was published in hardcover.[60] The rights have since been sold to the United States, the Netherlands, Japan, Portugal, Lithuania, Russia, and, most recently, China.[60]
Power and influence
In 2007, Beckham was the 52nd richest woman in Britain[118] and the 19th richest person in Britain along with her husband David, with an estimated joint wealth of £112 million ($225 million).[3] According to The Guardian, Beckham Ventures, a company linked to the Victoria Beckham fashion business, was the best performing brand in the family's three businesses in 2012, coming close to matching turnover in a sister company that promotes the David Beckham brand.[5]
In 2010, Beckhams's charity work with Save the Children was nominated for the Do Something With Style Award, an awards show, produced by VH1.[119] She is an International Goodwill Ambassador for UNAIDS[120] and a patron of the Elton John AIDS Foundation.[121] Beckham promotes faux/synthetic furs. Her stand against the fur industry generated praise from animal rights organizations, including PETA; Beckham has stated that she is "supportive of its [PETA's] high-profile anti-fur campaigns", and pledged "never to work with fur in any of her own fashion collections".[122] In February 2013, she was assessed as one of the 100 most powerful women in the UK in the fashion category by Woman's Hour on BBC Radio 4.[123][124] In 2014, Beckham joined the Ban Bossy campaign as a spokesperson advocating leadership roles for girls.[125][126][127]
Beckham was appointed Officer of the Order of the British Empire (OBE) in the 2017 New Year Honours for services to the fashion industry.[128] She stated she was "delighted and humbled for the recognition," which her husband also received in 2003.[129] However, as recipients of honours are sworn to secrecy, and Beckham had announced her honour before the 2017 New Year Honours' official publication, she was criticised for the "betrayal of etiquette" by the Conservative MP Peter Bone.[130]
Personal life
Beckham was engaged to electrician Mark Wood with whom she was in a relationship from 1988 to 1994.[131][132] She then had a relationship with Canadian actor Corey Haim in 1995, which ended on mutual terms.[133] She collects handbags, and owns over 100 Birkin bags, made by Hermès, including a £100,000 pink one. The full collection is estimated to be worth more than £1.5 million.[134]
Marriage and children
In early 1997 she started dating footballer David Beckham, after they met at a charity football match; prior to this he had watched her music videos and commented to teammates that he was attracted to her, but had been overcome with shyness when they were first introduced.[135][136] A few months earlier, Victoria had also expressed a wish to meet David during a Spice Girls football photo session (by chance, she wore the kit of his club Manchester United for the feature as the group's manager was a supporter).[137][138] Of their initial meeting, she said, "I didn't really know who he was. I was never into football."[135] Initially, they kept their relationship out of the public eye.[139] The couple announced their engagement in 1998 and were dubbed "Posh and Becks" by the media.[140]
On 4 July 1999, Victoria and David were married by the Bishop of Cork, Paul Colton, at Luttrellstown Castle, Ireland.[141] The wedding attracted much media coverage.[142] Beckham's teammate, Gary Neville, was the best man,[136] and the couple's four-month-old son Brooklyn was the ring bearer.[143] Most of the media were kept away from the ceremony as an exclusive deal with OK! magazine had been arranged, but photographs were released showing the Beckhams sitting on golden thrones.[144] Victoria wore a diamond coronet created for her by jewellery designer Slim Barrett. A total of 437 staff were employed for the wedding reception, which was estimated to have cost £500,000 (US$823,650).[141]
The couple bought what became their most famous home for £2.5 million in 1999;[145] the property, which is set in Template:Convert of land, was given a £3 million renovation and was subsequently dubbed Beckingham Palace by the media.[145] They sold the property in 2014.[146] In 2024 they bought a mansion on North Beach Road in Miami Beach for a record-setting $72 million.[147] Victoria and David have four children: sons Brooklyn (born 1999),[148] Romeo (born 2002)[149] and Cruz (born 2005),[150] and daughter, Harper (born 2011).[151] Elton John and David Furnish are reportedly the godparents of Brooklyn and Romeo Beckham and their godmother is Elizabeth Hurley.[152][153] Two children were baptized Catholic at Holy Trinity, Chipping Norton; among their godparents were Eva Longoria and Marc Anthony.[154]
Alleged kidnap and death threats
In January 2000, a tip-off to Scotland Yard detectives exposed a plot to kidnap Victoria and Brooklyn Beckham and hold them at a house in Hampstead, London. The family was then moved to a secret location, but no arrests were made.[155] In March of that year, she received a death threat prior to performing at the Brit Awards with the Spice Girls, and at the show's rehearsal, a red laser light appeared on her chest and she was rushed off stage. After a fire door was found to be lodged open, it was thought that there had been an assassin there, and Beckham later revealed that she was terrified by the experience.[155] In November 2002, five people were arrested after another plot for her kidnap was infiltrated by a tabloid newspaper.[156] All charges were dropped after a witness was deemed unreliable.[157]
Eating disorder
In a new documentary released by Netflix, Beckham details her struggles with an eating disorder saying that it "made her good at lying."[158]
Filmography
| Year | Title | Role | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2000 | Victoria's Secrets | Herself | Reality television |
| 2002 | Being Victoria Beckham | Herself | Reality television |
| 2003 | The Real Beckhams | Herself | Reality television |
| 2004 | Victoria: A Mile in Their Shoes | Herself | Reality television |
| 2007 | Victoria Beckham: Coming to America | Herself | Reality television |
| Ugly Betty | Herself | Episode: "A Nice Day for a Posh Wedding" | |
| 2008 | Project Runway | Guest judge | Episode: "Finale" |
| 2009 | Germany's Next Topmodel | Guest judge | Episode: "Bed of Roses" |
| 2010 | American Idol | Guest judge | Episode; "Denver Audition" |
| SpongeBob SquarePants | Queen Amphitrite | Voice; Episode: "The Clash of Triton" | |
| 2023 | Beckham | Herself | Netflix documentary series |
| 2025 | Victoria Beckham | Herself | Netflix documentary series |
| Year | Title | Role | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1997 | Spice World | Herself / Posh Spice | Razzie Award for Worst Actress Nominated – Razzie Award for Worst New Star Nominated – Orange Blimp Award for Favorite Movie Actress Nominated – Blockbuster Entertainment Award for Favorite Actress – Comedy |
| 2000 | Manchester United: Beyond the Promised Land | Herself | Documentary |
| 2001 | Zoolander | Herself | |
| 2007 | Giving You Everything | Herself | Documentary |
| 2012 | The Spice Girls Story: Viva Forever! | Herself | Documentary |
Discography
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- Victoria Beckham (2001)
See also
References
External links
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- ↑ "Posh v Posh: Spice Girl launches bid to claim club's nickname"Template:Dead linkTemplate:Cbignore. The Independent. 6 November 2002.
- ↑ "Spice Girls Then... and Now" Template:Webarchive. About.com.
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- ↑ Spice Girls dismiss comeback plan BBC. Retrieved 18 September 2011
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- ↑ Welsh, James. Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ Serjeant, Jill. Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ Foxley, David. Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ Tippetts, Cher. Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ a b Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ Template:London Gazette
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ Victoria Beckham was engaged to an electrician before she met David – website of British radio network Heart
- ↑ Posh's ex-fiancé to tell all – website of magazine Hello!
- ↑ "Victoria Beckham To Corey Haim: 'You Never Touched My Raspberry'" Template:Webarchive. E!. September 2007.
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ a b Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ a b Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ a b Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ a b Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ Pook, Sally. Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ a b Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
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