1903: Difference between revisions

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{{Events by month|1903}}
{{Events by month|1903}}
{{Year dab|1903|the rifle|M1903 Springfield}}
{{Year dab|1903|the rifle|M1903 Springfield}}
{{Multiple image
| image_style      = border:none;b
| perrow            = 3/3
| image1            = First flight2.jpg
| image2            = WorldSeries1903-640.jpg
| image3            = 75b44b0e9c2e5d305fa323c6c51d3476 XL.jpg
| image4            = Majski prevrat 1903 (cropped).jpg
| image5            = Paris - Catastrophe du Metropolitain station Couronnes (cropped).jpg
| image6            = Great train robbery still.jpg
| total_width      = 350
| footer            = From top to bottom, left to right: the [[Wright Flyer]] makes the first powered, controlled flight at [[Kitty Hawk, North Carolina|Kitty Hawk]], as the [[Wright brothers]] launch the era of aviation; the inaugural [[1903 World Series]] sees the [[Boston Americans]] defeat the [[Pittsburgh Pirates]], establishing baseball’s championship tradition; the [[Iroquois Theatre fire]] in [[Chicago]] kills over 600, becoming the deadliest U.S. theater fire and driving new safety reforms; the [[May Coup (Serbia)|May Coup]] results in the assassination of [[Alexander I of Serbia|King Alexander I]] and Queen Draga, reshaping Balkan politics; the [[Paris Métro train fire]] claims more than 80 lives, one of France’s worst transit disasters; and [[The Great Train Robbery (1903 film)|The Great Train Robbery]] premieres, revolutionizing cinema with innovative storytelling.
}}
{{Year nav|1903}}
{{Year nav|1903}}
{{C20 year in topic}}
{{C20 year in topic}}
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{{Main|February 1903}}
{{Main|February 1903}}
* [[February 13]] – [[Venezuelan crisis of 1902–03|Venezuelan crisis]]: After agreeing to arbitration in Washington, the United Kingdom, Germany and Italy reach a settlement with Venezuela resulting in the Washington Protocols. The naval blockade that began in [[1902]] ends.  
* [[February 13]] – [[Venezuelan crisis of 1902–03|Venezuelan crisis]]: After agreeing to arbitration in Washington, the United Kingdom, Germany and Italy reach a settlement with Venezuela resulting in the Washington Protocols. The naval blockade that began in [[1902]] ends.  
* [[February 23]] – [[Cuba]] leases [[Guantánamo Bay]] to the United States "in perpetuity".
* [[February 23]] &ndash; [[Cuba]] leases [[Guantánamo Bay]] to the United States "in perpetuity".<ref>{{Cite web |title=Avalon Project - Agreement Between the United States and Cuba for the Lease of Lands for Coaling and Naval stations; February 23, 1903 |url=https://avalon.law.yale.edu/20th_century/dip_cuba002.asp |access-date=2025-09-15 |website=avalon.law.yale.edu}}</ref>


===March===
===March===
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* [[March 3]] &ndash; The British Admiralty announces plans to build the [[Rosyth Dockyard]] as a naval base at [[Rosyth]] in Scotland.
* [[March 3]] &ndash; The British Admiralty announces plans to build the [[Rosyth Dockyard]] as a naval base at [[Rosyth]] in Scotland.
* [[March 5]] &ndash; The [[Ottoman Empire]] and the [[German Empire]] sign an agreement to build the [[Baghdad Railway|Constantinople–Baghdad Railway]].
* [[March 5]] &ndash; The [[Ottoman Empire]] and the [[German Empire]] sign an agreement to build the [[Baghdad Railway|Constantinople–Baghdad Railway]].
* [[March 12]] &ndash; The [[University of Puerto Rico]] is founded.
* [[March 12]] &ndash; The [[University of Puerto Rico]] is founded.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Historical Sketch - Sobre Nosotros |url=https://www.uprm.edu/cms/index.php/page/1240 |access-date=2025-07-27 |website=www.uprm.edu}}</ref>
* [[March 13]] &ndash; Having abolished the [[Sokoto Caliphate]] in West Africa, the new British administration accepts the concession of its last [[vizier]].<ref>{{cite book|last=Falola|first=Toyin|title=Colonialism and Violence in Nigeria|year=2009|publisher=Indiana University Press|location=Bloomington}}</ref>
* [[March 13]] &ndash; Having abolished the [[Sokoto Caliphate]] in West Africa, the new British administration accepts the concession of its last [[vizier]].<ref>{{cite book|last=Falola|first=Toyin|title=Colonialism and Violence in Nigeria|year=2009|publisher=Indiana University Press|location=Bloomington}}</ref>
* [[March 14]] &ndash; The [[Hay–Herrán Treaty]], granting the United States the right to build the [[Panama Canal]], is ratified by the [[United States Senate]]. The Colombian senate later rejects the treaty.
* [[March 14]] &ndash; The [[Hay–Herrán Treaty]], granting the United States the right to build the [[Panama Canal]], is ratified by the [[United States Senate]]. The Colombian senate later rejects the treaty.
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* [[September]] &ndash; [[Texas State University]] in [[San Marcos, Texas]] opens as Southwest Texas Normal School.
* [[September]] &ndash; [[Texas State University]] in [[San Marcos, Texas]] opens as Southwest Texas Normal School.
* [[September 11]] &ndash; The first [[stock car racing|stock-car event]] is held at the [[Milwaukee Mile]].
* [[September 11]] &ndash; The first [[stock car racing|stock-car event]] is held at the [[Milwaukee Mile]].
* [[September 14]] &ndash; [[Joseph Chamberlain]] resigns as British [[Secretary of State for the Colonies|Colonial Secretary]] in order to campaign publicly for [[Imperial Preference]].
* [[September 15]] &ndash; [[Grêmio FBPA]] is founded in [[Porto Alegre]], [[First Brazilian Republic|Brazil]].
* [[September 15]] &ndash; [[Grêmio Foot-Ball Porto Alegrense]] is founded in [[Porto Alegre]], [[First Brazilian Republic|Brazil]].
* [[September 24]] &ndash; [[Edmund Barton]] steps down as [[Prime Minister of Australia]] and is succeeded by [[Alfred Deakin]].
* [[September 27]] &ndash; The [[Wreck of the Old 97]] [[Fast Mail (Southern Railway train)|Fast Mail]] train at Stillhouse Trestle, near [[Danville, Virginia]], kills 11 people and inspires a ballad.<ref name="AlfredPScott">{{cite web | url = http://www.rosegill.com/Old97/Old97.pdf | title = Wreck of the Old 97: The Origins of a Modern Traditional Ballad | last = Scott | first = Alfred P. | year = 1965 | access-date = 2011-11-25 | archive-date = November 6, 2013 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20131106030340/http://www.rosegill.com/Old97/Old97.pdf | url-status = live }}</ref>
* [[September 27]] &ndash; The [[Wreck of the Old 97]] [[Fast Mail (Southern Railway train)|Fast Mail]] train at Stillhouse Trestle, near [[Danville, Virginia]], kills 11 people and inspires a ballad.<ref name="AlfredPScott">{{cite web | url = http://www.rosegill.com/Old97/Old97.pdf | title = Wreck of the Old 97: The Origins of a Modern Traditional Ballad | last = Scott | first = Alfred P. | year = 1965 | access-date = 2011-11-25 | archive-date = November 6, 2013 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20131106030340/http://www.rosegill.com/Old97/Old97.pdf | url-status = live }}</ref>
* [[September 29]] &ndash; [[Prussia]] becomes the second jurisdiction to require mandatory [[driver's license]]s for operators of motor vehicles, after New York State in 1901.


===October===
===October===
{{Main|October 1903}}
{{Main|October 1903}}
* [[October 1]]&ndash;[[October 13|13]] &ndash; First modern [[World Series]]: The [[Boston Americans]] defeat the [[Pittsburgh Pirates]] in eight games.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.baseball-almanac.com/ws/wsmenu.shtml |title=MLB World Series - A History of the World Series |publisher=[[Baseball Almanac, Inc.]] |access-date=1 October 2021 |archive-date=October 19, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211019155215/https://www.baseball-almanac.com/ws/wsmenu.shtml |url-status=live }}</ref>
* [[October 1]]&ndash;[[October 13|13]] &ndash; First modern [[World Series]]: The [[Boston Americans]] defeat the [[Pittsburgh Pirates]] in eight games.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.baseball-almanac.com/ws/wsmenu.shtml |title=MLB World Series - A History of the World Series |publisher=[[Baseball Almanac, Inc.]] |access-date=1 October 2021 |archive-date=October 19, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211019155215/https://www.baseball-almanac.com/ws/wsmenu.shtml |url-status=live }}</ref>
* [[October 6]] &ndash; The [[High Court of Australia]] sits for the first time.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.environment.gov.au/cgi-bin/ahdb/search.pl?mode=place_detail;place_id=105557 |title=High Court of Australia, King Edward Tce, Parkes, ACT, Australia |work=[[Australian Heritage Database]] |publisher=[[Australian Government]], [[Department of Agriculture, Water and the Environment]] |access-date=1 October 2021 |archive-date=September 24, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210924045004/http://www.environment.gov.au/cgi-bin/ahdb/search.pl?mode=place_detail;place_id=105557 |url-status=live }}</ref>
* [[October 10]] &ndash; The [[Women's Social and Political Union]] is founded in the U.K.<ref>{{cite ODNB |last=Holton |first=Sandra Stanley |title=Women's Social and Political Union (act. 1903–1914) |url=https://doi.org/10.1093/ref:odnb/95579 |date=1 September 2017 |doi=10.1093/ref:odnb/95579 |access-date=1 October 2021}}</ref>
* [[October 10]] &ndash; The [[Women's Social and Political Union]] is founded in the U.K.<ref>{{cite ODNB |last=Holton |first=Sandra Stanley |title=Women's Social and Political Union (act. 1903–1914) |url=https://doi.org/10.1093/ref:odnb/95579 |date=1 September 2017 |doi=10.1093/ref:odnb/95579 |access-date=1 October 2021}}</ref>


===November===
===November===
{{Main|November 1903}}
{{Main|November 1903}}
* [[November 2]] &ndash; [[Maggie L. Walker]] becomes the first African American woman to charter a bank.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.nps.gov/mawa/the-st-luke-penny-savings-bank.htm |title=The St. Luke Penny Savings Bank |website=[[Maggie L. Walker National Historic Site|Maggie L. Walker National Historic Site Virginia]] |date=4 January 2017 |publisher=[[National Park Service]], [[U.S. Department of the Interior]] |access-date=16 November 2021 |archive-date=November 16, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211116101929/https://www.nps.gov/mawa/the-st-luke-penny-savings-bank.htm |url-status=live }}</ref>
* [[November 3]] &ndash; [[Separation of Panama from Colombia]]: With the encouragement of the United States, [[Panama]] proclaims itself independent of [[Colombia]].<ref name="Secession">{{cite news |title=SECESSION OF PANAMA. |journal=[[The Sydney Morning Herald]] |date=8 January 1909 |at=Page 7, column 2 |url=https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/15027494 |access-date=16 November 2021 |via=[[Trove]] |archive-date=November 16, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211116110638/https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/15027494 |url-status=live }}</ref>
* [[November 3]] &ndash; [[Separation of Panama from Colombia]]: With the encouragement of the United States, [[Panama]] proclaims itself independent of [[Colombia]].<ref name="Secession">{{cite news |title=SECESSION OF PANAMA. |journal=[[The Sydney Morning Herald]] |date=8 January 1909 |at=Page 7, column 2 |url=https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/15027494 |access-date=16 November 2021 |via=[[Trove]] |archive-date=November 16, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211116110638/https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/15027494 |url-status=live }}</ref>
* [[November 6]] &ndash; The English-language ''[[South China Morning Post]]'' newspaper is first published in [[Hong Kong]].<ref>{{cite news |url=https://multimedia.scmp.com/infographics/news/hong-kong/article/3154851/scmp-118th-anniversary/index.html |last=Arranz |first=Adolfo |title=South China Morning Post: a Hong Kong story |journal=[[South China Morning Post]] |date=6 November 2021 |access-date=16 November 2021 |archive-date=November 24, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211124174051/https://multimedia.scmp.com/infographics/news/hong-kong/article/3154851/scmp-118th-anniversary/index.html |url-status=live }}</ref>
* [[November 6]] &ndash; The English-language ''[[South China Morning Post]]'' newspaper is first published in [[Hong Kong]].<ref>{{cite news |url=https://multimedia.scmp.com/infographics/news/hong-kong/article/3154851/scmp-118th-anniversary/index.html |last=Arranz |first=Adolfo |title=South China Morning Post: a Hong Kong story |journal=[[South China Morning Post]] |date=6 November 2021 |access-date=16 November 2021 |archive-date=November 24, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211124174051/https://multimedia.scmp.com/infographics/news/hong-kong/article/3154851/scmp-118th-anniversary/index.html |url-status=live }}</ref>
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* [[November 17]] &ndash; The [[Russian Social Democratic Labour Party]] splits into two groups: the [[Bolsheviks]] (Russian for "majority") and [[Mensheviks]] (Russian for "minority").<ref>{{cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ntiuCwAAQBAJ&pg=PA108 |last=Service |first=Robert |author-link=Robert Service (historian) |title=Lenin: A Political Life |volume=1: The Strengths of Contradiction |location=Houndmills, [[Basingstoke]], [[Hampshire]] and London |publisher=[[Macmillan Press]] |year=1985 |page=108 |isbn=978-1-349-05591-3 |access-date=17 November 2021 |via=[[Google Books]]}} This source mentions a meeting of the Party Council on November 17, 1903, but does not clarify that this was the occasion of the permanent split.</ref>
* [[November 17]] &ndash; The [[Russian Social Democratic Labour Party]] splits into two groups: the [[Bolsheviks]] (Russian for "majority") and [[Mensheviks]] (Russian for "minority").<ref>{{cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ntiuCwAAQBAJ&pg=PA108 |last=Service |first=Robert |author-link=Robert Service (historian) |title=Lenin: A Political Life |volume=1: The Strengths of Contradiction |location=Houndmills, [[Basingstoke]], [[Hampshire]] and London |publisher=[[Macmillan Press]] |year=1985 |page=108 |isbn=978-1-349-05591-3 |access-date=17 November 2021 |via=[[Google Books]]}} This source mentions a meeting of the Party Council on November 17, 1903, but does not clarify that this was the occasion of the permanent split.</ref>
* [[November 18]] &ndash; The [[Hay–Bunau-Varilla Treaty]] is signed by the United States and [[Panama]], giving the U.S. exclusive rights over the [[Panama Canal Zone]].<ref name="Secession"/>
* [[November 18]] &ndash; The [[Hay–Bunau-Varilla Treaty]] is signed by the United States and [[Panama]], giving the U.S. exclusive rights over the [[Panama Canal Zone]].<ref name="Secession"/>
* [[November 23]] &ndash; [[Colorado]] governor [[James Hamilton Peabody]] sends the state militia into the town of [[Cripple Creek, Colorado|Cripple Creek]] to break up a miners' strike.<ref>{{cite web |author=History.com Staff |website=[[History.com]] |year=2009 |title=Colorado governor sends militia to Cripple Creek |url=https://www.history.com/this-day-in-history/colorado-governor-sends-militia-to-cripple-creek |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180310050619/https://www.history.com/this-day-in-history/colorado-governor-sends-militia-to-cripple-creek |archive-date=10 March 2018 |access-date=16 November 2021 |publisher=[[A+E Networks]]}}</ref>
* [[November 28]] &ndash; {{SS|Petriana}} is wrecked on a reef outside [[Melbourne]], Australia, causing one of the world's first major [[List of oil spills|oil spill]]s.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.amsa.gov.au/marine-environment/incidents-and-exercises/petriana-28-november-1903 |title=Petriana, 28 November 1903 |website=[[Australian Maritime Safety Authority]] |department=Historical pollution and casualty incidents |date=9 November 2020 |publisher=[[Australian Government]] |access-date=17 November 2021 |archive-date=November 30, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211130205409/https://www.amsa.gov.au/marine-environment/incidents-and-exercises/petriana-28-november-1903 |url-status=live }}</ref>
* [[November 28]] &ndash; {{SS|Petriana}} is wrecked on a reef outside [[Melbourne]], Australia, causing one of the world's first major [[List of oil spills|oil spill]]s.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.amsa.gov.au/marine-environment/incidents-and-exercises/petriana-28-november-1903 |title=Petriana, 28 November 1903 |website=[[Australian Maritime Safety Authority]] |department=Historical pollution and casualty incidents |date=9 November 2020 |publisher=[[Australian Government]] |access-date=17 November 2021 |archive-date=November 30, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211130205409/https://www.amsa.gov.au/marine-environment/incidents-and-exercises/petriana-28-november-1903 |url-status=live }}</ref>


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** [[Roy Acuff]], American country musician (d. [[1992]])
** [[Roy Acuff]], American country musician (d. [[1992]])
** [[Yisrael Kristal]], Polish-born Israeli supercentenarian, Holocaust survivor, and former world's oldest living man (d. [[2017]])
** [[Yisrael Kristal]], Polish-born Israeli supercentenarian, Holocaust survivor, and former world's oldest living man (d. [[2017]])
* [[September 16]] &ndash; Rabbi [[Yosef Greenwald]] to his father Rabbi [[Yaakov Yehezkiya Greenwald]]; in [[Brezovica, Sabinov District|Brezovica]] ([[Hungary]]) (d. [[1984]])<ref>{{cite web |title=אדמו"ר רבי יוסף גרינוולד מפאפא |url=http://www.mytzadik.com/tzadik.aspx?id=1014 |website=MyTzadik |language=he}}</ref>
* [[September 17]] &ndash; [[Karel Miljon]], Dutch boxer (d. [[1984]])<ref>{{cite web |title=Karel Miljon |url=https://www.olympedia.org/athletes/4715 |website=Olympedia |publisher=OlyMADMen |access-date=23 April 2025}}</ref>
* [[September 20]] &ndash; [[Gertrud Arndt]], German photographer (d. [[2000]])<ref>{{cite book |last1=Witkovsky |first1=Matthew S. |first2=Peter |last2=Demetz |title=Foto : Modernity In Central Europe, 1918-1945 |location=[[Washington, DC]] |publisher=[[National Gallery of Art]] in association with [[Thames and Hudson]] |year=2007}}</ref>
* [[September 20]] &ndash; [[Gertrud Arndt]], German photographer (d. [[2000]])<ref>{{cite book |last1=Witkovsky |first1=Matthew S. |first2=Peter |last2=Demetz |title=Foto : Modernity In Central Europe, 1918-1945 |location=[[Washington, DC]] |publisher=[[National Gallery of Art]] in association with [[Thames and Hudson]] |year=2007}}</ref>
* [[September 21]] &ndash; [[Preston Tucker]], American automobile designer (d. [[1956]])
* [[September 21]] &ndash; [[Preston Tucker]], American automobile designer (d. [[1956]])
* [[September 25]]
* [[September 25]]
** [[Abul A'la Maududi]], Pakistani journalist, theologian, and philosopher (d. [[1979]])
** [[Abul A'la Maududi]], Pakistani journalist, theologian, and philosopher (d. [[1979]])
** [[Mark Rothko]], Latvian-born painter (d. [[1970]])<ref>{{cite book |last=Breslin |first=James E. B. |title=Mark Rothko: A Biography |location=[[Chicago]] |publisher=[[University of Chicago Press]] |year=1993}}</ref>
** [[Mark Rothko]], Latvian-born American painter (d. [[1970]])<ref>{{cite book |last=Breslin |first=James E. B. |title=Mark Rothko: A Biography |location=[[Chicago]] |publisher=[[University of Chicago Press]] |year=1993}}</ref>
* [[September 27]] &ndash; [[Leonard Barr]], American stand-up comic, actor, and dancer (d. [[1980]])
* [[September 28]] &ndash; [[Tateo Katō]], Japanese fighter ace (d. [[1942]])<ref>{{cite web |last=Gustavsson |first=Håkan |title=Biplane fighter aces Japan - Lieutenant Colonel Tateo Kato |website=Biplane Fighter Aces from the Second World War |url=http://surfcity.kund.dalnet.se/japan_kato.htm |date=16 March 2015 |access-date=24 December 2021}}{{Self-published source|date=December 2021}}</ref>
* [[September 29]]
** [[Miguel Alemán Valdés]], Mexican lawyer and civilian president (1946–1952) (d. [[1983]])<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.miguelaleman.org/index.php/biografias/presidente-miguel-aleman-valdes|publisher=Fundacion Miguel Aleman, A.C.|language=es|access-date=May 29, 2019|title=BIOGRAFÍA|archive-date=December 21, 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221221031347/https://www.miguelaleman.org/index.php/biografias/presidente-miguel-aleman-valdes|url-status=usurped}}</ref>
** [[Ted de Corsia]], American actor (d. [[1973]])
* [[September 30]] &ndash; [[Lyle Goodhue]], American chemist, inventor and entomologist (d. [[1981]])


===October===
===October===
[[File:Karel van België Charles de Belgique Karl von Belgien.jpg|thumb|100px|[[Prince Charles, Count of Flanders]]]]
[[File:Karel van België Charles de Belgique Karl von Belgien.jpg|thumb|100px|[[Prince Charles, Count of Flanders]]]]
[[File:John Davis Lodge.jpg|100px|thumb|[[John Davis Lodge]]]]
[[File:John Davis Lodge.jpg|100px|thumb|[[John Davis Lodge]]]]
* [[October 1]] &ndash; [[Vladimir Horowitz]], American pianist (d. [[1989]])
* [[October 1]] &ndash; [[Vladimir Horowitz]], Russian-born American pianist (d. [[1989]])
* [[October 4]] &ndash; [[John Vincent Atanasoff]], American computer engineer (d. [[1995]])
* [[October 4]] &ndash; [[John Vincent Atanasoff]], American computer engineer (d. [[1995]])
* [[October 5]] &ndash; [[M. King Hubbert]], American geophysicist (d. [[1989]])
* [[October 5]] &ndash; [[M. King Hubbert]], American geophysicist (d. [[1989]])
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* [[October 8]] &ndash; [[Ferenc Nagy]], 40th prime minister of Hungary (d. [[1979]])
* [[October 8]] &ndash; [[Ferenc Nagy]], 40th prime minister of Hungary (d. [[1979]])
* [[October 9]] &ndash; [[Walter O'Malley]], American baseball executive (d. [[1979]])
* [[October 9]] &ndash; [[Walter O'Malley]], American baseball executive (d. [[1979]])
* [[October 10]]
* [[October 10]] &ndash; [[Prince Charles, Count of Flanders]] (d. [[1983]])
** [[Prince Charles, Count of Flanders]] (d. [[1983]])
* [[October 16]] &ndash; [[Rex Bell]], American actor and politician (d. [[1962]])
** [[Bei Shizhang]], Chinese biologist, educator (d. [[2009]])
* [[October 18]] &ndash; [[Lina Radke]], German athlete (d. [[1983]])
* [[October 11]] &ndash; [[Kazimierz Kordylewski]], Polish astronomer (d. [[1981]])
* [[October 16]]
** [[Rex Bell]], American actor and politician (d. [[1962]])
** [[Cecile de Brunhoff]], French storyteller (d. [[2003]])
* [[October 18]]
** [[Raoul Dutheil]], French footballer (d. [[1945]])
** [[Lina Radke]], German athlete (d. [[1983]])
* [[October 20]] &ndash; [[John Davis Lodge]], American actor and politician (d. [[1985]])
* [[October 20]] &ndash; [[John Davis Lodge]], American actor and politician (d. [[1985]])
* [[October 22]]
* [[October 22]]
** [[George Beadle]], American geneticist, recipient of the [[Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine]] (d. [[1989]])
** [[George Beadle]], American geneticist, recipient of the [[Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine]] (d. [[1989]])
** [[Zlatyu Boyadzhiev]], Bulgarian painter (d. [[1976]])
** [[Curly Howard]], American comedian, actor (''The Three Stooges'') (d. [[1952]])
** [[Curly Howard|Jerome "Curly Howard" Horwitz]], American comedian, actor (''The Three Stooges'') (d. [[1952]])
* [[October 23]]
** [[Thaddeus B. Hurd]], American architect, historian (d. [[1989]])
** [[Maurice Tillet]], French professional wrestler (d. [[1954]])
* [[October 24]] &ndash; [[Melvin Purvis]], American lawman and FBI agent (d. [[1960]])
* [[October 24]] &ndash; [[Melvin Purvis]], American lawman and FBI agent (d. [[1960]])
*[[October 25]]
** [[Katharine Byron]], American politician (d. [[1976]])
** [[Harry Shoulberg]], American painter (d. [[1995]])
* [[October 26]] &ndash; [[Bill Allington]], American baseball player, manager (d. [[1966]])
* [[October 28]] &ndash; [[Evelyn Waugh]], English novelist (d. [[1966]])
* [[October 28]] &ndash; [[Evelyn Waugh]], English novelist (d. [[1966]])
* [[October 29]] &ndash; [[Vivian Ellis]], English composer, lyricist (d. [[1996]])
* [[October 31]] &ndash; [[Joan Robinson]], English economist (d. [[1983]])
* [[October 31]] &ndash; [[Joan Robinson]], English economist (d. [[1983]])


===November===
===November===
[[File:Charles Rigoulot 1923.jpg|thumb|100px|[[Charles Rigoulot]]]]
[[File:Konrad Lorenz.JPG|thumb|100px|[[Konrad Lorenz]]]]
[[File:Konrad Lorenz.JPG|thumb|100px|[[Konrad Lorenz]]]]
* [[November 1]] &ndash; [[Max Adrian]], Northern Irish actor (d. [[1973]])
* [[November 1]] &ndash; [[Max Adrian]], Irish actor (d. [[1973]])
* [[November 2]] &ndash; [[Edgard Potier]], Belgian spy (d. [[1944]])
* [[November 3]]  
* [[November 3]]  
** [[Walker Evans]], American photographer (d. [[1975]])
** [[Walker Evans]], American photographer (d. [[1975]])
** [[Charles Rigoulot]], French weightlifter (d. [[1962]])
** [[Charles Rigoulot]], French weightlifter (d. [[1962]])
* [[November 4]]  
* [[November 4]] &ndash; [[Watchman Nee]], Chinese Christian preacher, church leader (d. [[1972]])
**[[Robert Emerson (scientist)|Robert Emerson]], American scientist (d. [[1959]])
**[[Watchman Nee]], Chinese Christian preacher, church leader (d. [[1972]])
* [[November 6]] &ndash; [[Carl Rakosi]], German-born poet (d. [[2004]])
* [[November 7]]
* [[November 7]]
**[[Dean Jagger]], American actor (d. [[1991]])
**[[Dean Jagger]], American actor (d. [[1991]])
**[[Konrad Lorenz]], Austrian zoologist, recipient of the [[Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine]] (d. [[1989]])
**[[Konrad Lorenz]], Austrian zoologist, recipient of the [[Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine]] (d. [[1989]])
* [[November 8]] &ndash; [[Alfred Thambiayah]], Ceylon Tamil businessman, politician (d.?)
* [[November 11]] &ndash; [[Isaac Bashevis Singer]], Polish-American novelist, writer and Nobel Prize laureate (d. [[1991]])
* [[November 11]]
** Blessed [[Victoria Díez Bustos de Molina]], Spanish teacher, religious woman (d. [[1936]])
** [[Isaac Bashevis Singer]], Polish-American novelist, writer and Nobel Prize laureate (d. [[1991]])
* [[November 12]] &ndash; [[Jack Oakie]], American actor (d. [[1978]])
* [[November 12]] &ndash; [[Jack Oakie]], American actor (d. [[1978]])
* [[November 19]] &ndash; [[Nancy Carroll]], American actress (d. [[1965]])
* [[November 19]] &ndash; [[Nancy Carroll]], American actress (d. [[1965]])
* [[November 25]] &ndash; [[DeHart Hubbard]], American Olympic athlete (d. [[1976]])
* [[November 25]] &ndash; [[DeHart Hubbard]], American Olympic athlete (d. [[1976]])
* [[November 26]] &ndash; [[Alice Herz-Sommer]], Czech-British supercentenarian and pianist and teacher (d. [[2014]])
* [[November 26]] &ndash; [[Alice Herz-Sommer]], Czech-British supercentenarian and pianist and teacher (d. [[2014]])
* [[November 27]]
* [[November 27]] &ndash; [[Lars Onsager]], Norwegian-born American chemist, [[Nobel Prize in Chemistry|Nobel Prize]] laureate (d. [[1976]])
**[[Jamil Hashweh]], Palestinian translator (d. [[1982]])
**[[Lars Onsager]], Norwegian chemist, [[Nobel Prize in Chemistry|Nobel Prize]] laureate (d. [[1976]])
* [[November 29]] &ndash; [[E. Harold Munn]], American temperance movement leader, presidential candidate (d. [[1992]])


===December===
===December===
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<!--[[File:Erskine Caldwell 1975.jpg|thumb|100px|[[Erskine Caldwell]]]]-->
<!--[[File:Erskine Caldwell 1975.jpg|thumb|100px|[[Erskine Caldwell]]]]-->
[[File:JohnvonNeumann-LosAlamos.gif|thumb|100px|[[John von Neumann]]]]
[[File:JohnvonNeumann-LosAlamos.gif|thumb|100px|[[John von Neumann]]]]
* [[December 4]]
* [[December 4]] &ndash; [[A. L. Rowse]], English historian (d. [[1997]])
** [[Lazar Lagin]], Soviet and Russian writer (d. [[1979]])
** [[A. L. Rowse]], English historian (d. [[1997]])
* [[December 5]]
* [[December 5]]
** [[Johannes Heesters]], Dutch singer, actor (d. [[2011]])
** [[Johannes Heesters]], Dutch singer, actor (d. [[2011]])
** [[Cecil Frank Powell]], British physicist, [[Nobel Prize in Physics|Nobel Prize]] laureate (d. [[1969]])
** [[C. F. Powell]], British physicist, [[Nobel Prize in Physics|Nobel Prize]] laureate (d. [[1969]])
* [[December 10]] &ndash; [[Una Merkel]], American actress (d. [[1986]])
* [[December 10]] &ndash; [[Una Merkel]], American actress (d. [[1986]])
* [[December 12]]
* [[December 12]] &ndash; [[Yasujirō Ozu]], Japanese film director (d. [[1963]])
** [[Dagmar Nordstrom]], American composer, pianist (d. [[1976]])
** [[Yasujirō Ozu]], Japanese film director (d. [[1963]])
* [[December 13]] &ndash; [[Ella Baker]], American civil rights activist (d. [[1986]])
* [[December 13]] &ndash; [[Ella Baker]], American civil rights activist (d. [[1986]])
* [[December 16]] &ndash; [[Harold Whitlock]], British Olympic athlete (d. [[1985]])<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.olympedia.org/athletes/69592 |title=Harold Whitlock |website=[[Olympedia]] |publisher=OlyMADMen |access-date=24 November 2021 |archive-date=November 24, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211124111620/https://www.olympedia.org/athletes/69592 |url-status=live }}</ref>
* [[December 16]] &ndash; [[Harold Whitlock]], British Olympic athlete (d. [[1985]])<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.olympedia.org/athletes/69592 |title=Harold Whitlock |website=[[Olympedia]] |publisher=OlyMADMen |access-date=24 November 2021 |archive-date=November 24, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211124111620/https://www.olympedia.org/athletes/69592 |url-status=live }}</ref>
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* [[December 28]]
* [[December 28]]
** [[Earl Hines]], American jazz pianist (d. [[1983]])
** [[Earl Hines]], American jazz pianist (d. [[1983]])
** [[John von Neumann]], Hungarian-born mathematician (d. [[1957]])
** [[John von Neumann]], Hungarian-born American mathematician (d. [[1957]])
* [[December 29]] &ndash; [[Clyde McCoy]], American jazz trumpeter (d. [[1990]])


==Deaths==
==Deaths==

Latest revision as of 18:38, 13 November 2025

Template:Use mdy dates

<templatestyles src="Events by month/styles.css"/>

Template:Main other

Template:Year dab Template:Multiple image Template:Year nav Script error: No such module "Sidebar". Script error: No such module "Year in various calendars". Template:Sister project Template:Year article header Template:TOC limit

Events

January

Script error: No such module "Labelled list hatnote".

File:Edward vii england.jpg
January 1: Edward VII becomes Emperor of India.

February

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March

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April

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File:Frank Slide 4-30-1903.jpg
April 29: The Frank Slide occurs

May

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June

Script error: No such module "Labelled list hatnote".

File:AleksandarObrenovic.jpg
June 11: Alexander I

July

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File:1903 ford model a.jpg
July 23: 1903 Ford Model A.

August

Script error: No such module "Labelled list hatnote".

September

Script error: No such module "Labelled list hatnote".

October

Script error: No such module "Labelled list hatnote".

November

Script error: No such module "Labelled list hatnote".

December

Script error: No such module "Labelled list hatnote".

File:First flight2.jpg
December 17: The Wright Flyer in the air, the first airplane flight, by Orville Wright.

Date unknown

Births

January

File:Alan Paton.jpg
Alan Paton

February

File:Tunku abd rahman.jpg
Tunku Abdul Rahman
File:Giulio Natta 1960s.jpg
Giulio Natta

March

File:Empress Kojun 1956-11-face.jpg
Empress Nagako
File:Clare boothe.jpg
Clare Boothe Luce
File:Young lawrence welk.JPG
Lawrence Welk
File:Bad Schachen Porträt; Adolf Butenandt - W134Nr.020182c - Willy Pragher (cropped).jpg
Adolf Butenandt

April

File:Eliot Ness in 1931.jpg
Eliot Ness

May

File:Bing Crosby 1951.jpg
Bing Crosby
File:Bob Hope, 1978.jpg
Bob Hope

June

File:Lou Gehrig as a new Yankee 11 Jun 1923.jpg
Lou Gehrig
File:George Orwell press photo.jpg
George Orwell

July

File:Alec Douglas Home Allan Warren cropped.jpg
Alec Douglas-Home
File:Olav V of Norway.jpg
Olav V of Norway

August

File:Bourguiba photo officielle.jpg
Habib Bourguiba

September

File:Adorno.jpg
Theodor W. Adorno
File:Claudette Colbert in The Misleading Lady.jpg
Claudette Colbert

October

File:Karel van België Charles de Belgique Karl von Belgien.jpg
Prince Charles, Count of Flanders
File:John Davis Lodge.jpg
John Davis Lodge

November

File:Konrad Lorenz.JPG
Konrad Lorenz

December

File:Una Merkel - still.JPG
Una Merkel
File:JohnvonNeumann-LosAlamos.gif
John von Neumann

Deaths

January–June

File:Galg gem.jpg
Saint Gemma Galgani
File:Josiah Willard Gibbs -from MMS-.jpg
Josiah Willard Gibbs
File:Paul Gauguin 1891.png
Paul Gauguin
File:Apolinario mabini PG.jpg
Apolinario Mabini
File:AlejandroIDeSerbiaEn1900.jpg
King Alexander I of Serbia

July–December

File:Leo XIII.jpg
Pope Leo XIII
File:Robert-Gascoyne-Cecil-3rd-Marquess-of-Salisbury.jpg
Lord Salisbury
File:T-mommsen-2.jpg
Theodor Mommsen
File:Pissarro-portrait.jpg
Camille Pissarro

Unknown date

Nobel Prizes

File:Nobel medal.png

References

Template:Reflist

Sources

  • Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".

Template:Events by month links/box

  1. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  2. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  3. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  4. ↑ Template:Cite Jewish Encyclopedia
  5. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  6. ↑ Grand Prix History online Template:Webarchive (retrieved 11 June 2017)
  7. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  8. ↑ Steven Watts, The People's Tycoon: Henry Ford and the American Century (2006) p. 131
  9. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  10. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  11. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  12. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  13. ↑ Template:Cite ODNB
  14. ↑ a b Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  15. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  16. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  17. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1". This source mentions a meeting of the Party Council on November 17, 1903, but does not clarify that this was the occasion of the permanent split.
  18. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  19. ↑ Template:Cite magazine
  20. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  21. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  22. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  23. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  24. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  25. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  26. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  27. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  28. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  29. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  30. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  31. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  32. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  33. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  34. ↑ Template:Cite EB1911
  35. ↑ Carter, Jesse Benedict. "Theodor Mommsen," The Atlantic Monthly, Vol. XCIII, 1904.
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