Haiphong: Difference between revisions

Latest revision as of 12:23, 13 December 2025

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Haiphong or Hai Phong (Template:Langx, Script error: No such module "IPA".) is the third-largest city in Vietnam and is the principal port city of the Red River Delta.^[1] The municipality has an area of Script error: No such module "convert"..^[2] The city includes Bạch Long Vĩ and Cát Hải islands in the Gulf of Tonkin. It has a population of 2,130,898 in 2023.^[3]^[4] The city's economy has strength in manufacturing, as evidenced by large industrial parks and numerous smaller traditional handicraft villages. Historically, Haiphong was the first place in Vietnam and Mainland Southeast Asia to get electricity.

In the imperial era of Đại Việt, the Bạch Đằng River in Haiphong was a place of many legendary victories, led by now-legendary commanders Ngô Quyền and Trần Hưng Đạo. In the 16th century, Mạc dynasty promoted the coastal settlement as a secondary capital, growing to become an important port town of Đàng Ngoài. After the French conquest of Vietnam, in 1888, the president of the French Third Republic, Sadi Carnot, promulgated a decree to establish Haiphong as one of the principal cities of French Indochina. From 1954 to 1975, Haiphong served as the most important maritime city of North Vietnam. It was one of the directly controlled municipalities of a reunified Vietnam with Hanoi and Ho Chi Minh City in 1976.

Haiphong is a popular seaside vacation spot and known for biological reserves in Cát Bà Island. For its extensive port, the city hosts the headquarters of the Vietnam People's Navy. Royal poinciana are commonly associated with Haiphong in Vietnamese culture.

History

Dynastic Vietnam

Modern-day Haiphong was the home of Lê Chân, one of the female generals under the command of the Trưng Sisters who rose against Chinese domination in 40 AD and ruled until their defeat in 43 AD. Lê Chân was known to have established the Hải tần Phòng thủ (“Defenced Sea-coast”) during the war against general Ma Yuan of the Han dynasty.^[5]^[6] Centuries later under the reign of Nguyễn Emperor Tự Đức, the area earned the appellation: Hải-Dương thương-chính quan-phòng ("The trading defensive area of Hải Dương Province").

File:Rue chinoise, Haiphong, Tonkin.jpg

A street in the late 19th century

By the 19th century, at the end of Tự Đức's reign, the Hang Kenh Communal House in what is now the city's Le Chan District was made the administrative seat of An Dương District, restoring its regional importance.^[7] The area by then had developed into a sizable commercial port.

At the eve of the French conquest in 1881, a typhoon ravaged the area, killing about 3,000 people in and around Haiphong. Despite the damages, Haiphong was developed by the French to serve as Indochina's main naval base over the ensuing decades.

Democratic Republic of Vietnam and the Vietnam War

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Following the defeat of Japan in World War II, Vietnamese nationalists agitated for independence against French return. French forces landed in Haiphong and encountered resistance which resulted in the deaths of three French soldiers. In retaliation, the French ships, among them the cruiser Suffren, shelled the city, setting it ablaze^[8] and precipitating the First Indochina War.^[9]^[10] French infantry forces under the command of Jean-Étienne Valluy entered the city, fighting house to house with the support of armored units and airplanes.^[11]

Late in the Vietnam War, Haiphong was subjected to heavy bombing by US Navy and Air Force strike aircraft because it was North Vietnam's only major port. U.S. Admiral Thomas H. Moorer ordered the mining of Haiphong harbor on 8 May 1972, effectively sealing the port. Until it was lifted, the mining caused no casualty.^[12]^[13] Despite being targeted, the physical structure of the city was mostly unaffected by the war as the US had a self-imposed prohibition zone for the city. After the war, the city recovered its role as a significant industrial center.^[7]

21st century

On 20 February 2025 the Vietnamese parliament approved an $8 billion railroad investment to upgrade under Xi Jinping's Belt and road initiative the old French-built Kunming–Haiphong railway, which serves the Chinese border city Hekou Yao, Lao Cai, Hanoi and Haiphong.^[14]

On 12 June 2025, the National Assembly issued Resolution No. 202/2025/QH15^[15] on the arrangement of provincial-level administrative units (the resolution took effect on June 12, 2025). Accordingly, Hải Dương Province was merged into Hai Phong City.^[16]

Geography

Haiphong is a coastal city located at the mouth of the Cấm River, in Vietnam's north-eastern coastal area, Script error: No such module "convert". east of Hanoi. The Bính Bridge crosses the Cam and connects the city with Thủy Nguyên District.^[17] It has a total natural area of Script error: No such module "convert". (2001). It borders Quảng Ninh Province to the north, Hải Dương Province to the west, Thái Bình Province to the south, and the Gulf of Tonkin to the east. Bach Long Vi island, Cat Ba Island and the Long Châu islands, located in the Gulf, are also administered as part of the city. Tidal flat ecosystems occur adjacent to the city, however, many have been reclaimed for agriculture or development purposes.^[18]

Climate

Haiphong features a humid subtropical climate (Koppen: Cwa) with hot, humid summers and warm, dry winters. The city is noticeably wetter from April through October; roughly 90% of the city's annual rainfall (which totals approximately Script error: No such module "convert".) typically falls during these months. There is a noticeable difference in temperatures between the city's winters and summers. Haiphong's coolest months, January and February, sees average high temperatures reach Script error: No such module "convert". and average low temperatures at around Script error: No such module "convert".. Its warmest months, June and July, sees average high temperatures hover around Script error: No such module "convert". and average low temperatures at around Script error: No such module "convert".. Sea temperatures range from a low of Script error: No such module "convert". in February to a high of Script error: No such module "convert". during the months of July and August.^[19] Script error: No such module "weather box".Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".

Average sea temperature^[19]
Month	Jan	Feb	Mar	Apr	May	Jun	Jul	Aug	Sep	Oct	Nov	Dec	Year
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Administration

Hai Phong is subdivided into 45 wards, 67 communes and 2 special zones (Bạch Long Vĩ and Cát Hải).

File:BẢN ĐỒ HÀNH CHÍNH HẢI PHÒNG.png

Administrative divisions of Hai Phong (before 2025)

Before 2025, Haiphong was subdivided into 15 district-level sub-divisions, consisting of 8 urban districts, 6 rural districts and 1 municipal city (sub-city): Script error: No such module "Template wrapper".Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".

They are further subdivided into 10 commune-level towns (or townlets), 148 communes, and 72 wards.

Table of local government districts

District	Number of wards (communes and towns)	Area (km²) (2025)	Population (2025)	Density (people/km²)
An Dương	10 wards	78.96	171,227	2,169
Dương Kinh	6 wards	48.85	60,319	1,235
Đồ Sơn	6 wards	46.32	54,175	1,169
Hải An	8 wards	97.64	144,256	1,477
Hồng Bàng	10 wards	39.77	177,820	4,471
Kiến An	7 wards	29.6	118,047	3,988
Lê Chân	7 wards	11.9	261,854	22,004
Ngô Quyền	8 wards	11.33	186,683	16,477
Sub-total (urban districts)	62 wards	364.37	1,174,381	3,223
Thủy Nguyên	17 wards + 4 communes	269.1	397,570	1,477
Sub-total (municipal city)	17 wards, 4 communes	269.1	397,570	1,477
An Lão	2 towns + 15 communes	114.58	146,712	1,280
Bạch Long Vĩ	-	3.16	624	197
Cát Hải	2 towns + 10 communes	325.6	32.090	98
Kiến Thụy	1 town + 15 communes	108.87	160,239	1,471
Tiên Lãng	1 town + 18 communes	195	185,619	951
Vĩnh Bảo	1 town + 19 communes	183.16	224,813	1,227
Sub-total (rural districts)	7 towns + 77 communes	930.37	750,097	806
Total	79 wards, 7 towns, 81 communes	1,563.84	2,322,048	1,484

Economy

Haiphong is a major economic center of the North in particular and Vietnam in general both. Under French domination, Haiphong was level 1 city, equal to Saigon and Hanoi. The last years of the 19th century, the French had proposed to build Haiphong into the economic capital of Indochina.^[20]

Today, Haiphong is still one of the most important economic centers of Vietnam. In 2009, Haiphong state budget revenue reached 34,000 billion Vnd. In 2011, budget revenues in the city reached 47,725 billion, increase 19% compared to 2010.^[21] In 2015, total revenues of the city reached 56 288 billion. Government plans that to 2020, Haiphong's revenues will be over 80,000 billion and the domestic revenue reach 20.000 billion. In the ranking of the Provincial Competitiveness Index (PCI) 2013 of Vietnam, Haiphong city ranked at No. 15/63 provinces.^[22]

Haiphong has relationship of trading goods with more than 40 countries and territories around the world. Haiphong is striving to become one of the largest commercial centers of the country.^[23]

On Vietnam's Provincial Competitiveness Index 2023, a key tool for evaluating the business environment in Vietnam’s provinces, Hai Phong received a score of 70.34. This was an improvement from 2022 in which the province received a score of 70.76. In 2023, the province received its highest scores on the 'Labor Policy' and 'Time Costs' criterion and lowest on 'Policy Bias' and ‘Transparency’.^[24]

Industry

Industry is a key sector in Haiphong including food processing, light industries and heavy industries. Major products include fish sauce, beer, cigarettes, textiles, paper, plastic pipes, cement, iron, pharmaceuticals, electric fans, motorbikes, steel pipes and ships and out-sourcing software implementation.^[25] Most of these industries have been growing significantly between 2000 and 2007, with the exceptions of the cigarette and pharmaceutical industries. Shipbuilding, steel pipes, plastic pipes and textiles are among the industries with the most rapid growth.^[25]

There are also growing industries supplying products used by existing industries in the city. PetroVietnam set up a joint-venture PVTex with textile manufacturer Vinatex to build Vietnam's first polyester fiber plant in Haiphong. The factory will use by-products from oil-refining and reduce reliance on imported materials.^[26] 270,600 people were employed in Haiphong's industry. 112,600 industrial jobs were created between 2000 and 2007.^[25]

Agriculture, forestry and fishery

Despite its status as a city, around one third of Haiphong's area or 52,300 ha (as of 2007) are used for agriculture. Rice is the most important crop, taking up around 80% of the agricultural land with an output of 463,100 tons in 2007.^[25] Other agricultural products include maize, sugar and peanuts.^[25]

Haiphong has a relatively large fishing sector with an output of 79,705 tons (2007). Gross output has almost doubled between 2000 and 2007, mostly due to fast growth in aquaculture, which made up 60% of gross output in 2007. Despite its coastal location, sea fish contribute relatively little to the sector (around one fourth). Nam Định Province and Thái Bình Province have much larger fishing sectors and even the inland Hải Dương Province has a larger gross output from fishing than Haiphong.^[25]

As of 2007, 315,500 were employed in agriculture and fishery, a significant decrease from 396,300 in 2000. However, these sectors still account for almost a third of total employment in Haiphong, a larger share than industry.^[25] However, gross output in both agriculture and fishery have been growing significantly between 2000 and 2007.

Demographics

Haiphong is the third most populous city in Vietnam, with a population of 2.103.500 for the metropolitan area (2015), encompassing an area of Template:Cvt, 46,1% of population reside in the urban districts.^[27] The gender distribution is half female (50.4%).^[28]

Population growth

As of the 2009 census, Haiphong's average annual population growth rate was given as 4.0%. Haiphong's crude birth rate was recorded at 18.1 live births per 1000 persons vs the crude death rate of 7.6 per 1000 persons. Life expectancy at birth was estimated at 77.1 years for women and 72.0 years for men, or 74.5 years overall. Infant mortality rate was measured at 11.8 infant deaths per 1000 live births, just over two points above the nation's average for urban areas. In the same census, the city's out-migration was 1.9% vs in-migration of 2.8% and, for a net migration rate of 0.9%.^[28]

Education

In 2012, Hải Phòng had 4 universities and academies, 17 colleges, 26 professional secondary schools, 56 high schools, and hundreds of other educational institutions ranging from elementary to preschool levels. Trần Phú High School in Hải Phòng holds a Vietnamese record for being the only school with students winning international prizes for 21 consecutive years.

Đại học hàng hải Việt Nam

Vietnam Maritime University

Universities in Hải Phòng

Vietnam Maritime University - A national key university specializing in transport and maritime studies
Hai Phong University - A multidisciplinary university, formerly Hai Phong College of Education
Hai Phong Medical University - Trains general and specialized doctors, nurses, and serves as a medical research center
Hai Phong Management and Technology University - A private multidisciplinary university

High schools in Hải Phòng

Tran Phu Gifted High School: Ranked third nationally in terms of achievements in national student competitions, holds a record for 21 consecutive years of international awards
Ngô Quyền High School: Formerly known as Bonnal School, the oldest in Hải Phòng, with French architectural influence, established in 1920
Thái Phiên High School: A top non-specialized high school in the city, in the top 100 nationwide
Lê Ích Mộc High School: Named after the first scholar of Hải Phòng, located in Kỳ Sơn, Thủy Nguyên
Lê Quý Đôn High School: Another prominent high school in Hải Phòng
Trần Nguyên Hãn High School: Known for students achieving high results in university entrance exams and fostering creative students
An Lão High School: Located at 43 Lê Lợi Street, An Lão town, An Lão district, known for high teaching quality
Vĩnh Bảo High School: Recognized for having many students achieve top results in university entrance exams
Kiến An High School: The second oldest high school in Hải Phòng, known for its high-quality education
Tiên Lãng High School: The first school in Hải Phòng with a student winning the national final of the "Road to Mount Olympia" competition
Mạc Đĩnh Chi High School: Located in Dương Kinh district, known for a high university entrance rate
Haiphong Maritime High School: Internationally named by alumnus Trần Bảo Sơn, affiliated with Vietnam Maritime University
Lương Thế Vinh High School: Formerly Toa Xe Private High School, one of the first four private high schools in Hải Phòng
Hồng Bàng High School
Lê Hồng Phong High School
An Dương High School
Hải An High School
Lê Chân High School
Thăng Long High School
Kiến Thụy High School
Nguyễn Đức Cảnh High School
Bạch Đằng High School
Trần Hưng Đạo High School
Nguyễn Trãi High School

Transport

File:Haiphong 106.70132E 20.84440N.jpg

NASA image of Haiphong

Roads

Haiphong is located at the junction of two National Highways: Route 5, leading west to Hanoi, and Route 10, leading south to Nam Định and onward to connect with National Route 1 at Ninh Bình. Highway 356 passes west–east from the Route 5/10 junction through Haiphong's city center all the way to the coast. A connecting road from route 5 to route 18 links Haiphong with Quảng Ninh Province. In 2015, the new highway connecting Haiphong with Hanoi was completed; this is the most modern highway in Vietnam and reduces the trip by one hour as compared to the previous route.^[29]

Within the city there are several long-distance bus depots: Niem Nghia, Vinh Niem, and Thuong Ly.

A new highway route was completed in 2016. From Hanoi to Haiphong and back, it now takes less than two hours to reach. It has also shortened the distance from Haiphong to Thai Binh, Hai Duong, Hung Yen.

Tourists can easily catch a coach from Niem Nghia bus station to Hanoi or Cat Ba island, either Quang Ninh, or South of Vietnam.

Airports

The main airport serving Haiphong is Cat Bi International Airport with three flights daily to Ho Chi Minh city. In April 2011, Vietnam Airlines launched routes to Da Nang with 5 flights a week. An international airport for Haiphong, situated in Tien Lang district, is in the planning stages; if realized it would become the largest airport in northern Vietnam.

Seaports

File:Container Ship at the Hai Phong International Container Terminal 01.jpg

Moored container ship waiting to return to sea

Haiphong port is one of the largest ports in Vietnam and south-east Asia as a whole. The Port of Haiphong on the Cấm River is divided into three main docks: Hoang Dieu (Central terminal) located near the city's center, Chua Ve, and Dinh Vu both farther downstream to the east.^[30] Several ferry terminals connect Haiphong with the neighboring Cát Hải and Cát Bà Islands; Ben Binh Ferry terminal is located near the city center while Dinh Vu Ferry is located on a spit of land on the coast. The government had approved the plans to build an international port in Lach Huyen – 15 kilometers from the current port. Once completed this will be one of the deepest ports in Vietnam, with a draft of 14m, capable of receiving ships up to 100.000 DWT.

Railway

Haiphong station built in 1902 is the eastern terminus of the Kunming–Hai Phong Railway, also known as the Yunnan–Vietnam Railway. Built at by the French during their occupation, the railway once connected Haiphong to the city of Kunming in Yunnan, China, although service along the Chinese portion of the line is currently suspended. Rail travel from Haiphong with connections to the rest of the Vietnamese railway network is via Hanoi. Passenger trains run daily from 6AM until 6PM from Hai Phong city to the capital Hanoi and back. The travel time between the two cities by rail is approximately three hours.

Cuisine

Script error: No such module "Unsubst". Hai Phong specialties are known throughout Vietnam for their seafood dishes. Seafood restaurants in the Do Son area are famous for having very fresh shrimp, crab, fish, and squid at affordable prices. The seafood processing style in Hai Phong is simple, emphasizing the essence and freshness of ingredients, not spices.

Dishes such as bánh đa cua (red noodle soup with crab), bún cá (fish rice noodle soup), bánh mỳ que cay (spicy stick-bread), cơm cháy hải sản (crispy rice cracker with seafood), nem cua bể (square crab spring rolls) are notable and popular dishes. These dishes can be found on the streets of other places like Ho Chi Minh City, Hanoi, but enjoying them on the Flamboyant City (the other name of Haiphong City) is still the most ideal because of the choice of raw ingredients and cooking secrets of local chefs. Hai Phong cuisine has been promoted to Europe at the Brest Maritime Festival 2008 (France) and resonated greatly.

Hai Phong also has many other dishes such as mantis shrimp hot pot, bean sprouts salad, sủi dìn, bánh bèo (Haiphong's version, which is different from Hue's version).

Notable people

Mạc Đăng Dung (1483–1541), king of Đại Việt country, the founder of the Mạc dynasty
Nguyễn Bỉnh Khiêm (1491–1585), thinker, poet, prophet, Cao Dai religion saint
Mai Trung Thu (1906–1980), painter
Thẩm Thúy Hằng (1939–2022), actress
Trần Văn Cẩn (1910–1994), painter
Văn Cao (1923–1995), musician, poet, painter and composer of the national anthem of Vietnam Tiến Quân Ca
Quang Thắng (born 1968), actor and comedian
Wong Kwok-hing (born 1949), Hong Kong trade unionist and a former member of the Legislative Council of Hong Kong (2004–2016)
Ốc Thanh Vân (born 1984), actor and television host
Phan Thị Hà Thanh (born 1991), artistic gymnast, first gymnast to win a world medal for Vietnam gymnastics (2011)
Thu Phương (born 1972), pop singer and Haiphong native; now lives in the U.S.

Twin towns

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Template:Flagicon Da Nang, Vietnam^[31]
Template:Flagicon Incheon, South Korea^[32]
Template:Flagicon Kitakyushu, Japan^[33]
Template:Flagicon Livorno, Italy^[34]
Template:Flagicon Nanning, China^[35]
Template:Flagicon Saint Petersburg, Russia^[36]
Template:Flagicon Seattle, United States^[37]
Template:Flagicon Tianjin, China^[38]
Template:Flagicon Gödöllő, Hungary

Gallery

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File:Container Ship at the Hai Phong International Container Terminal 03.jpg

Container ship at the Hai Phong International Container Terminal 03

References

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↑ Vietnam by Spencer C. Tucker, page 47. "On 23 November DebeS delivered an ultimatum to the Vietnamese at Haiphong, ordering them to withdraw from the French section of the city, the Chinese quarter, and the port. He gave them only two hours to reply. When the time was up the French subjected the Vietnamese positions to air, land, and sea bombardment, the bulk of the firepower coming from the three- and eight-inch guns of the French Navy Cruiser Suffren. Only military targets were destroyed and not the Vietnamese quarter as some have claimed. Estimates of the number killed in the shelling and ensuing panic vary widely. Casualties up to 20,000 have been cited. French Admiral Battet later said that no more than 6,000 Vietnamese had died, but in 1981 Vu Quoc Uy, then chairman of the Haiphong municipal committee, told Stanley Karnow that the figure was only 500 to 1,000 dead. Others have put the figure as low as 200".
↑ Template:In lang Maurice Vaïsse, L'Armée française dans la guerre d'Indochine (1946–1954) : Adaptation ou inadaptation, 2000, p. 276
↑ Plon, Le General de Gaulle et l'Indochine 1940–1946, page 210. "In connection with the naval bombardment, let us note that only the ships of small tonnage could go up the river of Haiphong. On November 23, two colonial sloops supported for the first time the French troops with their artillery to a limited effect: the Chevreuil with its double turret, with its two pairs of 100mm, Savorgnan de Brazza with its four turrets each of one 138mm. No battleship was present. On November 27 on that the evening, the cruiser Suffren was in the Bay d' Along, its tidal water prohibiting it access of the Cua Cam. It transported troops in reinforcement..."
↑ Phillippe Devillers, Histoire du Viêt-Nam de 1940 à 1952. Editions du Seuil, Paris. Third edition,1952, pp. 331–340
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↑ Forbes, Andrew, and Henley, David: Vietnam Past and Present: The North (History and culture of Hanoi and Tonkin). Chiang Mai. Cognoscenti Books, 2012. ASIN: B006DCCM9Q.
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↑ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g General Statistics Office (2009): Socio-economic Statistical Data of 63 Provinces and Cities, Vietnam. Statistical Publishing House, Hanoi
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Notes

Template:Notelist

External links

Template:Wikivoyage Template:Sister project

Official Website of Haiphong City
Official Website of Haiphong Tourism.
History of Haiphong: interactive Google Map with specific sites and historic views of the city from French colonial times.

Template:Geographic location

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[8] Vietnam by Spencer C. Tucker, page 47. "On 23 November DebeS delivered an ultimatum to the Vietnamese at Haiphong, ordering them to withdraw from the French section of the city, the Chinese quarter, and the port. He gave them only two hours to reply. When the time was up the French subjected the Vietnamese positions to air, land, and sea bombardment, the bulk of the firepower coming from the three- and eight-inch guns of the French Navy Cruiser Suffren. Only military targets were destroyed and not the Vietnamese quarter as some have claimed. Estimates of the number killed in the shelling and ensuing panic vary widely. Casualties up to 20,000 have been cited. French Admiral Battet later said that no more than 6,000 Vietnamese had died, but in 1981 Vu Quoc Uy, then chairman of the Haiphong municipal committee, told Stanley Karnow that the figure was only 500 to 1,000 dead. Others have put the figure as low as 200".

[9] Template:In lang Maurice Vaïsse, L'Armée française dans la guerre d'Indochine (1946–1954) : Adaptation ou inadaptation, 2000, p. 276

[10] Plon, Le General de Gaulle et l'Indochine 1940–1946, page 210. "In connection with the naval bombardment, let us note that only the ships of small tonnage could go up the river of Haiphong. On November 23, two colonial sloops supported for the first time the French troops with their artillery to a limited effect: the Chevreuil with its double turret, with its two pairs of 100mm, Savorgnan de Brazza with its four turrets each of one 138mm. No battleship was present. On November 27 on that the evening, the cruiser Suffren was in the Bay d' Along, its tidal water prohibiting it access of the Cua Cam. It transported troops in reinforcement..."

[11] Phillippe Devillers, Histoire du Viêt-Nam de 1940 à 1952. Editions du Seuil, Paris. Third edition,1952, pp. 331–340

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[13] Forbes, Andrew, and Henley, David: Vietnam Past and Present: The North (History and culture of Hanoi and Tonkin). Chiang Mai. Cognoscenti Books, 2012. ASIN: B006DCCM9Q.

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[GSO09-25] ↑ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g General Statistics Office (2009): Socio-economic Statistical Data of 63 Provinces and Cities, Vietnam. Statistical Publishing House, Hanoi

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@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
-{{Outdated|date=June 2025}}
 {{short description|Municipality in Vietnam}}
+{{Update|date=June 2025}}
 {{Infobox settlement
 <!--See Template:Infobox Settlement for additional fields that may be available-->
@@ Line 14: / Line 14: @@
 | total_width = 280
 | image_style = border:1;
-| perrow = 1/2/2
+| perrow = 1/2/1/2/1
-| image1 = Hải Phòng City.jpg
+| image1 = Sông Cấm Hải Phòng Về Đêm năm 2025.jpg
 | image2 = Statue of Madam Lê-Chân in Haiphong City (1).jpg
-| image3 =
+| image3 = Chùa Vẽ Terminal, Port of Hải Phòng.JPG
-| image4 = Chùa Vẽ Terminal, Port of Hải Phòng.JPG
+| image4 = Hải Phòng City.jpg
-| image5 = Khu du lịch Đồ Sơn, Đồ Sơn, Hải Phòng, Vietnam - panoramio.jpg
+| image5 = Haiphong Opera House.jpg
+| image6 = Bưu điện thành phố - Hải Phòng.jpg
+| image7 = Khu du lịch Đồ Sơn, Đồ Sơn, Hải Phòng, Vietnam - panoramio.jpg
 }}
-| image_caption      = '''From top, left to right: '''Downtown Haiphong, Haiphong seen from [[Haiphong Opera House]], Lê Chân statue, [[Nguyen Binh Khiem overpass]], [[Hai Phong Port]], [[Đồ Sơn]]
+| image_caption      = '''From top, left to right: '''Haiphong skyline on [[Cấm River]], Lê Chân statue at Haiphong City Exhibition House, Chùa Vẽ Terminal of [[Haiphong Port]], Nguyễn Bỉnh Khiêm crossroad on Lê Hồng Phong Blvd, [[Haiphong Opera House]], Haiphong Central Post, [[Đồ Sơn]] Beach
 | image_shield       =
 | nickname           = [[delonix regia|Flamboyant]] City (Thành phố hoa phượng đỏ)
 <!-- images and maps  ----------->| image_map          = {{maplink|frame=yes|plain=yes|type=shape|frame-width=280|frame-align=center|stroke-width=2|stroke-color=#000000}}
-| image_map1         = Hai Phong in Vietnam.svg
+| image_map1         = Hai Phong in Viet Nam.svg
 | mapsize1           = 250px
 | map_caption1       = Provincial location in Vietnam
 | pushpin_map        = <!-- the name of a location map as per http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:Location_map -->
-<!-- Location ------------------>| pushpin_map_caption = Location of in Vietnam
+<!-- Location ------------------>| pushpin_map_caption = Location of Haiphong in Vietnam
 | coordinates        = {{coord|20|51|54.5|N|106|41|01.8|E|region:VN|display=inline}}
 | subdivision_type   = [[List of sovereign states|Country]]
@@ Line 42: / Line 44: @@
 | governing_body     = Haiphong People's Council
 | parts_type         = [[List of districts of Vietnam|Subdivision]]
-| parts              = 8 urban districts, 1 municipal city, 6 rural districts
+| parts              = 45 wards, 67 communes, 2 special zones
-| leader_title1      = Secretary of the [[Communist Party of Vietnam|Party]]
+| leader_title1      = Secretary of the City Party Committee
 | leader_name1       = Lê Tiến Châu
-| leader_title2      = Chairman of People's Council
+| leader_title2      = Chairman of City People's Council
-| leader_name2       = Phuong Giang Hồ
+| leader_name2       = Lê Văn Hiệu
-| leader_title3      = Chairman of People's Committee
+| leader_title3      = Chairman of City People's Committee
-| leader_name3       = Nguyễn Văn Tùng
+| leader_name3       = Lê Ngọc Châu
-| area_footnotes     = <ref name="area_2022">{{Cite act|date=18 October 2023|type=Decision|index=3048/QĐ-BTNMT|legislature=[[Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment (Vietnam)]]|title=Biểu số 4.2: Hiện trạng sử dụng đất vùng Đồng Bằng Sông Hồng năm 2022|trans-title=Table 4.2: Current land use status in the Red River Delta in 2022|language=vi|url=https://monre.gov.vn/VanBan/Lists/VanBanChiDao/Attachments/3012/b4.2_Signed.pdf}} – the data in the report are in hectares, rounded to integers</ref>
+| area_footnotes     = <ref name="area_2022">{{Cite act|date=18 October 2023|type=Decision|index=3048/QĐ-BTNMT|legislature=[[Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment (Vietnam)]]|title=Biểu số 4.2: Hiện trạng sử dụng đất vùng Đồng Bằng Sông Hồng năm 2022|trans-title=Table 4.2: Current land use status in the Red River Delta in 2022|language=vi|url=https://monre.gov.vn/VanBan/Lists/VanBanChiDao/Attachments/3012/b4.2_Signed.pdf}} – the data in the report are in hectares, rounded to integers</ref><ref name="202/2025/QH15" />
-| area_total_km2     = 1526.52
+| area_total_km2     = 3,194.72
 | area_land_km2      = <!--See table @ Template:Infobox Settlement for details on unit conversion-->
 | area_water_km2     = <!-- Elevation -------------------------->
@@ Line 57: / Line 59: @@
 | elevation_max_m    =
 | elevation_min_m    = <!-- Population   ----------------------->
-| population_footnotes = <ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-11-17 |title=Hơn 2.200 tỉ đồng xây dựng đê biển Nam Đình Vũ, Hải Phòng |url=https://tuoitre.vn/hon-2-200-ti-dong-xay-dung-de-bien-nam-dinh-vu-hai-phong-20221117160539958.htm |access-date=2024-01-09 |website=TUOI TRE ONLINE |language=vi}}</ref><ref name=yearbook>{{cite book | author = [[General Statistics Office of Vietnam]]  | year = 2023  | url = https://www.gso.gov.vn/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/Sach-Nien-giam-TK-2022-final.pdf | title = Niên giám Thống kê Việt Nam năm 2022 | trans-title= Statistical Yearbook of Vietnam 2022 | publisher = Statistical Publishing House (Vietnam)  | access-date = 2024-04-03 | archive-date = 2024-04-03 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20240403124007/https://www.gso.gov.vn/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/Sach-Nien-giam-TK-2022-final.pdf|url-status=live| page=105 }}</ref>
+| population_footnotes = <ref name="202/2025/QH15" /><ref name=yearbook>{{cite book | author = [[General Statistics Office of Vietnam]]  | year = 2023  | url = https://www.gso.gov.vn/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/Sach-Nien-giam-TK-2022-final.pdf | title = Niên giám Thống kê Việt Nam năm 2022 | trans-title= Statistical Yearbook of Vietnam 2022 | publisher = Statistical Publishing House (Vietnam)  | access-date = 2024-04-03 | archive-date = 2024-04-03 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20240403124007/https://www.gso.gov.vn/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/Sach-Nien-giam-TK-2022-final.pdf|url-status=live| page=105 }}</ref>
-| population_total   = 2,625,200
+| population_total   = 4,664,124
-| population_urban   = 1,532,079
+| population_urban   = 2,346,921
-| population_as_of   = 2024
+| population_as_of   = 2025
-| population_density_km2 = auto
+| population_density_km2 = 1,459
 | demographics_type1 = [[List of ethnic groups in Vietnam|Ethnic groups]]
 | demographics1_footnotes = <ref name=census>{{cite book | author = [[General Statistics Office of Vietnam]] | year = 2019 | url = https://www.gso.gov.vn/wp-content/uploads/2019/12/Ket-qua-toan-bo-Tong-dieu-tra-dan-so-va-nha-o-2019.pdf | title = "Completed Results of the 2019 Viet Nam Population and Housing Census" | publisher = Statistical Publishing House (Vietnam) | isbn= 978-604-75-1532-5}}</ref>
@@ Line 76: / Line 78: @@
 | demographics2_title3 = Per capita
 | demographics2_info3 = $20,300
-<!-- End GDP --------------->
+<!-- End GDP --------------->| blank3_name        = [[Human Development Index|HDI]] (2022)
-| blank3_name        = [[Human Development Index|HDI]] (2022)
 | blank3_info        = {{increase}} 0.807<ref>{{Cite web |title=Human Development Index by province(*) by Cities, provincies and Year |url=https://www.gso.gov.vn/en/px-web/?pxid=E1438&theme=Health%2C%20Culture%2C%20Sport%20and%20Living%20standard |access-date=September 28, 2024 |website=[[General Statistics Office of Vietnam]]}}</ref><br />([[List of administrative divisions of Vietnam by Human Development Index|4th]])
 | timezone           = [[Indochina Time|ICT]]
@@ Line 85: / Line 86: @@
 | area_code          = 225
 | area_code_type     = [[Telephone numbers in Vietnam|Area codes]]
+| iso_code           = [[ISO 3166-2:VN|VN-HP]]
 | registration_plate_type = [[Vehicle registration plates of Vietnam|License plate]]
 | registration_plate = 15, 16
@@ Line 96: / Line 98: @@
 }}
-'''Haiphong''' or '''Hai Phong''' ({{langx|vi|Hải Phòng}}, {{IPA|vi|haːj3 fawŋ͡m2}}) is the third-largest city in [[Vietnam]] and is the principal [[port city]] of the [[Red River Delta]].<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.deepc.vn/en/about-vietnam/about-haiphong-lach-huyen-deep-sea-port |title=DEEP C - Living and Working in Vietnam |access-date=2020-06-22 |archive-date=2020-06-25 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200625190757/https://www.deepc.vn/en/about-vietnam/about-haiphong-lach-huyen-deep-sea-port |url-status=dead }}</ref> The municipality has an area of {{convert|1526.52|km2|mi2|abbr=on}},<ref name="area_2022"/> consisting of 8 [[List of urban districts of Vietnam|urban districts]], 6 [[Huyện|rural districts]] and 1 [[municipal city]] (sub-city). Two of the rural districts cover islands in the [[South China Sea]]: [[Bạch Long Vĩ District|Bạch Long Vĩ]] and [[Cát Hải District|Cát Hải]]. It has a population of 2,130,898 in 2023.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Hưởng ứng ngày Dân số Việt Nam: Hải Phòng hoàn thành vượt mức các chỉ tiêu Trung ương và thành phố giao |url=https://giadinh.suckhoedoisong.vn/huong-ung-ngay-dan-so-viet-nam-hai-phong-hoan-thanh-vuot-muc-cac-chi-tieu-trung-uong-va-thanh-pho-giao-172231226125333913.htm |access-date=2024-10-27 |website=giadinh.suckhoedoisong.vn |language=vi}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Đẩy mạnh các hoạt động nâng cao chất lượng dân số |url=http://anhp.vn/huong-ung-thang-hanh-dong-quoc-gia-ve-dan-so-va-ngay-dan-so-viet-nam-2612-day-manh-cac-hoat-dong-nang-cao-chat-luong-dan-so-d57556.html |access-date=2024-10-27 |website=anhp.vn |language=vi}}</ref> The city's economy has strength in manufacturing, as evidenced by large industrial parks and numerous smaller traditional [[handicraft]] villages. Historically, Haiphong was the first place in Vietnam and [[Mainland Southeast Asia]] to get [[electricity]].
+'''Haiphong''' or '''Hai Phong''' ({{langx|vi|Hải Phòng}}, {{IPA|vi|hǎːj fɔ̀ŋ͡m|pron|Hai Phong.ogg}}) is the third-largest city in [[Vietnam]] and is the principal [[port city]] of the [[Red River Delta]].<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.deepc.vn/en/about-vietnam/about-haiphong-lach-huyen-deep-sea-port |title=DEEP C - Living and Working in Vietnam |access-date=2020-06-22 |archive-date=2020-06-25 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200625190757/https://www.deepc.vn/en/about-vietnam/about-haiphong-lach-huyen-deep-sea-port |url-status=dead }}</ref> The municipality has an area of {{convert|1526.52|km2|mi2|abbr=on}}.<ref name="area_2022"/> The city includes [[Bạch Long Vĩ]] and [[Cát Hải]] islands in the [[Gulf of Tonkin]]. It has a population of 2,130,898 in 2023.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Hưởng ứng ngày Dân số Việt Nam: Hải Phòng hoàn thành vượt mức các chỉ tiêu Trung ương và thành phố giao|url=https://giadinh.suckhoedoisong.vn/huong-ung-ngay-dan-so-viet-nam-hai-phong-hoan-thanh-vuot-muc-cac-chi-tieu-trung-uong-va-thanh-pho-giao-172231226125333913.htm|website=giadinh.suckhoedoisong.vn|access-date=2025-11-28|language=vi|trans-title=Hải Phòng Responds to Vietnam Population Day: City Exceeds Central and Municipal Targets}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Đẩy mạnh các hoạt động nâng cao chất lượng dân số|url=http://anhp.vn/huong-ung-thang-hanh-dong-quoc-gia-ve-dan-so-va-ngay-dan-so-viet-nam-2612-day-manh-cac-hoat-dong-nang-cao-chat-luong-dan-so-d57556.html|access-date=2024-10-27|website=anhp.vn|language=vi|trans-title=Promoting Activities to Improve Population Quality}}</ref> The city's economy has strength in manufacturing, as evidenced by large industrial parks and numerous smaller traditional [[handicraft]] villages. Historically, Haiphong was the first place in Vietnam and [[Mainland Southeast Asia]] to get [[electricity]].
-In the imperial era of [[Đại Việt]], the [[Bạch Đằng River]] in Haiphong was a place of many legendary victories, led by now-legendary commanders [[Ngô Quyền]] and [[Trần Hưng Đạo]]. In the 16th century, [[Mạc dynasty]] promoted the coastal settlement as a secondary capital, growing to become an important port town of [[Đàng Ngoài]]. After the [[French conquest of Vietnam]], in 1888, the president of the [[French Third Republic]], [[Marie François Sadi Carnot|Sadi Carnot]], promulgated a decree to establish Haiphong as one of the principal cities of [[French Indochina]]. From 1954 to 1975, Haiphong served as the most important maritime city of [[North Vietnam]]. It was one of the directly controlled municipalities of a reunified Vietnam with [[Hanoi]] and [[Ho Chi Minh City]] in 1976. In the 21st century, Haiphong is under active [[land reclamation]], the most recent effort being the construction of [[South Đình Vũ dike]] in 2022.
+In the imperial era of [[Đại Việt]], the [[Bạch Đằng River]] in Haiphong was a place of many legendary victories, led by now-legendary commanders [[Ngô Quyền]] and [[Trần Hưng Đạo]]. In the 16th century, [[Mạc dynasty]] promoted the coastal settlement as a secondary capital, growing to become an important port town of [[Đàng Ngoài]]. After the [[French conquest of Vietnam]], in 1888, the president of the [[French Third Republic]], [[Marie François Sadi Carnot|Sadi Carnot]], promulgated a decree to establish Haiphong as one of the principal cities of [[French Indochina]]. From 1954 to 1975, Haiphong served as the most important maritime city of [[North Vietnam]]. It was one of the directly controlled municipalities of a reunified Vietnam with [[Hanoi]] and [[Ho Chi Minh City]] in 1976.
-Haiphong is a popular seaside vacation spot and known for biological reserves in [[Cát Bà Island]]. For its extensive port, the city hosts the headquarters of the [[Vietnam People's Navy]]. [[Royal poinciana]] are commonly associated with Haiphong in Vietnamese culture.
+Haiphong is a popular seaside vacation spot and known for biological reserves in [[Cát Bà Island]]. For its extensive port, the city hosts the headquarters of the [[Vietnam People's Navy]]. [[Royal poinciana]] are commonly associated with Haiphong in [[Vietnamese culture]].
 ==History==
 ===Dynastic Vietnam===
-Modern-day Haiphong was the home of Lê Chân, one of the female generals under the command of the [[Trưng Sisters]] who rose against Chinese domination in 40 AD and ruled until their defeat in 43 AD. Lê Chân was known to have established the ''Hải tần Phòng thủ'' (“Defenced Sea-coast”) during the war against general [[Ma Yuan (Han dynasty)|Ma Yuan]] of the [[Han dynasty]].<ref>{{cite web | url=http://anhp.vn/nu-tuong-le-chan--va-dau-an-hai-tan-phong-thu-d24921.html | title=Nữ tướng Lê Chân và dấu ấn Hải Tần Phòng Thủ }}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url=https://haiphong.gov.vn/tin-tuc-su-kien/Chuong-trinh-FamtripHai-tan-Phong-thu---Goc-nhin-moi-tiep-tuc-gioi-thieu-nhieu-dia-danh-lich-su-va-am-thuc-Hai-Phong-87096.html | title=Chương trình Famtrip"Hải tần Phòng thủ - Góc nhìn mới" tiếp tục giới thiệu nhiều địa danh lịch sử và ẩm thực Hải Phòng &#124; Cổng Thông tin điện tử thành phố Hải phòng }}</ref>
+Modern-day Haiphong was the home of Lê Chân, one of the female generals under the command of the [[Trưng Sisters]] who rose against Chinese domination in 40 AD and ruled until their defeat in 43 AD. Lê Chân was known to have established the ''Hải tần Phòng thủ'' (“Defenced Sea-coast”) during the war against general [[Ma Yuan (Han dynasty)|Ma Yuan]] of the [[Han dynasty]].<ref>{{Cite web|title=Nữ tướng Lê Chân và dấu ấn Hải Tần Phòng Thủ|url=https://anhp.vn/nu-tuong-le-chan--va-dau-an-hai-tan-phong-thu-d24921.html|website=anhp.vn|access-date=2025-11-28|trans-title=General Lê Chân and the Mark of the Hải Tần Defense}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|title=Chương trình Famtrip“Hải tần Phòng thủ - Góc nhìn mới” tiếp tục giới thiệu nhiều địa danh lịch sử và ẩm thực Hải Phòng {{!}} Cổng Thông tin điện tử thành phố Hải phòng|url=https://haiphong.gov.vn/tin-tuc-su-kien/Chuong-trinh-FamtripHai-tan-Phong-thu---Goc-nhin-moi-tiep-tuc-gioi-thieu-nhieu-dia-danh-lich-su-va-am-thuc-Hai-Phong-87096.html|access-date=2025-11-28|archive-url=http://web.archive.org/web/20230719232848/https://haiphong.gov.vn/tin-tuc-su-kien/Chuong-trinh-FamtripHai-tan-Phong-thu---Goc-nhin-moi-tiep-tuc-gioi-thieu-nhieu-dia-danh-lich-su-va-am-thuc-Hai-Phong-87096.html|archive-date=2023-07-19}}</ref> Centuries later under the reign of [[Nguyễn dynasty|Nguyễn]] Emperor [[Tự Đức]], the area earned the appellation: '''''Hải'''-Dương thương-chính quan-'''phòng''''' ("The trading defensive area of [[Hải Dương Province]]").
-Centuries later under the reign of [[Nguyễn dynasty|Nguyễn]] Emperor [[Tự Đức]], the area earned the appellation: '''''Hải'''-Dương thương-chính quan-'''phòng''''' ("The trading defensive area of [[Hải Dương Province]]").
 [[File:Rue chinoise, Haiphong, Tonkin.jpg|thumb|left|A street in the late 19th century]]
-By the 19th century, at the end of Tự Đức's reign, the [[Hang Kenh|Hang Kenh Communal House]] in what is now the city's [[Le Chan District]] was made the administrative seat of [[An Dương District]], restoring its regional importance.<ref name="hphtourism-culture">[http://www.haiphongtourism.gov.vn/about-hai-phong/haiphongs-culture/a.html Haiphong's Culture] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170629061433/http://www.haiphongtourism.gov.vn/about-hai-phong/haiphongs-culture/a.html |date=2017-06-29 }}. HaiphongTourism.gov.vn</ref> The area by then had developed into a sizable commercial port.
+By the 19th century, at the end of Tự Đức's reign, the [[Hang Kenh|Hang Kenh Communal House]] in what is now the city's [[Le Chan District]] was made the administrative seat of [[An Dương District]], restoring its regional importance.<ref name="hphtourism-culture">{{Cite web|title=About Hai Phong|url=http://www.haiphongtourism.gov.vn/about-hai-phong/haiphongs-culture/a.html|website=www.haiphongtourism.gov.vn|access-date=2025-11-28|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170629061433/http://www.haiphongtourism.gov.vn/about-hai-phong/haiphongs-culture/a.html|archive-date=2017-06-29}}</ref> The area by then had developed into a sizable commercial port.
 At the eve of the French conquest in 1881, a [[1881 Haiphong typhoon|typhoon]] ravaged the area, killing about 3,000 people in and around Haiphong. Despite the damages, Haiphong was developed by the French to serve as [[French Indochina|Indochina]]'s main naval base over the ensuing decades.
@@ Line 118: / Line 119: @@
 Following the defeat of [[Empire of Japan|Japan]] in [[World War II]], Vietnamese nationalists agitated for independence against French return. French forces landed in Haiphong and encountered resistance which resulted in the deaths of three French soldiers. In retaliation, the French ships, among them the cruiser [[French cruiser Suffren|''Suffren'']], [[Haiphong incident|shelled the city]], setting it ablaze<ref>''Vietnam'' by [[Spencer C. Tucker]], page 47. "On 23 November DebeS delivered an ultimatum to the Vietnamese at Haiphong, ordering them to withdraw from the French section of the city, the Chinese quarter, and the port. He gave them only two hours to reply. When the time was up the French subjected the Vietnamese positions to air, land, and sea bombardment, the bulk of the firepower coming from the three- and eight-inch guns of the French Navy Cruiser Suffren. Only military targets were destroyed and not the Vietnamese quarter as some have claimed. Estimates of the number killed in the shelling and ensuing panic vary widely. Casualties up to 20,000 have been cited. French Admiral Battet later said that no more than 6,000 Vietnamese had died, but in 1981 [[Vũ Quốc Uy|Vu Quoc Uy]], then chairman of the Haiphong municipal committee, told Stanley Karnow that the figure was only 500 to 1,000 dead. Others have put the figure as low as 200".</ref> and precipitating the [[First Indochina War]].<ref>{{in lang|fr}} Maurice Vaïsse, ''L'Armée française dans la guerre d'Indochine (1946–1954) : Adaptation ou inadaptation'', 2000, p. 276</ref><ref>Plon, ''Le General de Gaulle et l'Indochine 1940–1946'', page 210. "In connection with the naval bombardment, let us note that only the ships of small tonnage could go up the river of Haiphong. On November 23, two colonial sloops supported for the first time the French troops with their artillery to a limited effect: the Chevreuil with its double turret, with its two pairs of 100mm, Savorgnan de Brazza with its four turrets each of one 138mm. No battleship was present. On November 27 on that the evening, the cruiser Suffren was in the Bay d' Along, its tidal water prohibiting it access of the Cua Cam. It transported troops in reinforcement..."</ref> French infantry forces under the command of [[Jean-Étienne Valluy]] entered the city, fighting [[house-to-house fighting|house to house]] with the support of armored units and airplanes.<ref>Phillippe Devillers, ''Histoire du Viêt-Nam de 1940 à 1952''. Editions du Seuil, Paris. Third edition,1952, pp. 331–340</ref>
-Late in the [[Vietnam War]], Haiphong was subjected to heavy bombing by [[US Navy]] and [[US Air Force|Air Force]] [[strike aircraft]] because it was [[North Vietnam]]'s only major port. U.S. Admiral [[Thomas Moorer|Thomas H. Moorer]] ordered the [[Operation Pocket Money|mining of Haiphong harbor]] on 8 May 1972, effectively sealing the port. Until it was lifted, the mining caused no casualty.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://openvault.wgbh.org/catalog/vietnam-59ce8c-interview-with-thomas-h-moorer-1981|title=Vietnam: A Television History; Interview with Thomas H. Moorer, 1981|website=openvault.wgbh.org|access-date=19 March 2018|archive-date=4 March 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304000402/http://openvault.wgbh.org/catalog/vietnam-59ce8c-interview-with-thomas-h-moorer-1981|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>Forbes, Andrew, and Henley, David: ''Vietnam Past and Present: The North'' (History and culture of Hanoi and Tonkin). Chiang Mai. Cognoscenti Books, 2012. ASIN: B006DCCM9Q.</ref> Despite being targeted, the physical structure of the city was mostly unaffected by the war as the US had a self-imposed prohibition zone for the city. After the war, the city recovered its role as a significant industrial center.<ref name="hphtourism-culture" />
+Late in the [[Vietnam War]], Haiphong was subjected to heavy bombing by [[US Navy]] and [[US Air Force|Air Force]] [[strike aircraft]] because it was [[North Vietnam]]'s only major port. U.S. Admiral [[Thomas Moorer|Thomas H. Moorer]] ordered the [[Operation Pocket Money|mining of Haiphong harbor]] on 8 May 1972, effectively sealing the port. Until it was lifted, the mining caused no casualty.<ref>{{Cite web|title=WGBH Open Vault - Interview with Thomas H. Moorer, 1981|url=http://openvault.wgbh.org/catalog/vietnam-59ce8c-interview-with-thomas-h-moorer-1981|website=openvault.wgbh.org|access-date=2025-11-28|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304000402/http://openvault.wgbh.org/catalog/vietnam-59ce8c-interview-with-thomas-h-moorer-1981|archive-date=2016-03-04|language=en}}</ref><ref>Forbes, Andrew, and Henley, David: ''Vietnam Past and Present: The North'' (History and culture of Hanoi and Tonkin). Chiang Mai. Cognoscenti Books, 2012. ASIN: B006DCCM9Q.</ref> Despite being targeted, the physical structure of the city was mostly unaffected by the war as the US had a self-imposed prohibition zone for the city. After the war, the city recovered its role as a significant industrial center.<ref name="hphtourism-culture" />
 ===21st century===
-On 20 February 2025 the Vietnamese parliament approved an $8 billion railroad investment to upgrade under [[Xi Jinping]]'s [[Belt and road initiative]] the old French-built [[Kunming–Haiphong railway]], which serves the Chinese border city [[Hekou Yao]], [[Lao Cai]], [[Hanoi]] and Haiphong.<ref name="ya1">{{cite news |date=20 February 2025 |publisher=Yahoo |agency=AFP |url=https://www.yahoo.com/news/vietnam-parliament-approves-8-billion-031216133.html |title=Vietnam parliament approves $8 billion rail link to China }}</ref>
+On 20 February 2025 the Vietnamese parliament approved an $8 billion railroad investment to upgrade under [[Xi Jinping]]'s [[Belt and road initiative]] the old French-built [[Kunming–Haiphong railway]], which serves the Chinese border city [[Hekou Yao]], [[Lao Cai]], [[Hanoi]] and Haiphong.<ref>{{Cite news|title=Vietnam parliament approves $8 billion rail link to China|url=https://www.yahoo.com/news/vietnam-parliament-approves-8-billion-031216133.html|work=Yahoo News|access-date=2025-11-28|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250221075423/https://www.yahoo.com/news/vietnam-parliament-approves-8-billion-031216133.html|archive-date=2025-02-21|language=en-US}}</ref>
+On 12 June 2025, the National Assembly issued Resolution No. 202/2025/QH15<ref name="202/2025/QH15">{{cite web |url=https://quochoi.vn/tintuc/Pages/tin-hoat-dong-cua-quoc-hoi.aspx?ItemID=94532 |title=Nghị quyết số 202/2025/QH15 về việc sắp xếp đơn vị hành chính cấp tỉnh |trans-title=Resolution No. 202/2025/QH15 on the arrangement of provincial-level administrative units |date=2025-06-12 |website=National Assembly of Vietnam Portal |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250612150244/https://quochoi.vn/tintuc/Pages/tin-hoat-dong-cua-quoc-hoi.aspx?ItemID=94532 |archive-date=2025-06-12 |access-date=2025-06-12 |url-status=live}}</ref> on the arrangement of provincial-level administrative units (the resolution took effect on June 12, 2025). Accordingly, [[Hải Dương Province]] was merged into Hai Phong City.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Tống Thoan |date=10 June 2025 |title=Sáp nhập Hải Phòng và Hải Dương: Mở rộng không gian phát triển, phát huy vai trò dẫn dắt của các vùng động lực |trans-title=Merging Hải Phòng and Hải Dương: Expanding Development Space and Enhancing the Leading Role of Key Economic Regions |url=https://baoquocte.vn/sap-nhap-hai-phong-va-hai-duong-mo-rong-khong-gian-phat-trien-phat-huy-vai-tro-dan-dat-cua-cac-vung-dong-luc-317169.html |access-date=17 November 2025 |website=Báo Quốc Tế |language=vi}}</ref>
 ==Geography==
-Haiphong is a coastal city located at the mouth of the [[Cấm River (Vietnam)|Cấm River]], in Vietnam's north-eastern coastal area, {{convert|120|km|mi|0|disp=or}} east of [[Hanoi]]. The [[Bính Bridge]] crosses the Cam and connects the city with [[Thủy Nguyên District]]. It has a total natural area of {{convert|152,318.49|ha|acre|0|disp=or}} (2001). It borders [[Quảng Ninh Province]] to the north, [[Hải Dương Province]] to the west, [[Thái Bình Province]] to the south, and the [[Gulf of Tonkin]] to the east. [[Bach Long Vi]] island, [[Cat Ba Island]] and the Long Châu islands, located in the Gulf, are also administered as part of the city. Tidal flat ecosystems occur adjacent to the city, however, many have been reclaimed for agriculture or development purposes.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Murray |first1=N.J. |last2=Clemens |first2=R.S. |last3=Phinn |first3=S.R. |last4=Possingham |first4=H.P. |last5=Fuller |first5=R.A. |title=Tracking the rapid loss of tidal wetlands in the Yellow Sea |journal=Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment |date=2014 |volume=12 |issue=5 |pages=267–272 |doi=10.1890/130260|bibcode=2014FrEE...12..267M |url=https://researchonline.jcu.edu.au/60169/1/130260.pdf }}</ref>
+Haiphong is a coastal city located at the mouth of the [[Cấm River (Vietnam)|Cấm River]], in Vietnam's north-eastern coastal area, {{convert|120|km|mi|0|disp=or}} east of [[Hanoi]]. The [[Bính Bridge]] crosses the Cam and connects the city with [[Thủy Nguyên District]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=26 February 2025 |title=Vị trí địa lý thành phố Hải Phòng |trans-title=The Geographical Location of Hai Phong City” |url=https://haiphong.gov.vn/thanh-pho-hai-phong/vi-tri-dia-ly-thanh-pho-hai-phong-735560#:~:text=(Haiphong.gov.vn),%E2%80%B239%E2%80%B3%20kinh%20%C4%91%E1%BB%99%20%C4%90%C3%B4ng. |access-date=24 November 2025 |website=Cổng thông tin điện tử Thành phố Hải Phòng |language=vi}}</ref> It has a total natural area of {{convert|152,318.49|ha|acre|0|disp=or}} (2001). It borders [[Quảng Ninh Province]] to the north, [[Hải Dương Province]] to the west, [[Thái Bình Province]] to the south, and the [[Gulf of Tonkin]] to the east. [[Bach Long Vi]] island, [[Cat Ba Island]] and the Long Châu islands, located in the Gulf, are also administered as part of the city. Tidal flat ecosystems occur adjacent to the city, however, many have been reclaimed for agriculture or development purposes.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Murray |first1=N.J. |last2=Clemens |first2=R.S. |last3=Phinn |first3=S.R. |last4=Possingham |first4=H.P. |last5=Fuller |first5=R.A. |title=Tracking the rapid loss of tidal wetlands in the Yellow Sea |journal=Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment |date=2014 |volume=12 |issue=5 |pages=267–272 |doi=10.1890/130260|bibcode=2014FrEE...12..267M |url=https://researchonline.jcu.edu.au/60169/1/130260.pdf }}</ref>
 ===Climate===
-Haiphong features a [[humid subtropical climate]] (Koppen: Cwa) with hot, humid summers and warm, dry winters. The city is noticeably wetter from April through October; roughly 90% of the city's annual rainfall (which totals approximately {{convert|1700|mm|in|0|disp=or}}) typically falls during these months. There is a noticeable difference in temperatures between the city's winters and summers. Haiphong's coolest months, January and February, sees average high temperatures reach {{convert|20|C|F}} and average low temperatures at around {{convert|14|C|F|1}}. Its warmest months, June and July, sees average high temperatures hover around {{convert|33|C|F|1}} and average low temperatures at around {{convert|26|C|F|1}}. Sea temperatures range from a low of {{convert|21|°C|°F|abbr=on}} in February to a high of {{convert|30|°C|°F|abbr=on}} during the months of July and August.<ref name="WCG">[http://www.worldclimateguide.co.uk/climateguides/vietnam/haiphong.php Haiphong Climate Guide], Retrieved 9 August 2012.</ref>
+Haiphong features a [[humid subtropical climate]] (Koppen: Cwa) with hot, humid summers and warm, dry winters. The city is noticeably wetter from April through October; roughly 90% of the city's annual rainfall (which totals approximately {{convert|1700|mm|in|0|disp=or}}) typically falls during these months. There is a noticeable difference in temperatures between the city's winters and summers. Haiphong's coolest months, January and February, sees average high temperatures reach {{convert|20|C|F}} and average low temperatures at around {{convert|14|C|F|1}}. Its warmest months, June and July, sees average high temperatures hover around {{convert|33|C|F|1}} and average low temperatures at around {{convert|26|C|F|1}}. Sea temperatures range from a low of {{convert|21|°C|°F|abbr=on}} in February to a high of {{convert|30|°C|°F|abbr=on}} during the months of July and August.<ref name="WCG">{{Cite web|title=Haiphong Climate Guide, Vietnam|url=http://www.worldclimateguide.co.uk/guides/vietnam/haiphong/|website=WorldWeatherGuide.co.uk|access-date=2025-11-28|language=en}}</ref>
 {{Weather box
 |width = auto
@@ Line 291: / Line 294: @@
 ==Administration==
-[[File:BẢN ĐỒ HÀNH CHÍNH HẢI PHÒNG.png|thumb|Political sivisions of Hai Phong]]
-Haiphong is subdivided into 15 district-level sub-divisions:
+Hai Phong is subdivided into 45 [[Ward (Vietnam)|wards]], 67 [[Commune (Vietnam)|communes]] and 2 [[Special zone (Vietnam)|special zones]] ([[Bạch Long Vĩ]] and [[Cát Hải]]).
+[[File:BẢN ĐỒ HÀNH CHÍNH HẢI PHÒNG.png|thumb|Administrative divisions of Hai Phong (before 2025)]]
+Before 2025, Haiphong was subdivided into 15 district-level sub-divisions, consisting of 8 [[List of urban districts of Vietnam|urban districts]], 6 [[District (Vietnam)|rural districts]] and 1 [[municipal city]] (sub-city):
 {{columns-list|colwidth=30em|* 8 urban districts:
 ** [[An Dương District|An Dương]]
@@ Line 313: / Line 318: @@
 ** [[Thủy Nguyên]]}}
-They are further subdivided into 10 commune-level towns (or townlets), 148 communes, and 72 wards.
+They are further subdivided into 10 [[commune-level town]]s (or townlets), 148 communes, and 72 wards.
 ===Table of local government districts===
@@ Line 439: / Line 444: @@
 ==Economy==
-Haiphong is a major economic center of the North in particular and Vietnam in general both. Under French domination, Haiphong was level 1 city, equal to Saigon and Hanoi. The last years of the 19th century, the French had proposed to build Haiphong into the economic capital of Indochina.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://hoaphuongdo.vn/news/tin-tuc-su-kien/kinh-te-doanh-nghiep/46701-lien-ket-phat-trien-giua-ha-noi-va-hai-phong-dong-vai-tro-quan-trong.html |title=Liên kết phát triển giữa Hà Nội và Hải Phòng đóng vai trò quan trọng |access-date=2016-03-07 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110905025623/http://www.hoaphuongdo.vn/news/tin-tuc-su-kien/kinh-te-doanh-nghiep/46701-lien-ket-phat-trien-giua-ha-noi-va-hai-phong-dong-vai-tro-quan-trong.html |archive-date=2011-09-05 |url-status=dead }}</ref>
+Haiphong is a major economic center of the North in particular and Vietnam in general both. Under French domination, Haiphong was level 1 city, equal to Saigon and Hanoi. The last years of the 19th century, the French had proposed to build Haiphong into the economic capital of Indochina.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://hoaphuongdo.vn/news/tin-tuc-su-kien/kinh-te-doanh-nghiep/46701-lien-ket-phat-trien-giua-ha-noi-va-hai-phong-dong-vai-tro-quan-trong.html|title=Liên kết phát triển giữa Hà Nội và Hải Phòng đóng vai trò quan trọng|access-date=2016-03-07|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110905025623/http://www.hoaphuongdo.vn/news/tin-tuc-su-kien/kinh-te-doanh-nghiep/46701-lien-ket-phat-trien-giua-ha-noi-va-hai-phong-dong-vai-tro-quan-trong.html|archive-date=2011-09-05|url-status=dead|trans-title=The Development Linkage between Hanoi and Hai Phong Plays an Important Role}}</ref>
 Today, Haiphong is still one of the most important economic centers of Vietnam. In 2009, Haiphong state budget revenue reached 34,000 billion Vnd. In 2011, budget revenues in the city reached 47,725 billion, increase 19% compared to 2010.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Tin Bộ Tài Chính |url=https://mof.gov.vn/webcenter/portal/btcvn/pages_r/l/tin-bo-tai-chinh?dDocName=BTC220157&dID=129460&utm= |website=Bộ Tài Chính |access-date=9 May 2025 |language=vi}}</ref> In 2015, total revenues of the city reached 56 288 billion. Government plans that to 2020, Haiphong's revenues will be over 80,000 billion and the domestic revenue reach 20.000 billion. In the ranking of the Provincial Competitiveness Index (PCI) 2013 of Vietnam, Haiphong city ranked at No. 15/63 provinces.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.pcivietnam.org/rankings_general.php|title=General Ranking|website=www.pcivietnam.org|archive-url=https://archive.today/20121205033542/http://www.pcivietnam.org/rankings_general.php|archive-date=2012-12-05|url-status=dead|access-date=2017-09-14}}</ref>
 Haiphong has relationship of trading goods with more than 40 countries and territories around the world. Haiphong is striving to become one of the largest commercial centers of the country.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://haiphong.gov.vn/Portal/Detail.aspx?Organization=SNV&MenuID=5550&ContentID=15545 |title=Sở Ngoại vụ |access-date=2016-03-07 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160305142345/http://haiphong.gov.vn/portal/detail.aspx?contentid=15545&menuid=5550&organization=snv |archive-date=2016-03-05 |url-status=dead }}</ref>
-On Vietnam's Provincial Competitiveness Index 2023, a key tool for evaluating the business environment in Vietnam’s provinces, Hai Phong received a score of 70.34. This was an improvement from 2022 in which the province received a score of 70.76. In 2023, the province received its highest scores on the 'Labor Policy' and 'Time Costs' criterion and lowest on 'Policy Bias' and ‘Transparency’.<ref>{{Cite web |last=the-shiv |date=2024-08-17 |title=Doing Business in Hai Phong, Vietnam 2024 |url=https://the-shiv.com/doing-business-in-hai-phong-vietnam/ |access-date=2024-08-24 |website=the-shiv |language=en-AU}}</ref>
+On Vietnam's Provincial Competitiveness Index 2023, a key tool for evaluating the business environment in Vietnam’s provinces, Hai Phong received a score of 70.34. This was an improvement from 2022 in which the province received a score of 70.76. In 2023, the province received its highest scores on the 'Labor Policy' and 'Time Costs' criterion and lowest on 'Policy Bias' and ‘Transparency’.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Doing Business in Hai Phong, Vietnam 2024|url=https://the-shiv.com/doing-business-in-hai-phong-vietnam/|website=the-shiv|date=2024-08-17|access-date=2025-11-28|language=en-AU|last=the-shiv}}</ref>
 ===Industry===
 Industry is a key sector in Haiphong including food processing, light industries and heavy industries. Major products include fish sauce, beer, cigarettes, textiles, paper, plastic pipes, cement, iron, pharmaceuticals, electric fans, motorbikes, steel pipes and ships and out-sourcing software implementation.<ref name="GSO09"/> Most of these industries have been growing significantly between 2000 and 2007, with the exceptions of the cigarette and pharmaceutical industries. Shipbuilding, steel pipes, plastic pipes and textiles are among the industries with the most rapid growth.<ref name="GSO09"/>
-There are also growing industries supplying products used by existing industries in the city. PetroVietnam set up a joint-venture PVTex with textile manufacturer [[Vinatex]] to build Vietnam's first polyester fiber plant in Haiphong. The factory will use by-products from oil-refining and reduce reliance on imported materials.<ref>{{Cite news| title = PVTex to operate first polyester fiber project early 2011| newspaper = The Saigon Times| url = http://english.thesaigontimes.vn/Home/business/other/10257/| date = 2010-05-14| access-date = 2011-07-06| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20111006070103/http://english.thesaigontimes.vn/Home/business/other/10257/| archive-date = 2011-10-06| url-status = dead}}</ref> 270,600 people were employed in Haiphong's industry. 112,600 industrial jobs were created between 2000 and 2007.<ref name="GSO09" />
+There are also growing industries supplying products used by existing industries in the city. PetroVietnam set up a joint-venture PVTex with textile manufacturer [[Vinatex]] to build Vietnam's first polyester fiber plant in Haiphong. The factory will use by-products from oil-refining and reduce reliance on imported materials.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Saigon Times Online - PVTex to operate first polyester fiber project early 2011 - PVTex to operate first polyester fiber project early 2011|url=http://english.thesaigontimes.vn/Home/business/other/10257/|website=english.thesaigontimes.vn|access-date=2025-11-28|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111006070103/http://english.thesaigontimes.vn/Home/business/other/10257/|archive-date=2011-10-06}}</ref> 270,600 people were employed in Haiphong's industry. 112,600 industrial jobs were created between 2000 and 2007.<ref name="GSO09" />
 ==== Agriculture, forestry and fishery ====
@@ Line 460: / Line 467: @@
 ==Demographics==
-Haiphong is the third most populous city in Vietnam, with a population of 2.103.500 for the metropolitan area (2015), encompassing an area of {{cvt|1,507.57|km2}}, 46,1% of population reside in the urban districts.<ref name="state-bgnote">{{cite web|url=https://2009-2017.state.gov/r/pa/ei/bgn/4130.htm|title=Background Note: Vietnam|author=Bureau of East Asian and Pacific Affairs|publisher=U.S. Department of State|date=May 27, 2010|access-date=2010-06-21}}</ref> The gender distribution is half female (50.4%).<ref name="census09mf">[http://www.gso.gov.vn/default_en.aspx?tabid=515&idmid=5&ItemID=9813 The 2009 Vietnam Population and Housing census: Major findings]. General Statistics Office of Vietnam.</ref>
+Haiphong is the third most populous city in Vietnam, with a population of 2.103.500 for the metropolitan area (2015), encompassing an area of {{cvt|1,507.57|km2}}, 46,1% of population reside in the urban districts.<ref name="state-bgnote">{{cite web|url=https://2009-2017.state.gov/r/pa/ei/bgn/4130.htm|title=Background Note: Vietnam|author=Bureau of East Asian and Pacific Affairs|publisher=U.S. Department of State|date=May 27, 2010|access-date=2010-06-21}}</ref> The gender distribution is half female (50.4%).<ref name="census09mf">{{Cite web|title=The 2009 Vietnam Population and Housing census: Major findings|url=http://www.gso.gov.vn/default_en.aspx?tabid=515&idmid=5&ItemID=9813|website=www.gso.gov.vn|access-date=2025-11-28|archive-url=http://web.archive.org/web/20250915040835/http://www.gso.gov.vn/default_en.aspx?tabid=515&idmid=5&ItemID=9813|archive-date=2025-09-15}}</ref>
 === Population growth ===
@@ Line 467: / Line 474: @@
 ==Education==
 In 2012, Hải Phòng had 4 universities and academies, 17 colleges, 26 professional secondary schools, 56 high schools, and hundreds of other educational institutions ranging from elementary to preschool levels. Trần Phú High School in Hải Phòng holds a Vietnamese record for being the only school with students winning international prizes for 21 consecutive years.
+[[File:Đại_học_hàng_hải_Việt_Nam.JPG|alt=Đại học hàng hải Việt Nam|thumb|[[Vietnam Maritime University]]]]
 === Universities in Hải Phòng ===
 * [[Vietnam Maritime University]] - A national key university specializing in transport and maritime studies
-* [[Hai Phong University]] - A multidisciplinary university, formerly Hai Phong Teachers College
+* [[Hai Phong University]] - A multidisciplinary university, formerly Hai Phong College of Education
 * [[Hai Phong Medical University]] - Trains general and specialized doctors, nurses, and serves as a medical research center
 * Hai Phong Management and Technology University - A private multidisciplinary university
@@ Line 507: / Line 514: @@
 === Roads ===
-Haiphong is located at the junction of two National Highways: Route 5, leading west to [[Hanoi]], and Route 10, leading south to [[Nam Định]] and onward to connect with [[National Route 1 (Vietnam)|National Route 1]] at [[Ninh Bình]]. Highway 356 passes west–east from the Route 5/10 junction through Haiphong's city center all the way to the coast. A connecting road from route 5 to route 18 links Haiphong with [[Quảng Ninh Province]]. In 2015, the new highway connecting Haiphong with Hanoi was completed; this is the most modern highway in Vietnam and reduces the trip by one hour as compared to the previous route.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.vidifi.vn/english/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=4:hanoi-%E2%80%93-hai-phong-expressway-project&catid=3&Itemid=65|title=Hanoi – Hai Phong Expressway Project|last=Administrator|website=www.vidifi.vn}}</ref>
+Haiphong is located at the junction of two National Highways: Route 5, leading west to [[Hanoi]], and Route 10, leading south to [[Nam Định]] and onward to connect with [[National Route 1 (Vietnam)|National Route 1]] at [[Ninh Bình]]. Highway 356 passes west–east from the Route 5/10 junction through Haiphong's city center all the way to the coast. A connecting road from route 5 to route 18 links Haiphong with [[Quảng Ninh Province]]. In 2015, the new highway connecting Haiphong with Hanoi was completed; this is the most modern highway in Vietnam and reduces the trip by one hour as compared to the previous route.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Thời tiết hải phòng|url=https://xemthoitiet.com.vn/hai-phong|access-date=2025-11-28}}</ref>
 Within the city there are several long-distance bus depots: Niem Nghia, Vinh Niem, and Thuong Ly.
@@ Line 527: / Line 534: @@
 ===Railway===
-[[Haiphong station]] built in 1902 is the eastern terminus of the [[Kunming–Hai Phong Railway]], also known as the [[Yunnan]]–Vietnam Railway. Built at by the [[French Indochina|French]] during their occupation, the railway once connected Haiphong to the city of [[Kunming]] in Yunnan, [[China]], although service along the Chinese portion of the line is currently suspended. Rail travel from Haiphong with connections to the rest of the [[Rail transport in Vietnam|Vietnamese railway network]] is via Hanoi.
+[[Haiphong station]] built in 1902 is the eastern terminus of the [[Kunming–Hai Phong Railway]], also known as the [[Yunnan]]–Vietnam Railway. Built at by the [[French Indochina|French]] during their occupation, the railway once connected Haiphong to the city of [[Kunming]] in Yunnan, [[China]], although service along the Chinese portion of the line is currently suspended. Rail travel from Haiphong with connections to the rest of the [[Rail transport in Vietnam|Vietnamese railway network]] is via Hanoi. Passenger trains run daily from 6AM until 6PM from Hai Phong city to the capital Hanoi and back. The travel time between the two cities by rail is approximately three hours.
-Passenger trains run daily from 6AM until 6PM from Hai Phong city to the capital Hanoi and back. The travel time between the two cities by rail is approximately three hours.
 ==Cuisine==
@@ Line 543: / Line 548: @@
 * [[Nguyễn Bỉnh Khiêm]] (1491–1585), thinker, poet, prophet, [[Cao Dai]] religion saint
 * [[Mai Trung Thu]] (1906–1980), painter
+* [[Thẩm Thúy Hằng]] (1939–2022), actress
 * [[Trần Văn Cẩn]] (1910–1994), painter
 * [[Văn Cao]] (1923–1995), musician, poet, painter and composer of the national anthem of Vietnam ''[[Tiến Quân Ca]]''
-* [[Trà Giang]] (born 1942), film actress (born in [[Quảng Ngãi Province]], grew up and schooled in Haiphong)
 * [[:vi:Quang Thắng|Quang Thắng]] (born 1968), actor and comedian
 * [[Wong Kwok-hing]] (born 1949), [[Hong Kong]] [[trade unionist]] and a former member of the [[Legislative Council of Hong Kong]] (2004–2016)
-*[[Ốc Thanh Vân]] (born 1984), actor and television host
+*[[:vi:Ốc Thanh Vân|Ốc Thanh Vân]] (born 1984), actor and television host
 * [[Phan Thị Hà Thanh]] (born 1991), artistic gymnast, first gymnast to win a world medal for Vietnam gymnastics (2011)
 * [[:vi:Thu Phương|Thu Phương]] (born 1972), pop singer and Haiphong native; now lives in the U.S.
-* [[PewPew (streamer)|PewPew]] (born 1991), YouTuber and streamer
-{{Expand Vietnamese|topic=geo|||date=March 2016}}
 ==Twin towns==
@@ Line 562: / Line 565: @@
 *{{Flagicon|CHN}} [[Nanning]], China<ref>{{cite web|title=Il 南宁市国际友城名单及分布图|url=http://wqb.nanning.gov.cn/xxgk/sjfb/t1454179.html|website=nanning.gov.cn|publisher=Naning|language=zh|access-date=2020-07-11|archive-date=2020-07-11|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200711235905/http://wqb.nanning.gov.cn/xxgk/sjfb/t1454179.html|url-status=dead}}</ref>
 *{{Flagicon|RUS}} [[Saint Petersburg]], Russia<ref>{{cite web |title="Международные и межрегиональные связи"|url=https://www.gov.spb.ru/helper/new_stat/inter/|website=gov.spb.ru|publisher=Federal city of Saint Petersburg|language=ru|access-date=2020-11-12}}</ref>
-*{{Flagicon|USA}} [[Seattle]], United States<ref>{{cite web |title=Seattle's Sister Cities|url=https://www.seattle.gov/oir/sister-cities/seattles-sister-cities|publisher=City of Seattle|access-date=2021-09-16}}</ref>
+*{{Flagicon|USA}} [[Seattle]], United States<ref>{{cite web|title=Seattle's Sister Cities|url=https://www.seattle.gov/oir/sister-cities/seattles-sister-cities|publisher=City of Seattle|access-date=2021-09-16|archive-date=2022-02-25|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220225145636/https://seattle.gov/oir/sister-cities/seattles-sister-cities|url-status=dead}}</ref>
 *{{Flagicon|CHN}} [[Tianjin]], China<ref>{{cite web |title=天津友好城市一览表|url=http://fao.tj.gov.cn/XXFB2187/GJYC9244/YHCSTJ4276/202008/t20200824_3525190.html|website=tj.gov.cn|publisher=Tianjin|language=zh|access-date=2021-01-07}}</ref>
 *{{flagicon|HUN}} [[Gödöllő]], Hungary
@@ Line 624: / Line 627: @@
 [[Category:Hong River Delta]]
 [[Category:Gulf of Tonkin]]
-[[Category:Port cities in Vietnam]]
+[[Category:Port cities and towns in Vietnam]]
 [[Category:Cities in Vietnam]]

Haiphong: Difference between revisions

Latest revision as of 12:23, 13 December 2025

Contents

History

Dynastic Vietnam

Democratic Republic of Vietnam and the Vietnam War

21st century

Geography

Climate

Administration

Table of local government districts

Economy

Industry

Agriculture, forestry and fishery

Demographics

Population growth

Education

Universities in Hải Phòng

High schools in Hải Phòng

Transport

Roads

Airports

Seaports

Railway

Cuisine

Notable people

Twin towns

Gallery

See also

References

Notes

External links

Navigation menu

Haiphong: Difference between revisions

Latest revision as of 12:23, 13 December 2025

History

Dynastic Vietnam

Democratic Republic of Vietnam and the Vietnam War

21st century

Geography

Climate

Administration

Table of local government districts

Economy

Industry

Agriculture, forestry and fishery

Demographics

Population growth

Education

Universities in Hải Phòng

High schools in Hải Phòng

Transport

Roads

Airports

Seaports

Railway

Cuisine

Notable people

Twin towns

Gallery

See also

References

Notes

External links

Navigation menu

Search