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{{Redirect|Industrial nation|the magazine|Industrialnation{{!}}''Industrialnation''}} | {{Redirect|Industrial nation|the magazine|Industrialnation{{!}}''Industrialnation''}} | ||
{{For|the investing classification|Developed market}} | {{For|the investing classification|Developed market}} | ||
{{Pp- | {{Pp-pc}} | ||
{{Use dmy dates|date=May 2024}} | {{Use dmy dates|date=May 2024}} | ||
[[File:2023-25 U.N. Human Development Report (multicolored).svg|alt=World map|thumb|The world map representing Human Development Index categories (based on 2023 data, published in 2025){{legend-col | |||
|{{Legend|#008c00ff|Very high}} | |||
|{{Legend|#ffcc00ff|High}} | |||
|{{Legend|#ff6600ff|Medium}} | |||
|{{Legend|#d40000ff|Low}} | |||
|{{Legend|#b9b9b9ff|No data}} | |||
}}]] | |||
A '''developed country''', or '''advanced country''',<ref name="adv1">{{cite web |title=Fiscal Policy and Inclusive Growth in Advanced Countries: Their Experience and Implications for Asia |url=https://www.adb.org/sites/default/files/publication/150177/ewp-422.pdf |website=adb.org |publisher=[[Asian Development Bank]] |date=December 2014 |access-date=8 July 2021 |archive-date=26 July 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210726220914/https://www.adb.org/sites/default/files/publication/150177/ewp-422.pdf |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="adv2">{{cite web |title=Advanced Countries Will Benefit Most from Progress in Technology, with Lesser Benefits to Other Nations |url=https://www.rand.org/news/press/2006/06/01.html |website=rand.org |publisher=[[RAND Corporation]] |date=1 June 2006 |access-date=8 July 2021 |archive-date=21 August 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210821221948/https://www.rand.org/news/press/2006/06/01.html |url-status=live }}</ref> is a [[country]] that has a high [[quality of life]], [[developed economy]], and advanced technological infrastructure relative to other less industrialized nations. Most commonly, the criteria for evaluating the degree of economic development are the [[gross domestic product]] (GDP), [[gross national product]] (GNP), the [[per capita income]], level of industrialization, amount of widespread infrastructure and general standard of living.<ref>[https://www.investopedia.com/terms/d/developed-economy.asp#axzz1legO8olO Developed Economy Definition] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160322201145/http://www.investopedia.com/terms/d/developed-economy.asp |date=22 March 2016 }}. Investopedia (16 April 2010). Retrieved 12 July 2013.</ref> Which criteria are to be used and which countries can be classified as being developed are subjects of debate. Different definitions of developed countries are provided by the [[Developed country#IMF advanced economies|International Monetary Fund]] and the [[Developed country#High-income economies|World Bank]]; moreover, [[Developed country#Human Development Index (HDI)|HDI ranking]] is used to reflect the composite index of life expectancy, education, and income per capita. [[Developed country#Comparative table (2025)|In 2025]], 40 countries fit all three criteria, while an additional 22 countries fit two out of three. | |||
A '''developed country''', or '''advanced country''',<ref name="adv1">{{cite web |title=Fiscal Policy and Inclusive Growth in Advanced Countries: Their Experience and Implications for Asia |url=https://www.adb.org/sites/default/files/publication/150177/ewp-422.pdf |website=adb.org |publisher=[[Asian Development Bank]] |date=December 2014 |access-date=8 July 2021 |archive-date=26 July 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210726220914/https://www.adb.org/sites/default/files/publication/150177/ewp-422.pdf |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="adv2">{{cite web |title=Advanced Countries Will Benefit Most from Progress in Technology, with Lesser Benefits to Other Nations |url=https://www.rand.org/news/press/2006/06/01.html |website=rand.org |publisher=[[RAND Corporation]] |date=1 June 2006 |access-date=8 July 2021 |archive-date=21 August 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210821221948/https://www.rand.org/news/press/2006/06/01.html |url-status=live }}</ref> is a [[ | |||
Developed countries have generally more advanced [[post-industrial society|post-industrial]] economies, meaning the [[tertiary sector of the economy|service sector]] provides more wealth than the [[secondary sector of the economy|industrial sector]]. They are contrasted with [[developing country|developing countries]], which are in the process of [[industrialisation]] or are pre-industrial and almost entirely [[agriculture|agrarian]], some of which might fall into the category of [[Least Developed Countries]]. {{As of|2023}}, advanced economies comprise 57.3% of global GDP based on [[real versus nominal value (economics)|nominal values]] and 41.1% of global GDP based on [[purchasing power parity|purchasing-power parity]] (PPP) according to the [[International Monetary Fund|IMF]].<ref name=":5">{{cite web |author=International Monetary Fund |title=World Economic Outlook Database, April 2023 |url=https://www.imf.org/en/Publications/WEO/weo-database/2023/April |publisher=[[International Monetary Fund]] |access-date=30 April 2023 |archive-date=13 April 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230413194731/https://www.imf.org/en/Publications/WEO/weo-database/2023/April |url-status=live }}</ref> | Developed countries have generally more advanced [[post-industrial society|post-industrial]] economies, meaning the [[tertiary sector of the economy|service sector]] provides more wealth than the [[secondary sector of the economy|industrial sector]]. They are contrasted with [[developing country|developing countries]], which are in the process of [[industrialisation]] or are pre-industrial and almost entirely [[agriculture|agrarian]], some of which might fall into the category of [[Least Developed Countries]]. {{As of|2023}}, advanced economies comprise 57.3% of global GDP based on [[real versus nominal value (economics)|nominal values]] and 41.1% of global GDP based on [[purchasing power parity|purchasing-power parity]] (PPP) according to the [[International Monetary Fund|IMF]].<ref name=":5">{{cite web |author=International Monetary Fund |title=World Economic Outlook Database, April 2023 |url=https://www.imf.org/en/Publications/WEO/weo-database/2023/April |publisher=[[International Monetary Fund]] |access-date=30 April 2023 |archive-date=13 April 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230413194731/https://www.imf.org/en/Publications/WEO/weo-database/2023/April |url-status=live }}</ref> | ||
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And it notes that: | And it notes that: | ||
<blockquote>The designations "developed" and "developing" are intended for statistical convenience and do not necessarily express a judgement about the stage reached by a particular country or area in the development process.<ref name="unstats.un.org">{{cite web |title=Standard Country and Area Codes Classifications (M49): Developed Regions |url= | <blockquote>The designations "developed" and "developing" are intended for statistical convenience and do not necessarily express a judgement about the stage reached by a particular country or area in the development process.<ref name="unstats.un.org">{{cite web |title=Standard Country and Area Codes Classifications (M49): Developed Regions |url=https://unstats.un.org/unsd/methods/m49/m49.htm |publisher=[[United Nations Statistics Division]] |access-date=13 May 2017 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170711220015/https://unstats.un.org/unsd/methods/m49/m49.htm |archive-date=11 July 2017 }}</ref></blockquote> | ||
Nevertheless, the [[UN Trade and Development]] considers that this categorization can continue to be applied: | Nevertheless, the [[UN Trade and Development]] considers that this categorization can continue to be applied: | ||
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[[Mathis Wackernagel]] calls the binary labeling of countries as "neither descriptive nor explanatory. It is merely a thoughtless and destructive endorsement of GDP fetish. In reality, there are not two types of countries, but over 200 countries, all faced with the same laws of nature, yet each with unique features."<ref name="Ecological Footprint: Managing Our Biocapacity Budget">{{cite book|last1=Wackernagel|first1=Mathis|url=https://www.newsociety.com/Books/E/Ecological-Footprint|title=Ecological Footprint: Managing Our Biocapacity Budget|last2=Beyers|first2=Bert|publisher=New Society Publishers|year=2019|isbn=978-0-86571-911-8|location=Gabriola Island, BC, Canada|page=132|author-link=Mathis Wackernagel|access-date=20 January 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191230123431/https://www.newsociety.com/Books/E/Ecological-Footprint|archive-date=30 December 2019|url-status=live}}</ref> | [[Mathis Wackernagel]] calls the binary labeling of countries as "neither descriptive nor explanatory. It is merely a thoughtless and destructive endorsement of GDP fetish. In reality, there are not two types of countries, but over 200 countries, all faced with the same laws of nature, yet each with unique features."<ref name="Ecological Footprint: Managing Our Biocapacity Budget">{{cite book|last1=Wackernagel|first1=Mathis|url=https://www.newsociety.com/Books/E/Ecological-Footprint|title=Ecological Footprint: Managing Our Biocapacity Budget|last2=Beyers|first2=Bert|publisher=New Society Publishers|year=2019|isbn=978-0-86571-911-8|location=Gabriola Island, BC, Canada|page=132|author-link=Mathis Wackernagel|access-date=20 January 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191230123431/https://www.newsociety.com/Books/E/Ecological-Footprint|archive-date=30 December 2019|url-status=live}}</ref> | ||
A 2021 analysis proposes the term ''emerged'' to describe markets, economies, or countries that have graduated from [[emerging market]] status, but have not yet reached the level equivalent to developed countries.<ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Lee|first1=Eun Su|last2=Liu|first2=Wei|last3=Yang|first3=Jing Yu|date=23 September 2021|title=Neither developed nor emerging: Dual paths for outward FDI and home country innovation in emerged market MNCs|url=https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0969593121001438|journal=International Business Review|volume=32 |issue=2 |language=en| | A 2021 analysis proposes the term ''emerged'' to describe markets, economies, or countries that have graduated from [[emerging market]] status, but have not yet reached the level equivalent to developed countries.<ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Lee|first1=Eun Su|last2=Liu|first2=Wei|last3=Yang|first3=Jing Yu|date=23 September 2021|title=Neither developed nor emerging: Dual paths for outward FDI and home country innovation in emerged market MNCs|url=https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0969593121001438|journal=International Business Review|volume=32 |issue=2 |language=en|article-number=101925|doi=10.1016/j.ibusrev.2021.101925|s2cid=244268711|issn=0969-5931|url-access=subscription}}</ref> Multinational corporations from these emerging markets present unique patterns of overseas expansion and knowledge acquisition from foreign countries. | ||
== Economy lists by various criteria == | == Economy lists by various criteria == | ||
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=== Human Development Index (HDI) === | === Human Development Index (HDI) === | ||
{{Main|Human Development Index|List of countries by Human Development Index}} | {{Main|Human Development Index|List of countries by Human Development Index}} | ||
[[File: | [[File:HDI2023Incrimental2.svg|alt=World map|thumb|World map of countries or territories by Human Development Index scores in increments of 0.050 (based on 2023 data, published in 2025){{legend-col | ||
| thumb size = wide|{{Legend|#001a00|≥ 0.950}}|{{Legend|#003c00|0.900–0.950}}|{{Legend|#007f00|0.850–0.899}}|{{Legend|#00c400|0.800–0.849}}|{{Legend|#00f900|0.750–0.799}}|{{Legend|#d3ff00|0.700–0.749}}|{{Legend|#ffee00|0.650–0.699}}|{{Legend|#ffd215|0.600–0.649}}|{{Legend|#ffa83c|0.550–0.599}}|{{Legend|#ff852f|0.500–0.549}}|{{Legend|#ff5b00|0.450–0.499}}|{{Legend|#ff0000|0.400–0.449}}|{{Legend|#a70000|≤ 0.399}}|{{Legend|#C0C0C0|Data unavailable}} | |||
| thumb size = wide|{{Legend|#001a00|≥ 0.950}}|{{Legend|#003c00|0.900–0.950}}|{{Legend|#007f00|0.850–0.899}}|{{Legend|#00c400|0.800–0.849}}|{{Legend|# | |||
}}]] | }}]] | ||
The UN HDI is a statistical measure that gauges an economy's level of human development. While there is a strong correlation between having a high HDI score and being a prosperous economy, the UN points out that the HDI accounts for more than income or productivity. Unlike GDP per capita or per capita income, the HDI takes into account how income is turned "into education and health opportunities and therefore into higher levels of human development." | The UN HDI is a statistical measure that gauges an economy's level of human development. While there is a strong correlation between having a high HDI score and being a prosperous economy, the UN points out that the HDI accounts for more than income or productivity. Unlike GDP per capita or per capita income, the HDI takes into account how income is turned "into education and health opportunities and therefore into higher levels of human development." | ||
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|- | |- | ||
| rowspan="3" |29|| {{sort|-3|{{decrease}} (3)}} | | rowspan="3" |29|| {{sort|-3|{{decrease}} (3)}} | ||
! scope=row {{left}} {{flag| | ! scope=row {{left}} {{flag|Czech Republic}} | ||
| rowspan="3"| 0.915 || {{sort|0.22|{{increase}} 0.22%}} | | rowspan="3"| 0.915 || {{sort|0.22|{{increase}} 0.22%}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
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=== ''WESP'' developed economies === | === ''WESP'' developed economies === | ||
According to the [[United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs]]' ''World Economic Situation and Prospects'' report, the following 37 countries are classified as "developed economies" as of January | According to the [[United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs]]' ''World Economic Situation and Prospects'' report, the following 37 countries are classified as "developed economies" as of January 2025:<ref>{{cite web|title=World Economic Situation and Prospects 2025|url=https://desapublications.un.org/file/20954/download|page=143 |publisher=United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs |language=en}}</ref> | ||
31 countries in Europe: | 31 countries in Europe: | ||
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}} | }} | ||
two countries in | two countries in North America: | ||
{{columns-list|colwidth=18em| | {{columns-list|colwidth=18em| | ||
* {{flagcountry|Canada}} | * {{flagcountry|Canada}} | ||
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=== World Bank high-income economies=== | === World Bank high-income economies=== | ||
[[File:High income economies as classified by the World Bank.png|thumb|upright=1.6|High-income economies of the world as classified by the World Bank, 2023.]] | [[File:High income economies as classified by the World Bank.png|thumb|upright=1.6|High-income economies of the world as classified by the World Bank, 2023.]] | ||
According to the [[World Bank]], the following | According to the [[World Bank]], the following sovereign states and territories across are classified as [[World Bank high-income economy|high-income economies]], having a [[List of countries by GNI (nominal) per capita|nominal GNI per capita]] in excess of $13,935. as of the 2025 fiscal year:<ref>{{cite web|url=https://datahelpdesk.worldbank.org/knowledgebase/articles/906519-world-bank-country-and-lending-groups|title=World Bank Country and Lending Groups|work=[[World Bank]]|access-date=1 July 2025}}</ref> | ||
'' | ''Non-sovereign Territories are denoted by an asterisk (*)''. | ||
{{columns-list|colwidth=18em| | {{columns-list|colwidth=18em| | ||
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* {{flag|Channel Islands}}* | * {{flag|Channel Islands}}* | ||
* {{flag|Chile}} | * {{flag|Chile}} | ||
* {{flag|Costa Rica}} | |||
* {{flag|Croatia}} | * {{flag|Croatia}} | ||
* {{flag|Curaçao}}* | * {{flag|Curaçao}}* | ||
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[[File:DAC members.svg|thumb|upright 1.2|Member nations of the [[Development Assistance Committee]] ]] | [[File:DAC members.svg|thumb|upright 1.2|Member nations of the [[Development Assistance Committee]] ]] | ||
There are | There are 32 [[OECD]] member countries and the [[European Union]]—in the [[Development Assistance Committee]] (DAC),<ref name="DAC">[http://www.oecd.org/dac/peer-reviews/peerreviewsofdacmembers.htm Peer reviews of DAC members – Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130527172525/http://www.oecd.org/dac/peer-reviews/peerreviewsofdacmembers.htm |date=27 May 2013 }}. Oecd.org. Retrieved 22 October 2013.</ref> a group of the world's major donor countries that discusses issues surrounding [[development aid]] and [[poverty reduction]] in [[developing country|developing countries]].<ref name="dac_dat">[http://www.oecd.org/dataoecd/3/38/1896808.pdf DAC website >> "The DAC in Dates"] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100215080158/http://www.oecd.org/dataoecd/3/38/1896808.pdf |date=15 February 2010 }}, On the DAC's self-description, see the introductory letter. On other events, refer to the relevant section by date.</ref> The following OECD member countries are DAC members: | ||
26 countries in Europe: | |||
{{columns-list|colwidth=18em| | {{columns-list|colwidth=18em| | ||
* {{flagcountry|Austria}} | * {{flagcountry|Austria}} | ||
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* {{flagcountry|Ireland}} | * {{flagcountry|Ireland}} | ||
* {{flagcountry|Italy}} | * {{flagcountry|Italy}} | ||
* {{flagcountry|Latvia}} | |||
* {{flagcountry|Lithuania}} | * {{flagcountry|Lithuania}} | ||
* {{flagcountry|Luxembourg}} | * {{flagcountry|Luxembourg}} | ||
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=== IMF advanced economies === | === IMF advanced economies === | ||
[[File:IMF advanced economies 2008.svg|thumb|upright 1.2|{{legend|#0000FF|Countries described as Advanced Economies by the IMF}}]] | [[File:IMF advanced economies 2008.svg|thumb|upright 1.2|{{legend|#0000FF|Countries described as Advanced Economies by the IMF}}]] | ||
[[File:IMF advanced economies and UN least developed countries.svg|thumb|420x420px| | |||
{{legend|#00b9fa|Developed countries ([[International Monetary Fund|IMF]])}} | |||
{{legend|#ffb219|[[Developing countries]] (IMF)}} | |||
{{legend|#ff562f|[[Least developed countries]] ([[United Nations|UN]])}} | |||
{{legend|#b9b9b9|Data unavailable}}<br />World map showing country classifications per the [[International Monetary Fund|IMF]]<ref name="IMF1">{{cite web |title=World Economic and Financial Surveys World Economic Outlook Database—WEO Groups and Aggregates Information |url=https://www.imf.org/en/Publications/WEO/weo-database/2023/April/groups-and-aggregates |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230303145301/https://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/weo/2022/01/weodata/groups.htm |archive-date=3 March 2023 |access-date=2 June 2022 |publisher=International Monetary Fund}}</ref> and the [[United Nations|UN]]<ref>[https://www.un.org/development/desa/dpad/wp-content/uploads/sites/45/publication/ldc_list.pdf Least Developed Countries] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110517090756/http://www.unohrlls.org/en/ldc/related/62/ |date=17 May 2011 }} ({{usurped|1=[https://web.archive.org/web/20191221185727/http://unohrlls.org/custom-content/uploads/2018/12/list-of-least-developed-countries-rev1.pdf 2018 list]}})</ref> (last updated April 2023). "Developed economies" according to this classification scheme are shown in blue. The map does not include classifications by the World Bank.]] | |||
According to the [[International Monetary Fund]], 41 countries and territories are officially listed as "advanced economies",<!-- | According to the [[International Monetary Fund]], 41 countries and territories are officially listed as "advanced economies",<!-- | ||
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START REF--><ref name="IMF1" /><ref name="IMF2">{{cite web |title=World Economic and Financial Surveys World Economic Outlook Database—All countries/Advanced economies (40 countries) |url=https://www.imf.org/en/Publications/WEO/weo-database/2021/October/select-countries?grp=110&sg=All-countries/Advanced-economies |publisher=International Monetary Fund |access-date=13 October 2021 |archive-date=7 November 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211107153545/https://www.imf.org/en/Publications/WEO/weo-database/2021/October/select-countries?grp=110&sg=All-countries/Advanced-economies |url-status=live }}</ref><!--END REF | START REF--><ref name="IMF1" /><ref name="IMF2">{{cite web |title=World Economic and Financial Surveys World Economic Outlook Database—All countries/Advanced economies (40 countries) |url=https://www.imf.org/en/Publications/WEO/weo-database/2021/October/select-countries?grp=110&sg=All-countries/Advanced-economies |publisher=International Monetary Fund |access-date=13 October 2021 |archive-date=7 November 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211107153545/https://www.imf.org/en/Publications/WEO/weo-database/2021/October/select-countries?grp=110&sg=All-countries/Advanced-economies |url-status=live }}</ref><!--END REF | ||
--> with the addition of 7 [[microstates]] and dependencies modified by the [[CIA]] which were omitted from the IMF version:<ref name="cia">{{cite web|url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/appendix/appendix-b.html|title=Appendix B. International Organizations and Groups.|work=[[World Factbook]].|author=CIA|year=2008|access-date=10 April 2008 | --> with the addition of 7 [[microstates]] and dependencies modified by the [[CIA]] which were omitted from the IMF version:<ref name="cia">{{cite web|url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/appendix/appendix-b.html|title=Appendix B. International Organizations and Groups.|work=[[World Factbook]].|author=CIA|year=2008|access-date=10 April 2008|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080409033504/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/appendix/appendix-b.html|archive-date=9 April 2008}}</ref> | ||
29 countries and dependencies in [[Europe]] classified by the IMF, 6 others given by the CIA: | 29 countries and dependencies in [[Europe]] classified by the IMF, 6 others given by the CIA: | ||
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* {{flagcountry|Israel}} | * {{flagcountry|Israel}} | ||
* {{flagcountry|Japan}} | * {{flagcountry|Japan}} | ||
* {{flagcountry|Republic of Korea}} | |||
* ''{{flagcountry|Macau}}'' | * ''{{flagcountry|Macau}}'' | ||
* {{flagcountry|Singapore}} | * {{flagcountry|Singapore}} | ||
* {{flagcountry|Taiwan}} | * {{flagcountry|Taiwan}} | ||
}} | }} | ||
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Comparative table of countries with a "very high" human development (0.800 or higher), according to [[United Nations Development Programme|UNDP]]; "advanced" economies, according to the [[International Monetary Fund|IMF]]; "high-income" economies, according to the [[World Bank]]. | Comparative table of countries with a "very high" human development (0.800 or higher), according to [[United Nations Development Programme|UNDP]]; "advanced" economies, according to the [[International Monetary Fund|IMF]]; "high-income" economies, according to the [[World Bank]]. | ||
{| class="wikitable | {| class="wikitable sortable" | ||
|- | |- | ||
! colspan="4" |{{big|Developed countries}} | ! colspan="4" |{{big|Developed countries}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
! Countries !!HDI<ref name="overview2">{{Cite web |title=Human Development Index (HDI) {{!}} Human Development Reports |url= | ! Countries !!HDI<ref name="overview2">{{Cite web |title=Human Development Index (HDI) {{!}} Human Development Reports |url=https://hdr.undp.org/en/content/human-development-index-hdi |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250506063421/https://hdr.undp.org/data-center/human-development-index#/indicies/HDI |archive-date=6 May 2025 |access-date=6 May 2025 |website=hdr.undp.org |publisher=United Nations Development Programme}}</ref>!! IMF<ref name=":1">{{cite web|url=https://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/weo/data/changes.htm|title=World Economic Outlook Database – Changes to the Database|website=International Monetary Fund|access-date=7 February 2019|archive-date=29 December 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171229080726/http://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/weo/data/changes.htm|url-status=live}}</ref>!! WB<ref name=":2">{{cite web|url=https://datahelpdesk.worldbank.org/knowledgebase/articles/906519-world-bank-country-and-lending-groups|title=World Bank Country and Lending Groups – World Bank Data Help Desk|website=datahelpdesk.worldbank.org|access-date=20 January 2021|archive-date=28 October 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191028223324/https://datahelpdesk.worldbank.org/knowledgebase/articles/906519-world-bank-country-and-lending-groups|url-status=live}}</ref> | ||
|- | |- | ||
! colspan="4" |''2023'' | ! colspan="4" |''2023'' | ||
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|- | |- | ||
|style="text-align:left;" |{{flag2|Monaco}}|| style="background:#98fb98;" |Yes before 1990<ref>{{cite web|url=https://monacoestate.com/monaco-has-the-worlds-highest-score-on-the-u-n-human-development-index/ | |style="text-align:left;" |{{flag2|Monaco}}|| style="background:#98fb98;" |Yes before 1990<ref>{{cite web|url=https://monacoestate.com/monaco-has-the-worlds-highest-score-on-the-u-n-human-development-index/ | ||
|title=Monaco Has The World's Highest Score on the U.N. Human Development Index |work=Monaco Estate |date=29 November 2021 |access-date=8 June 2023 | |title=Monaco Has The World's Highest Score on the U.N. Human Development Index |work=Monaco Estate |date=29 November 2021 |access-date=8 June 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230708062956/https://monacoestate.com/monaco-has-the-worlds-highest-score-on-the-u-n-human-development-index/ |archive-date= 8 July 2023 }}</ref> | ||
|style="background:#98fb98; |Yes since 2008 | |style="background:#98fb98; |Yes since 2008 | ||
| style="background:#98fb98;" |Yes before 1990 | | style="background:#98fb98;" |Yes before 1990 | ||
| Line 798: | Line 799: | ||
| style="background:#98fb98;" |Yes since 1996 | | style="background:#98fb98;" |Yes since 1996 | ||
|- | |- | ||
| style="text-align:left;" |{{flag2|South Korea}}|| style="background:#98fb98;" |Yes since 1999|| style="background:#98fb98;" |Yes since 1997<ref name="IMF1997">{{cite book|title=International Monetary Fund Annual Report 1997|series=Annual Report of the Executive Board |date=October 1997|url=https://www.elibrary.imf.org/view/IMF011/00315-9781451945102/00315-9781451945102/ch01.xml?language=en|doi=10.5089/9781451945102.011|access-date=8 May 2020|publisher=International Monetary Fund|isbn= | | style="text-align:left;" |{{flag2|South Korea}}|| style="background:#98fb98;" |Yes since 1999|| style="background:#98fb98;" |Yes since 1997<ref name="IMF1997">{{cite book|title=International Monetary Fund Annual Report 1997|series=Annual Report of the Executive Board |date=October 1997|url=https://www.elibrary.imf.org/view/IMF011/00315-9781451945102/00315-9781451945102/ch01.xml?language=en|doi=10.5089/9781451945102.011|access-date=8 May 2020|publisher=International Monetary Fund|isbn=978-1-4519-4510-2|archive-date=25 June 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200625192202/https://www.elibrary.imf.org/view/IMF011/00315-9781451945102/00315-9781451945102/ch01.xml?language=en|url-status=live}}</ref> | ||
| style="background:#98fb98;" |Yes since 2001 | | style="background:#98fb98;" |Yes since 2001 | ||
|- | |- | ||
| Line 814: | Line 815: | ||
| style="background:#98fb98;" |Yes since 1987 | | style="background:#98fb98;" |Yes since 1987 | ||
|- | |- | ||
| style="text-align:left;"|{{flag2|Taiwan}}|| |N/A{{refn|group=Note|The [[Human Development Report|HDI annual report]] compiled by the [[UNDP]] does not include Taiwan because it is no longer a UN member state, and is neither included as part of the People's Republic of China by the UNDP when calculating data for China.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Nations |first=United |title=Data Reader's Guide |url=https://hdr.undp.org/reports-and-publications/2020-human-development-report/data-readers-guide |language=en |access-date=27 October 2022 |archive-date=28 October 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221028110944/https://hdr.undp.org/reports-and-publications/2020-human-development-report/data-readers-guide |url-status=live }}</ref> [[Directorate General of Budget, Accounting and Statistics|Taiwan's Statistical Bureau]] calculated its HDI to be 0.926 based on UNDP's 2010 methodology,<ref>{{Cite web |title=What is the human development index (HDI)? How are relevant data queried? |url=https://eng.stat.gov.tw/public/Data/1513164433IGBKG0IN.pdf |access-date=26 October 2022 |archive-date=12 June 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210612071634/https://eng.stat.gov.tw/public/Data/1513164433IGBKG0IN.pdf |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=人類發展指數 |url=https://win.dgbas.gov.tw/eyimc/ebook/SB/statistcs-brief_opf_files/pdfs/statistcs-brief__.pdf |access-date=26 October 2022 |language=zh |archive-date=14 April 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210414101606/https://win.dgbas.gov.tw/eyimc/ebook/SB/statistcs-brief_opf_files/pdfs/statistcs-brief__.pdf | | style="text-align:left;"|{{flag2|Taiwan}}|| |N/A{{refn|group=Note|The [[Human Development Report|HDI annual report]] compiled by the [[UNDP]] does not include Taiwan because it is no longer a UN member state, and is neither included as part of the People's Republic of China by the UNDP when calculating data for China.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Nations |first=United |title=Data Reader's Guide |url=https://hdr.undp.org/reports-and-publications/2020-human-development-report/data-readers-guide |language=en |access-date=27 October 2022 |archive-date=28 October 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221028110944/https://hdr.undp.org/reports-and-publications/2020-human-development-report/data-readers-guide |url-status=live }}</ref> [[Directorate General of Budget, Accounting and Statistics|Taiwan's Statistical Bureau]] calculated its HDI to be 0.926 based on UNDP's 2010 methodology,<ref>{{Cite web |title=What is the human development index (HDI)? How are relevant data queried? |url=https://eng.stat.gov.tw/public/Data/1513164433IGBKG0IN.pdf |access-date=26 October 2022 |archive-date=12 June 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210612071634/https://eng.stat.gov.tw/public/Data/1513164433IGBKG0IN.pdf |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=人類發展指數 |url=https://win.dgbas.gov.tw/eyimc/ebook/SB/statistcs-brief_opf_files/pdfs/statistcs-brief__.pdf |access-date=26 October 2022 |language=zh |archive-date=14 April 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210414101606/https://win.dgbas.gov.tw/eyimc/ebook/SB/statistcs-brief_opf_files/pdfs/statistcs-brief__.pdf }}</ref> which would place Taiwan well within the group of "Very high human development" at 19th globally in 2021 within the 2022 UNDP report.<ref>{{Cite web |title=National Statistics, Republic of China (Taiwan) - Statistical Tables |url=https://eng.stat.gov.tw/ct.asp?xItem=25280&ctNode=6032&mp=5 |access-date=27 October 2022 |website=eng.stat.gov.tw |archive-date=16 October 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221016192219/https://eng.stat.gov.tw/ct.asp?xItem=25280&ctNode=6032&mp=5 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=國情統計通報 |url=https://ws.dgbas.gov.tw/Download.ashx?u=LzAwMS9VcGxvYWQvMC9yZWxmaWxlLzExMDIwLzIyOTU5MS9iNDdhNmYyYy1jNjY2LTRjZDAtYmQ2Ni03OGEyYjMwMmM4MzkucGRm&n=TjExMTEwMTQucGRm&icon=.pdf |access-date=26 October 2022 |language=zh |archive-date=11 February 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230211120125/https://ws.dgbas.gov.tw/Download.ashx?u=LzAwMS9VcGxvYWQvMC9yZWxmaWxlLzExMDIwLzIyOTU5MS9iNDdhNmYyYy1jNjY2LTRjZDAtYmQ2Ni03OGEyYjMwMmM4MzkucGRm&n=TjExMTEwMTQucGRm&icon=.pdf |url-status=live }}</ref>}}|| style="background:#98fb98;" |Yes since 1997<ref name="IMF1997" /> | ||
| style="background:#98fb98;"|Yes since 1987 | | style="background:#98fb98;"|Yes since 1987 | ||
|- | |- | ||
! colspan="4" |''1996'' | ! colspan="4" |''1996'' | ||
|- | |- | ||
| style="text-align:left;" |{{flag2|Ireland}}|| style="background:#98fb98;" |Yes since 1996|| style="background:#98fb98;" |Yes since 1945 | | style="text-align:left;" |{{flag2|Ireland}}|| style="background:#98fb98;" |Yes since 1996|| style="background:#98fb98;" |Yes since 1945{{fact|date=December 2025}} | ||
| style="background:#98fb98;" |Yes since 1987 | | style="background:#98fb98;" |Yes since 1987 | ||
|- | |- | ||
! colspan="4" |''1995'' | ! colspan="4" |''1995'' | ||
|- | |- | ||
| style="text-align:left;" |{{flag2|Spain}}|| style="background:#98fb98;" |Yes since 1995|| style="background:#98fb98;" |Yes since 1945 | | style="text-align:left;" |{{flag2|Spain}}|| style="background:#98fb98;" |Yes since 1995|| style="background:#98fb98;" |Yes since 1945{{fact|date=December 2025}} | ||
| style="background:#98fb98;" |Yes since 1987 | | style="background:#98fb98;" |Yes since 1987 | ||
|- | |- | ||
| style="text-align:left;" |{{flag2|Italy}}|| style="background:#98fb98;" |Yes since 1995|| style="background:#98fb98;" |Yes since 1945 | | style="text-align:left;" |{{flag2|Italy}}|| style="background:#98fb98;" |Yes since 1995|| style="background:#98fb98;" |Yes since 1945{{fact|date=December 2025}} | ||
| style="background:#98fb98;" |Yes since 1987 | | style="background:#98fb98;" |Yes since 1987 | ||
|- | |- | ||
! colspan="4" |''1994'' | ! colspan="4" |''1994'' | ||
|- | |- | ||
| style="text-align:left;" |{{flag2|Finland}}|| style="background:#98fb98;" |Yes since 1994|| style="background:#98fb98;" |Yes since 1945 | | style="text-align:left;" |{{flag2|Finland}}|| style="background:#98fb98;" |Yes since 1994|| style="background:#98fb98;" |Yes since 1945{{fact|date=December 2025}} | ||
| style="background:#98fb98;" |Yes since 1987 | | style="background:#98fb98;" |Yes since 1987 | ||
|- | |- | ||
! colspan="4" |''1993'' | ! colspan="4" |''1993'' | ||
|- | |- | ||
| style="text-align:left;" |{{flag2|France}}|| style="background:#98fb98;" |Yes since 1993|| style="background:#98fb98;" |Yes since 1945 | | style="text-align:left;" |{{flag2|France}}|| style="background:#98fb98;" |Yes since 1993|| style="background:#98fb98;" |Yes since 1945{{fact|date=December 2025}} | ||
| style="background:#98fb98;" |Yes since 1987 | | style="background:#98fb98;" |Yes since 1987 | ||
|- | |- | ||
! colspan="4" |''1992'' | ! colspan="4" |''1992'' | ||
|- | |- | ||
| style="text-align:left;" |{{flag2|United Kingdom}}|| style="background:#98fb98;" |Yes since 1992|| style="background:#98fb98;" |Yes since 1945 | | style="text-align:left;" |{{flag2|United Kingdom}}|| style="background:#98fb98;" |Yes since 1992|| style="background:#98fb98;" |Yes since 1945{{fact|date=December 2025}} | ||
| style="background:#98fb98;" |Yes since 1987 | | style="background:#98fb98;" |Yes since 1987 | ||
|- | |- | ||
| style="text-align:left;" |{{flag2|Austria}}|| style="background:#98fb98;" |Yes since 1992|| style="background:#98fb98;" |Yes since 1945 | | style="text-align:left;" |{{flag2|Austria}}|| style="background:#98fb98;" |Yes since 1992|| style="background:#98fb98;" |Yes since 1945{{fact|date=December 2025}} | ||
| style="background:#98fb98;" |Yes since 1987 | | style="background:#98fb98;" |Yes since 1987 | ||
|- | |- | ||
| style="text-align:left;" |{{flag2|Luxembourg}}|| style="background:#98fb98;" |Yes since 1992|| style="background:#98fb98;" |Yes since 1945 | | style="text-align:left;" |{{flag2|Luxembourg}}|| style="background:#98fb98;" |Yes since 1992|| style="background:#98fb98;" |Yes since 1945{{fact|date=December 2025}} | ||
| style="background:#98fb98;" |Yes since 1987 | | style="background:#98fb98;" |Yes since 1987 | ||
|- | |- | ||
! colspan="4" |''1991'' | ! colspan="4" |''1991'' | ||
|- | |- | ||
| style="text-align:left;" |{{flag2|Denmark}}|| style="background:#98fb98;" |Yes since 1991|| style="background:#98fb98;" |Yes since 1945 | | style="text-align:left;" |{{flag2|Denmark}}|| style="background:#98fb98;" |Yes since 1991|| style="background:#98fb98;" |Yes since 1945{{fact|date=December 2025}} | ||
| style="background:#98fb98;" |Yes since 1987 | | style="background:#98fb98;" |Yes since 1987 | ||
|- | |- | ||
! colspan="4" |''1987'' | ! colspan="4" |''1987'' | ||
|- | |- | ||
| style="text-align:left;" |{{flag2|New Zealand}}|| style="background:#98fb98;" |Yes before 1990|| style="background:#98fb98;" |Yes since 1945 | | style="text-align:left;" |{{flag2|New Zealand}}|| style="background:#98fb98;" |Yes before 1990|| style="background:#98fb98;" |Yes since 1945{{fact|date=December 2025}} | ||
| style="background:#98fb98;" |Yes since 1987 | | style="background:#98fb98;" |Yes since 1987 | ||
|- | |- | ||
| style="text-align:left;" |{{flag2|Iceland}}|| style="background:#98fb98;" |Yes before 1990|| style="background:#98fb98;" |Yes since 1945 | | style="text-align:left;" |{{flag2|Iceland}}|| style="background:#98fb98;" |Yes before 1990|| style="background:#98fb98;" |Yes since 1945{{fact|date=December 2025}} | ||
| style="background:#98fb98;" |Yes since 1987 | | style="background:#98fb98;" |Yes since 1987 | ||
|- | |- | ||
| style="text-align:left;" |{{flag2|Sweden}}|| style="background:#98fb98;" |Yes before 1990|| style="background:#98fb98;" |Yes since 1945 | | style="text-align:left;" |{{flag2|Sweden}}|| style="background:#98fb98;" |Yes before 1990|| style="background:#98fb98;" |Yes since 1945{{fact|date=December 2025}} | ||
| style="background:#98fb98;" |Yes since 1987 | | style="background:#98fb98;" |Yes since 1987 | ||
|- | |- | ||
| style="text-align:left;" |{{flag2|Australia}}|| style="background:#98fb98;" |Yes before 1990|| style="background:#98fb98;" |Yes since 1945 | | style="text-align:left;" |{{flag2|Australia}}|| style="background:#98fb98;" |Yes before 1990|| style="background:#98fb98;" |Yes since 1945{{fact|date=December 2025}} | ||
| style="background:#98fb98;" |Yes since 1987 | | style="background:#98fb98;" |Yes since 1987 | ||
|- | |- | ||
| style="text-align:left;" |{{flag2|Belgium}}|| style="background:#98fb98;" |Yes before 1990|| style="background:#98fb98;" |Yes since 1945 | | style="text-align:left;" |{{flag2|Belgium}}|| style="background:#98fb98;" |Yes before 1990|| style="background:#98fb98;" |Yes since 1945{{fact|date=December 2025}} | ||
| style="background:#98fb98;" |Yes since 1987 | | style="background:#98fb98;" |Yes since 1987 | ||
|- | |- | ||
| style="text-align:left;" |{{flag2|Canada}}|| style="background:#98fb98;" |Yes before 1990|| style="background:#98fb98;" |Yes since 1945 | | style="text-align:left;" |{{flag2|Canada}}|| style="background:#98fb98;" |Yes before 1990|| style="background:#98fb98;" |Yes since 1945{{fact|date=December 2025}} | ||
| style="background:#98fb98;" |Yes since 1987 | | style="background:#98fb98;" |Yes since 1987 | ||
|- | |- | ||
| style="text-align:left;" |{{flag2|Germany}}|| style="background:#98fb98;" |Yes before 1990|| style="background:#98fb98;" |Yes since 1945 | | style="text-align:left;" |{{flag2|Germany}}|| style="background:#98fb98;" |Yes before 1990|| style="background:#98fb98;" |Yes since 1945{{fact|date=December 2025}} | ||
| style="background:#98fb98;" |Yes since 1987 | | style="background:#98fb98;" |Yes since 1987 | ||
|- | |- | ||
| style="text-align:left;" |{{flag2|Japan}}|| style="background:#98fb98;" |Yes before 1990|| style="background:#98fb98;" |Yes since 1945 | | style="text-align:left;" |{{flag2|Japan}}|| style="background:#98fb98;" |Yes before 1990|| style="background:#98fb98;" |Yes since 1945{{fact|date=December 2025}} | ||
| style="background:#98fb98;" |Yes since 1987 | | style="background:#98fb98;" |Yes since 1987 | ||
|- | |- | ||
| style="text-align:left;" |{{flag2|Netherlands}}|| style="background:#98fb98;" |Yes before 1990|| style="background:#98fb98;" |Yes since 1945 | | style="text-align:left;" |{{flag2|Netherlands}}|| style="background:#98fb98;" |Yes before 1990|| style="background:#98fb98;" |Yes since 1945{{fact|date=December 2025}} | ||
| style="background:#98fb98;" |Yes since 1987 | | style="background:#98fb98;" |Yes since 1987 | ||
|- | |- | ||
| style="text-align:left;" |{{flag2|United States}}|| style="background:#98fb98;" |Yes before 1990|| style="background:#98fb98;" |Yes since 1945 | | style="text-align:left;" |{{flag2|United States}}|| style="background:#98fb98;" |Yes before 1990|| style="background:#98fb98;" |Yes since 1945{{fact|date=December 2025}} | ||
| style="background:#98fb98;" |Yes since 1987 | | style="background:#98fb98;" |Yes since 1987 | ||
|- | |- | ||
| style="text-align:left;" |{{flag2|Norway}}|| style="background:#98fb98;" |Yes before 1990|| style="background:#98fb98;" |Yes since 1945 | | style="text-align:left;" |{{flag2|Norway}}|| style="background:#98fb98;" |Yes before 1990|| style="background:#98fb98;" |Yes since 1945{{fact|date=December 2025}} | ||
| style="background:#98fb98;" |Yes since 1987 | | style="background:#98fb98;" |Yes since 1987 | ||
|- | |- | ||
| style="text-align:left;" |{{flag2|Switzerland}}|| style="background:#98fb98;" |Yes before 1990|| style="background:#98fb98;" |Yes since 1945 | | style="text-align:left;" |{{flag2|Switzerland}}|| style="background:#98fb98;" |Yes before 1990|| style="background:#98fb98;" |Yes since 1945{{fact|date=December 2025}} | ||
| style="background:#98fb98;" |Yes since 1987 | | style="background:#98fb98;" |Yes since 1987 | ||
|- | |- | ||
| Line 897: | Line 898: | ||
|- | |- | ||
!Countries | !Countries | ||
!HDI<ref name=" | !HDI<ref name="overview2"/> | ||
!IMF<ref name=":1" /> | !IMF<ref name=":1" /> | ||
!WB<ref name=":2" /> | !WB<ref name=":2" /> | ||
|- | |- | ||
| style="text-align:left;" | {{flag2|Russia}} || style="background:#98fb98;" |Yes since 2013|| style="background:#ffa07a;" | No || style="background:#98fb98;" | Yes since 2023 | | style="text-align:left;" | {{flag2|Russia}} || style="background:#98fb98;" |Yes since 2013|| style="background:#ffa07a;" | No || style="background:#98fb98;" | Yes since 2023 | ||
|- | |||
|{{flag2|Costa Rica}} | |||
| style="background:#98fb98;" |Yes since 2019 | |||
| style="background:#ffa07a;" |No | |||
| style="background:#98fb98;" |Yes since 2024 | |||
|- | |||
|- | |- | ||
|{{flag2|Uruguay}} | |{{flag2|Uruguay}} | ||
| Line 966: | Line 973: | ||
|- | |- | ||
| style="text-align:left;" | {{flag2|Serbia}} || style="background:#98fb98;" |Yes since 2019|| style="background:#ffa07a;" | No || style="background:#ffa07a;" | No | | style="text-align:left;" | {{flag2|Serbia}} || style="background:#98fb98;" |Yes since 2019|| style="background:#ffa07a;" | No || style="background:#ffa07a;" | No | ||
|- | |- | ||
| style="text-align:left;" |{{flag2|Argentina}}|| style="background:#98fb98;" |Yes since 2006|| style="background:#ffa07a;" |No|| style="background:#ffa07a;" |No | | style="text-align:left;" |{{flag2|Argentina}}|| style="background:#98fb98;" |Yes since 2006|| style="background:#ffa07a;" |No|| style="background:#ffa07a;" |No | ||
| Line 1,032: | Line 1,037: | ||
== See also == | == See also == | ||
{{col div|colwidth= | {{col div|colwidth=30em}} | ||
* [[Developed market]] | |||
* [[Developing country]] | |||
* [[Digital divide]] | * [[Digital divide]] | ||
* [[D-10 Strategy Forum]] | |||
* [[First World privilege]] | * [[First World privilege]] | ||
* [[Globalization]] | * [[Globalization]] | ||
* [[G7]] | * [[G7]] | ||
* [[List of countries by wealth per adult]] | * [[List of countries by wealth per adult]] | ||
* [[ | * [[World Bank high-income economy]] | ||
{{colend}} | {{colend}} | ||
Latest revision as of 20:42, 27 December 2025
Template:Short description Script error: No such module "redirect hatnote". Script error: No such module "For". Template:Pp-pc Template:Use dmy dates
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A developed country, or advanced country,[1][2] is a country that has a high quality of life, developed economy, and advanced technological infrastructure relative to other less industrialized nations. Most commonly, the criteria for evaluating the degree of economic development are the gross domestic product (GDP), gross national product (GNP), the per capita income, level of industrialization, amount of widespread infrastructure and general standard of living.[3] Which criteria are to be used and which countries can be classified as being developed are subjects of debate. Different definitions of developed countries are provided by the International Monetary Fund and the World Bank; moreover, HDI ranking is used to reflect the composite index of life expectancy, education, and income per capita. In 2025, 40 countries fit all three criteria, while an additional 22 countries fit two out of three.
Developed countries have generally more advanced post-industrial economies, meaning the service sector provides more wealth than the industrial sector. They are contrasted with developing countries, which are in the process of industrialisation or are pre-industrial and almost entirely agrarian, some of which might fall into the category of Least Developed Countries. since 2023[update]Template:Dated maintenance category (articles)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters"., advanced economies comprise 57.3% of global GDP based on nominal values and 41.1% of global GDP based on purchasing-power parity (PPP) according to the IMF.[4]
Definition and criteria
Economic criteria have tended to dominate discussions. One such criterion is the income per capita; countries with the high gross domestic product (GDP) per capita would thus be described as developed countries. Another economic criterion is industrialisation; countries in which the tertiary and quaternary sectors of industry dominate would thus be described as developed. More recently, another measure, the Human Development Index (HDI), which combines an economic measure, national income, with other measures, indices for life expectancy and education has become prominent. This criterion would define developed countries as those with a very high (HDI) rating. The index, however, does not take into account several factors, such as the net wealth per capita or the relative quality of goods in a country. This situation tends to lower the ranking of some of the most advanced countries, such as the G7 members and others.[5][6]
According to the United Nations Statistics Division:
There is no established convention for the designation of "developed" and "developing" countries or areas in the United Nations system.[7]
And it notes that:
The designations "developed" and "developing" are intended for statistical convenience and do not necessarily express a judgement about the stage reached by a particular country or area in the development process.[8]
Nevertheless, the UN Trade and Development considers that this categorization can continue to be applied:
The developed economies broadly comprise Northern America and Europe, Israel, Japan, the Republic of Korea, Australia, and New Zealand.[9]
Similar terms
Script error: No such module "Labelled list hatnote". Terms linked to the concept developed country include "advanced country", "industrialized country", "more developed country" (MDC), "more economically developed country" (MEDC), "Global North country", "first world country", and "post-industrial country". The term industrialized country may be somewhat ambiguous, as industrialisation is an ongoing process that is hard to define. The first industrialized country was the United Kingdom, followed by Belgium. Later it spread further to Germany, United States, France and other Western European countries. According to some economists such as Jeffrey Sachs, however, the current divide between the developed and developing world is largely a phenomenon of the 20th century.[10]
Mathis Wackernagel calls the binary labeling of countries as "neither descriptive nor explanatory. It is merely a thoughtless and destructive endorsement of GDP fetish. In reality, there are not two types of countries, but over 200 countries, all faced with the same laws of nature, yet each with unique features."[11]
A 2021 analysis proposes the term emerged to describe markets, economies, or countries that have graduated from emerging market status, but have not yet reached the level equivalent to developed countries.[12] Multinational corporations from these emerging markets present unique patterns of overseas expansion and knowledge acquisition from foreign countries.
Economy lists by various criteria
Human Development Index (HDI)
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The UN HDI is a statistical measure that gauges an economy's level of human development. While there is a strong correlation between having a high HDI score and being a prosperous economy, the UN points out that the HDI accounts for more than income or productivity. Unlike GDP per capita or per capita income, the HDI takes into account how income is turned "into education and health opportunities and therefore into higher levels of human development."
Since 1990, Norway (2001–2006, 2009–2019), Japan (1990–1991 and 1993), Canada (1992 and 1994–2000) and Iceland (2007–2008) have had the highest HDI score.
The following countries in the year 2023 are considered to be of "very high human development":[13]
Template:Sticky headerTemplate:Sort under
| Rank | Template:DELTA | Country or territory | HDI value | % annual growth (2010–2023) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Script error: No such module "sort". | File:Flag of Iceland.svg Iceland | 0.972 | Script error: No such module "sort". |
| 2 | Script error: No such module "sort". | File:Flag of Norway.svg Norway | 0.970 | Script error: No such module "sort". |
| Script error: No such module "sort". | File:Flag of Switzerland (Pantone).svg Switzerland | Script error: No such module "sort". | ||
| 4 | Script error: No such module "sort". | File:Flag of Denmark.svg Denmark | 0.962 | Script error: No such module "sort". |
| 5 | Script error: No such module "sort". | File:Flag of Germany.svg Germany | 0.959 | Script error: No such module "sort". |
| Script error: No such module "sort". | File:Flag of Sweden.svg Sweden | Script error: No such module "sort". | ||
| 7 | Script error: No such module "sort". | File:Flag of Australia (converted).svg Australia | 0.958 | Script error: No such module "sort". |
| 8 | Script error: No such module "sort". | File:Flag of the Netherlands.svg Netherlands | 0.955 | Script error: No such module "sort". |
| Script error: No such module "sort". | File:Flag of Hong Kong.svg Hong Kong | Script error: No such module "sort". | ||
| 10 | Script error: No such module "sort". | File:Flag of Belgium (civil).svg Belgium | 0.951 | Script error: No such module "sort". |
| 11 | Script error: No such module "sort". | File:Flag of Ireland.svg Ireland | 0.949 | Script error: No such module "sort". |
| 12 | Script error: No such module "sort". | File:Flag of Finland.svg Finland | 0.948 | Script error: No such module "sort". |
| 13 | Script error: No such module "sort". | File:Flag of Singapore.svg Singapore | 0.946 | Script error: No such module "sort". |
| Script error: No such module "sort". | File:Flag of the United Kingdom.svg United Kingdom | Script error: No such module "sort". | ||
| 15 | Script error: No such module "sort". | File:Flag of the United Arab Emirates.svg United Arab Emirates | 0.940 | Script error: No such module "sort". |
| 16 | Script error: No such module "sort". | File:Flag of Canada (Pantone).svg Canada | 0.939 | Script error: No such module "sort". |
| 17 | Script error: No such module "sort". | File:Flag of Liechtenstein.svg Liechtenstein | 0.938 | Script error: No such module "sort". |
| Script error: No such module "sort". | File:Flag of New Zealand.svg New Zealand | Script error: No such module "sort". | ||
| Script error: No such module "sort". | File:Flag of the United States.svg United States | Script error: No such module "sort". | ||
| 20 | Script error: No such module "sort". | File:Flag of South Korea.svg South Korea | 0.937 | Script error: No such module "sort". |
| 21 | Script error: No such module "sort". | File:Flag of Slovenia.svg Slovenia | 0.931 | Script error: No such module "sort". |
| 22 | Script error: No such module "sort". | File:Flag of Austria.svg Austria | 0.930 | Script error: No such module "sort". |
| 23 | Script error: No such module "sort". | File:Flag of Japan.svg Japan | 0.925 | Script error: No such module "sort". |
| 24 | Script error: No such module "sort". | File:Flag of Malta.svg Malta | 0.924 | Script error: No such module "sort". |
| 25 | Script error: No such module "sort". | File:Flag of Luxembourg.svg Luxembourg | 0.922 | Script error: No such module "sort". |
| 26 | Script error: No such module "sort". | File:Flag of France.svg France | 0.920 | Script error: No such module "sort". |
| 27 | Script error: No such module "sort". | File:Flag of Israel.svg Israel | 0.919 | Script error: No such module "sort". |
| 28 | Script error: No such module "sort". | File:Flag of Spain.svg Spain | 0.918 | Script error: No such module "sort". |
| 29 | Script error: No such module "sort". | File:Flag of the Czech Republic.svg Czech Republic | 0.915 | Script error: No such module "sort". |
| Script error: No such module "sort". | File:Flag of Italy.svg Italy | Script error: No such module "sort". | ||
| Script error: No such module "sort". | File:Flag of San Marino.svg San Marino | Script error: No such module "sort". | ||
| 32 | Script error: No such module "sort". | File:Flag of Cyprus.svg Cyprus | 0.913 | Script error: No such module "sort". |
| Script error: No such module "sort". | File:Flag of Andorra.svg Andorra | Script error: No such module "sort". | ||
| 34 | Script error: No such module "sort". | File:Flag of Greece.svg Greece | 0.908 | Script error: No such module "sort". |
| 35 | Script error: No such module "sort". | File:Flag of Poland.svg Poland | 0.906 | Script error: No such module "sort". |
| 36 | Script error: No such module "sort". | File:Flag of Estonia.svg Estonia | 0.905 | Script error: No such module "sort". |
| 37 | Script error: No such module "sort". | File:Flag of Saudi Arabia.svg Saudi Arabia | 0.900 | Script error: No such module "sort". |
| 38 | Script error: No such module "sort". | File:Flag of Bahrain.svg Bahrain | 0.899 | Script error: No such module "sort". |
| 39 | Script error: No such module "sort". | File:Flag of Lithuania.svg Lithuania | 0.895 | Script error: No such module "sort". |
| 40 | Script error: No such module "sort". | File:Flag of Portugal.svg Portugal | 0.890 | Script error: No such module "sort". |
| 41 | Script error: No such module "sort". | File:Flag of Latvia.svg Latvia | 0.889 | Script error: No such module "sort". |
| Script error: No such module "sort". | File:Flag of Croatia.svg Croatia | Script error: No such module "sort". | ||
| 43 | Script error: No such module "sort". | File:Flag of Qatar.svg Qatar | 0.886 | Script error: No such module "sort". |
| 44 | Script error: No such module "sort". | File:Flag of Slovakia.svg Slovakia | 0.880 | Script error: No such module "sort". |
| 45 | Script error: No such module "sort". | File:Flag of Chile.svg Chile | 0.878 | Script error: No such module "sort". |
| 46 | Script error: No such module "sort". | File:Flag of Hungary.svg Hungary | 0.870 | Script error: No such module "sort". |
| 47 | Script error: No such module "sort". | File:Flag of Argentina.svg Argentina | 0.865 | Script error: No such module "sort". |
| 48 | Script error: No such module "sort". | File:Flag of Montenegro.svg Montenegro | 0.862 | Script error: No such module "sort". |
| Script error: No such module "sort". | File:Flag of Uruguay.svg Uruguay | Script error: No such module "sort". | ||
| 50 | Script error: No such module "sort". | File:Flag of Oman.svg Oman | 0.858 | Script error: No such module "sort". |
| 51 | Script error: No such module "sort". | File:Flag of Turkey.svg Turkey | 0.853 | Script error: No such module "sort". |
| 52 | Script error: No such module "sort". | File:Flag of Kuwait.svg Kuwait | 0.852 | Script error: No such module "sort". |
| 53 | Script error: No such module "sort". | File:Flag of Antigua and Barbuda.svg Antigua and Barbuda | 0.851 | Script error: No such module "sort". |
| 54 | Script error: No such module "sort". | File:Flag of Seychelles.svg Seychelles | 0.848 | Script error: No such module "sort". |
| 55 | Script error: No such module "sort". | File:Flag of Bulgaria.svg Bulgaria | 0.845 | Script error: No such module "sort". |
| Script error: No such module "sort". | File:Flag of Romania.svg Romania | Script error: No such module "sort". | ||
| 57 | Script error: No such module "sort". | Template:Country data Georgia | 0.844 | Script error: No such module "sort". |
| 58 | Script error: No such module "sort". | File:Flag of Saint Kitts and Nevis.svg Saint Kitts and Nevis | 0.840 | Script error: No such module "sort". |
| 59 | Script error: No such module "sort". | File:Flag of Panama.svg Panama | 0.839 | Script error: No such module "sort". |
| 60 | Script error: No such module "sort". | File:Flag of Brunei.svg Brunei | 0.837 | Script error: No such module "sort". |
| Script error: No such module "sort". | File:Flag of Kazakhstan.svg Kazakhstan | Script error: No such module "sort". | ||
| 62 | Script error: No such module "sort". | File:Flag of Costa Rica.svg Costa Rica | 0.833 | Script error: No such module "sort". |
| Script error: No such module "sort". | File:Flag of Serbia.svg Serbia | Script error: No such module "sort". | ||
| 64 | Script error: No such module "sort". | File:Flag of Russia.svg Russia | 0.832 | Script error: No such module "sort". |
| 65 | Script error: No such module "sort". | File:Flag of Belarus.svg Belarus | 0.824 | Script error: No such module "sort". |
| 66 | Script error: No such module "sort". | File:Flag of the Bahamas.svg Bahamas | 0.820 | Script error: No such module "sort". |
| 67 | Script error: No such module "sort". | File:Flag of Malaysia.svg Malaysia | 0.819 | Script error: No such module "sort". |
| 68 | Script error: No such module "sort". | Template:Country data North Macedonia | 0.815 | Script error: No such module "sort". |
| 69 | Script error: No such module "sort". | File:Flag of Barbados.svg Barbados | 0.811 | Script error: No such module "sort". |
| Script error: No such module "sort". | File:Flag of Armenia.svg Armenia | Script error: No such module "sort". | ||
| 71 | Script error: No such module "sort". | File:Flag of Albania.svg Albania | 0.810 | Script error: No such module "sort". |
| 72 | Script error: No such module "sort". | File:Flag of Trinidad and Tobago.svg Trinidad and Tobago | 0.807 | Script error: No such module "sort". |
| 73 | Script error: No such module "sort". | File:Flag of Mauritius.svg Mauritius | 0.806 | Script error: No such module "sort". |
| 74 | Script error: No such module "sort". | File:Flag of Bosnia and Herzegovina.svg Bosnia and Herzegovina | 0.804 | Script error: No such module "sort". |
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WESP developed economies
According to the United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs' World Economic Situation and Prospects report, the following 37 countries are classified as "developed economies" as of January 2025:[14]
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two countries in North America: Script error: No such module "Template wrapper".Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
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World Bank high-income economies
According to the World Bank, the following sovereign states and territories across are classified as high-income economies, having a nominal GNI per capita in excess of $13,935. as of the 2025 fiscal year:[15]
Non-sovereign Territories are denoted by an asterisk (*).
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Development Assistance Committee members
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There are 32 OECD member countries and the European Union—in the Development Assistance Committee (DAC),[16] a group of the world's major donor countries that discusses issues surrounding development aid and poverty reduction in developing countries.[17] The following OECD member countries are DAC members:
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IMF advanced economies
Countries described as Advanced Economies by the IMF
Developed countries (IMF)
<templatestyles src="Legend/styles.css" /> Developing countries (IMF)
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World map showing country classifications per the IMF[18] and the UN[19] (last updated April 2023). "Developed economies" according to this classification scheme are shown in blue. The map does not include classifications by the World Bank.
According to the International Monetary Fund, 41 countries and territories are officially listed as "advanced economies",[18][20] with the addition of 7 microstates and dependencies modified by the CIA which were omitted from the IMF version:[21]
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d The CIA has modified an older version of the IMF's list of 38 Advanced Economies, noting that the IMF's Advanced Economies list "would presumably also cover the following nine smaller countries of Andorra, Bermuda, Faroe Islands, Guernsey, Holy See, Jersey, Liechtenstein, Monaco, and San Marino[...]". San Marino (2012) and Andorra (2021) were later included in the IMF's list.[21]
Paris Club members
There are 22 permanent members in the Paris Club (Template:Langx), a group of officials from major creditor countries whose role is to find coordinated and sustainable solutions to the payment difficulties experienced by debtor countries.
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Comparative table (2025)
Comparative table of countries with a "very high" human development (0.800 or higher), according to UNDP; "advanced" economies, according to the IMF; "high-income" economies, according to the World Bank.
| Developed countries | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Countries | HDI[22] | IMF[23] | WB[24] |
| 2023 | |||
| File:Flag of Croatia.svg Croatia | Yes since 2007 | Yes since 2023 | Yes since 2017 |
| 2021 | |||
| File:Flag of San Marino.svg San Marino | Yes since 2021 | Yes since 2012 | Yes since 2000 |
| 2020 | |||
| File:Flag of Andorra.svg Andorra | Yes since 2003 | Yes since 2020 | Yes since 1990 |
| 2015 | |||
| File:Flag of Lithuania.svg Lithuania | Yes since 2005 | Yes since 2015 | Yes since 2012 |
| 2014 | |||
| File:Flag of Latvia.svg Latvia | Yes since 2005 | Yes since 2014 | Yes since 2012 |
| 2011 | |||
| File:Flag of Estonia.svg Estonia | Yes since 2003 | Yes since 2011 | Yes since 2006 |
| 2009 | |||
| File:Flag of Slovakia.svg Slovakia | Yes since 2006 | Yes since 2009 | Yes since 2007 |
| File:Flag of the Czech Republic.svg Czech Republic | Yes since 2001 | Yes since 2009 | Yes since 2006 |
| 2008 | |||
| File:Flag of Malta.svg Malta | Yes since 2003 | Yes since 2008 | Yes since 2002 |
| File:Flag of Liechtenstein.svg Liechtenstein | Yes since 2000 | Yes since 2008 | Yes since 1990 |
| File:Flag of Monaco.svg Monaco | Yes before 1990[25] | Yes since 2008 | Yes before 1990 |
| 2007 | |||
| File:Flag of Slovenia.svg Slovenia | Yes since 1998 | Yes since 2007 | Yes since 1997 |
| 2005 | |||
| File:Flag of Portugal.svg Portugal | Yes since 2005 | Yes since 1989[26] | Yes since 1994 |
| 2001 | |||
| File:Flag of Greece.svg Greece | Yes since 2001 | Yes since 1989[26] | Yes since 1996 |
| File:Flag of South Korea.svg South Korea | Yes since 1999 | Yes since 1997[27] | Yes since 2001 |
| File:Flag of Cyprus.svg Cyprus | Yes since 2001 | Yes since 2001 | Yes since 1988 |
| 1999 | |||
| File:Flag of Singapore.svg Singapore | Yes since 1999 | Yes since 1997[27] | Yes since 1987 |
| 1997 | |||
| File:Flag of Israel.svg Israel | Yes since 1991 | Yes since 1997[27] | Yes since 1987 |
| File:Flag of the Republic of China.svg Taiwan | N/ATemplate:Refn | Yes since 1997[27] | Yes since 1987 |
| 1996 | |||
| File:Flag of Ireland.svg Ireland | Yes since 1996 | Yes since 1945Template:Fact | Yes since 1987 |
| 1995 | |||
| File:Flag of Spain.svg Spain | Yes since 1995 | Yes since 1945Template:Fact | Yes since 1987 |
| File:Flag of Italy.svg Italy | Yes since 1995 | Yes since 1945Template:Fact | Yes since 1987 |
| 1994 | |||
| File:Flag of Finland.svg Finland | Yes since 1994 | Yes since 1945Template:Fact | Yes since 1987 |
| 1993 | |||
| File:Flag of France.svg France | Yes since 1993 | Yes since 1945Template:Fact | Yes since 1987 |
| 1992 | |||
| File:Flag of the United Kingdom.svg United Kingdom | Yes since 1992 | Yes since 1945Template:Fact | Yes since 1987 |
| File:Flag of Austria.svg Austria | Yes since 1992 | Yes since 1945Template:Fact | Yes since 1987 |
| File:Flag of Luxembourg.svg Luxembourg | Yes since 1992 | Yes since 1945Template:Fact | Yes since 1987 |
| 1991 | |||
| File:Flag of Denmark.svg Denmark | Yes since 1991 | Yes since 1945Template:Fact | Yes since 1987 |
| 1987 | |||
| File:Flag of New Zealand.svg New Zealand | Yes before 1990 | Yes since 1945Template:Fact | Yes since 1987 |
| File:Flag of Iceland.svg Iceland | Yes before 1990 | Yes since 1945Template:Fact | Yes since 1987 |
| File:Flag of Sweden.svg Sweden | Yes before 1990 | Yes since 1945Template:Fact | Yes since 1987 |
| File:Flag of Australia (converted).svg Australia | Yes before 1990 | Yes since 1945Template:Fact | Yes since 1987 |
| File:Flag of Belgium (civil).svg Belgium | Yes before 1990 | Yes since 1945Template:Fact | Yes since 1987 |
| File:Flag of Canada (Pantone).svg Canada | Yes before 1990 | Yes since 1945Template:Fact | Yes since 1987 |
| File:Flag of Germany.svg Germany | Yes before 1990 | Yes since 1945Template:Fact | Yes since 1987 |
| File:Flag of Japan.svg Japan | Yes before 1990 | Yes since 1945Template:Fact | Yes since 1987 |
| File:Flag of the Netherlands.svg Netherlands | Yes before 1990 | Yes since 1945Template:Fact | Yes since 1987 |
| File:Flag of the United States.svg United States | Yes before 1990 | Yes since 1945Template:Fact | Yes since 1987 |
| File:Flag of Norway.svg Norway | Yes before 1990 | Yes since 1945Template:Fact | Yes since 1987 |
| File:Flag of Switzerland (Pantone).svg Switzerland | Yes before 1990 | Yes since 1945Template:Fact | Yes since 1987 |
| In process | |||
| Countries | HDI[22] | IMF[23] | WB[24] |
| File:Flag of Russia.svg Russia | Yes since 2013 | No | Yes since 2023 |
| File:Flag of Costa Rica.svg Costa Rica | Yes since 2019 | No | Yes since 2024 |
| File:Flag of Uruguay.svg Uruguay | Yes since 2014 | No | Yes since 2012 |
| File:Flag of Chile.svg Chile | Yes since 2007 | No | Yes since 2012 |
| File:Flag of Trinidad and Tobago.svg Trinidad and Tobago | Yes since 2021 | No | Yes since 2006 |
| File:Flag of Romania.svg Romania | Yes since 2013 | No | Yes since 2021 |
| File:Flag of Panama.svg Panama | Yes since 2019 | No | Yes since 2021 |
| File:Flag of the Bahamas.svg Bahamas | Yes since 2016 | No | Yes since 1987 |
| File:Flag of Hungary.svg Hungary | Yes since 2005 | No | Yes since 2014 |
| File:Flag of Poland.svg Poland | Yes since 2003 | No | Yes since 2009 |
| File:Flag of Kuwait.svg Kuwait | Yes since 2014 | No | Yes since 1987 |
| File:Flag of Bahrain.svg Bahrain | Yes since 2012 | No | Yes since 2001 |
| File:Flag of Oman.svg Oman | Yes since 2012 | No | Yes since 2007 |
| File:Flag of Saudi Arabia.svg Saudi Arabia | Yes since 2010 | No | Yes since 2004 |
| File:Flag of the United Arab Emirates.svg United Arab Emirates | Yes since 2004 | No | Yes since 1987 |
| File:Flag of Brunei.svg Brunei | Yes since 1999 | No | Yes since 1990 |
| File:Flag of Qatar.svg Qatar | Yes since 1996 | No | Yes since 1987 |
| File:Flag of Saint Kitts and Nevis.svg Saint Kitts and Nevis | Yes since 2011 | No | Yes since 2012 |
| File:Flag of Seychelles.svg Seychelles | Yes since 2022 | No | Yes since 2014 |
| File:Flag of Antigua and Barbuda.svg Antigua and Barbuda | Yes since 2007 | No | Yes since 2012 |
| File:Flag of Barbados.svg Barbados | Yes since 2016 | No | Yes since 2006 |
| File:Flag of Bulgaria.svg Bulgaria | Yes since 2021 | No | Yes since 2023 |
| Other recognitions | |||
| Countries | HDI[28] | IMF[23] | WB[24] |
| File:Flag of Serbia.svg Serbia | Yes since 2019 | No | No |
| File:Flag of Argentina.svg Argentina | Yes since 2006 | No | No |
| File:Flag of Montenegro.svg Montenegro | Yes since 2013 | No | No |
| File:Flag of Kazakhstan.svg Kazakhstan | Yes since 2015 | No | No |
| File:Flag of Malaysia.svg Malaysia | Yes since 2016 | No | No |
| File:Flag of Turkey.svg Turkey | Yes since 2015 | No | No |
| Template:Country data Georgia | Yes since 2019 | No | No |
| File:Flag of Belarus.svg Belarus | Yes since 2012 | No | No |
| File:Flag of Mauritius.svg Mauritius | Yes since 2025 | No | No |
| File:Flag of Bosnia and Herzegovina.svg Bosnia and Herzegovina | Yes since 2025 | No | No |
| File:Flag of Armenia.svg Armenia | Yes since 2025 | No | No |
| File:Flag of Albania.svg Albania | Yes since 2025 | No | No |
| Template:Country data North Macedonia | Yes since 2025 | No | No |
| File:Flag of Guyana.svg Guyana | No | No | Yes since 2022 |
| File:Flag of Nauru.svg Nauru | No | No | Yes since 2019 |
| File:Flag of Palau.svg Palau | No | No | Yes since 2023 |
See also
- Developed market
- Developing country
- Digital divide
- D-10 Strategy Forum
- First World privilege
- Globalization
- G7
- List of countries by wealth per adult
- World Bank high-income economy
Notes
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References
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- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
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- ↑ Developed Economy Definition Template:Webarchive. Investopedia (16 April 2010). Retrieved 12 July 2013.
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- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ Peer reviews of DAC members – Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development Template:Webarchive. Oecd.org. Retrieved 22 October 2013.
- ↑ DAC website >> "The DAC in Dates" Template:Webarchive, On the DAC's self-description, see the introductory letter. On other events, refer to the relevant section by date.
- ↑ a b Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
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External links
- Template:Sister-inline
- IMF (advanced economies)
- The World Factbook Template:Webarchive (developed countries)
- United Nations Statistics Division (definition)
- List of countries, United Nations Statistics Division (developed regions)
- World Bank (high-income economies)
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