View source for Temple ring

[[File:Белгородская слобода 2013 52.JPG|thumb|Reconstruction of [[Severians|Severian]] headdress with temple rings]]
{{About|the item of headwear|rings used in Germanic pagan religious practice|Rings in Germanic cultures}}
[[File:Viking female using the drop spindle.jpg|thumb|240px|Woman in medieval Viking dress using a [[drop spindle]] and wearing multiple temple rings]]
A '''temple ring''' is an ornament that hangs from a [[headdress]] or in [[braids]] of hair in the front area at the side of the head{{snd}} i.e. near a person's [[Temple (anatomy)|anatomical temple]].  Temple rings were part of [[Slavic peoples|Slavic]], Scandinavian and others' medieval women's dress. Most were made of base metals such as copper alloys or iron, though silver and even gold were occasionally used. These were known as temple rings because they were worn on the head, near the temples of a woman or a girl.

==Slavic temple rings==
[[File:Flag of Rybolovskoe (Moscow oblast).png|thumb|Flag of Rybolovsk in [[Ramensky District]]]]
Temple rings were characteristic decorations of Slavic women. Different tribes had their own designs and they were made out of various metals. The rings were attached to a string that became part of a headdress or they were woven directly into braids of hair. The earliest archeological evidence of temple rings was found in the [[Catacomb culture]], [[Únětice culture]] and [[Karasuk culture]]. Later they were also found in the [[Chernoles culture]]. Temple rings were most popular between the 8th and 12th centuries, possibly influenced by the [[Arab culture|Arab]] and [[Byzantine Empire|Byzantine]] cultures.

In later fashion styles, a temple ring was replaced by the [[kolt]] hanging from a [[ryasna]].

'''Types of Slavic temple rings'''
{| class="wikitable sortable"
|- style="background:#efefef;"
!
! Type
! Ethnic origin
! Description
! Region
! Time period
|-
| [[File:Temporalring.svg|100px]]
| [[Seven rays]]
| Ramensk, [[Radimichs]], [[Severians]]<ref name=Metalloplastika>''Шпилев А. Г.'' [http://books.monetonos.ru/Kladoickatel,stvo/Metalloplastika/kolca.pdf Лучевые и лопастные височные кольца  Курского края (IX – начало XIII вв.)] — Курск: Курский государственный областной музей археологии, 2007</ref><ref name=autogenerated1>[http://behistory.ru/article/30/ Классификация и культурная атрибутация лучевых височных колец] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150206233109/http://behistory.ru/article/30/ |date=2015-02-06 }}</ref>
| 
| [[Kursk Oblast]]
| 8th–12th centuries<ref name=autogenerated1 />
|-
|[[File:Temple rings 3 - Rus' 12-13c - Museum of Archaeology of Moscow.jpg|100px]]
| Braceleted
| [[Krivichs]]
| Wire rings with a diameter of 5 to 10&nbsp;cm, with the ends tied in a knot. Sometimes additional dandles or [[bangle]]s were added to the ring.<ref>[http://www.historylib.org/historybooks/Valentin-Sedov_Drevnerusskaya-narodnost--Istoriko-arkheologicheskoe-issledovanie/10 Формирование смоленско-полоцких кривичей. Валентин Седов.Древнерусская народность. Историко-археологическое исследование. Книги по истории онлайн. Электронная библиотека<!-- Заголовок добавлен ботом -->]</ref>
|[[Vitebsk Region]] [[Minsk Region]]<ref>[http://museum.logoysk.info/ru/tyszkiewicz/62-archeology/162-archaeological-finds.html Археологические находки]</ref> [[Pskov Oblast]], [[Kaluga Oblast]], [[Nizhny Novgorod Oblast]], [[Ryazan Oblast]]<ref>[http://www.historylib.org/historybooks/V--V--Sedov_Slavyane--Istoriko-arkheologicheskoe-issledovanie/28 Славяне. Историко-археологическое исследование]</ref> [[Smolensk Oblast]] 
| 5th–7th centuries
|-
| [[File:Novgorod_Slovenes_temple_rings_GIM.jpg|100px]]
| [[Shield]]
| [[Ilmen Slavs]]
| bronze rings with the shape of a [[Lozenge (shape)|lozenge]] either hammered into the ring or attached.<ref>[http://asgard.tgorod.ru/libri.php3?cont=_femnovg Женский костюм Новгорода XI-XII вв]</ref>
| [[Gatchinsky District]]<ref>[http://history-gatchina.ru/land/kurgany/kurgany6.htm Археологические памятники Гатчинского района]</ref> [[Novgorod Oblast]].
| 
|-
| [[File:Belarus-Minsk-National museum of history and culture of Belarus-Jewelry-5.jpg|100px]]
| Seven blades 
| [[Vyatichi]]
|
|[[Moscow Oblast]]<ref>[http://pagan.ru/lib/books/archive/tsarkurgany/1kurgany.php Царицынские курганы] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140529224802/http://pagan.ru/lib/books/archive/tsarkurgany/1kurgany.php |date=2014-05-29 }}</ref>
|
|-
| [[File:Temple ring severiane GIM.jpg|100px]]
| [[Spiral]]
| [[Severians]]
|
| [[Kursk Oblast]]<ref>[http://archeo-kursk.narod2.ru/o_muzee/ Kursk Museum of Archeology]</ref> [[Poltava Oblast]]<ref>[http://rostmuseum.ru/publication/historyCulture/2001/jilina01.html Эволюция древнерусского металлического убора в IX-XI вв.]</ref>
|
|-
| [[File:Crypt of Annunciation Cathedral in Moscow 16 by shakko.jpg|100px]]
| Three beads
|[[Dregovichs]]<ref>[http://school-collection.edu.ru/catalog/res/1a216c8a-1f99-4536-890a-b23508a173fa/?from=f470809d-1db0-4590-9a77-85dac76d75cc&interface=themcol Headdress:Temple rings] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140724142828/http://school-collection.edu.ru/catalog/res/1a216c8a-1f99-4536-890a-b23508a173fa/?from=f470809d-1db0-4590-9a77-85dac76d75cc&interface=themcol |date=2014-07-24 }}</ref>
|
| [[Kyiv Oblast]]<ref>[http://malib.ru/rybakov_ryazychestvo/43/ "Трехбусинные височные кольца" ("Очелья")] {{Webarchive|url=https://archive.today/20130417053620/http://malib.ru/rybakov_ryazychestvo/43/ |date=2013-04-17 }}</ref> [[Chernihiv Oblast]]<ref>[http://school-collection.edu.ru/catalog/res/5276e51f-a7e1-4d48-8d40-7aa4e09f91be/?from=f470809d-1db0-4590-9a77-85dac76d75cc&interface=themcol Височные кольца трехбусинные, перстни щитковые] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140724150414/http://school-collection.edu.ru/catalog/res/5276e51f-a7e1-4d48-8d40-7aa4e09f91be/?from=f470809d-1db0-4590-9a77-85dac76d75cc&interface=themcol |date=2014-07-24 }}</ref>
|
|}

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
* [http://members.ozemail.com.au/~chrisandpeter/trmain/tr1main.html Temple rings, and female headdress of the Eastern Slavs in Rus’]

[[Category:Culture of Kievan Rus']]
[[Category:Types of jewellery]]
[[Category:Archaeological artefact types]]


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