View source for Sound correspondences between English accents

{{Short description|none}}
{{Multiple issues|
{{Original research|date=May 2018}}
{{Cleanup rewrite|date=April 2019}}
{{confusing|date=November 2023}}
}}
{{IPA notice}}
The [[International Phonetic Alphabet|International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)]] can be used to represent sound correspondences among various accents and dialects of the [[English language]].

These charts give a [[diaphoneme]] for each sound, followed by its [[Realization (linguistics)|realization]] in different dialects. The symbols for the diaphonemes are given in bold, followed by their most common phonetic values.

== Abbreviations list ==

The following abbreviations are used in this article for regional varieties of English:
{| class="wikitable sortable mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"
|+Abbreviations list
!Abbreviation
!Regional variety
|-
|AmE
|[[American English]]
|-
|AuE
|[[Australian English phonology|Australian English]]
|-
|BahE
|[[Bahamian English]]
|-
|BajE
|[[Bajan English]]
|-
|CaE
|[[Canadian English]]
|-
|CIE
|[[Channel Island English]]
|-
|EnE
|[[English English]]
|-
|FiE
|[[Fiji English]]
|-
|InE
|[[Indian English]]
|-
|IrE
|[[Hiberno-English|Irish English]]
|-
|JSE
|[[Jamaican English]]
|-
|NZE
|[[New Zealand English]]
|-
|PaE
|[[Palauan English]]
|-
|ScE
|[[Scottish English]]
|-
|SIE
|[[Solomon Islands English]]
|-
|SAE
|[[South African English]]
|-
|SSE
|[[Standard Singapore English]]
|-
|WaE
|[[Welsh English]]
|}
See [[Pronunciation respelling for English]] for phonetic transcriptions used in different dictionaries.

== Consonants ==

<!-- CONSONANTS TABLE -->
{| class="wikitable"
|+ English [[consonant]]s
! [[Help:IPA/English|Diaphoneme]]{{efn-lr|This is a compromise IPA transcription, which covers most dialects of English.}}
! Phones !! Examples
|-
! rowspan="2" | {{IPA|p}}
| {{IPA link|pʰ}}
| '''p'''en
|-
| {{IPA link|p}}
| s'''p'''in, ti'''p'''
|-
! rowspan="2" | {{IPA|b}}
| {{IPA link|b}}
| '''b'''ut
|-
| [[Voicelessness|{{IPA|b̥|cat=no}}]]
| we'''b'''
|-
! rowspan="2" | {{IPA|t}}
| {{IPA link|t}}, {{IPA link|tʰ}}
| s'''t'''ing, '''t'''wo
|-
| {{IPA link|ɾ}},{{efn-lr|{{IPA|/t/}}, is pronounced {{IPAblink|ɾ}} in some positions in AmE, AuE, and sometimes in EnE.}} {{IPA link|ʔ}},{{efn-lr|{{IPA|/t/}} is pronounced {{IPAblink|ʔ}} in some positions in ScE, EnE, AmE and AuE.}} {{IPA link|t̞}}{{efn-lr|{{IPA|/t/}} is pronounced {{IPAblink|t̞}} non-initially in IrE.}}
| be'''tt'''er
|-
! rowspan="2" | {{IPA|d}}
| {{IPA link|d}}
| '''d'''o
|-
| [[Voicelessness|{{IPA|d̥|cat=no}}]], {{IPA link|ɾ}}{{efn-lr|{{IPA|/d/}} is pronounced {{IPAblink|ɾ}} if preceded and followed by vowels in GA and Australian English.}}
| o'''dd''', da'''dd'''y
|-
! rowspan="2" | {{IPA|tʃ}}
| {{IPA link|tʃʰ}} 
| '''ch'''air
|-
| {{IPA link|tʃ}}
| tea'''ch''', na'''t'''ure
|-
! rowspan="2" | {{IPA|dʒ}}
| {{IPA link|dʒ}}
| '''g'''in, '''j'''oy
|-
| [[Voicelessness|{{IPA|d̥ʒ̊|cat=no}}]]
| e'''dge'''
|-
! rowspan="2" | {{IPA|k}}
| {{IPA link|k}}
| s'''k'''in, uni'''que''', thi'''ck'''
|-
| {{IPA link|kʰ}}
| '''c'''at, '''k'''ill,  '''q'''ueen
|-
! rowspan="2" | {{IPA|ɡ}}
| {{IPA link|ɡ}}
| '''g'''o, '''g'''et
|-
| [[Voicelessness|{{IPA|ɡ̊|cat=no}}]]
| be'''g'''
|-
! {{IPA|f}}
| {{IPA link|f}}, {{IPA link|ɸ}}{{efn-lr|The labiodental fricative {{IPA|/f/}} is often pronounced as bilabial {{IPAblink|ɸ}} after the bilabials {{IPA|/p/}}, {{IPA|/b/}}, and {{IPA|/m/}}, as in ''up-front'' {{small|[[General American English|GA]]:}} {{IPA|[ʌpˈɸɹʌnt]}}, ''Cub fan'' {{small|[[General American English|GA]]:}} {{IPA|[ˈkʰʌbɸæn]}}, ''tomfoolery'' {{small|[[General American English|GA]]:}} {{IPA|[ˌtʰɑmˈɸuɫəɹi]}}.}}
| '''f'''ool, enou'''gh''', lea'''f''', o'''ff''', '''ph'''oto
|-
! rowspan="2" | {{IPA|v}}
| {{IPA link|v}}, {{IPA link|β}}{{efn-lr|The labiodental fricative {{IPA|/v/}} is often pronounced as bilabial {{IPAblink|β}} after the bilabials {{IPA|/p/}}, {{IPA|/b/}}, and {{IPA|/m/}}, as in ''upvote'' {{small|[[General American English|GA]]:}} {{IPA|[ˈʌpβəʊt]}}, ''obviate'' {{small|[[General American English|GA]]:}} {{IPA|[ˈɑbβiˌeɪt]}}, ''Humvee'' {{small|[[General American English|GA]]:}} {{IPA|[ˈhʌmβi]}}.}}
|  '''v'''oice, '''v'''erve
|-
| [[Voicelessness|{{IPA|v̥|cat=no}}]]
| ha'''ve''', o'''f''', ver'''ve'''
|-
! {{IPA|θ}}
| {{IPA link|θ}}, {{IPA link|t̪}}, {{IPA link|f}}{{efn-lr|{{IPA|/θ/}} is pronounced as a dental stop {{IPAblink|t̪}} in Irish English, Newfoundland English, Indian English, and New York English, merges with {{IPA|/f/}} in some varieties of English English, and merges with {{IPA|/t/}} in some varieties of Caribbean English. The dental stop {{IPAblink|t̪}} also occurs in other dialects as an allophone of {{IPA|/θ/}}.}}
| '''th'''ing, tee'''th'''
|-
! {{IPA|ð}}
| {{IPA link|ð}}, [[Voicelessness|{{IPA|ð̥|cat=no}}]], {{IPA link|d̪}}, {{IPA link|v}}{{efn-lr|{{IPA|/ð/}} is pronounced as a dental stop {{IPA|[d̪]}} in Irish English, Newfoundland English, Indian English, and New York English, merges with {{IPA|/v/}} in some varieties of English English, and merges with {{IPA|/d/}} in some varieties of Caribbean English. {{IPAblink|d̪}} also occurs in other dialects as an allophone of {{IPA|/ð/}}.}}
| '''th'''is, brea'''the''', fa'''th'''er
|-
! {{IPA|s}}
| {{IPA link|s}}
| '''s'''ee, '''c'''ity, pa'''ss'''
|-
! rowspan="2" | {{IPA|z}}
| {{IPA link|z}}
| '''z'''oo
|-
| [[Voicelessness|{{IPA|z̥|cat=no}}]]
| ro'''s'''e
|-
! {{IPA|ʃ}}
| {{IPA link|ʃ}}
| '''sh'''e, '''s'''ure, se'''ssi'''on, emo'''ti'''on, lea'''sh'''
|-
! rowspan="2" | {{IPA|ʒ}}
| {{IPA link|ʒ}}
| '''g'''enre, plea'''su'''re, equa'''ti'''on, sei'''zu'''re
|-
| [[Voicelessness|{{IPA|ʒ̊|cat=no}}]]
| bei'''ge'''
|-
! {{IPA|h}}
| {{IPA link|h}}, {{IPA link|ɦ}},{{efn-lr|The glottal fricative {{IPA|/h/}} is often pronounced as voiced {{IPAblink|ɦ}} between vowel sounds and after voiced consonants. Initial voiced {{IPAblink|ɦ}} occurs in some accents of the Southern Hemisphere.}} {{IPA link|ç}}{{efn-lr|{{IPA|/h/}} is pronounced {{IPAblink|ç}} before the palatal approximant {{IPA|/j/}}, sometimes even replacing the cluster /hj/, and sometimes before high front vowels.}}
| '''h'''am, '''h'''ue
|-
! {{IPA|m}}
| {{IPA link|m}}, {{IPA link|ɱ}}{{efn-lr|The bilabial nasal {{IPA|/m/}} is often pronounced as labiodental {{IPAblink|ɱ}} before {{IPA|/f/}} and {{IPA|/v/}}, as in ''symphony'' {{small|[[General American English|GA]]:}} {{IPA|[ˈsɪɱfəni]}}, ''circumvent'' {{small|[[General American English|GA]]:}} {{IPA|[ˌsɝkəɱˈvɛnt]}}, ''some value'' {{small|[[General American English|GA]]:}} {{IPA|[ˌsʌɱ‿ˈvæɫju̟]}}.}}
| '''m'''an, ha'''m'''
|-
! {{IPA|n}}
| {{IPA link|n}}
| '''n'''o, ti'''n'''
|-
! {{IPA|ŋ}}
| {{IPA link|ŋ}}
| ri'''ng'''er, si'''ng''',{{efn-lr|In some dialects, such as [[Brummie dialect|Brummie]], words like ''ringer'' {{IPA|[ˈɹɪŋə]}}, ''sing'' {{IPA|[sɪŋ]}}, which have a velar nasal {{IPA|[ŋ]}} in most dialects, are pronounced with an additional {{IPA|/ɡ/}}, like "finger": {{IPA|[ˈɹɪŋɡə]}}.}} fi'''n'''ger, dri'''n'''k
|-
! l
| {{IPA link|l}}, {{IPA link|ɫ}},{{efn-lr|Velarized {{IPAblink|ɫ}} traditionally does not occur in Irish English; clear or plain {{IPAblink|l}} does not occur in Australian, New Zealand, Scottish, or American English. RP, some other English accents, and South African English, however, have clear {{IPAblink|l}} in syllable onsets and dark {{IPAblink|ɫ}} in syllable rimes.}} [[Voicelessness|{{IPA|l̥|cat=no}}]], [[Voicelessness|{{IPA|ɫ̥|cat=no}}]],{{efn-lr| name="voiceless sonorant"|Sonorants are voiceless after a fortis (voiceless) stop at the beginning of a stressed syllable.}} {{IPA link|ɤ}}, {{IPA link|o}},{{efn-lr|[[L-vocalization|''L''-vocalization]] in which ''l'' is pronounced as a kind of a back vowel ({{IPAblink|ɤ}} or {{IPAblink|o}}, or non-syllabic {{IPA|[ɤ̯, o̯]}}, forming a diphthong with the preceding vowel) occurs in New Zealand English and many regional accents, such as African-American Vernacular English, Cockney, New York English, Estuary English, Pittsburgh English, Standard Singapore English.}}
| '''l'''eft, be'''ll''', sab'''le''', p'''l'''ease
|-
! {{IPA|r}}
| {{IPA link|ʷ|ɹʷ}}, {{IPA link|ɹ}}, {{IPA link|ɾ}},{{efn-lr| name="r"|{{IPA|/r/}} is pronounced as a tap {{IPAblink|ɾ}} in some varieties of Scottish, Irish, Indian, Welsh, Northern England and South African English.}} {{IPA link|r}},{{efn-lr|The alveolar trill {{IPAblink|r}} only occurs in some varieties of Scottish, Welsh, Indian and South African English.}} {{IPA link|ɻ}}, [[Voicelessness|{{IPA|ɹ̥ʷ|cat=no}}]], [[Voicelessness|{{IPA|ɹ̥|cat=no}}]], [[Voicelessness|{{IPA|ɾ̥|cat=no}}]], [[Voicelessness|{{IPA|ɻ̊|cat=no}}]],{{efn-lr| name="voiceless sonorant"}} {{IPA link|ʋ}}{{efn-lr|[[R-labialization|''R''-labialization]], in which ''r'' is pronounced as {{IPAblink|ʋ}}, is found in some accents in Southern England.}}
| '''r'''un, ve'''r'''y, p'''r'''obably
|-
! {{IPA|w}}
| {{IPA link|w}}, {{IPA link|ʍ}}{{efn-lr| name="voiceless sonorant"}}
| '''w'''e, q'''u'''een
|-
! {{IPA|j}}
| {{IPA link|j}}
| '''y'''es, [[Maya peoples|Ma'''y'''an]]
|-
! {{IPA|hw}}
| {{IPA link|ʍ}}, {{IPA link|w}}{{efn-lr|Some dialects, such as [[Scottish English]], [[Hiberno-English|Irish English]], and many [[Southern American English|American South]] and [[New England English|New England dialects]], distinguish voiceless {{IPAblink|ʍ}} from voiced {{IPAblink|w}}; see [[wine–whine merger|''wine''–''whine'' merger]] and [[voiceless labiovelar approximant]].}}
| '''wh'''at
|-
! colspan="3"| [[Segment (linguistics)#Marginal segments|Marginal]] consonants
|-
! {{IPA|x}}
| {{IPA link|x}}, {{IPA link|χ}}, {{IPA link|k}}, {{IPA link|kʰ}}, {{IPA link|h}}, {{IPA link|ɦ}}
| lo'''ch''',{{efn-lr|Marginal in most accents, and otherwise merged with {{IPA|/k/}}, see [[lock–loch merger|''Lock''–''loch'' merger]].}} u'''gh'''{{efn-lr|This common English interjection is usually pronounced with {{IPAblink|x}} in unscripted spoken English, but it is most often read {{IPA|/ʌɡ/}} or {{IPA|/ʌk/}}}}
|-
! {{IPA|ç}}
| {{IPA link|ç}}{{efn-lr|{{IPA|/hj/}} can be {{IPAslink|ç}} in Conservative RP.}}
| '''Hu'''gh
|-
! {{IPA|ʔ}}
| {{IPA link|ʔ}}
| uh'''<big>-</big>'''oh
|-
! {{IPA|ɬ}}
| {{IPA link|ɬ}}, {{IPA link|l}} 
| '''Ll'''angefni,{{efn-lr|{{IPA link|ɬ}} exists in [[Welsh English]] as an allophone of {{IPA|/l/}} in [[Welsh language|Welsh]] loan words. Other dialects usually replace it with {{IPA link|l}}.}} '''hl'''ala ga'''hl'''e{{efn-lr| name="Zulu"|This sound exists in [[South African English]] in [[Zulu language|Zulu]] loan words.}}<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.dsae.co.za/entry/hlala-kahle/e03036?q=hlala|title=‖hlala kahle|author=Dictionary Unit for South African English|date=2023|website=Dictionary of South African English|access-date=2024-04-20}}</ref>
|-
! {{IPA|ɮ}}
| {{IPA link|ɮ}}
| iban'''dl'''a{{efn-lr| name="Zulu"}}<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.dsae.co.za/entry/ibandla/e03149|title=ibandla|author=Dictionary Unit for South African English|date=2023|website=Dictionary of South African English|access-date=2024-04-20}}</ref>
|}

{{notelist-lr}}

== Vowels ==

In the [[Vowel|vowels]] chart, a separate phonetic value is given for each major dialect, alongside the words used to name their corresponding [[lexical set]]s. The diaphonemes for the lexical sets given here are based on RP and General American; they are not sufficient to express all of the distinctions found in other dialects, such as Australian English.

<!-- VOWELS TABLE -->
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;"
|+ English [[monophthong]]s and [[diphthong]]s
|-
! style="position:sticky;top:0;left:0;z-index:9;" rowspan="3" | [[Help:IPA/English|Dia-<br/>phoneme]]{{efn-lr|This is a compromise IPA transcription, which covers most dialects of English.}}
! style="position:sticky;top:0;" colspan="19" | [[American English|{{abbr|AmE|American English}}]]
! style="position:sticky;top:0;" colspan="3" rowspan="2" | [[Australian English|{{abbr|AuE|Australian English}}]]<ref>{{Harvcoltxt|Harrington|Cox|Evans|1997}}</ref><ref>{{Harvcoltxt|Cox|Palethorpe|2007}}</ref>
! style="position:sticky;top:0;" rowspan="3" | [[Bahamian English|{{abbr|BahE|Bahamian English}}]]
! style="position:sticky;top:0;" rowspan="3" | [[Bajan English|{{abbr|BajE|Bajan English}}]]
! style="position:sticky;top:0;" rowspan="3" | [[Canadian English|{{abbr|CaE|Canadian English}}]]<ref>{{Harvcoltxt|Boberg|2004}}</ref>
! rowspan="3" style="position:sticky;top:0;" |[[Cameroonian English]]<ref>{{Cite book |last=Todd |first=Loreto |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=8Y1nLo6hvPAC&pg=PA83 |title=Cameroon |publisher=John Benjamins Publishing |year=1982 |isbn=9789027286703}}</ref>
! rowspan="3" style="position:sticky;top:0;" | [[Channel Island English|{{abbr|CIE|Channel Island English}}]]
! style="position:sticky;top:0;" colspan="14" | [[England English|{{abbr|EnE|English English}}]]
! style="position:sticky;top:0;" rowspan="3" | [[Fiji English|{{abbr|FiE|Fiji English}}]]
! style="position:sticky;top:0;" rowspan="3" | [[Indian English|{{abbr|InE|Indian English}}]]<ref>{{Harvcoltxt|Sailaja|2009|pp=19–26}}</ref>
! style="position:sticky;top:0;" colspan="8" | [[Irish English|{{abbr|IrE|Irish English}}]]<ref>{{Harvcoltxt|Wells|1982|p=422}}</ref>
! style="position:sticky;top:0;" colspan="3" rowspan="2" | [[New Zealand English|{{abbr|NZE|New Zealand English}}]]<ref name="Mannell 2009"/><ref>{{Harvcoltxt|Bauer|Warren|Bardsley|Kennedy|2007|pp=97–102}}</ref>
! rowspan="3" style="position:sticky;top:0;" |[[Newfoundland English|Newfoundland English]]{{sfnp|Wells|1982|p=499}}
! rowspan="3" style="position:sticky;top:0;" | [[Palauan English|{{abbr|PaE|Palauan English}}]]
! style="position:sticky;top:0;" rowspan="3" | [[Scottish English|{{abbr|ScE|Scottish English}}]]<ref>{{harvcoltxt|Scobbie|Gordeeva|Matthews|2006|p=7}}</ref>
! style="position:sticky;top:0;" rowspan="3" | [[Solomon Islands English|{{abbr|SIE|Solomon Islands English}}]]
! style="position:sticky;top:0;" colspan="3" rowspan="2" |[[South African English|{{abbr|SAE|South African English}}]]<ref>{{Harvcoltxt|Bekker|2008}}</ref><ref>{{Harvcoltxt|Lass|2002|pp=111–119}}</ref>
! style="position:sticky;top:0;" rowspan="3" | [[Standard Singapore English|{{abbr|SSE|Standard Singapore English}}]]
! style="position:sticky;top:0;" colspan="3" | [[Welsh English|{{abbr|WaE|Welsh English}}]]<ref>{{Harvcoltxt|Coupland|Thomas|1990|pages=93–136}}</ref>
! style="position:sticky;top:0;" rowspan="3" | [[Lexical set|Keyword]]
! style="position:sticky;top:0;" rowspan="3" | Examples
|-
! style="position:sticky;top:29px;" colspan="2"| [[AAVE]]
! style="position:sticky;top:29px;" colspan="2"| [[Boston accent]]
! style="position:sticky;top:29px;" rowspan="2"| [[Cajun English]]
! style="position:sticky;top:29px;" colspan="2" |[[California English]]
! style="position:sticky;top:29px;" rowspan="2" |[[Chicano English]]
! style="position:sticky;top:29px;" rowspan="2" | [[General American English|General American]]<ref>{{Harvcoltxt|Kenyon|Knott|1953}}</ref><ref>{{Harvcoltxt|Kenyon|1950}}</ref><ref name="Mannell 2009">{{Harvcoltxt|Mannell|Cox|Harrington|2009}}</ref>
! style="position:sticky;top:29px;" rowspan="2" | [[Inland Northern American English]]
! style="position:sticky;top:29px;" rowspan="2" | [[Miami accent]]
! style="position:sticky;top:29px;" rowspan="2" | [[Good American Speech|Mid-Atlantic accent]]
! style="position:sticky;top:29px;" colspan="3" | [[New York accent]]
! style="position:sticky;top:29px;" rowspan="2" | [[Philadelphia English]]
! style="position:sticky;top:29px;" colspan="3" |[[Southern American English]]
! style="position:sticky;top:29px;" rowspan="2" | [[Brummie dialect|Brummie]]<ref>{{Harvcoltxt|Wells|1982|p=364}}</ref>
! style="position:sticky;top:29px;" colspan="4" |[[Southern England English]]
! style="position:sticky;top:29px;" colspan="7" |[[Northern England English]]
! style="position:sticky;top:29px;" colspan="2" | [[Received Pronunciation|{{abbr|RP|Received Pronunciation}}]]
! style="position:sticky;top:29px;" colspan="4" |[[Ulster English]]
! style="position:sticky;top:29px;" rowspan="2" |[[South-West Irish English]]
! style="position:sticky;top:29px;" colspan="2"| [[Dublin English]]
! style="position:sticky;top:29px;" rowspan="2" |[[Hiberno-English#Standard_Irish_English|Standard Irish English]]
! style="position:sticky;top:29px;" rowspan="2" |[[Abercraf English]]
! style="position:sticky;top:29px;" rowspan="2" |[[Port Talbot English]]
! style="position:sticky;top:29px;" rowspan="2" |[[Cardiff English]]
|-
! style="position:sticky;top:63px;" | Non-Rhotic
! style="position:sticky;top:63px;" | Rhotic
! style="position:sticky;top:63px;" | Older
! style="position:sticky;top:63px;" | Younger
! style="position:sticky;top:63px;" | Northern
! style="position:sticky;top:63px;" | Southern
! style="position:sticky;top:63px;" | Non-Rhotic
! style="position:sticky;top:63px;" | Older
! style="position:sticky;top:63px;" | Rhotic
! style="position:sticky;top:63px;" | [[Older Southern American English|Older]]
! style="position:sticky;top:63px;" | Non-Rhotic
! style="position:sticky;top:63px;" | Rhotic
! style="position:sticky;top:63px;" | Cultivated
! style="position:sticky;top:63px;" | General
! style="position:sticky;top:63px;" | Broad
! style="position:sticky;top:63px;" | [[Cockney]]
! style="position:sticky;top:63px;" | [[Estuary English|Estuary English (EE)]]
! style="position:sticky;top:63px;" | [[Multicultural London English|MLE]]<ref>{{cite book |last=Fox |first=Susan |date=2015 |title=The New Cockney: New Ethnicities and Adolescent Speech in the Traditional East End of London}}</ref>
! style="position:sticky;top:63px;" | [[West_Country_English|West Country]] 
! style="position:sticky;top:63px;" | [[Cumbrian dialect|Cumbrian]] 
! style="position:sticky;top:63px;" | [[Geordie]]
! style="position:sticky;top:63px;" | [[Lancashire dialect|Lancashire]] 
! style="position:sticky;top:63px;" | [[Manchester dialect|Manchester]] 
! style="position:sticky;top:63px;" | [[Pitmatic]] 
! style="position:sticky;top:63px;" | [[Scouse]]
! style="position:sticky;top:63px;" | [[Yorkshire dialect|Yorkshire]]
! style="position:sticky;top:63px;" | Conservative<ref>{{Harvcoltxt|Roach|2004|pp=241–243}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Case Studies&nbsp;– Received Pronunciation Phonology&nbsp;– RP Vowel Sounds |url=http://www.bl.uk/learning/langlit/sounds/case-studies/received-pronunciation/vowel-sounds-rp/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181225074019/http://www.bl.uk/learning/langlit/sounds/case-studies/received-pronunciation/vowel-sounds-rp/%20 |archive-date=2018-12-25 |access-date=2013-05-26 |publisher=British Library}}</ref>
! style="position:sticky;top:63px;" | Contemporary (SSBE)<ref>{{cite web |date=8 March 2012 |title=The British English vowel system |url=https://www.englishspeechservices.com/blog/british-vowels/}}</ref>
! style="position:sticky;top:63px;" | Belfast
! style="position:sticky;top:63px;" | Mid-Ulster
! style="position:sticky;top:63px;" | Traditional
! style="position:sticky;top:63px;" | [[Ulster_Scots_dialect|Ulster Scots]]
! style="position:sticky;top:63px;" | Local
! style="position:sticky;top:63px;" | New
! style="position:sticky;top:63px;" | Cultivated
! style="position:sticky;top:63px;" | General
! style="position:sticky;top:63px;" | Broad
! style="position:sticky;top:63px;" | Cultivated
! style="position:sticky;top:63px;" | General
! style="position:sticky;top:63px;" | Broad
|-
! style="position:sticky;left:0;" rowspan="3" |{{IPA|æ}}
| colspan="2" |ɛː~ɛə̯~eə̯
| colspan="2" | {{IPA|ɪə̯~eə̯~ɛɐ̯}}{{efn-lr|name="shortatensing"}}
| rowspan="4" |{{IPA link|æ}}
| colspan="2" |eə~ɛə
|æ~ɛə̯~eə̯
| {{IPA|eə̯~ɛə̯~æ}}{{efn-lr|name="shortatensing"}}
| rowspan="4" | {{IPA|eə̯~ɪə̯}}
| rowspan="4" colspan="2" |{{IPA|æ}}
| colspan="3" | {{IPA|ɛə̯~eə̯~ɪə̯}}{{efn-lr|name="shortatensing"}}
| {{IPA|æə̯~ɛə̯~eə̯}}{{efn-lr|name="shortatensing"}}
|æɛæ~eə
| colspan="2" |{{IPA|eə̯~æjə}}{{efn-lr|name="shortatensing"}}
| rowspan="2" |{{IPA link|æː}}{{efn-lr|name="badlad"|See [[Bad–lad split|''bad''–''lad'' split]] for this distinction.}}
| rowspan="2" |æː~ɛː{{efn-lr|name="badlad"}}
| rowspan="2" |æ̝ː~ɛː~e̞ː{{efn-lr|name="badlad"}}
| rowspan="4" |{{IPA link|æ}}~{{IPA link|a}}
| rowspan="3" | {{IPA link|a}}
|{{IPA link|æ}}~{{IPA|ɛə̯}}{{efn-lr|name="shortatensing"|In most of the United States (with high dialectal variation), and to a lesser degree in Canada, special [[Æ tensing|/æ/ tensing systems]] occur.}}
| rowspan="5" |a̽
| rowspan="3" |{{IPA link|æ}}
| rowspan="4" |a
| rowspan="2" | æ~ɛ~ɛɪ
| rowspan="3" | æ~a~ɛ̞
| rowspan="3" | ɐ̞
| rowspan="4" | æː~aː
| rowspan="4" |a~ä
| rowspan="4" |{{IPA link|a}}
| colspan="3" rowspan="4" |a~ä
| rowspan="4" |{{IPA link|a}}
| rowspan="4" |a~ä
| rowspan="3" |{{IPA link|æ}}
| rowspan="2" |{{IPA link|aː}}{{efn-lr|name="badlad"}}
| rowspan="3" |{{IPA link|æ}}
| rowspan="3" |{{IPA link|æ}}~{{IPA link|ɛ}}
| rowspan="4" colspan="4" |{{IPA link|äː}}~{{IPA link|a}}
| rowspan="3" colspan="2" |{{IPA link|æ}}
| rowspan="3" |{{IPA link|a}}
| rowspan="3" |{{IPA link|æ}}~{{IPA link|a}}
| rowspan="3" |{{IPA link|æ}}
| rowspan="3" |{{IPA link|ɛ}}
| rowspan="3" |{{IPA link|ɛ̝}}
| rowspan="3" |{{IPA link|æ}}
| rowspan="4" |{{IPA link|æ}}
| rowspan="5" |{{IPA link|ä}}
| rowspan="3" |{{IPA link|ɑ}}~{{IPA link|æ}}
| rowspan="3" |{{IPA link|æ}}
| rowspan="3" |{{IPA link|a}}~{{IPA link|æ}}
| rowspan="3" |{{IPA link|æ}}~{{IPA link|ɛ}}~{{IPA link|e̞}}
| rowspan="3" |{{IPA link|ɛ}}<ref>Suzanna Bet Hashim and Brown, Adam (2000) 'The [e] and [æ] vowels in Singapore English'. In Adam Brown, David Deterding and Low Ee Ling (eds.) ''The English Language in Singapore: Research on Pronunciation'', Singapore: Singapore Association for Applied Linguistics {{ISBN|981-04-2598-8}}, pp. 84–92.</ref>
| rowspan="4" |{{IPA link|a}}
| rowspan="2" |{{IPA link|aː}}{{efn-lr|name="badlad"}}
| rowspan="2" |{{IPA link|aː}}~{{IPA link|æː}}{{efn-lr|name="badlad"}}
| rowspan="3" |{{sc2|TRAP}}
|h'''a'''m
|-
| colspan="2" rowspan="3" |æ~ɛː~ɛə̯
| rowspan="2" |{{IPA|æ~ɛə̯}}
| rowspan="3" |{{IPA|æ~ɛə̯}}
| rowspan="3" |ɛ~æ~a~ä
| rowspan="3" |æ~æ̞
| rowspan="3" colspan="2" |{{IPA link|æ}}
| rowspan="2" colspan="3" | {{IPA|æ}}, {{IPA|ɛə̯~eə̯~ɪə̯}}{{efn-lr|name="shortatensing"}}
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA|æ}}
| rowspan="2" |æ~æɛæ~ɐɛɐ
| colspan="2" rowspan="3" |{{IPA|æ~æjə~æ̠ɛæ̠}}
| rowspan="3" |æ~a̝
| b'''a'''d
|-
| {{IPA link|æ}}
| a̝~æ
| {{IPA|æ~ɛ}}
| {{IPA link|æ}}~ɛ
| {{IPA link|a}}
| rowspan="2" |{{IPA link|a}}
| rowspan="2" |{{IPA link|a}}~{{IPA link|æ}}
| l'''a'''d
|-
! style="position:sticky;left:0;" | {{IPA|ɑː}} / {{IPA|æ}}
| rowspan="2" |{{IPA|ä~a}}
| colspan="3" |{{IPA|ɛə̯~eə̯~ɪə̯}}{{efn-lr|name="shortatensing"}}
| {{IPA|æə̯~ɛə̯~eə̯}}{{efn-lr|name="shortatensing"}}
|æɛ~æe
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA link|äː}}
| rowspan="2" colspan="2" | {{IPA|äː~ɐː}}
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA link|aː}}
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA link|ɑː}}
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA link|ɑː}}
| rowspan="2" | ɑː~ɑ̟ː~ɑ̹ː
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA link|ɑː}}
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA link|ɑ̟ː}}
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA link|ɑ̈ː~ʌ̞ː}}
| {{IPA link|a}}~{{IPA link|ɑ}}
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA link|äː}}
| rowspan="2" colspan="2" | {{IPA link|æː}}~{{IPA link|aː}}
| rowspan="2" colspan="2" | {{IPA link|aː}}
| rowspan="2" colspan="3" | {{IPA link|ɐː}}~{{IPA link|äː}}
|{{IPA link|æː}}
| {{IPA link|ɑ}}
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA link|ɑ̟ː}}
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA link|ɑː}}
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA link|ɒː}}~{{IPA link|ɔː}}
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA link|ä}}<ref>{{cite book|last=Deterding|first=David|title=Singapore English|year=2007|publisher=Edinburgh University Press|location=United Kingdom|pages=24–26|isbn=978-0-7486-3096-7|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=_uiqBgAAQBAJ}}</ref>
| {{sc2|BATH}}
| p'''a'''ss
|-
! style="position:sticky;left:0;" | {{IPA|ɑː}}
| colspan="2" rowspan="2" |a~ä~ɑ
| a~ä
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA link|ɑ}}
| colspan="2" rowspan="5" |ä~ɑ~ɒ
| rowspan="5" |ä~a
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA link|ɑ}}~{{IPA link|ä}}
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA|a~ä}}
| rowspan="2" |ɑ
| ɑ̟ː
| rowspan="2" colspan="3" | {{IPA|ɑ}}~{{IPA|ä}}
| colspan="4" rowspan="2" |{{IPA|ɑ}}
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA|ɑ}}
| rowspan="5" | {{IPA link|ɒ}}~{{IPA link|ɑ}}
|ɑː
| {{IPA link|ɒ}}~{{IPA link|ɑ}}
|äː
| {{IPA link|ɒː}}~{{IPA link|ɑː}}
| colspan="3" | äː
| {{IPA link|aː}}~{{IPA link|ɑː}}
|äː
| {{IPA link|aː}}
| colspan="4" | {{IPA link|äː}}~{{IPA link|ɑː}}
|{{IPA|æ~ɑː}}
| {{IPA link|ɑː}}
| {{IPA link|ɑː}}
| colspan="2" | {{IPA link|aː}}
| {{IPA link|aː}}~{{IPA link|æː}}
|{{sc2|PALM}}
| f'''a'''ther
|-
<!--Insert BATH somewhere around here-->
! style="position:sticky;left:0;" | {{IPA link|ɒ}}
| rowspan="4" colspan="2" | {{IPA link|ɒ}}~{{IPA link|ɑ}}
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA link|ɒ}}
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA|ɒ}}
| rowspan="2" colspan="2" | {{IPA|ɒ~ɔ}}
| {{IPA link|ɒ}}~{{IPA link|ɑ}}
| rowspan="4" |ɔ
| {{IPA link|ɒ}}
| rowspan="2" | ä~ɒ~ɔ̈~ɔ
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA link|ɒ}}~{{IPA link|ɔ}}
| rowspan="2" | ɒ~ɒ̈
| rowspan="2" colspan="3" | {{IPA link|ɒ}}~{{IPA link|ɔ}}
| rowspan="2" | ɒ~ɑ̠
| colspan="3" rowspan="2" |ɒ~ɔ
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA link|ɒ}}
| rowspan="2" |ɒ~ɔ
| {{IPA link|ɒ}}
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA link|ɔ}}
| rowspan="4" | {{IPA link|ɔ}}
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA link|ɔ}}~{{IPA link|ɒ}}~{{IPA link|ä}}
| colspan="2" | {{IPA|ɒ~ɑ~ä}}
| rowspan=4 | {{IPA|äː}}
| rowspan=4 | {{IPA|ɔː}}
| colspan="2" | {{IPA link|ä}}
| {{IPA link|ɑ}}~{{IPA link|ɒ}}~{{IPA link|ɔ}}
| {{IPA link|ɑ}}
| colspan="3" rowspan="2" | {{IPA link|ɒ}}~{{IPA link|ɔ}}
|{{IPA link|ɑ}}
| rowspan="4" | {{IPA link|ɑ}}
| rowspan="4" colspan="2" | {{IPA link|ɔ}}
| {{IPA link|ɒ|ɒ̈}}
| {{IPA link|ɒ|ɒ̈}}~{{IPA link|ʌ|ʌ̈}}
| {{IPA link|ɒ|ɒ̈}}
| rowspan="4" |{{IPA link|ɔ}}
| colspan="2" rowspan="2" |{{IPA link|ɒ}}
| rowspan="2" |{{IPA link|ɑ̟}}
| {{sc2|LOT}}
| n'''o'''t
|-
! style="position:sticky;left:0;" | {{IPA|ɒ}} / {{IPA|ɔː}}
| colspan="2" rowspan="3" |ɒ(ɔ̯)~ɔ(ʊ̯)~ɔə̯
| rowspan="3" | {{IPA link|a}}
| rowspan=3 | {{IPA link|ɒ}}~{{IPA link|ɔ}}~{{IPA link|ɑ}}{{efn-lr|{{IPA link|ɒ}}~{{IPA link|ɔ}} occurs in American accents without the [[cot–caught merger|''cot''–''caught'' merger]] (about half of today's speakers); the rest have {{IPA link|ɑ}}.}}
| rowspan=3 | {{IPA|ɒ~ɑ}}
| rowspan=3 | {{IPA|ɑ~ɔ}}
| rowspan=3 colspan="3" | {{IPA|ɔə̯~oə̯~ʊə̯}}
| rowspan=3 | {{IPA|ɔə̯~ɒ̝ə̯}}
| rowspan=3 | {{IPA|ɔo̯~ɑɒ̯}}
| colspan="2" rowspan="3" | {{IPA|ɑɒ̯~ɑ}}
| rowspan="3" | {{IPA|ɔ}}
| {{IPA|ɒː}}
| {{IPA|ɒː}}
| rowspan="3" | {{IPA link|o̞ː}}
| rowspan="3" colspan="2" | {{IPA|ɒː}}
| rowspan="3" colspan="2" | {{IPA|aː}}~{{IPA|ä}}
| {{IPA|ɔː}}
| {{IPA|ɒ}}
| rowspan="3" |{{IPA link|ɑː}}
|{{IPA link|ɒ|ɒ̈}}, {{IPA link|o̞ː}}
|{{IPA link|ɒ|ɒ̈}}~{{IPA link|ʌ|ʌ̈}}, {{IPA link|oː}}
|{{IPA link|ɒ|ɒ̈}}, {{IPA link|oː}}
|{{sc2|CLOTH}}
| '''o'''ff{{efn-lr|In American accents without the [[cot–caught merger|''cot''–''caught'' merger]], {{sc2|CLOTH}} words (usually words with a vowel written {{angbr|o}} preceding the fricatives {{IPA|/f/}}, {{IPA|/θ/}} and {{IPA|/s/}} and the velar nasal {{IPA|/ŋ/}}, e.g. ''off'', ''cloth'', ''boss'', ''long''), are pronounced with the vowel of {{sc2|THOUGHT}}, rather than the vowel of {{sc2|LOT}} as is the case in most other dialects of English, see [[Lot–cloth split|''Lot''–''cloth'' split]]. In American accents with the ''cot''–''caught'' merger (about half of today's speakers), {{sc2|LOT}}, {{sc2|CLOTH}} and {{sc2|THOUGHT}} all have the same vowel.}}
|-
! style="position:sticky;left:0;" rowspan="2" |{{IPA|ɔː}}
| rowspan="2" |{{IPA|ɔː}}
| rowspan="2" |{{IPA link|o̞ː}}
| rowspan="2" colspan="2" |{{IPA link|oː}}
| rowspan="2" |{{IPA link|ɒː}}~{{IPA link|ɑː}}
| rowspan="2" |{{IPA link|oː}}~{{IPA link|ɔː}}
| rowspan="2" |o̞ː~ɔː
| {{IPA|ɔː}}~ɔ̝ə̯~ɔuə̯
|ɔə̯~ɔː~ɔ̝ː
| rowspan="2" |oː
| rowspan="2" colspan="2" |ɒː~ɔː
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA|ɔː}}
| colspan="3" rowspan="2" |ɒː~ɔː
| rowspan="2" |[[Mid back rounded vowel|o̞ː]]
| rowspan="2" |ɒː~ɔː
| rowspan="2" |{{IPA link|o̞ː}}
| rowspan="2" |{{IPA link|ɔː}}~{{IPA link|ɒː}}
| rowspan="2" |{{IPA|ɒː}}~{{IPA|ɔː}}~{{IPA|oː}}
| rowspan="2" |{{IPA|ɒː}}
| colspan="3" rowspan="2" |{{IPA link|oː}}
| rowspan="2" |{{IPA link|o̞ː}}
| colspan="2" rowspan="2" | {{IPA link|oː}}
| colspan="2" rowspan="2" |{{IPA link|ɒ}}ː
| rowspan="2" |{{IPA link|ʌ̈}}ː
| rowspan="2" |{{sc2|THOUGHT}}
| l'''aw'''
|-
| oː~oʊ~ɔo
|o̟ː~o̞ː
| p'''au'''se
|-
! style="position:sticky;left:0;" | {{IPA|ə}}
| colspan="25" | {{IPA link|ə}}
|ə~a̽~ɔ~ɪ~ɛ
|ə
| colspan="2" |{{IPA|ə}}~{{IPA link|ɐ}}
|ə~ə̝
| {{IPA|ə~ɐ}}
|ə~ɔː
|ə
|{{IPA|ə~ɐ}}
| colspan="7" |ə
| {{IPA|ɐ~a}}
| colspan="10" | {{IPA link|ə}}
| rowspan="3" colspan="2" | {{IPA link|ə}}
| colspan="3" |{{IPA link|ə}}
| {{IPA|ə~ɐ}}
| colspan="2" | {{IPA link|ə}}
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA link|ə}}{{efn-lr|name="kit"|It is not clear whether this a true phonemic split, since the distribution of the two sounds is predictable; see [[Kit–bit split|''Kit''–''bit'' split]].}}
| colspan="4" | {{IPA link|ə}}
| {{sc2|COMMA}}
| '''a'''bout
|-
! style="position:sticky;left:0;" rowspan="2" | {{IPA|ɪ}}
| colspan="2" rowspan="2" |ɪ~iə̯
| rowspan="2" colspan="2" | {{IPA|ɪ~ɪ̞~ɪ̈}}
| rowspan="2"| {{IPA link|ɪ}}
| colspan="2" rowspan="2" |{{IPA link|ɪ̞}} 
| rowspan="2" |ɪ
| colspan="1" rowspan="2" |{{IPA|ɪ~ɪ̞~ɪ̈}}
| colspan="7" rowspan="2" | {{IPA|ɪ~ɪ̈}}
| rowspan="2" |ɪ
| colspan="2" rowspan="2" |ɪ~ɪjə~iə̯
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA|ɪ}}
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA|ɪ}}~{{IPA|i}}
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA|i}}
| rowspan="3" | {{IPA link|ɪ}}
| colspan="2" rowspan="2" | {{IPA link|ɪ}}
| rowspan="2" |ɪ~i
| rowspan="2" |ɪ 
| rowspan="2" |ɪ~i
| rowspan="2" |ɪ
| colspan="2" rowspan="2" |ɪ~ɪ̈
| colspan="8" rowspan="2" |ɪ
| rowspan="3" | {{IPA link|ɪ}}
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA|ɪ̞}}
| colspan="2" rowspan="2" |{{IPA link|ɪ}}
| rowspan="2" colspan="2" | ɪ̈~ë
| rowspan="2" | ə~ɘ
| rowspan="2" | ɛ
| colspan="4" rowspan="2" | {{IPA link|ɪ}}
| rowspan="2" | ɪ̈
| rowspan="2" |{{IPA link|ɪ}}
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA link|ɪ}}
| rowspan="2" |{{IPA link|ɪ}}~{{IPA link|ë̞}}~{{IPA link|ə}}~{{IPA link|ʌ}}
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA link|ɪ}}
| rowspan="3" | {{IPA link|ɪ}}
| ɪ̈{{efn-lr|name="kit"}}
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA link|ɪ}}~{{IPA link|i}}
| colspan="2" rowspan="2" | {{IPA link|ɪ}}
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA link|ɪ̞}}
| rowspan="2" | {{sc2|KIT}}
| b'''i'''t
|-
| {{IPA link|ɪ}}{{efn-lr|name="kit"}}
| {{IPA link|i}}{{efn-lr|name="kit"}}
| k'''i'''t
|-
! style="position:sticky;left:0;" | {{IPA|i}}
| rowspan="1" colspan="2" | {{IPA|ɪ}}~{{IPA link|i}}
| rowspan="1" colspan="2" | {{IPA link|i}}
| {{IPA|ɪ}}~{{IPA link|i}}
| colspan="2" rowspan="2" |{{IPA|ɪi̯~i}}
| rowspan="2" |{{IPA|i}}
| colspan="3" rowspan="2" |ɪi̯~i
|{{IPA|ɪ~ɪ̈}}
| rowspan="2" colspan="3" | {{IPA|ɪi̯~i}}
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA|i}}
| colspan="3" |{{IPA|ɪ}}
| colspan="2" rowspan="2" | {{IPA|ɪi̯}}~iː
| rowspan="2" |ɪi̯~əi̯
| rowspan="2" |{{IPA link|iː}}
| {{IPA link|i}}
|i
| {{IPA link|iː}}~{{IPA|i}}
|əi̯~i
|i
| rowspan="2" |ɪi̯~iː
| rowspan="2" |iː
|ei~ɪi
| colspan="2" |i
| colspan="2" |ɪ~e
| colspan="2" |i
|ɪ~e
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA|ɪi̯~iː}}
| rowspan="2" |{{IPA link|i}}
| rowspan="2" |{{IPA link|iː}}
| colspan="4" | {{IPA link|e}}
| rowspan="2" colspan="4" |{{IPA link|iː}}
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA|ɪi̯}}
| rowspan="2" colspan="2" | {{IPA|ɪi̯}}~{{IPA|əi̯}}
|{{IPA link|i}}
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA link|i}}
| {{IPA link|e}}~{{IPA link|ɪ}}~{{IPA link|i}}
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA link|i}}
| rowspan="2" colspan="2" | {{IPA link|iː}}
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA link|i}}
| rowspan="2" colspan="3" | {{IPA link|iː}}
| {{sc2|HAPPY}}
| cit'''y'''
|-
! style="position:sticky;left:0;" | {{IPA|iː}}
| colspan="5" |{{IPA|i}}
| {{IPA|i}}
| {{IPA link|iː}}
| colspan="2" |{{IPA|ɪi̯~i}}
|ɪi̯~i
|ɪi̯
| {{IPA|ɪi̯~iː}}
|i
|əi̯~ɨi̯
| əi~ɐi
|ɪi
| {{IPA link|iː}}, {{IPA|ei̯}}
| colspan="2" |ɪi
|iː
|ɪi~iː
| {{IPA link|iː}}, {{IPA|ɪ̈i̯ ~ ɪ̈ɪ̯}}
|ɪi~iː
| {{IPA|ɪi̯}}
| colspan="2" | {{IPA|iː}}
| {{IPA|ɪi̯}}
| {{IPA|iː}}
|{{IPA link|iː}}
| {{IPA link|i}}
| {{IPA link|iː}}
| {{sc2|FLEECE}}
| s'''ee'''
|-
! style="position:sticky;left:0;" rowspan="2" | {{IPA|eɪ}}
| colspan="2" rowspan="2" |eɪ̯~ɛɪ̯
| colspan="2" rowspan="2" | {{IPA|eɪ̯}}
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA link|eː}}
| colspan="2" rowspan="2" |eɪ̯~ɛɪ̯
| rowspan="2"| eː
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA|eɪ̯~e}}
| colspan="3" rowspan="2" |{{IPA|eɪ̯}}
| colspan="3" rowspan="2" |eɪ̯~ɛɪ̯
| rowspan="2" |{{IPA|eɪ̯}}
| rowspan="2" |ɛɪ~ei
| colspan="2" rowspan="2" |ɛi̯~æ̠i̯
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA|ɛɪ̯}}
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA|æɪ̯~ɐɪ̯}}
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA|ɐɪ̯~äɪ̯}}
| rowspan="2" |eɪ̯~ɛɪ̯
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA|eɪ̯}}~{{IPA|eː}}~ɛ
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA|eɪ̯}}
| rowspan="2" |eː~ɛː
| rowspan="2" |{{IPA|eɪ̯}}
| rowspan="2" |ɛi̯~aɪ̯~ɐɪ̯~ʌɪ̯
| rowspan="2" | æɪ~aɪ
| rowspan="2" | ɛɪ̯~eɪ̯~ë̞ɪ̯
| rowspan="2" |eɪ̯
| rowspan="2" | eː~eɪ̯
|ɛː~e̞ː
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA|eː}}~{{IPA|eɪ̯}}~{{IPA|ɪə̯}}
|ɛː~e̞ː
| rowspan="2" |ɛɪ~e̞ɪ
|ɛː~e̞ː
| rowspan="2" |ɛɪ~e̞ɪ
|ɛː~e̞ː
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA|e̞ɪ̯}}
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA|ɛɪ̯}}
| rowspan="2" colspan="2" |{{IPA link|eː}}
| rowspan="2" colspan="4" | eː~ɪː, eə̯~ɪə̯
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA link|eː}}
| rowspan="2" colspan="3" | {{IPA|eː~eɪ̯~ɛɪ̯}}
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA|ɛɪ̯}}
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA|æe̯~ɐe̯}}
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA|ɐe̯}}
| rowspan="2" |{{IPA|ɛː~ɛɪ}}
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA|eɪ̯}}~{{IPA|eː}}
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA link|e}}
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA|eɪ̯}}~{{IPA|eː}}
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA|eɪ̯}}
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA|eɪ̯~ɛɪ̯~æɪ̯}}
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA|æɪ̯~äɪ̯~ʌɪ̯}}
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA link|e}}<ref name="Singapore' pp. 93-99">Deterding, David (2000) 'Measurements of the {{IPA|/eɪ/}} and {{IPA|/oʊ/}} vowels of young English speakers in Singapore'. In Adam Brown, David Deterding and Low Ee Ling (eds.), ''The English Language in Singapore: Research on Pronunciation'', Singapore: Singapore Association for Applied Linguistics, pp. 93–99.</ref>
| colspan="2" | {{IPA link|eː}}
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA|ei̯}}
| rowspan="2" | {{sc2|FACE}}
| d'''a'''te
|-
|e̞ɪ
|e̞ɪ
|e̞ɪ
|e̞ɪ
| colspan="2" | {{IPA|eɪ̯}}
| d'''ay'''
|-
! style="position:sticky;left:0;" rowspan="3" | {{IPA|ɛ}}
| colspan="2" |ɛ~eə̯
| colspan="2" rowspan="3" | {{IPA link|ɛ}}
| {{IPA link|ɛ}}~{{IPA|æ}}
| colspan="2" rowspan="3" |ɛ~æ̝
| rowspan="3" |{{IPA link|ɛ}}
|{{IPA link|ɛ}}
| rowspan="3" |{{IPA link|ɛ}}~{{IPA|ɜ}}
| rowspan="3" |{{IPA link|ɛ}}
| rowspan="3" |{{IPA|ɛ}}~{{IPA|e}}
| colspan="4" rowspan="3" | {{IPA link|ɛ}}
| rowspan="3" |ɛ~eiə
| colspan="2" |ɛ~ɛjə
| rowspan="3" |{{IPA|e̞}}
| rowspan="3" |{{IPA|e̞}}~{{IPA|e}}
| rowspan="3" | {{IPA|e~e̝}}
| colspan="5" rowspan="3" | {{IPA link|ɛ}}
| rowspan="3" |ɛ~e
| rowspan="3" | {{IPA|e}}, eɪ~eə~ɛɪ
| rowspan="3" |ɛ~ɛ̞
| colspan="9" rowspan="3" |{{IPA link|ɛ}}
| rowspan="3" |{{IPA link|e̞}}
| rowspan="3" |{{IPA link|ɛ}}
| colspan="2" rowspan="3" |{{IPA link|ɛ}}
| rowspan="3" | ɛ̝ə̯
| colspan="7" rowspan="3" | {{IPA link|ɛ}}
| rowspan="3" |{{IPA link|e̞}}
| rowspan="3" |{{IPA link|e}}~{{IPA link|e̝}}
| rowspan="3" |{{IPA link|e̝}}
| rowspan="3" |{{IPA|ɛ~ɪ}}{{sfnp|Wells|1982|p=500}}
| colspan="3" rowspan="3" | {{IPA link|ɛ}}
| rowspan="3" | {{IPA link|e̞}}
| colspan="2" rowspan="3" |{{IPA link|e}}~{{IPA link|e̝}}
| {{IPA link|ɛ}}, {{IPA link|e}}<ref>{{cite journal |author=Mary W.J. Tay |year=1982 |title='The phonology of educated Singapore English' |journal=English World-Wide |volume=3 |issue=2 |pages=135–45 |doi=10.1075/eww.3.2.02tay}}</ref>
| colspan="3" rowspan="3" |{{IPA link|ɛ}}
| rowspan="3" | {{sc2|DRESS}}
|b'''e'''d{{efn-lr|name="collinse"|Often transcribed {{IPA|/e/}} for RP, for example in Collins English Dictionary.}}
|-
| colspan="2" rowspan="2" | ɪ~iə̯, ɛ~eə̯
| {{IPA|ɪ}}
| rowspan="2" |{{IPA|ɛ}}~{{IPA|ɪ}}
| colspan="2" rowspan="2" |ɪ~ɪjə~iə̯
| rowspan="2" |{{IPA link|ɛ}}
|p'''e'''n
|-
| {{IPA|i}}
|l'''e'''ngth
|-
! style="position:sticky;left:0;" | {{IPA|ʌ}}
| colspan="2" | {{IPA|ʌ}}~{{IPA|ɜ}}
| colspan="2" | {{IPA|ʌ}}~{{IPA|ɐ}}
| {{IPA link|ʌ}}
|ʌ~ɜ~ɛ̠
|ɐ
|ʌ~ɜ~ɑ̈
|{{IPA|ʌ}}~{{IPA|ɜ}}~{{IPA|ɐ}}
| {{IPA|ʌ~ɔ}}
| ʌ
| {{IPA|ɐ}}
| colspan="3" | {{IPA|ʌ̈}}
| {{IPA|ʌ}}
| colspan="3" |ɜ
| colspan="3" | {{IPA|ä~ɐ}}
| colspan="2" | ʌ
| {{IPA|ʌ}}~{{IPA|ɜ}}~{{IPA|ɐ}}
|ɔ
| {{IPA link|ʌ}}~{{IPA|ɔ}}
|ɒ~ʌ~ə~ɤ~ʊ
| ɐ̟~a
| ɐ~ʌ̟~ɐ̟
| ʌ~ʌ̝
| ʌ~ʊ
| rowspan="3" |ʊ
| rowspan="3" | {{IPA|ʊ̞~ɤ}}
| colspan="2" rowspan="3" |ʊ
|ʊ, ʌ̈
| colspan="2" rowspan="2" | {{IPA link|ʊ}}
| {{IPA link|ɐ}}
| {{IPA link|ɐ}}~{{IPA link|ʌ̈}}~{{IPA link|ɑ̈}}{{efn-lr|The {{sc2|STRUT}} vowel in BrE is highly variable in the triangle defined by ə, ʌ and ɑ, see [http://englishspeechservices.com/blog/strut-for-dummies/ 'STRUT for Dummies']}}
| {{IPA|ʌ}}~{{IPA|ɐ}}
| {{IPA link|ə}}~{{IPA link|ɜ}}~{{IPA link|ɐ}}
| colspan="4" | {{IPA link|ɞ}}~{{IPA link|ʌ̈}}
| {{IPA link|ʌ̈}}~{{IPA link|ʊ}}
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA link|ʊ}}
| {{IPA link|ɤ}}~{{IPA link|ʊ}}
| {{IPA link|ʌ̈}}~{{IPA link|ʊ}}
| colspan="3" | {{IPA link|ɐ}}~{{IPA link|ä}}
|{{IPA link|ɔ̈}}
| {{IPA link|ʌ}}
| colspan="2" | {{IPA|ʌ}}~{{IPA|ɐ}}
| colspan="3" | {{IPA link|ɐ}}~{{IPA link|ä}}
| {{IPA|ä}}
| colspan="3" | {{IPA link|ə}}~{{IPA link|ɜ}}
| {{sc2|STRUT}}
| r'''u'''n
|-
! style="position:sticky;left:0;" rowspan="2" | {{IPA|ʊ}}
| colspan="2" rowspan="2" |ʊ~ʊ̜̈~ɵ~ø̞
| rowspan="2" colspan="3" | {{IPA link|ʊ}}
| rowspan="2" |ʊ~ɜ̠
| colspan="3" rowspan="2" |{{IPA|ʊ~ʊ̞}}
| rowspan="2" colspan="3" |{{IPA link|ʊ}}
| rowspan="2" |{{IPA link|ə~ɔ̝}}
| rowspan="2" colspan="3" |{{IPA link|ʊ}}
| colspan="3" rowspan="2" |ʊ̈~ʏ
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA|ʊ}}
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA|ʊ}}~{{IPA|u}}
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA|u}}
| colspan="3" rowspan="2" | {{IPA link|ʊ}}
| rowspan="2" |{{IPA|ʊ}}~{{IPA|u}}
| rowspan="2" |ʊ
| rowspan="2" |ɤ~ʊ~ʊ̝
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA|ʊ}}~ʊ̈
| rowspan="2" |ʊ~ʊ̜̈
| rowspan="2" colspan="2" |{{IPA|ʊ}}~ʊ̈
| rowspan="2" |ʊ
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA|ʊ}}
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA|ɵ~ɤ̈}}
| rowspan="2" colspan="2" | {{IPA link|ʊ}}

| rowspan="4" colspan="3" | {{IPA link|ʉ}}
| rowspan="4" | {{IPA link|ʊ̈}}
| {{IPA link|ʊ}}
| colspan="2" | {{IPA link|ʊ}}
| rowspan="2" colspan="3" |{{IPA|ʊ}}~ʊ̈
| rowspan="2" |{{IPA|ʊ}}
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA|ʊ}}
| rowspan="4" | {{IPA link|ʉ}}
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA link|ʊ}}
| rowspan="2" colspan="3" | {{IPA link|ʊ}}~{{IPA link|ɵ}}
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA link|ʊ}}~{{IPA link|u}}
| colspan="2" rowspan="2" | {{IPA link|ʊ}}
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA link|ɘ}}
| rowspan="2" | {{sc2|FOOT}}
| p'''u'''t
|-
| {{IPA|ʉː}}~{{IPA link|ʊ}}
|ʊ
| colspan="4" | {{IPA|uː}}~{{IPA link|ʊ}}
| h'''oo'''d
|-
! style="position:sticky;left:0;" rowspan="2" | {{IPA|uː}}
| colspan="2" rowspan="2" |ʊu̯~u
| rowspan="2" colspan="2" | {{IPA link|u}}~{{IPA|ʊu̯~ɵu̯}}
| rowspan="3" | {{IPA link|u}}
| rowspan="2" |uː~ʉː~yː
| rowspan="2" |ʉ̠ː
| rowspan="2" |ʊ~uː
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA link|u|u̟}}~{{IPA|ʊu̯~ʉu̯~ɵu̯}}
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA|u}}~{{IPA|ɵu̯}}
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA|ʊu̯}}~{{IPA|ɵu̯}}~{{IPA|yː}}
| rowspan="2" | u̟ː
| rowspan="2" colspan="3" | {{IPA|u}}~{{IPA|ʊu̯~ɤʊ̯~ɤu̯}}
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA|ʉu̯}}
| colspan="3" rowspan="2" |{{IPA|ʊu~ɵu~ʊ̈y~ʏy~ʉ̞u̟}}
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA|ʊu̯}}
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA|ʊ̈ʉ̯}}
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA|ʊ̈ʉ̯~əʉ̯}}
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA link|ʉː}}
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA|uː}}
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA|ʉu̯}}
| rowspan="2" |uː
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA link|uː}}~{{IPA link|ʉ}}
| rowspan="2" |əʉ̯~əu̯
| rowspan="2" | əʉ~ʉː~ɨː~ʊː
| rowspan="2" | ʉː~ʉ̟ː~ʏː
| rowspan="2" | ʏ̝ː~ʉː
| rowspan="2" | uː~ʏː
| rowspan="2" | ʉː
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA|u̟ː}}~{{IPA|ʉː}},ɵʊ̯
| rowspan="2" |ʊu~uː
| rowspan="2" |ʏː
| rowspan="2" |ʉː
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA link|ʉː}}, ɪ̈u̯~ɪ̈ʊ̯
| rowspan="2" |ʊu~uː
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA|ʊu̯}}
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA|ʊ̈ʉ̯~ʉː~ɨ̞ɯ̯̈}}
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA|u}}
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA link|uː}}
| rowspan="2" colspan="4" | {{IPA link|uː}}
| rowspan="2" colspan="3" | {{IPA|ʊ̈ʉ̯}}
| rowspan="2" |{{IPA link|uː}}
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA|u}}
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA|u}}
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA link|u|u̟ː}}
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA link|ʉː}}~{{IPA link|yː}}
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA link|ʉː}}
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA link|u}}
| colspan="3" | {{IPA link|uː}}
| rowspan="3" | {{sc2|GOOSE}}
| thr'''ou'''gh
|-
| colspan="3" rowspan="2" | {{IPA|ɪu̯}}{{efn-lr|name="Welshyou"|In Welsh English, ''you'', ''yew'' and ''ewe'' are {{IPA|/juː/}}, {{IPA|/jɪu/}} and {{IPA|/ɪu/}} respectively; in most other varieties of English they are homophones.}}
| thr'''ew'''
|-
! style="position:sticky;left:0;" | {{IPA|juː}}
| colspan="2" |(j)ʊu̯~(j)u
| colspan="2" |{{IPA|(j)u}}~{{IPA|(j)ʊu̯~(j)ɵu̯}}
| (j)uː~(j)ʉː~(j)yː
| (j)ʉ̠ː
| (j)ʊ~(j)u:
| {{IPA|(j)u̟}}~{{IPA|(j)ʊu̯~(j)ʉu̯~(j)ɵu̯}}
| {{IPA|(j)u}}~{{IPA|(j)ɵu̯}}
| {{IPA|(j)ʊu̯}}~{{IPA|(j)ɵu̯}}~{{IPA|(j)yː}}
| ju̟ː
| colspan="3" | {{IPA|(j)u}}~{{IPA|(j)ʊu̯~(j)ɤʊ̯~(j)ɤu̯}}
| {{IPA|(j)ʉu̯}}
|{{IPA|jʊu~jɵu~jʊ̈y~jʏy~jʉ̞u̟}}
| colspan="2" |{{IPA|(j)ʊu~(j)ɵu~(j)ʊ̈y~(j)ʏy~(j)ʉ̞u̟}}
| {{IPA|jʊu̯}}
| {{IPA|jʊ̈ʉ̯}}
| {{IPA|jʊ̈ʉ̯~jəʉ̯}}
| {{IPA|jʉː}}
| {{IPA|juː}}
| {{IPA|(j)ʉu̯}}
|juː
| {{IPA|juː}}~{{IPA|jʉ}}
|jəʉ̯~jəu̯
| jəʉ~jʉː~jɨː~jʊː
| jʉː~jʉ̟ː~jʏː
| jʏ̝ː~jʉː
| (j)uː
|jʉː
| {{IPA|ju̟ː}}~{{IPA|jʉː}},jɵʊ̯
|jʊu~juː
|jʏː
|jʉː
| {{IPA|jʉː}}, jɪ̈u̯~jɪ̈ʊ̯
|jʊu~juː
| {{IPA|jʊu̯}}
| {{IPA|jʊ̈ʉ̯~jʉː~jɨ̞ɯ̯̈}}
| {{IPA|ju}}
| {{IPA|juː}}
| colspan="3" | {{IPA|jʉ}}
| {{IPA|jʊ̈}}
| colspan="4" |{{IPA|juː}}
| colspan="3" |{{IPA|jʊ̈ʉ̯}}
|{{IPA|juː}}
| {{IPA|ju}}
| {{IPA|jʉ}}
| {{IPA|ju}}
| {{IPA|ju̟ː}}
| {{IPA|jʉː}}~{{IPA|jyː}}
| {{IPA|jʉː}}
| {{IPA|ju}}
| c'''u'''te
|-
! style="position:sticky;left:0;" rowspan="2" | {{IPA|aɪ}}
| colspan="2" |äɪ̯
| colspan="2" |{{IPA|ɐɪ̯}}{{efn-lr|name="canadianraising"}}
| rowspan="2" |{{IPA|ɑɪ̯~aː}}
| rowspan="2" |äɪ~aɪ
| rowspan="2" |æɪ~aɪ~äɪ
|ɐɪ̯
| colspan="2" | {{IPA|ʌɪ̯~ɜɪ̯~ɐɪ̯}}{{efn-lr|name="canadianraising"|Some dialects of North American English have a vowel shift called [[Canadian raising]], in which the first element of the diphthongs {{IPA|/aɪ, aʊ/}} is raised in certain cases, yielding {{IPA|[ʌɪ̯, ʌʊ̯]}} or {{IPA|[əɪ̯, əʊ̯]}}. Canadian English has raising of both diphthongs, but most dialects in the United States only have raising of {{IPA|/aɪ/}}. In monosyllables, raising occurs before voiceless consonants, so ''right'' {{IPA|[ɹʌɪ̯t]}} and ''out'' {{IPA|[ʌʊ̯t]}} have raised vowels, but ''eyes'' {{IPA|[aɪz]}} and ''loud'' {{IPA|[laʊd]}} do not.}}
| rowspan="2" |{{IPA|aɪ̯}}~{{IPA|äː}}
| rowspan="2" |{{IPA|äɪ̯}}
| colspan="3" |äɪ̯ 
| {{IPA|ɐɪ̯}}
|ai~aæ
| colspan="2" |ɐi~äɪ~äɛ~äː
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA|äɪ̯}}
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA|ɑ̟e̯~ɑe̯}}
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA|ɑe̯~ɒe̯}}
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA|ɑɪ̯}}
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA|ʌɪ̯}}
| {{IPA|ʌɪ̯~ɜɪ̯~ɐɪ̯}}{{efn-lr|name="canadianraising"}}
| rowspan="2" |a̽i
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA|aɪ̯}}~{{IPA|ɑɪ̯}}~{{IPA|ɒɪ̯}}
| rowspan="3" |aɪ̯~ɒɪ̯~ɔɪ̯
| rowspan="2" | ɑɪ̯~ɒɪ̯~ɑ̟ə̯~ɑ̟ː
| rowspan="2" | a̠ɪ̯~ɑɪ̯~ɑ̹ɪ̯
| rowspan="2" | æː~aɪ̯~ɐɪ̯
| rowspan="2" | ɒɪ̯~ɑɪ̯~əɪ̯
| rowspan="2" |aɪ~äɪ
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA|äi̯}}
| colspan="3" rowspan="2" |aɪ~äɪ
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA|aɪ̯}}~{{IPA|ɑɪ̯}}~{{IPA|aː}}
| rowspan="2" |äɪ~äː
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA|äɪ̯}}
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA|ɑ̈ɪ̯~ʌ̞ɪ̯}}
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA|ɐe̯}}
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA|äɪ̯}}
| colspan="4" | {{IPA|ɐi̯~ɜi̯}}{{efn-lr|name="canadianraising"}}
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA|æɪ̯~ɐɪ̯}}
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA|əɪ̯~ɐɪ̯}}
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA|ɑɪ̯~ɐɪ̯}}
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA|aɪ̯~ɑɪ̯}}
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA|ɑ̟ɪ̯}} 
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA|ɑe̯}}
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA|ɒe̯}}
| rowspan="3" |{{IPA|əi}}
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA|ɑɪ̯}}
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA|ɜi̯, äe̯}}
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA|ɑɪ̯}}
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA|äɪ̯}}
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA|äɪ̯}}~{{IPA link|äː}}
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA|ɑɪ̯}}~{{IPA link|ɑ|ɑ̟ː}}
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA|ai̯}}
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA|ɐ̟ɪ̯}}
| rowspan="2" |{{IPA|ɜɪ̯}}
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA|ɜi̯}}
| rowspan="2" | {{sc2|PRICE}}
| fl'''igh'''t
|-
| colspan="2" |äː~äe̯~aː
| colspan="2" | {{IPA|äɪ̯}}
| colspan="2" |{{IPA|äɪ̯}}
| aɪ̯~ae̯~æɪ̯
| colspan="3" | {{IPA|ɑɪ̯~ɒɪ̯~äɪ̯}}
| {{IPA|äɪ̯}}
|aɪ~æɛ~aæ
| colspan="2" |äː~äɛ
| {{IPA|ɑɪ̯}}
| colspan="4" | {{IPA|äe̯~ɜi̯}}
| m'''y'''
|-
! style="position:sticky;left:0;" | {{IPA|ɔɪ}}
| colspan="2" |oɪ̯
| colspan="2" | {{IPA|ɔɪ̯~oɪ̯}}
| {{IPA|ɔɪ̯}}
| colspan="4" |{{IPA|ɔɪ̯~oɪ̯}}
| {{IPA|ɔɪ̯}}
| {{IPA|oɪ̯}}
| {{IPA|ɔɪ̯}}
| colspan="4" | {{IPA|ɔɪ̯~oɪ̯}}
|ɔoɪ
| colspan="2" |{{IPA|oi̯}}
| {{IPA|o̞ɪ̯}}
| colspan="2" | {{IPA|oɪ̯}}
| {{IPA|oɪ̯}}~{{IPA|ɑɪ̯}}
| {{IPA|oɪ̯}}~{{IPA|ʌɪ̯}}
| {{IPA|ɔɪ̯}}
|{{IPA|oi}}
| {{IPA|ɔɪ̯}}~{{IPA|oɪ̯}}
| ɔ̝ɪ~oɪ
| ɔɪ̯~oɪ̯
| ɔ̝ɪ̯~oɪ̯
| ɔɪ̯~oɪ̯
|ɔɪ
| {{IPA|oe̯}}
| colspan="3" |ɔɪ
|oɪ
|ɔɪ
| {{IPA|ɔɪ̯}}
|{{IPA|oɪ̯}}
| colspan="6" |{{IPA|ɔɪ̯}}
| {{IPA|əɪ̯~ɑɪ̯}}
| {{IPA|aɪ̯~äɪ̯}}
| {{IPA|ɒɪ̯~oɪ̯}}
| {{IPA|ɒɪ̯}}
| {{IPA|oɪ̯}}
| colspan="2" | {{IPA|oe̯}}
| {{IPA|ɔɪ̯}}
| {{IPA|oi̯}}
| {{IPA|ɔɪ̯}}
| {{IPA|ɔɪ̯~ɒɪ̯}}
| colspan="2" | {{IPA|ɔɪ̯}}
| {{IPA|ɔi̯}}
| {{IPA|ɔɪ̯}}
|{{IPA|ɒɪ̯}}
| {{IPA|ʌ̈i̯}}
| {{sc2|CHOICE}}
| b'''oy'''
|-
! style="position:sticky;left:0;" rowspan="3" | {{IPA|oʊ}}
| colspan="2" rowspan="3" |ʌʊ̯~ɔʊ̯
| rowspan="3" colspan="2" | {{IPA|oʊ̯}}~ɔʊ̯
| rowspan="3" | {{IPA link|oː}}
| colspan="2" rowspan="2" |{{IPA|oʊ̯}}~ʌʊ̯~o̞
| rowspan="3" |o̞~o
| rowspan="2" |{{IPA|oʊ̯}}~ʌʊ̯~o̞
| rowspan="3" | {{IPA|ʌo̯}}~{{IPA|oʊ̯}}~{{IPA link|o}}
| rowspan="3" | {{IPA|oʊ̯~oː}}
| rowspan="3" | {{IPA|oʊ̯}}
| rowspan="2" colspan="3"| {{IPA|oʊ̯~ʌ̈ʊ̯}}
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA|ɘʊ̯}}~{{IPA|ɜʊ̯}}
| rowspan="3" |ɔu~ɒu
| colspan="2" rowspan="2" |{{IPA|ɜʊ~ɜʊ̈~ɜʏ~ɘʊ̯}}
| rowspan="3" | {{IPA|ɵ̞ʊ̯}}
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA|ɜʉ̯~ɐʉ̯}}
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA|ɐʉ̯~äʉ̯}}
| rowspan="3" | {{IPA|oʊ̯}}~{{IPA|ɵʊ̯}}
| rowspan="3" | {{IPA|oː}}~{{IPA|oə̯}}
| rowspan="3" | {{IPA|oʊ̯}}
| rowspan="3" |o
| rowspan="3" | {{IPA|əʊ̯}}
| rowspan="3" | ʌʊ̯~ɐʊ̯~aʊ̯
| rowspan="2" | æ̈ɤ̈~æ̈ɤ̝̈~ɐɤ̈~ɐɤ̝̈~<br/>æ̈ʊ~ɐʊ~aʊ~ɐø~<br/>œ̈ø~ʌ̈ː~œ̈
| rowspan="2" | əʏ̯~əʊ̯
| rowspan="2" | oː~oʊ̯~ɵʊ̯
| rowspan="2" | oʊ̯
| rowspan="3" |oː~ɔː
| rowspan="3" | {{IPA|oː}}~{{IPA|ʊə̯}}~ɵː
| rowspan="3" |oː~ɔː
| rowspan="3" |ɔʊ~ɔo
| rowspan="3" |oː~ɔː
| rowspan="3" | {{IPA|ɛʉ̯~ɛʊ̯~eʉ̯~<br/>eʊ̯~əʉ̯~əʊ̯}}
| rowspan="3" |oː~ɔː
| rowspan="3" | {{IPA|əʊ̯}}
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA|əʉ̯}}
| rowspan="3" colspan="7" | {{IPA|oː}}
| rowspan="3" | {{IPA|ʌo̯}}~{{IPA|ʌɔ̯}}
| rowspan="3" | {{IPA|əʊ̯}}
| rowspan="3" | {{IPA|oʊ̯}}~{{IPA|əʊ̯}}
| rowspan="3" | {{IPA|ɵʊ̯}}
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA|ɜʉ̯~ɐʉ̯}}
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA|ɐʉ̯}}
| rowspan="3" |{{IPA|ʌʊ}}
| rowspan="3" | {{IPA|oː~oʊ̯}}
| rowspan="3" | {{IPA link|o̝}}
| rowspan="3" | {{IPA|oː~oʊ̯}}
| rowspan="3" | {{IPA|ɛʊ̯~œʊ̯}}
| rowspan="3" | {{IPA|œʉ̯~œɤ̯̈~œː}}
| rowspan="3" | {{IPA|ʌʊ̯}}
| rowspan="3" | {{IPA link|o}}<ref name="Singapore' pp. 93-99"/>
| colspan="2" | {{IPA|oː}}
| rowspan="3" | {{IPA|ɘu̯}}
| rowspan="3" | {{sc2|GOAT}}
| n'''o'''
|-
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA|ou̯}}
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA|oʊ̯}}
| t'''ow'''
|-
|colspan="2" |ɔʊ̯~{{IPA link|oː}}
|{{IPA|oʊ̯}}~ʌʊ̯~ɔʊ̯~oː
|colspan="3" |ɔʊ̯~oː
|{{IPA link|oː}}~{{IPA|oʊ̯}}
| colspan="2" |{{IPA|ɔu̯}}
| colspan="2" | {{IPA|ɒʊ̯~ɔʊ̯}}
| ɒʊ~ɔo~aɤ
| ɒʊ̯~ɒɤ̯
| colspan="2" | ɔʊ̯
| {{IPA|ɒʊ̯~ɔʊ̯}}
| colspan="2" | {{IPA|ɔo̯}}
| s'''ou'''l
|-
! style="position:sticky;left:0;" rowspan="2" | {{IPA|aʊ}}
| colspan="2" rowspan="2" |æɔ̯~æə̯
| colspan="2" | {{IPA|ɐʊ̯}}{{efn-lr|name="canadianraising"}}
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA|aʊ̯~aː}}
| colspan="3" rowspan="2" |äʊ̯
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA|äʊ̯~aʊ̯~æʊ̯}}
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA|äʊ̯~ɐʊ̯}}
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA|æʊ̯}}
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA|ɑ̈ʊ̯}}
| rowspan="2" colspan="3" | {{IPA|aʊ̯~æʊ̯}}
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA|æʊ̯~ɛɔ̯}}
| rowspan="2" |æɒ~æɔ
| colspan="2" rowspan="2" |{{IPA|æɒ̯~ɛjɔ~ɜʊ̯}}
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA|äʊ̯}}
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA|aɔ̯~ao̯~æɔ̯~æo̯}}
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA|æo̯~æə̯~ɛo̯~ɛə̯}}
| rowspan="2" | ao̯~ɑə̯~aɵ~aɛ̯
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA|ʌʊ̯}}
| {{IPA|ʌʊ̯~ɜʊ̯}}{{efn-lr|name="canadianraising"}}
| rowspan="2" |a̽u
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA|aʊ̯}}
| rowspan="2" |æə̯~æʊ̯~ɛʉ̯~ɛ̝̈ʊ̯
| rowspan="2" | æʊ~æə~æː~aː~æiə
| rowspan="2" | æʊ̯~æʏ̯~aʊ̯~aʏ̯
| rowspan="2" | ɑʊ̯~aː
| rowspan="2" | æy~ɐʏ̯~ɐʊ̯~ɛɪ̯
| rowspan="2" |aʊ
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA|äu̯}}~{{IPA|æu̯}}~{{IPA|ɛu̯}}~{{IPA|əu̯}}~{{IPA|uː}}
| colspan="2" rowspan="2" |aʊ
| rowspan="2" |ɐʊ
| colspan="2" rowspan="2" |aʊ
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA|ɑ̟ʊ̯}}
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA|aʊ̯}}
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA|aɔ̯}}
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA|äʊ̯}}
| rowspan="2" colspan="4" | {{IPA|ɐʏ̯~ɜʉ̯}}
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA|ɐʊ̯~ʌʊ̯}}
| rowspan="2" colspan="2" | {{IPA|ɛʊ̯}}
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA|aʊ̯~ɛʊ̯}}
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA|aʊ̯}}
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA|æo̯}}
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA|ɛo̯~ɛə̯}}
| rowspan="2" |{{IPA|əu}}
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA|ɑʊ̯}}
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA|ɜʉ̯}}
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA|ɑʊ̯}}
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA|äʊ̯}}
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA link|äː}}
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA|æʊ̯}}
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA|au̯}}
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA|ɐu̯}}
| rowspan="2" |{{IPA|ɜʊ̯}}
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA|ɑ̟u̯}}
| rowspan="2" | {{sc2|MOUTH}}
| ab'''ou'''t
|-
| colspan="2" | {{IPA|ɑ̟ʊ̯}}
| {{IPA|äʊ̯~ɑʊ̯}}
| n'''ow'''
|-
! style="position:sticky;left:0;" | {{IPA|ɑːr}}
| ɑ(ɹ)~ɒ(ɹ)
| ɑɹ~ɒɹ
| colspan="2" | a(ɹ)~ä(ɹ)
| {{IPA|ɑ(ɹ)~a(ɹ)}}
| colspan="2" |{{IPA|ɑɹ}}
| ɑɹ~ɒɹ
|{{IPA|ɑɹ}}
| {{IPA|äɻ}}~{{IPA|ɐɻ}}
| ɑɹ
| {{IPA|ɑ̟ə̯(ɹ)}}
| {{IPA|ɒə̯(ɹ)}}
| {{IPA|äə̯(ɹ)}}
| {{IPA|ɑɹ~ɒɹ}}
| {{IPA|ɑɹ}}
| colspan="2" | ɑː(ɹ)~ɒː(ɹ)
| ɑɹ~ɒɹ
| {{IPA|äː(ɹ)}}
| colspan="2" | {{IPA|äː(ɹ)~ɐː(ɹ)}}
| {{IPA|ɑː(ɹ)}}
| {{IPA|aːɹ}}
| {{IPA|ɑɹ~ɐɹ}}
|a̽~a̽ː
| {{IPA|ɑː(ɾ)}}
| colspan="2" | {{IPA|ɑː(ɹ)}}
| ɑː(ɹ)~ɑ̟ː(ɹ)~ɑ̹ː(ɹ)
| {{IPA|ɑː(ɹ)}}
| äɻ
|äː(ɹ)
| {{IPA|ɒː(ɾ)~ɑː(ɹ)}}
| colspan="3" |äː(ɹ)
| aː(ɾ)~ɑː(ɾ)
|äː(ɹ)
| {{IPA|ɑ̟ː(ɹ)}}
| {{IPA|ɑ̈ː(ɹ)~ʌ̞ː(ɹ)}}
| {{IPA|ɑː(ɹ)}}
| {{IPA|äː(ɾ)}}
| colspan="4" | {{IPA|ɑɻ}}
| colspan="2" | {{IPA|æːɹ}}~{{IPA|aɹ}}
| colspan="2" | {{IPA|äːɹ}}~{{IPA|ɑɹ}}
| colspan="3" | {{IPA|ɐː(ɹ)}}~{{IPA|äː(ɹ)}}
|{{IPA|ær}}
| {{IPA|ɑɹ}}
| {{IPA|äɾ}}
| {{IPA|ɑː(ɾ)}}
| {{IPA|ɑ̟ː(ɹ)}}
| {{IPA|ɑː(ɹ)}}
| {{IPA|ɒː(ɾ)~ɔː(ɾ)}}
| {{IPA|ä(ɹ)}}
| colspan="2" | {{IPA|aː(ɾ)}}
| {{IPA|aː(ɹ)}}~{{IPA|æː(ɹ)}}
| {{sc2|START}}
| '''ar'''m
|-
! style="position:sticky;left:0;" | {{IPA|ɪər}}
| iə̯(ɹ)~iɤ̯(ɹ)
| iɹ
| colspan="2" | {{IPA|ɪə̯(ɹ)~ɪɐ̯(ɹ)}}
| {{IPA|i(ɹ)~ɪ(ɹ)}}
| colspan="4" |{{IPA|ɪɹ~iɹ}}
| {{IPA|iɻ~iə̯ɻ}}
| iɹ
| {{IPA|ɪə̯(ɹ)}}
| colspan="2" | ɪə̯(ɹ)~iə̯(ɹ)
| ɪɹ~iɹ
| iɹ
| colspan="2" | i(ɹ)
| iɹ
| ɪə̯(ɹ)
| {{IPA|ɪə̯(ɹ)~ɪː(ɹ)~iː(ɹ)~iə̯(ɹ)}}
| {{IPA|iː(ɹ)~iə̯(ɹ)}}
| {{IPA|iə̯(ɹ)~eə̯(ɹ)}}
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA|eːɹ}}
| {{IPA|ɪɹ}}
|ia̽
| {{IPA|iə̯(ɾ)~ɪə̯(ɾ)}}
|ɘiɐ(ɹ)~iə̯(ɹ)~ɪə̯(ɹ)~ɜː(ɹ)
| iə(ɹ)~ɪː(ɹ)~ɪiɐ(ɹ)
| ɪː(ɹ)~ɪə̯(ɹ)
| ɪː(ɹ)
| iɻ
|ɪə(ɹ)
| iɐ̯(ɹ)
| colspan="3" |ɪə
| iɛ̯(ɾ)
| colspan="2" |{{IPA|ɪə̯(ɹ)}}
| {{IPA|ɪ̞ː(ɹ)~ɪə̯(ɹ)}}
| ɪə̯(ɹ)~iə̯(ɹ)
| {{IPA|ɪə̯(ɾ)~iː(ɾ)}}
| colspan="8" | {{IPA|iːɹ}}
| {{IPA|ɪə̯(ɹ)}}
| rowspan="2" colspan="2" |{{IPA|ɪə̯(ɹ)}}{{efn-lr|name="NZE centering"|Merging {{sc2|NEAR}} and {{sc2|SQUARE}} is especially common amongst young New Zealanders.}}
| rowspan="2" |{{IPA|ɛr}}
| {{IPA|ɪɹ~iɹ}}
| {{IPA|iə̯ɾ}}
| ɪə̯(ɾ)~iə̯(ɾ)
| colspan="2" | {{IPA|ɪə̯(ɹ)}}
| {{IPA|ɪə̯(ɾ)~ɪː(ɾ)}}
| {{IPA|iə̯(ɹ)}}
| colspan="2" | {{IPA|iːə(ɾ)}}~{{IPA|jøː(ɾ)}}
| {{IPA|iːə(ɹ)}}~{{IPA|jøː(ɹ)}}
| {{sc2|NEAR}}
| d'''eer'''
|-
! style="position:sticky;left:0;" | {{IPA|ɛər}}
|ɛə̯(ɹ)
|ɛɹ
| colspan="2" | ɛə̯(ɹ)~ɛɐ̯(ɹ)
| {{IPA|ɛ(ɹ)~æ(ɹ)}}
| colspan="2" |eɹ
| colspan="2" |eɹ~ɛɹ
| {{IPA|eə̯ɻ}}~{{IPA|eɻ}}
| eɹ
| ɛə̯(ɹ)
| colspan="2" | {{IPA|ɛə̯(ɹ)~eə̯(ɹ)}}
| {{IPA|ɛɹ~eɹ}}
| {{IPA|eɹ}}
| colspan="2" | ɛ(j)(ɹ)
|e̞ɹ~ɛ(j)ɹ
| e̞ə̯(ɹ)
| {{IPA|e̞ː(ɹ)~eː(ɹ)}}
| {{IPA|eː(ɹ)~e̝ː(ɹ)}}
| {{IPA|eə̯(ɹ)}}
| {{IPA|ɛɹ}}
|ɛ
| {{IPA|ɛə̯(ɾ)}}
|ɛə̯(ɹ)~ɛː(ɹ)~ɜː(ɹ)
| ɛ̝ə(ɹ)~ɛː(ɹ)~ɛiə(ɹ)
| ɛ̝ː(ɹ)~e̞ː(ɹ)
| {{IPA|ɛː(ɹ)}}
| eɻ
| colspan="5" |{{IPA|ɛː(ɹ)}}
| rowspan="4" | {{IPA|ɪː(ɾ)~eː(ɾ)~ëː(ɾ)~ɛː(ɾ)~<br/>ɛ̈ː(ɾ)~œː(ɾ)~əː(ɾ)~<br/>ɘː(ɾ)~ɜː(ɾ)~ɵː(ɾ)}}
|{{IPA|ɛː(ɹ)}}
| {{IPA|ɛə̯(ɹ)}}
| {{IPA|ɛː(ɹ)~ɛə̯(ɹ)}}
|ɛə̯(ɹ)
| {{IPA|ɛə̯(ɾ)~eː(ɾ)}}
| rowspan="4" | {{IPA|ɚː}}
| colspan="3" | {{IPA|ɛːɹ}}
| colspan="4" | {{IPA|eːɹ}}
| {{IPA|e̞ə̯(ɹ)}}
|ɛɹ
| {{IPA|eə̯ɾ}}
| ɛə̯(ɾ)~ɛɐ̯(ɾ)
| {{IPA|ɛə̯(ɹ)}}
| {{IPA|ɛə̯(ɹ)~ɛː(ɹ)~eː(ɹ)}}
| {{IPA|eː(ɾ)~e̝ː(ɾ)}}
| {{IPA|ɛ(ɹ)}}
| colspan="2" | {{IPA|ɛː(ɾ)}}
| {{IPA|ɛː(ɹ)~eː(ɹ)}}
| {{sc2|SQUARE}}
| m'''are'''
|-
! style="position:sticky;left:0;" rowspan="3" | {{IPA|ɜːr}}
| rowspan="3" |ɚ
| rowspan="5" | {{IPA link|ɚ}}
| rowspan="3" |əː(ɹ)
| rowspan="3" |ɚ
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA|ʌə(ɹ)~ʌɹ}}
| colspan="2" rowspan="3" |ɝ
| rowspan="5" | {{IPA link|ɚ}}
| rowspan="3" | {{IPA|ɚ}}~{{IPA|ɝ}}
| rowspan="5" | {{IPA link|ɚ}}~əɻ
| rowspan="5" |ɚ
| rowspan="3" |ɜː(ɹ)~əː(ɹ)
| rowspan="3" |ɚ
| rowspan="3" | əɪ̯
| rowspan="5" colspan="2"| {{IPA link|ɚ}}
| colspan="2" rowspan="3" |ɜ(ɹ)
| rowspan="3" |ɚ~ɐɹ
| rowspan="3" | {{IPA|əː(ɹ)}}
| rowspan="3" | {{IPA|əː(ɹ)~ɘː(ɹ)}}
| rowspan="3" | {{IPA|ɘː(ɹ)~ɵː(ɹ)}}
| rowspan="3" | ə(ɹ)~ɜ(ɹ)~ɜi̯(ɹ)
| rowspan="5" | ɤ
| rowspan="5" | {{IPA link|ɚ}}
| rowspan="3" |ɛ~ɔ
| rowspan="3" | {{IPA|əː(ɾ)}}
| rowspan="3" |ɵ̝ː(ɹ)~əː(ɹ)~ɜː(ɹ)
| rowspan="3" | ɜː(ɹ)~ɜ̟ː(ɹ)~œ̈ː(ɹ)
| rowspan="3" | ɜː(ɹ)~əː(ɹ)
| rowspan="3" | əː(ɹ)
| rowspan="3" | ɜɻ
| rowspan="3" |ɜː~ɛ
| rowspan="3" | {{IPA|øː(ɹ)~ɪː(ɹ)~əː(ɹ)~ɔː(ɹ)}}
| colspan="3" rowspan="3" |ɜː~ɛ
| rowspan="3" |ɜː~ɛ
| rowspan="3" | {{IPA|əː(ɹ)~ɐː(ɹ)}}
| rowspan="3" | {{IPA|əː(ɹ)}}
| rowspan="3" | {{IPA|əː(ɹ)~ɐː(ɹ)}}
| rowspan="3" | {{IPA|ɜː(ɾ)~äɾ}}
| rowspan="3" | {{IPA|ɚː}}
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA|ɚː}}{{efn-lr|name="FFFM"|See [[Fern–fir–fur merger|''Fern''–''fir''–''fur'' merger]] for this distinction in some varieties.}}
| rowspan="3" | {{IPA|ɚː}}
| rowspan="2" colspan="2" | {{IPA|ʊːɹ}}{{efn-lr|name="FFFM"}}
| rowspan="3" colspan="2" | {{IPA|ɚː}}
| rowspan="3" colspan="3" | {{IPA|ɵː(ɹ)}}
| rowspan="3" |{{IPA|ɝ:}}
| rowspan="5" | {{IPA link|ɚ}}
| {{IPA|ʌɾ}}{{efn-lr|name="FFFM"}}
| rowspan="3" | {{IPA|əː(ɾ)~ɐː(ɾ)}}
| rowspan="3" | {{IPA|əː(ɹ)~ɐː(ɹ)}}
| rowspan="3" | {{IPA|ø̈ː(ɹ)~ø̞̈ː(ɹ)}}
| rowspan="3" | {{IPA|ø̈ː(ɾ)~ø̞̈ː(ɾ)}}
| rowspan="5" | {{IPA|ə(ɹ)}}
| rowspan="3" | {{IPA|əː(ɾ)}}
| rowspan="3" |{{IPA|øː(ɾ)}}
| rowspan="3" | {{IPA|øː(ɹ)}}
| rowspan="3" | {{sc2|NURSE}}
| b'''ur'''n
|-
| {{IPA|ɪɾ~ʌɾ}}{{efn-lr|name="FFFM"}}
| b'''ir'''d
|-
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA|əɹ}} 
| {{IPA|ɛːɹ}}{{efn-lr|name="FFFM"}}
| colspan="2" | {{IPA|ɛːɹ}}{{efn-lr|name="FFFM"}}
| {{IPA|ɛɾ}}{{efn-lr|name="FFFM"}}
| '''ear'''th
|-
! style="position:sticky;left:0;" rowspan="2" | {{IPA|ər}}
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA|ə(ɹ)}}
| colspan="2" rowspan="2" | {{IPA|ə(ɹ)}}
| colspan="2" rowspan="2" |ɚ
| rowspan="2" |ɚ
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA|ə(ɹ)}}
| colspan="2" rowspan="2" | {{IPA|ə(ɹ)}}
| rowspan="2" colspan="2" |{{IPA|ə(ɹ)}}
| rowspan="2" | ɚ
| colspan="4" rowspan="2" | {{IPA|ə(ɹ)}}
| rowspan="2" |ə~a̽~ɔ~ɪ~ɛ
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA|œ(ɾ)~ə(ɾ)}}
| colspan="2" rowspan="2" | {{IPA|ə(ɹ)~ɐ(ɹ)}}
|rowspan="2" | ə(ɹ)~ə̝(ɹ)
|rowspan="2" | {{IPA|ə(ɹ)~ɐ(ɹ)}}
| rowspan="2" | əɻ
| colspan="7" rowspan="2" |ə(ɹ)~ɜ(ɹ)
| colspan="2" rowspan="2" |{{IPA|ə(ɹ)}}
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA|ɐ(ɹ)~a(ɹ)}}
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA|ə(ɾ)}}
| colspan="8" rowspan="2" | {{IPA link|ɚ}}
| colspan="3" rowspan="2" | {{IPA|ə(ɹ)}}
| rowspan="2" |{{IPA|ɚ}}
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA|əɾ}}
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA|ə(ɾ)~ɐ(ɾ)}}
| colspan="2" rowspan="2" | {{IPA|ə(ɹ)}}
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA|ə(ɾ)}}
| colspan="2" rowspan="2" | {{IPA|ə(ɾ)}}
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA|ə(ɹ)}}
| rowspan="2" | {{sc2|LETTER}}
| winn'''er'''{{efn-lr|name="r-colored schwa"|Sometimes transcribed for GA as {{IPA|[əɹ]}}, especially in transcriptions that represent both rhotic and non-rhotic pronunciations, as {{IPA|[ə(ɹ)]}}.}}
|-
| {{IPA|ʌə(ɹ)~ʌɹ}}
|  don'''or'''
|-
! style="position:sticky;left:0;" rowspan="2" | {{IPA|ɔːr}}
| rowspan="3" | oə̯(ɹ)~ɔə̯(ɹ)~ɔo̯(ɹ)
| rowspan="3" | oɹ
| colspan="2" | ɔə̯(ɹ)~ɒə̯(ɹ)~ɒ(ɹ)
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA|ɔə(ɹ)~ɔɹ}}
| colspan="2" rowspan="2" |{{IPA|ɔɹ~oɹ}}
| rowspan="3"| oɹ~ɔɹ
| rowspan="2"| oɹ~ɔɹ
| rowspan="2" |ɔɻ~oɻ
| rowspan="2"| oɹ~ɔɹ
| rowspan="2" | ɔə̯(ɹ)
| rowspan="3" colspan="2" | oɐ̯(ɹ)~ɔə̯(ɹ)
| rowspan="3" colspan="2"| oɹ~ɔɹ
| colspan="2" | ɔə̯(ɹ)
| ɔɹ
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA|o̞ː(ɹ)}}
| rowspan="2" colspan="2" | {{IPA|oː(ɹ)}}
| ɔə̯(ɹ)
| ɒːɹ~ɑːɹ
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA|ɔɹ}}
| rowspan="3" |ɔ
| {{IPA|ɑː(ɾ)~əː(ɾ)}}
|o̞ː(ɹ)~ɔː(ɹ)
| rowspan="2" | ɔː(ɹ)~ɔ̝ə(ɹ)~ɔuə(ɹ), oː(ɹ)~oʊ(ɹ)~ɔo(ɹ)
| rowspan="3" | o̟ː~o̞ː, ɔə̯(ɹ)~ɔː(ɹ)~ɔ̝ː
| rowspan="3" | oː(ɹ)
| rowspan="3" |ɔɻ~oɻ
| rowspan="2" |ɔː(ɹ)~ɒː(ɹ)
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA|ɔː(ɹ)}}
| colspan="3" rowspan="2" |ɔː(ɹ)~ɒː(ɹ)
| rowspan="2" |o̞ː(ɹ)
| rowspan="2" |ɔː(ɹ)~ɒː(ɹ)
| colspan="2" rowspan="2" | {{IPA|o̞ː(ɹ)}}
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA|oː(ɹ)}}
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA|ɔː(ɾ)~ɒː(ɾ)}}
| colspan="4" | {{IPA|ɔːɹ}}
| colspan="2" | {{IPA|äːɹ~ɑːɹ}}
| colspan="2" | {{IPA|ɒːɹ~oːɹ}}
| rowspan="2" colspan="3" | {{IPA|oː(ɹ)}}
| rowspan="3" |{{IPA|ɔ̈r}}
| rowspan="2" | oɹ
| {{IPA|ɔɾ}}
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA|oː(ɾ)}}
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA|o̞ː(ɹ)}}
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA|oː(ɹ)}}
| rowspan="3" | {{IPA|oː(ɾ)}}
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA|ɔ(ɹ)}}
| colspan="2" | {{IPA|ɒː(ɾ)}}
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA|ʌ̈ː(ɹ)}}
| {{sc2|NORTH}}
| s'''or'''t
|-
| colspan="2" | ɔə̯(ɹ)~oɐ̯(ɹ)
| colspan="2" | o(u)ə(ɹ)
| o(u)ɹ
| oə̯(ɹ)
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA|oːɹ}}
| {{IPA|oː(ɾ)~əː(ɾ)}}
| o̞ː(ɹ)~ɔː(ɹ), ʌʊ̯ə(ɹ)
| colspan="4" | {{IPA|oːɹ}}
| {{IPA|ɔːɹ}}
| {{IPA|ɒːɹ}}
| colspan="2" | {{IPA|oːɹ}}
| {{IPA|o̝(ə̯)ɾ}}
| colspan="2" | {{IPA|oː(ɾ)}}
| {{sc2|FORCE}}
| t'''ore'''
|-
! style="position:sticky;left:0;" | {{IPA|ʊər}}
| colspan="2" |ʊə̯(ɹ)~ʊɐ̯(ɹ)
| {{IPA|uə(ɹ)~ʊə(ɹ)}}
| colspan="2" |{{IPA|ʊɹ~ɔɹ~oɹ}}
| {{IPA|ʊɹ~ɔɹ~oɹ}}
| {{IPA|uɻ~oɻ}}
| uɹ~ɚ
| ʊə̯(ɹ)
| colspan="2" |uə̯(ɹ)
| uɹ~ɚ
| {{IPA|ʊə̯(ɹ)}}
| colspan="2" | {{IPA|ʊ̈ʉ̯ə(ɹ), oː(ɹ)}}
| {{IPA|uə̯(ɹ)}}
| {{IPA|ʊɹ~ɔɹ}}
| uə̯(ɾ)
|ɘua(ɹ)~ɘʉa(ɹ)~ʊa̯(ɹ)~ʊə̯(ɹ), ɔː(ɹ)~o̞ː(ɹ)
| ʊə(ɹ)~ʊː(ɹ), ɔː(ɹ)~ɔ̝ə(ɹ)~ɔuə(ɹ), oː(ɹ)~oʊ(ɹ)~ɔo(ɹ)
|ʊə(ɹ)
| uɐ̯(ɹ)
| colspan="3" |ʊə(ɹ)
| uɛ̯(ɾ)~ɪ̈u̯ə(ɾ)~ɪ̈ʊ̯ə(ɾ)~<br/>{{IPA|o̞ː(ɾ)}}
| colspan="2" |{{IPA|ʊə̯(ɹ)}}
| {{IPA|ɵː(ɹ)~ɤ̈ː(ɹ), o̞ː(ɹ)}}
| oə̯(ɹ)
| {{IPA|ʊə̯(ɾ)~uː(ɾ)}}
| colspan="8" | {{IPA|uːɹ}}
| {{IPA|ʊə̯(ɹ)}}
| colspan="2" | {{IPA|ʊ̈ʉ̯ə(ɹ), oː(ɹ)}}
| oɚ
| {{IPA|ʉɾ}}
| oə̯(ɾ)~oɐ̯(ɾ)
| {{IPA|ʊə̯(ɹ)}}
| {{IPA|ʊə̯(ɹ)~oː(ɹ)}}
| {{IPA|uə̯(ɹ)}}
| colspan="2" | {{IPA|uːə(ɾ)}}
| {{IPA|uːə(ɹ)}}~{{IPA|ʌ̈ː(ɹ)}}
| rowspan="2" | {{sc2|CURE}}
| t'''our'''
|-
! style="position:sticky;left:0;" | {{IPA|jʊər}}
| juə̯(ɹ)~jʊə̯(ɹ)
| juɹ~jʊɹ
| colspan="2" |jʊə̯(ɹ)~jʊɐ̯(ɹ)
| juə(ɹ)~jʊə(ɹ)
| colspan="2" |{{IPA|jʊɹ~jɔɹ~joɹ}}
| jʊɹ~jɔɹ~joɹ~jɚ
| jʊɹ~juɹ~jɚ
| {{IPA|jɚ}}
| jʊ~juɹ~jɚ
| jʊə̯(ɹ)
| colspan="2" | juɐ̯(ɹ)~juə̯(ɹ)
|juɹ
| {{IPA|jɔɹ~joɹ~jɚ}}
| colspan="2" | juə̯(ɹ)
|juɹ~jɚ
| {{IPA|jʊə̯(ɹ)}}
| colspan="2" | {{IPA|jʊ̈ʉ̯ə(ɹ), joː(ɹ)}}
| {{IPA|juə̯(ɹ)}}
| {{IPA|joːɹ}}
| {{IPA|jɚ~jʊɹ~jɵɹ}}
|jɔ
| {{IPA|juə̯(ɾ)}}
|jɘua(ɹ)~jɘʉa(ɹ)~jʊa̯(ɹ)~jʊə̯(ɹ), jɔː(ɹ)~jo̞ː(ɹ)
| jʊə(ɹ)~jʊː(ɹ), jɔː(ɹ)~jɔ̝ə(ɹ)~jɔuə(ɹ), joː(ɹ)~joʊ(ɹ)~jɔo(ɹ)
| jʉ̜ə̯(ɹ)~jʊ̜ə̯(ɹ)~jɔ̝ː(ɹ)
| joː(ɹ)
| jʊɻ
|jʊə(ɹ)
| juɐ̯(ɹ)
| colspan="3" |jʊə(ɹ)
| {{IPA|jo̞ː(ɾ)}}
| colspan="2" |{{IPA|jʊə̯(ɹ)}}
| {{IPA|jɵː(ɹ)~jɤ̈ː(ɹ), jo̞ː(ɹ)}}
| joə̯(ɹ)
| {{IPA|jʊə̯(ɾ)~juː(ɾ)}}
| colspan="8" | {{IPA|juːɹ}}
| {{IPA|jʊə̯(ɹ)}}
| colspan="2" | {{IPA|jʊ̈ʉ̯ə(ɹ), joː(ɹ)}}
|{{IPA|jɔ̈r}}
| joɚ
| {{IPA|jʉɾ}}
| joə̯(ɾ)~joɐ̯(ɾ)
| {{IPA|jʊə̯(ɹ)}}
| {{IPA|jʊə̯(ɹ)}}~{{IPA|joː(ɹ)}}
| {{IPA|joː(ɾ)}}
| {{IPA|jɔ(ɹ)}}
| colspan="2" | {{IPA|ɪuːə(ɾ)}}
| {{IPA|juːə(ɹ)}}~{{IPA|jʌ̈ː(ɹ)}}
| p'''ure'''
|}

{{notelist-lr}}

==See also==
* [[English phonology]]
* [[List of dialects of the English language]]
* [[List of writing systems#Phonetic alphabets|Phonetic alphabets]]
* [[Pronunciation respelling for English]]
* [[SAMPA chart for English]]
* [[Help:IPA/English]]
* [[Help:IPA/Conventions for English]]

==References==
{{reflist}}

==Further reading==
{{refbegin}}
* {{citation
|last1=Bauer
|first1=Laurie
|last2=Warren
|first2=Paul
|last3=Bardsley
|first3=Dianne
|last4=Kennedy
|first4=Marianna
|last5=Major
|first5=George
|title=New Zealand English
|journal=Journal of the International Phonetic Association
|year=2007
|volume=37
|issue=1
|pages=97–102
|url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/282778721
|doi=10.1017/S0025100306002830
|doi-access=free
}}
* {{cite book
|last=Boberg
|first=Charles
|author-link=Charles Boberg
|year=2004
|chapter=English in Canada: phonology
|editor1-last=Schneider
|editor1-first=Edgar W.
|editor2-last=Burridge
|editor2-first=Kate
|editor2-link=Kate Burridge
|editor3-last=Kortmann
|editor3-first=Bernd
|editor4-last=Mesthrie
|editor4-first=Rajend
|editor5-last=Upton
|editor5-first=Clive
|title=A Handbook of Varieties of English
|volume=1: Phonology
|pages=351–365
|publisher=Mouton de Gruyter
|isbn=978-3-11-017532-5
}}
* {{cite web
|last=Bekker
|first=Ian
|year=2008
|title=The vowels of South African English
|url=http://dspace.nwu.ac.za/bitstream/handle/10394/2003/phdmain.pdf?sequence=1
}}
* {{citation
|editor-last1=Coupland
|editor-first1=Nikolas
|editor-last2=Thomas
|editor-first2=Alan R.
|year=1990
|title=English in Wales: Diversity, Conflict, and Change
|publisher=Multilingual Matters Ltd.
|isbn=1-85359-032-0
|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=tPwYt3gVbu4C
}}
* {{cite book
|last=Gimson
|first=A. C.
|author-link=Alfred C. Gimson
|title=An Introduction to the Pronunciation of English
|edition=3rd
|publisher=Edward Arnold
|year=1980
|location=London
|isbn=0-7131-6287-2
}}
* {{cite journal
|last1=Harrington
|first1=J.
|last2=Cox
|first2=F.
|last3=Evans
|first3=Z.
|title=An acoustic phonetic study of broad, general, and cultivated Australian English vowels
|journal=Australian Journal of Linguistics
|year=1997
|volume=17
|issue=2
|pages=155–84
|doi=10.1080/07268609708599550
}}
* {{Citation
|last1=Cox
|first1=Felicity
|last2=Palethorpe
|first2=Sallyanne
|year=2007
|title=Australian English
|journal=Journal of the International Phonetic Association
|volume=37
|issue=3
|pages=341–350
|doi=10.1017/S0025100307003192
|url=http://clas.mq.edu.au/felicity/Papers/Illustration_Australian.pdf
|doi-access=free
}}
* {{cite book
|last=Kenyon
|first=John S.
|author-link=John Samuel Kenyon
|title=American Pronunciation
|publisher=George Wahr
|location=Ann Arbor
|year=1950
|edition=10th
}}
* {{cite book
|last1=Kenyon
|first1=John S.
|last2=Knott
|first2=Thomas A.
|title=[[A Pronouncing Dictionary of American English]]
|publisher=Merriam-Webster
|location=Springfield, Mass.
|orig-year=1944|year=1953
|isbn=0-87779-047-7
}}
* {{cite book
|last=Lass
|first=Roger
|chapter=South African English
|editor-last=Mesthrie
|editor-first=Rajend
|year=2002
|title=Language in South Africa
|publisher=Cambridge University Press
|isbn=9780521791052
}}
* {{cite book
|last1=Mannell
|first1=R.
|last2=Cox
|first2=F.
|last3=Harrington
|first3=J.
|year=2009
|title=An Introduction to Phonetics and Phonology
|publisher=Macquarie University
}}
* {{cite journal
|last=Roach
|first=Peter
|year=2004
|title=British English: Received Pronunciation
|journal=Journal of the International Phonetic Association
|volume=34
|issue=2
|pages=239–245
|doi=10.1017/S0025100304001768
|doi-broken-date=1 December 2024
|doi-access=free
}}
* {{cite book
|last=Sailaja
|first=Pingali
|year=2009
|title=Indian English
|url=https://archive.org/details/indianenglishdia00ping
|url-access=limited
|place=Edinburgh
|publisher=Edinburgh University Press Ltd
|pages=[https://archive.org/details/indianenglishdia00ping/page/n27 17]–38
|isbn=9780748625949
}}
* {{cite book
|last1=Schneider
|first1=Edgar W.
|last2=Kortmann
|first2=Bernd
|title=A Handbook of Varieties of English|publisher=Mouton de Gruyter
|location=Berlin
|year=2004
|isbn=3-11-017532-0
}}
* {{cite document
|last1=Scobbie
|first1=James M.
|last2=Gordeeva
|first2=Olga B.
|last3=Matthews
|first3=Benjamin
|year=2006
|title=Acquisition of Scottish English Phonology: an overview
|place=Edinburgh
|publisher=QMU Speech Science Research Centre Working Papers
}}
* {{cite dictionary
|last=Wells
|first=John C.
|author-link=John C. Wells
|title=Longman Pronunciation Dictionary
|publisher=Pearson Education Limited
|location=Harlow, Essex
|edition=2nd
|year=2000
|isbn=0-582-36468-X
|url-access=registration
|url=https://archive.org/details/longmanpronuncia00jcwe
}}
* {{cite book
|last=Wells
|first=John C.
|title=Accents of English
|volume=II: The British Isles
|location=Cambridge, New York
|publisher=Cambridge University Press
|year=1982
|isbn=0-521-28541-0
}}
{{refend}}

{{IPA navigation}}

[[Category:International Phonetic Alphabet|Chart for English dialects]]
[[Category:English phonology]]
[[Category:Comparison of forms of English]]