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{{Short description|The 9 planets of vedic astrology}}
[[File:Navagraha.jpg|thumb|200px|''Navagraha'', Sun at the center
surrounded by the planets, Painting by [[Raja Ravi Varma]]]]
The '''navagraha''' are nine heavenly bodies and deities that influence human life on Earth according to [[Hinduism]] and [[Hindu mythology]].<ref name="dalalnavagr">{{cite book|author=Roshen Dalal|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=DH0vmD8ghdMC|title=Hinduism: An Alphabetical Guide|publisher=Penguin Books|year=2010|isbn=978-0-14-341421-6|pages=280}}</ref> The term is derived from ''nava'' ({{langx|sa|नव}} "nine") and ''graha'' ({{langx|sa|ग्रह}} "planet, seizing, laying hold of, holding"). The nine parts of the navagraha are the Sun, Moon, planets Mercury, Venus, Mars, Jupiter, and Saturn, and the [[lunar node|two nodes of the Moon]].<ref>Sanskrit-English Dictionary by Monier-Williams, 1899</ref>

[[File:Navagraham.jpg|thumb|A typical navagraha shrine found inside a [[Hindu temple]]]]
The term ''planet'' was applied originally only to the five planets known (i.e., visible to the [[naked eye]]) and excluded the [[Earth]]. The term was later generalized, particularly during the [[Post-classical history|Middle Ages]], to include the sun and the moon (sometimes referred to as "lights"), making a total of seven planets. The [[Seven days of the week#Hindu tradition|seven days of the week]] of the [[Hindu calendar]] also corresponds with the [[seven classical planets]] and European culture also following same patron and are [[Names of the days of the week#Hindu tradition|named accordingly]] in most languages of the [[Indian subcontinent]]. Most [[Hindu temples]] around the world have a designated place dedicated to the worship of the navagraha.

==List==
{| class="wikitable"
|+Navagrahas:<ref name="dalalnavagr" />
!No.
!Image
!Name 
!Western equivalent
!Day
!Stotra<ref>{{Cite web |title=Nava Graha Stotram |url=https://vignanam.org/english/nava-graha-stotram.html |access-date=2025-06-30 |website=Vignanam}}</ref>
|-
|1.
|[[File:Surya graha.JPG|90px]]
|[[Surya]]
|[[Sun]]
|[[Sunday]]
|japākusuma saṅkāśaṃ kāśyapēyaṃ mahādyutim ।
tamō'riṃ sarva pāpaghnaṃ praṇatōsmi divākaram ॥1॥
|-
|2.
|[[File:Chandra graha.JPG|90px]]
|[[Chandra]]
|[[Moon]]
|[[Monday]]
|dadhiśaṅkha tuṣārābhaṃ kṣīrōdārṇava sambhavam ।
namāmi śaśinaṃ sōmaṃ śambhō-rmakuṭa bhūṣaṇam ॥2॥
|-
|3.
|[[File:Angraka graha.JPG|90px]]
|[[Mangala]]
|[[Mars]]
|[[Tuesday]]
|dharaṇī garbha sambhūtaṃ vidyutkānti samaprabham ।
kumāraṃ śaktihastaṃ taṃ maṅgaḻaṃ praṇamāmyaham ॥3॥
|-
|4.
|[[File:Budha graha.JPG|90px]]
|[[Budha]]
|[[Mercury (planet)|Mercury]]
|[[Wednesday]]
|priyaṅgu kalikāśyāmaṃ rūpēṇā pratimaṃ budham ।
saumyaṃ saumya guṇōpētaṃ taṃ budhaṃ praṇamāmyaham ॥4॥
|-
|5.
|[[File:Brihaspati graha.JPG|90px]]
|[[Brihaspati]]
|[[Jupiter]]
|[[Thursday]]
|dēvānāṃ cha ṛṣīṇāṃ cha guruṃ kāñchanasannibham ।
buddhimantaṃ trilōkēśaṃ taṃ namāmi bṛhaspatim ॥5॥
|-
|6.
|[[File:Shukra graha.JPG|90px]]
|[[Shukra]]
|[[Venus]]
|[[Friday]]
|himakunda mṛṇāḻābhaṃ daityānaṃ paramaṃ gurum ।
sarvaśāstra pravaktāraṃ bhārgavaṃ praṇamāmyaham ॥6॥
|-
|7.
|[[File:Shani graha.JPG|90px]]
|[[Shani]]
|[[Saturn]]
|[[Saturday]]
| nīlāñjana samābhāsaṃ raviputraṃ yamāgrajam ।

Chāyā mārtāṇḍa sambhūtaṃ taṃ namāmi śanaiścharam ॥7॥
|-
|8.
|[[File:Rahu graha.JPG|90px]]
|[[Rahu]]
|Ascending [[Lunar node|node of the Moon]]
|
|ardhakāyaṃ mahāvīraṃ chandrāditya vimardhanam ।
siṃhikā garbha sambhūtaṃ taṃ rāhuṃ praṇamāmyaham ॥8॥
|-
|9.
|[[File:Ketu graha.JPG|90px]]
|[[Ketu (mythology)|Ketu]]
|Descending [[Lunar node|node of the Moon]]
|
|palāśa puṣpa saṅkāśaṃ tārakāgrahamastakam ।
raudraṃ raudrātmakaṃ ghōraṃ taṃ kētuṃ praṇamāmyaham ॥9॥
|}

== Music ==
[[Muthuswami Dikshitar]] (1776–1835), a [[Carnatic music]] composer from southern India, composed the [[Navagraha Kritis]] in praise of the nine ''grahas''.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Dikshitar: Navagraha|url=http://www.medieval.org/music/world/carnatic/lyrics/navagraha.html|access-date=2020-06-12|website=www.medieval.org}}</ref> Each song is a prayer to one of the nine planets. The [[Sanskrit literature|Sahitya]] (lyrics) of the songs reflect a profound knowledge of the [[mantra]] and [[jyotisha]] [[Shastra|sastras]].

==See also==
{{colbegin}}
* [[Jyotisha]]
* [[Nakshatra]]
* [[Saptarshi]]
* [[List of Hindu deities]]
* [[Hindu pilgrimage sites|List of Hindu pilgrimage sites]]
* [[Navagraha temples|List of Navagraha temples]]
* [[List of Natchathara temples]]
* [[List of Hindu temples]]
* [[Planets in astrology]]
{{colend}}

==References==
{{reflist}}
==External links==
*{{Commons category-inline|Navagraha}}
{{Navagraha}}
{{HinduMythology}}
{{Portal bar|Hinduism|Astronomy}}
{{Authority control}}

[[Category:Navagraha| ]]
[[Category:Hindu astronomy]]
[[Category:Technical factors of Hindu astrology]]
[[Category:Journey to the West characters]]
[[Category:Planetary gods]]


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