View source for List of Canadian monarchs

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Listed here are the monarchs who reigned over Canada, starting with the [[Canada (New France)|French colony of Canada]], which subsequently became a [[The Canadas|British colony]], followed by the British [[Dominion]] of Canada, and, finally, the present-day sovereign state of [[Canada]].{{refn|<ref>{{Cite book| last=MacLeod| first=Kevin S.| author-link=Kevin S. MacLeod| title=A Crown of Maples| page=2| place=Ottawa| publisher=Queen's Printer for Canada| year=2012| edition=2|url=http://canadiancrown.gc.ca/DAMAssetPub/DAM-CRN-jblDmt-dmdJbl/STAGING/texte-text/crnMpls_1336157759317_eng.pdf?WT.contentAuthority=4.4.4| isbn=978-0-662-46012-1| accessdate=28 November 2012| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121110140303/http://canadiancrown.gc.ca/DAMAssetPub/DAM-CRN-jblDmt-dmdJbl/STAGING/texte-text/crnMpls_1336157759317_eng.pdf?WT.contentAuthority=4.4.4| archive-date=2012-11-10| url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://canadiancrown.gc.ca/eng/1331826436671/1335290506351| title=Crown in Canada – The Monarch| date=1 June 2012| publisher=Queen's Printer for Canada| accessdate=20 October 2013| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150209092009/http://canadiancrown.gc.ca/eng/1331826436671/1335290506351| archive-date=9 February 2015| url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web| url=http://www.pch.gc.ca/pgm/ceem-cced/fr-rf/index-eng.cfm| last=Department of Canadian Heritage| title=Ceremonial and Canadian Symbols Promotion > The Canadian Monarchy| publisher=Queen's Printer for Canada| accessdate=14 May 2009| archive-date=25 August 2020| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200825002610/https://www.canada.ca/home.html| url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name=Kenney>{{Cite book| last=Kenney| first=Jason| author-link=Jason Kenney| date=23 April 2007| contribution=Speech to the Lieutenant Governors Meeting| contribution-url=http://www.pch.gc.ca/pc-ch/minstr/arc_disc-spch/kenney/2007/20070423-eng.cfm| editor-last=Department of Canadian Heritage| editor-link=Department of Canadian Heritage| title=Speeches > The Honourable Jason Kenney| place=Regina| publication-place=Ottawa| publisher=Queen's Printer for Canada| accessdate=27 January 2010| archive-date=11 June 2011| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110611163321/http://www.pch.gc.ca/pc-ch/minstr/arc_disc-spch/kenney/2007/20070423-eng.cfm| url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name=Valpy1109>{{Cite news| last=Valpy| first=Michael| author-link=Michael Valpy| title=The monarchy: Offshore, but built-in| newspaper=The Globe and Mail| date=13 November 2009|url=https://www.theglobeandmail.com/commentary/the-monarchy-offshore-but-built-in/article4292569/?page=all| accessdate=14 November 2009| location=Toronto}}</ref><ref name=MacLeod6>{{Harvnb| MacLeod| 2012| p=6}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web| last=Monet| first=Jacques| website=The Canadian Encyclopedia| title=Governor General| editor-last=Marsh| editor-first=James Harley| place=Toronto| publisher=Historica Canada|url=http://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.com/index.cfm?PgNm=TCE&Params=A1ARTA0003350| accessdate=5 March 2010| url-status=dead| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100211042131/http://thecanadianencyclopedia.com/index.cfm?PgNm=TCE&Params=A1ARTA0003350| archive-date=11 February 2010}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web| url=http://www.royal.gov.uk/MonarchAndCommonwealth/Canada/Historyandpresentgovernment.aspx| last=The Royal Household| title=The Queen and the Commonwealth > Queen and Canada > History and present government| publisher=Queen's Printer| accessdate=5 March 2010| archive-date=27 July 2020| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200727070332/http://www.royal.gov.uk/MonarchAndCommonwealth/Canada/Historyandpresentgovernment.aspx| url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal| last=Coyne| first=Andrew| author-link=Andrew Coyne| title=Defending the royals| journal=Maclean's| publisher=Roger's Communications| location=Toronto| date=13 November 2009|url=http://www.macleans.ca/2009/11/13/defending-the-royals/| issn=0024-9262| accessdate=18 February 2010}}</ref><ref>{{citation|url=https://www.thestar.com/opinion/editorials/article/1193941--celebrating-the-diamond-jubilee-of-elizabeth-ii-queen-of-canada| last=Editorial| title=Celebrating the Diamond Jubilee of Elizabeth II, Queen of Canada| date=26 May 2012| newspaper=Toronto Star| accessdate=27 May 2012}}</ref>}} The date of the first claim by a monarch over Canada varies, with most sources giving the year as 1497, when [[John Cabot]] made landfall somewhere on the North American coast (likely either modern-day Newfoundland or Nova Scotia) and claimed the land for England on behalf of [[Henry VII of England|King Henry VII]].{{refn|<ref>{{cite web| url=http://canadiancrown.gc.ca/eng/1396018229970/| title=The Royal Family| publisher=The Queen's Printer for Canada| date=24 September 2014| accessdate=9 December 2015| author=Government of Canada| archive-date=11 December 2015| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151211000813/http://canadiancrown.gc.ca/eng/1396018229970/| url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.cic.gc.ca/english/resources/publications/discover/section-06.asp|  title=Discover Canada – Canada's History| publisher=Her Majesty the Queen in Right of Canada| date=1 July 2012| accessdate=20 January 2014| author=Government of Canada}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/john-cabot|  title=John Cabot| publisher=Historica Canada| date=1 July 2008| accessdate=20 January 2014|  author=The Canadian Encyclopedia}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.slmc.uottawa.ca/?q=first_voyages| title=The First Voyages of the Europeans| publisher=University of Ottawa|  accessdate=20 January 2014| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140203094354/http://www.slmc.uottawa.ca/?q=first_voyages|  archive-date=2014-02-03| url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web| url=http://www.canadahistory.com/sections/documents/explorers/John%20Cabot.html| title=The Cabot Dilemma: John Cabot's 1497 Voyage & the Limits of Historiography| publisher=Canada History| year=1990| accessdate=20 January 2014| author=Croxton, Derek| archive-date=5 December 2019| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191205233539/http://www.canadahistory.com/sections/documents/explorers/John%20Cabot.html| url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.heritage.nf.ca/exploration/cabot1497.html|  title=John Cabot's Voyage of 1497| publisher=Newfoundland and Labrador Heritage| year=1997| accessdate=20 January 2014| author=Memorial University of Newfoundland}}</ref><ref name=Harper>{{Cite book| last=Harper| first=Stephen| author-link=Stephen Harper| year=2008| publication-date=2012| contribution=Letter| contribution-url=http://canadiancrown.gc.ca/DAMAssetPub/DAM-CRN-jblDmt-dmdJbl/STAGING/texte-text/crnMpls_1336157759317_eng.pdf?WT.contentAuthority=4.4.4| editor-last=MacLeod| editor-first=Kevin S.| editor-link=Kevin S. MacLeod| title=A Crown of Maples| page=vii| location=Ottawa| publisher=Queen's Printer for Canada| isbn=978-0-662-46012-1| accessdate=28 November 2012| archive-date=10 November 2012| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121110140303/http://canadiancrown.gc.ca/DAMAssetPub/DAM-CRN-jblDmt-dmdJbl/STAGING/texte-text/crnMpls_1336157759317_eng.pdf?WT.contentAuthority=4.4.4| url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://crht.ca/the-sovereigns-of-canada/| last1=Bousfield| first1=Arthur| last2=Toffoli| first2=Garry| title=The Sovereigns of Canada| publisher=Canadian Royal Heritage Trust| accessdate=5 March 2010| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131004213024/http://crht.ca/the-sovereigns-of-canada/| archive-date=4 October 2013| url-status=dead}}</ref>}} However, some sources, instead, put this date at 1535, when the word ''Canada'' was first used to refer to the French colony of Canada,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.pch.gc.ca/eng/1363629314164/1363629390521| title=Origin of the Name - Canada| publisher=Her Majesty the Queen in Right of Canada| date=18 June 2013| accessdate=6 October 2015| url-status=dead| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150412211144/http://www.pch.gc.ca/eng/1363629314164/1363629390521| archive-date=12 April 2015}}</ref> which was founded in the name of [[Francis I of France|King Francis I]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.irpp.org/en/po/the-dollar/the-true-white-north-reflections-on-being-canadian/| archive-url=https://archive.today/20131020155041/http://www.irpp.org/en/po/the-dollar/the-true-white-north-reflections-on-being-canadian/| url-status=dead| archive-date=20 October 2013| title=The true white north: reflections on being Canadian |publisher=Institute for Research on Public Policy |date=February 2008| accessdate=20 October 2013| last=Robertson| first=Colin}}</ref><ref name=Senate>{{Cite web|url=http://www.parl.gc.ca/About/Senate/Monarchy/senmonarchy_00-e.htm| last=Parliament of Canada| author-link=Parliament of Canada| title=Canada: A Constitutional Monarchy| publisher=Queen's Printer for Canada| accessdate=25 September 2009| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110509072741/http://www.parl.gc.ca/About/Senate/Monarchy/SenMonarchy_00-e.htm| archive-date=9 May 2011| url-status=dead}}</ref> Monarchical governance subsequently evolved under a continuous succession of French, British, and eventually uniquely Canadian sovereigns.{{refn|<ref name=Kenney/><ref name=Valpy1109/><ref name=Harper /><ref name=Senate /><ref>{{Harvnb| MacLeod| 2012| pp=2–3, 39}}</ref><ref name=Monet>{{cite journal| last=Monet| first=Jacques| title=Crown and Country| journal=Canadian Monarchist News| volume=Summer 2007| issue=26| page=8| publisher=Monarchist League of Canada| location=Toronto| year=2007|url=http://www.monarchist.ca/cmn/2007/Summer_2007_CMN.pdf| accessdate=15 June 2009| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080625225416/http://www.monarchist.ca/cmn/2007/Summer_2007_CMN.pdf| archive-date=25 June 2008}}</ref><ref>{{Harvnb| MacLeod| 2012| p=9}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|  url=http://www.royal.gov.uk/MonarchAndCommonwealth/Canada/Historyandpresentgovernment.aspx|  title=Queen and Canada|  publisher=The British Monarchy|  accessdate=12 November 2015|  archive-date=27 July 2020|  archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200727070332/http://www.royal.gov.uk/MonarchAndCommonwealth/Canada/Historyandpresentgovernment.aspx|  url-status=dead}}</ref>}} Since the first claim by Henry VII,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://crht.ca/the-monarchy-and-canadian-independence/| title=The Monarchy and Canadian Independence| publisher=Canadian Royal Heritage Trust| year=2004| accessdate=21 October 2013| author1=Bousfield, Arthur| last2=Toffoli| first2=Garry| name-list-style=amp| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131022021359/http://crht.ca/the-monarchy-and-canadian-independence/| archive-date=22 October 2013| url-status=dead}}</ref> there have been 33 sovereigns of Canada, including two sets of co-sovereigns.{{refn|<ref name=CRHT>{{cite web|url=http://crht.ca/the-sovereigns-of-canada/| last1=Bousfield| first1=Arthur| last2=Toffoli| first2=Garry| title=The Sovereigns of Canada| publisher=Canadian Royal Heritage Trust| accessdate=30 September 2013| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131004213024/http://crht.ca/the-sovereigns-of-canada/| archive-date=4 October 2013| url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name=crown>{{Harvnb| MacLeod| 2012| p=78}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/sovereign/| title=Sovereigns Who have Reigned Over Canada| publisher=Historica Canada| work=The Canadian Encyclodpdia| accessdate=28 November 2013}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.lgontario.ca/en/biographies/pages/kings-and-queens.aspx| title=Kings and Queens of Canada| publisher=Queen's Printer for Ontario| date=22 August 2013| accessdate=20 January 2014| author=Office of the Lieutenant Governor of Ontario| url-status=dead| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130915013649/http://www.lgontario.ca/en/biographies/pages/kings-and-queens.aspx| archive-date=15 September 2013}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://canadiancrown.gc.ca/DAMAssetPub/DAM-CRN-monarchie-monarchy/STAGING/texte-text/kingsandQueens_1363036597604_eng.pdf?WT.contentAuthority=4.4.4| title=The Kings and Queens of Canada| publisher=Her Majesty the Queen in Right of Canada| year=2013| accessdate=20 January 2014| author=Heritage Canada| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130727185830/http://canadiancrown.gc.ca/DAMAssetPub/DAM-CRN-monarchie-monarchy/STAGING/texte-text/kingsandQueens_1363036597604_eng.pdf?WT.contentAuthority=4.4.4| archive-date=2013-07-27| url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|  title=Canada's Constitutional Monarchy| publisher=Dundurn|  author=Tidridge, Nathan|  year=2011| location=Toronto| pages=233–236}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.monarchist.ca/en/history| title=Canada's Monarchy throughout History|  publisher=Monarchist League of Canada| accessdate=12 November 2015| url-status=dead|  archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110103031222/http://www.monarchist.ca/en/history| archive-date=3 January 2011}}</ref>}}

While Canada became a Dominion within the [[British Empire]] upon [[Canadian Confederation|Confederation]] in 1867,<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/confederation| title=Confederation|  publisher=Historica Canada| date=22 September 2013| accessdate=20 January 2014| author=The Canadian Encyclopedia}}</ref><ref name=Heritage>{{cite web| url=http://www.pch.gc.ca/pgm/ceem-cced/symbl/101/102-eng.cfm| last=Department of Canadian Heritage| author-link=Department of Canadian Heritage| title=Ceremonial and Canadian Symbols Promotion > The crown in Canada| publisher=Queen's Printer for Canada| accessdate=8 September 2009| archive-date=27 August 2011| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110827092532/http://www.pch.gc.ca/pgm/ceem-cced/symbl/101/102-eng.cfm| url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.canadiana.ca/citm/themes/constitution/constitution13_e.html| title=Constitutional History, 1867 – 1931: Becoming a Nation|  publisher=Canadiana| accessdate=27 September 2013| url-status=dead| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111217201837/http://www.canadiana.ca/citm/themes/constitution/constitution13_e.html| archive-date=17 December 2011}}</ref><ref>{{cite web| url=http://www.royal.gov.uk/MonarchAndCommonwealth/Canada/Historyandpresentgovernment.aspx| last=Royal Household| title=The Queen and the Commonwealth > Queen and Canada > History and present government| publisher=Queen's Printer| accessdate=8 September 2009| archive-date=27 July 2020| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200727070332/http://www.royal.gov.uk/MonarchAndCommonwealth/Canada/Historyandpresentgovernment.aspx| url-status=dead}}</ref> the concept of a fully independent Canada sharing the person of the sovereign with the [[United Kingdom]] and other countries, such as [[Australia]] and [[New Zealand]], only emerged gradually over time through constitutional convention,<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.sfu.ca/~aheard/324/Independence.html| last=Heard| first=Andrew| title=Canadian Independence| publisher=Simon Fraser University| year=1990| accessdate=21 October 2013}}</ref> and was officially confirmed with the passage of the [[Statute of Westminster 1931|Statute of Westminster]] in 1931.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.canadiana.ca/citm/themes/constitution/constitution15_e.html| title=Constitutional History, 1931 – 1982: Toward Renewal and Patriation| publisher=Canadiana| accessdate=27 September 2013| url-status=dead| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140114080534/http://www.canadiana.ca/citm/themes/constitution/constitution15_e.html| archive-date=14 January 2014}}</ref> Since then,<ref name=crown/> the Canadian Crown has been legally distinct from those of the other [[Commonwealth realm]]s, with its own separate and distinct monarch.{{#tag:ref|The [[Court of Appeal of England and Wales|English Court of Appeal]] ruled in 1982, while "there is only one person who is the Sovereign within the British Commonwealth... in matters of law and government the Queen of the United Kingdom, for example, is entirely independent and distinct from the Queen of Canada."<ref>{{cite court| litigants=R v Foreign Secretary, Ex parte Indian Association (as referenced in High Court of Australia: Sue v Hill [1999] HCA 30; 23 June 1999; S179/1998 and B49/1998)| vol=QB 892 at 928| court=English Court of Appeal| date=June 1999|url=http://www.austlii.edu.au/au/cases/cth/HCA/1999/30.html}}</ref>|group=N|name=ECApp}} Although the term ''[[Style and title of the Canadian sovereign|king of Canada]]'' was used as early as the beginning of the reign of [[George VI]],<ref>{{cite journal| last=Galbraith| first=William| title=Fiftieth Anniversary of the 1939 Royal Visit| journal=Canadian Parliamentary Review| volume=12| issue=3| publisher=Library of Parliament| location=Ottawa| year=1989|url=http://www2.parl.gc.ca/Sites/LOP/Infoparl/english/issue.asp?param=130&art=820| archive-url=https://archive.today/20121205052132/http://www2.parl.gc.ca/Sites/LOP/Infoparl/english/issue.asp?param=130&art=820| url-status=dead| archive-date=5 December 2012| accessdate=3 January 2009}}</ref> it was not until 1953 that the monarch's title was made official, with [[Elizabeth II]] being the first monarch to be separately proclaimed as Queen of Canada, as per the [[Royal Style and Titles Act]].

==Sovereigns of Canada==
===The French Crown (1534–1763)===
{{sticky header}} 
{|class="wikitable sortable sticky-header" style=text-align:left" style="margin:1em auto;"
! width=75|Portrait
! Regnal name
! colspan=2|Reign
! Full name
! Consort
|-
! colspan=8 style="background-color:#ccccff" | [[House of Valois]]
|-style="background:#eee;"
|rowspan=2 align="center"|[[File:François Ier Louvre.jpg|75px]]
|rowspan=2 align="center"|'''[[Francis I of France|Francis I]]'''<br/><small>(1494–1547)</small>
|24 July 1534
|31 March 1547
|Francis
|[[Eleanor of Austria]]
|-
|colspan=4|<u>Territorial claim:</u>
*1534: in Francis' name, [[Jacques Cartier]] laid claim to [[Canada (New France)|New France]] and [[Acadia]].<ref name="LanegranUrness2008">{{cite book|author1=David A. Lanegran|author2=Carol Louise Urness|title=Minnesota on the Map: A Historical Atlas|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Yzj62yMyV8YC&pg=PA10|year=2008|publisher=Minnesota Historical Society Press|isbn=978-0-87351-593-1|pages=10–}}</ref>
|-style="background:#eee;"
|align="center"|[[File:Henry II of France-François Clouet (altered).jpg|103x103px]]
| align="center"|'''[[Henry II of France|Henry II]]'''<br/><small>(1519–1559)</small>
|31 March 1547
|10 July 1559
|Henry
|[[Catherine de' Medici]]
|-style="background:#eee;"
|align="center"|[[File:FrancoisII.jpg|75px]]
| align="center"|'''[[Francis II of France|Francis II]]'''<br/><small>(1544–1560)</small>
|10 July 1559
|5 December 1560
|Francis
|[[Mary, Queen of Scots]]
|-style="background:#eee;"
|align="center"|[[File:Portrait of King Charles IX of France (1550–1574), by After François Clouet.jpg|102x102px]]
| align="center"|'''[[Charles IX of France|Charles IX]]'''<br/><small>(1550–1574)</small>
|5 December 1560
|30 May 1574
|Charles Maximilian
|[[Elisabeth of Austria, Queen of France|Elisabeth of Austria]]
|-style="background:#eee;"
|align="center"|[[File:Quesnel Henry III of France in Polish hat.jpg|91x91px]]
| align="center"|'''[[Henry III of France|Henry III]]'''<br/><small>(1551–1589)</small>
|30 May 1574
|2 August 1589
|Alexandre Édouard
|[[Louise of Lorraine]]
|-
! colspan=8 style="background-color:#ccccff" | [[House of Bourbon]]
|-style="background:#eee;"
|align="center"|[[File:Frans Pourbus the Younger (Antwerp 1569 - Paris 1622) - Henri IV, King of France (1553-1610) - RCIN 402972 - Royal Collection.jpg|92x92px]]
| align="center"|'''[[Henry IV of France|Henry IV]]'''<br/><small>(1553–1610)</small>
|2 August 1589
|14 May 1610
|Henri de Bourbon
|[[Margaret of Valois]],<br/>[[Marie de' Medici]]
|-style="background:#eee;"
|align="center"|[[File:Luis XIII, rey de Francia (Philippe de Champaigne).jpg|95x95px]]
| align="center"|'''[[Louis XIII]]'''<br/><small>(1601–1643)</small>
|14 May 1610
|14 May 1643
|Louis
|[[Anne of Austria]]
|-style="background:#eee;"
|rowspan=2 align="center"|[[File:Louis XIV of France.jpg|75px]]
| rowspan=2 align="center"|'''[[Louis XIV]]'''<br/><small>(1638–1715)</small>
|14 May 1643
|1 September 1715
|Louis-Dieudonné
|[[Maria Theresa of Spain]],<br/>[[Françoise d'Aubigné, Marquise de Maintenon|Françoise d'Aubigné]]
|-
|colspan=4|<u>Territorial changes:</u>
*1655: acquired concrete claim to [[Placentia, Newfoundland and Labrador|Placentia]].
*1713: ceded [[Acadia]], [[Placentia, Newfoundland and Labrador|Placentia]], and [[Hudson Bay]] to [[Anne, Queen of Great Britain|Anne]].
|-style="background:#eee;"
|rowspan=2 align="center"|[[File:Louis XV, King of France (1710-1774) edited 2.jpg|99x99px]]
| rowspan=2 align="center"|'''[[Louis XV]]'''<br/><small>(1710–1774)</small>
|1 September 1715
|10 February 1763
|Louis
|[[Marie Leszczyńska]]
|-
|colspan=4|<u>Territorial changes:</u>
*1763: ceded [[Canada (New France)|New France]] to [[George III]].
|}

===The English and British Crowns (1497–1931)===
{{sticky header}} 
{|class="wikitable sortable sticky-header" style=text-align:left" style="margin:1em auto;"
! width=75|Portrait
! Regnal name
! colspan=2|Reign
! Full name
! Consort
|-
! colspan=8 style="background-color:#ccccff" | [[Tudor dynasty|House of Tudor]]
|-style="background:#eee;"
|rowspan=2 align="center"|[[File:Enrique VII de Inglaterra, por un artista anónimo.jpg|75px]]
| rowspan=2 align="center"|'''[[Henry VII of England|Henry VII]]'''<br/><small>(1457–1509)</small>
|24 June 1497
|21 April 1509
|Henry
|[[Elizabeth of York]]
|-
|colspan=4|<u>Territorial changes:</u>
*1497: in Henry's name, [[John Cabot]] laid claim to lands that soon came to be called "Canada".{{#tag:ref|From 1763 to 1791 the colony of Canada was known as "Quebec" prior to returning to the name "[[The Canadas|Canada]]" (Upper and Lower) which were [[Province of Canada|unified]] in 1841.|group=N}}<ref name=CRHT/> The English Crown did not concretely exercise this claim until the reign of King George III, when the colony of Canada was officially ceded from France to Great Britain.
|-style="background:#eee;"
|align="center"|[[File:Workshop of Hans Holbein the Younger - Portrait of Henry VIII - Google Art Project.jpg|75px]]
| align="center"|'''[[Henry VIII]]'''<br/><small>(1491–1547)</small>
|21 April 1509
|28 January 1547
|Henry
|[[Catherine of Aragon]] (1509), [[Anne Boleyn]] (1533), [[Jane Seymour]] (1536), [[Anne of Cleves]] (1540), [[Catherine Howard]] (1540), [[Catherine Parr]] (1543)
|-style="background:#eee;"
|align="center"|[[File:Circle of William Scrots Edward VI of England.jpg|98x98px]]
| align="center"|'''[[Edward VI]]'''<br/><small>(1537–1553)</small>
|28 January 1547
|6 July 1553
|Edward
|None
|-style="background:#eee;"
|align="center"|[[File:Anthonis Mor 001.jpg|75px]]<br/>[[File:Portrait of Philip II of Spain by Sofonisba Anguissola - 002b.jpg|92x92px]]
| align="center"|'''[[Mary I of England|Mary I]]'''<br/><small>(1516–1558)</small><br/>& '''[[Philip II of Spain|Philip II]]'''<br/><small>(1527–1598)</small><br/>as co-sovereigns
|19 July 1553 (Mary I)
----
25 July 1554 (Philip II)
|17 November 1558
|Mary
----
Felipe
|''each other''
|-style="background:#eee;"
|rowspan=2 align="center"|[[File:Darnley stage 3.jpg|109x109px]]
| rowspan=2 align="center"|'''[[Elizabeth I]]'''<br/><small>(1533–1603)</small>
|17 November 1558
|24 March 1603
|Elizabeth
|None
|-
|colspan=4|<u>Territorial changes:</u>
*1583: in Elizabeth's name, [[Humphrey Gilbert|Sir Humphrey Gilbert]] laid claim to the island of [[Newfoundland (island)|Newfoundland]].
|-
! colspan=8 style="background-color:#ccccff" | [[House of Stuart]]
|-style="background:#eee;"
|align="center"|[[File:JamesIEngland.jpg|126x126px]]
| align="center"|'''[[James VI and I|James I]]'''<br/><small>(1566–1625)</small>
|24 March 1603
|27 March 1625
|Charles James
|[[Anne of Denmark]]
|-style="background:#eee;"
|align="center"|[[File:King Charles I after original by van Dyck.jpg|75px]]
| align="center"|'''[[Charles I of England|Charles I]]'''<br/><small>(1600–1649)</small>
|27 March 1625
|30 January 1649
|Charles
|[[Henrietta Maria|Henrietta Maria of France]]
|-
|colspan=2|'''''[[Interregnum (England)|Interregnum]]'''''
|30 January 1649
|29 May 1660
|colspan=2|
|-style="background:#eee;"
|rowspan=2 align="center"|[[File:King Charles II by John Michael Wright or studio.jpg|75px]]
| rowspan=2 align="center"|'''[[Charles II of England|Charles II]]'''<br/><small>(1630–1685)</small>
|29 May 1660
|6 February 1685
|Charles
|[[Catherine of Braganza]]
|-
|colspan=4|<u>Territorial changes:</u>
*1670: created [[Rupert's Land]].
|-style="background:#eee;"
|align="center"|[[File:James II by Peter Lely.jpg|75px]]
| align="center"|'''[[James II of England|James II]]'''<br/><small>(1633–1701)</small>
|6 February 1685
|1 December 1688
|James
|[[Mary of Modena]]
|-
|colspan=2|'''''Vacant'''''
|1 December 1688
|13 February 1689
|colspan=2|
|-style="background:#eee;"
|align="center"|[[File:Mary_II_-_Kneller_1690.jpg|75px]]<br/>[[File:King William III of England.jpg|117x117px]]
| align="center"|'''[[Mary II of England|Mary II]]'''<br/><small>(1662–1694)</small><br/>& '''[[William III of England|William III]]'''<br /><small>(1650–1702)</small><br/>as co-sovereigns
|13 February 1689
|28 December 1694
----
8 March 1702
|Mary
----
William
|''each other''
|-style="background:#eee;"
|rowspan=2 align="center"|[[File:Dahl, Michael - Queen Anne - NPG 6187.jpg|75px]]
| rowspan=2 align="center"|'''[[Anne, Queen of Great Britain|Anne]]'''<br/><small>(1665–1714)</small>
|8 March 1702
|1 August 1714
|Anne
|[[Prince George of Denmark]]
|-
|colspan=4|<u>Territorial changes:</u>
*1713: [[Peace of Utrecht|acquired]] [[Acadia]], [[Placentia, Newfoundland and Labrador|Placentia]], and [[Hudson Bay]] from [[Louis XIV|Louis XIV of France]].
|-
! colspan=8 style="background-color:#ccccff" | [[House of Hanover]]
|-style="background:#eee;"
|align="center"|[[File:King George I by Sir Godfrey Kneller, Bt (3).jpg|75px]]
| align="center"|'''[[George I of Great Britain|George I]]'''<br/><small>(1660–1727)</small>
|1 August 1714
|11 June 1727
|George Louis
|[[Sophia Dorothea of Celle]]
|-style="background:#eee;"
|align="center"|[[File:George II by Thomas Hudson.jpg|75px]]
| align="center"|'''[[George II of Great Britain|George II]]'''<br/><small>(1683–1760)</small>
|11 June 1727<br/><small>[[Julian calendar|old calendar]]</small>
|25 October 1760<br/><small>[[Gregorian calendar|new calendar]]</small>
|George Augustus
|[[Caroline of Ansbach]]
|-style="background:#eee;"
|rowspan=3 align="center"|[[File:Allan Ramsay - King George III in coronation robes - Google Art Project.jpg|75px]]
|rowspan=3 align="center"|'''[[George III]]'''<br/><small>(1738–1820)</small>
|25 October 1760
|29 January 1820
|George William Frederick
|[[Charlotte of Mecklenburg-Strelitz]]
|-
|colspan=4|<u>Governors General of British North America:</u> [[Guy Carleton, 1st Baron Dorchester|The Lord Dorchester]], [[Robert Prescott]], [[Sir Robert Milnes, 1st Baronet|Robert Milnes]], [[Thomas Dunn (lieutenant-governor)|Thomas Dunn]], [[James Henry Craig]], [[George Prevost]], [[Gordon Drummond]], [[John Coape Sherbrooke]], [[Charles Lennox, 4th Duke of Richmond|The Duke of Richmond]]
|-
|colspan=4|<u>Territorial changes:</u>
*1763: [[Treaty of Paris (1763)|acquired]] [[Canada (New France)|Canada]] from [[Louis XV|Louis XV of France]]; changed its name to [[Province of Quebec (1763–1791)|Province of Quebec]].
*1778: in George's name, [[James Cook]] laid claim to lands that later came to be called [[Vancouver Island]].
*1791: [[Constitutional Act 1791|created]] the provinces of [[Upper Canada]] and [[Lower Canada]] out of the Province of Quebec.
*1818: [[Treaty of 1818|ceded]] Rupert's Land south of the [[49th parallel north|49th parallel]] to the United States; acquired the [[Louisiana Purchase]] north of the 49th parallel from the United States.
|-style="background:#eee;"
|rowspan=2 align="center"|[[File:George IV 1821 color.jpg|109x109px]]
|rowspan=2 align="center"|'''[[George IV]]'''<br/><small>(1762–1830)</small>
|29 January 1820
|26 June 1830
|George Augustus Frederick
|[[Caroline of Brunswick]]
|-
|colspan=4|<u>Governors General of British North America:</u> [[George Ramsay, 9th Earl of Dalhousie|The Earl of Dalhousie]], [[James Kempt]]
|-style="background:#eee;"
|rowspan=2 align="center"|[[File:William IV in 1833 by Shee cropped.jpg|107x107px]]
|rowspan=2 align="center"|'''[[William IV]]'''<br/><small>(1765–1837)</small>
|26 June 1830
|20 June 1837
|William Henry
|[[Adelaide of Saxe-Meiningen]]
|-
|colspan=4|<u>Governors General of British North America:</u> [[Matthew Whitworth-Aylmer, 5th Baron Aylmer|The Lord Aylmer]], [[Archibald Acheson, 2nd Earl of Gosford|The Earl of Gosford]]
|-style="background:#eee;"
|rowspan=4 align="center"|[[File:Queen Victoria 1843.jpg|75px]]
|rowspan=4 align="center"|'''[[Queen Victoria|Victoria]]'''<br/><small>(1819–1901)</small>
|20 June 1837
|22 January 1901
|Alexandrina Victoria
|[[Albert, Prince Consort|Albert of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha]]
|-
|colspan=4|<u>Governors General of British North America:</u> The Earl of Gosford, [[John Colborne, 1st Baron Seaton|John Colborne]], [[John Lambton, 1st Earl of Durham|The Earl of Durham]], [[Charles Poulett Thomson, 1st Baron Sydenham|The Lord Sydenham]], [[Charles Bagot]], [[Charles Metcalfe, 1st Baron Metcalfe|The Lord Metcalfe]], [[Charles Cathcart, 2nd Earl Cathcart|The Earl Cathcart]], [[James Bruce, 8th Earl of Elgin|The Earl of Elgin]], [[Edmund Walker Head]], [[Charles Monck, 4th Viscount Monck|The Viscount Monck]]; <u>Governors General of Canada:</u> The Viscount Monck, [[John Young, 1st Baron Lisgar|the Lord Lisgar]], [[Frederick Hamilton-Temple-Blackwood, 1st Marquess of Dufferin and Ava|the Earl of Dufferin]], [[John Campbell, 9th Duke of Argyll|the Marquess of Lorne]], [[Henry Petty-Fitzmaurice, 5th Marquess of Lansdowne|the Marquess of Lansdowne]], [[Frederick Stanley, 16th Earl of Derby|the Lord Stanley of Preston]], [[John Hamilton-Gordon, 1st Marquess of Aberdeen and Temair|the Earl of Aberdeen]], [[Gilbert Elliot-Murray-Kynynmound, 4th Earl of Minto|the Earl of Minto]]
|-
|colspan=4|<u>Prime Ministers of Canada:</u> [[John A. Macdonald]], [[Alexander Mackenzie (politician)|Alexander Mackenzie]], [[John Abbott]], [[John Sparrow David Thompson|John Thompson]], [[Mackenzie Bowell]], [[Charles Tupper]], [[Wilfrid Laurier]]
|-
|colspan=4|<u>Territorial changes:</u>
*1840: [[Act of Union 1840|united]] Lower and Upper Canada into the [[Province of Canada]].
*1846: [[Oregon Treaty|acquired concrete claim]] to the [[Columbia District]] north of the 49th parallel and Vancouver Island.
*1867: [[Constitution Act, 1867|united]] the Province of Canada (and created out of it [[Ontario]] and [[Quebec]]), [[Nova Scotia]], and [[New Brunswick]] into the federal [[Dominion]] of Canada.{{#tag:ref|In 1867, the separate colonies of Canada, Nova Scotia, and New Brunswick [[Canadian Confederation|joined]] to form the Dominion of Canada. Subsequently, each of the other colonies in British North America eventually joined the union as provinces. Other provinces were created by the Dominion from its territories. Over time, Canada gradually gained increasing independence from the United Kingdom due to continued evolution in constitutional practice. However, it remained under the British Crown until 1931, when the Canadian Crown is generally accepted as having been created due to the enactment of the Statute of Westminster. The Dominion of Newfoundland continued as a separate British colony under the British Crown until it joined Canada in 1949.|group=N}}
*1870: [[Manitoba Act, 1870|created]] the province of [[Manitoba]].
*Joined Rupert's Land, the [[North-Western Territory]] (1870), [[British Columbia]] (1871), [[Prince Edward Island]] (1873), and the [[British Arctic Territories]] (1880) into the union.
|-
! colspan=8 style="background-color:#ccccff" | [[House of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha]]
|-style="background:#eee;"
|rowspan=4 align="center"|[[File:King Edward VII by Sir (Samuel) Luke Fildes.jpg|115x115px]]
|rowspan=4 align="center"|'''[[Edward VII]]'''<br/><small>(1841–1910)</small>
|22 January 1901
|6 May 1910
|Albert Edward
|[[Alexandra of Denmark]]
|-
|colspan=4|<u>Governors General of Canada:</u> The Earl of Minto, [[Albert Grey, 4th Earl Grey|the Earl Grey]]
|-
|colspan=4|<u>Prime Minister of Canada:</u> Wilfrid Laurier
|-
|colspan=4|<u>Territorial changes:</u>
*1905: [[Western Canada#Constitutional history|created]] the provinces of [[Alberta]] and [[Saskatchewan]] from part of the Northwest Territories.
|-
! colspan=8 style="background-color:#ccccff" | [[House of Windsor]]{{Efn|George V changed the name of the British royal house from ''Saxe-Coburg and Gotha'' to ''Windsor'' on 17 July 1917.<ref>{{London Gazette|issue=30186|page=7119|date=17 July 1917}}</ref> This change was made in response to [[anti-German sentiment]] in the British Empire during [[World War I]].}}
|-style="background:#eee;"
|rowspan=4 align="center"|[[File:King George V 1911.jpg|75px]]
| rowspan=4 align="center"|'''[[George V]]'''<br/><small>(1865–1936)</small>
|6 May 1910
|11 December 1931
|George Frederick Ernest Albert
|[[Mary of Teck]]
|-
|colspan=4|<u>Governors General of Canada:</u> The Earl Grey, [[Prince Arthur, Duke of Connaught and Strathearn|the Duke of Connaught and Strathearn]], [[Victor Cavendish, 9th Duke of Devonshire|the Duke of Devonshire]], [[Julian Byng, 1st Viscount Byng of Vimy|the Lord Byng of Vimy]], [[Freeman Freeman-Thomas, 1st Marquess of Willingdon|the Marquess of Willingdon]], [[Vere Ponsonby, 9th Earl of Bessborough|the Earl of Bessborough]]
|-
|colspan=4|<u>Prime Ministers of Canada:</u> Wilfrid Laurier, [[Robert Borden]], [[Arthur Meighen]], [[William Lyon Mackenzie King]], [[R. B. Bennett|Richard B. Bennett]]
|-
|colspan=4|<u>Territorial changes:</u>
*1931: granted Royal Assent to the [[Statute of Westminster 1931]], thereby creating the Canadian Crown and leaving [[Newfoundland and Labrador|Newfoundland]] as the only part of Canada's current territory left under the British Crown.
|}

===The Canadian Crown (1931–present)===
In 1931 the Canadian Crown emerged as an independent entity from that of the British Crown due to the [[Statute of Westminster 1931]].

The [[Dominion of Newfoundland]] had the same status as Canada in 1931. However, its parliament never adopted the statute to create a separate position of king of Newfoundland and would remain under the British Crown until it joined Canada in 1949.

{{sticky header}} 
{|class="wikitable sortable sticky-header" style=text-align:left" style="margin:1em auto;"
! width=75|Portrait
! Regnal name
! colspan=2|Reign
! Full name
! Consort
|-
! colspan=8 style="background-color: #ccccff" | [[House of Windsor]]{{Efn|Descendants of Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh and Queen Elizabeth II belong to the House of Windsor by Royal Command (9 April 1952 Declaration by Queen Elizabeth II to her Privy Council) although under the usual rules of genealogy they are, by paternal descent, also members of the [[House of Glücksburg|Glücksburg branch]] of the [[House of Oldenburg]] (the ruling House of Denmark and of the former Kingdom of Greece). Accordingly, King Charles III is the first monarch of the House of Windsor who is a patrilineal descendant of the Glücksburg dynasty, instead of descending from Prince Albert of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha in the male line as was the case with the previous monarchs of the House of Windsor.}}
|-style="background:#eee;"
|rowspan=3 align="center"|[[File:King George V 1911.jpg|75px]]
| rowspan=3 align="center"|'''George V'''<br/><small>(1865–1936)</small>
|11 December 1931
|20 January 1936
|George Frederick Ernest Albert
|Mary of Teck
|-
|colspan=4|<u>Governors general:</u> The Earl of Bessborough, [[John Buchan|the Lord Tweedsmuir]]
|-
|colspan=4|<u>Prime ministers:</u> Richard B. Bennett, William Lyon Mackenzie King
|-style="background:#eee;"
|rowspan=3 align="center"|[[File:His Majesty King Edward VIII in Garter Robes (cropped).jpg|99x99px]]
| rowspan=3 align="center"|'''[[Edward&nbsp;VIII]]'''<br/><small>(1894–1972)</small>
|20 January 1936
|11 December 1936
|Edward Albert Christian George Andrew Patrick David
|''none''
|-
|colspan=4|<u>Governor general:</u> The Lord Tweedsmuir
|-
|colspan=4|<u>Prime minister:</u> William Lyon Mackenzie King
|-style="background:#eee;"
|rowspan=4 align="center"|[[File:King George VI.jpg|102x102px]]
|rowspan=4 align="center"|'''[[George VI]]'''<br/><small>(1895–1952)</small>
|11 December 1936
|6 February 1952
|Albert Frederick Arthur George
|[[Queen Elizabeth The Queen Mother|Elizabeth Bowes-Lyon]]
|-
|colspan=4|<u>Governors general:</u> The Lord Tweedsmuir, [[Alexander Cambridge, 1st Earl of Athlone|the Earl of Athlone]], [[Harold Alexander, 1st Earl Alexander of Tunis|the Viscount Alexander of Tunis]]
|-
|colspan=4|<u>Prime ministers:</u> William Lyon Mackenzie King, [[Louis St. Laurent]]
|-
|colspan=4|<u>Territorial change:</u>
*1949: [[Newfoundland Act|merged]] [[Dominion of Newfoundland|Newfoundland]] (now Newfoundland and Labrador) into Canada, thereby putting all of Canada's current territory under the Canadian Crown.
|-style="background:#eee;"
|rowspan=3 align="center"|[[File:Queen Elizabeth II in Coronation Robes.jpg|95x95px]]
|rowspan=3 align="center"|'''[[Elizabeth II]]'''<br/><small>(1926–2022)</small>
|6 February 1952
|8 September 2022
|Elizabeth Alexandra Mary
|[[Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh|Philip Mountbatten]]
|-
|colspan=4|<u>Governors general:</u> [[Vincent Massey]], [[Georges Vanier]], [[Roland Michener]], [[Jules Léger]], [[Edward Schreyer]], [[Jeanne Sauvé]], [[Ray Hnatyshyn]], [[Roméo LeBlanc]], [[Adrienne Clarkson]], [[Michaëlle Jean]], [[David Johnston (governor general)|David Johnston]], [[Julie Payette]], [[Mary Simon]]
|-
|colspan=4|<u>Prime ministers:</u> Louis St. Laurent, [[John Diefenbaker]], [[Lester B. Pearson]], [[Pierre Trudeau]], [[Joe Clark]], [[John Turner]], [[Brian Mulroney]], [[Kim Campbell]], [[Jean Chrétien]], [[Paul Martin]], [[Stephen Harper]], [[Justin Trudeau]]
|-style="background:#eee;"
|rowspan=3 align="center"|[[File:Charles III parliamentary procession 2024 (cropped).jpg|86x86px]]
|rowspan=3 align="center"|'''[[Charles III]]'''<br/><small>(b. 1948)</small>
|8 September 2022
|''present''
|Charles Philip Arthur George
|[[Queen Camilla|Camilla Shand]]
|-
|colspan=4|<u>Governor general:</u> Mary Simon
|-
|colspan=4|<u>Prime ministers:</u> Justin Trudeau, [[Mark Carney]]
|}

==Consorts==
The [[Monarchy of Canada|Canadian monarch]]'s consort—his or her spouse—has no constitutional status or power, but is a member of the [[Monarchy of Canada#Royal family and house|Canadian royal family]]. In the United Kingdom, all female consorts have had the right to and have held the title of ''[[queen consort]]''; as Canada does not have laws or [[letters patent]] under the [[Great Seal of Canada]] laying out the styles of any royal family members besides the monarch, royal consorts are, [[Courtesy title|as a courtesy]], addressed in Canada using the style and title as they hold in the UK. After informal discussions among the various Commonwealth prime ministers between 1954 and 1957, it was decided that [[Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh|the Duke of Edinburgh]], husband of [[Elizabeth II]], would not be granted the title of ''[[prince consort]]''.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.burkes-peerage.net/articles/peerage/page62-6c.aspx| title=Burke's Peerage and Gentry > The Royal Family > HRH The Duke of Edinburgh| publisher=Burke's Peerage & Gentry and The Origins Network| accessdate=27 October 2008}}</ref><ref>LCO 6/3677 Title of Prince: HRH Philip Duke of Edinburgh</ref>

Since Confederation, two sovereigns have reigned over Canada without a consort: Victoria, whose husband, [[Albert, Prince Consort|Albert]], died before Confederation, and [[Edward VIII]], who married [[Wallis Simpson]] after his [[Abdication of Edward VIII|abdication]].

== Timeline of monarchs ==
{{#tag:timeline|
ImageSize = width:1400 height:auto barincrement:25
PlotArea  = top:30 bottom:90 right:130 left:3
AlignBars = late

Define $today = {{#time:d/m/Y}}

DateFormat = yyyy
Period     = from:1480 till:{{CURRENTYEAR}}
TimeAxis   = orientation:horizontal

Colors     =
 id:French        value:rgb(0,0.5,1)     legend: French_Crown
 id:English       value:rgb(0.9,0.4,0.4) legend: English/British_Crown
 id:Canada        value:rgb(1,0,0)       legend: Canadian_Crown
 id:gray1           value:gray(0.8)
 id:gray2           value:gray(0.9)
 id:grid            value:gray(0.5)

ScaleMajor = gridcolor:gray1 unit:year increment:50 start:1500
ScaleMinor = gridcolor:gray2 unit:year increment:10  start:1480

Legend     = columns:1 left:150 top:60 columnwidth:230

TextData =
  pos:(20,65) textcolor:black fontsize:M
  text:"Crown:"

BarData = 
 bar:HenryVII
 bar:HenryVIII
 bar:FrancisI
 bar:EdwardVI
 bar:HenryII
 bar:MaryI
 bar:PhilipII
 bar:ElizabethI
 bar:FrancisII
 bar:CharlesIX
 bar:HenryIII
 bar:HenryIV
 bar:JamesI
 bar:LouisXIII
 bar:CharlesI
 bar:LouisXIV
 bar:CharlesII
 bar:JamesII
 bar:MaryII
 bar:WilliamIII
 bar:Anne
 bar:GeorgeI
 bar:LouisXV
 bar:GeorgeII
 bar:GeorgeIII
 bar:GeorgeIV
 bar:WilliamIV
 bar:Victoria
 bar:EdwardVII
 bar:GeorgeV
 bar:EdwardVIII
 bar:GeorgeVI
 bar:ElizabethII
 bar:CharlesIII

PlotData=
  width:7 align:left fontsize:S shift:(5,-4) anchor:till
 bar:HenryVII
  from:1497 till:1509 color:English text:"[[Henry VII of England|Henry VII]]" fontsize:9
 bar:HenryVIII
  from:1509 till:1547 color:English text:"[[Henry VIII]]" fontsize:9
 bar:FrancisI
  from: 1534 till: 1547 color:French text:"[[Francis I of France|Francis I]]" fontsize:9
 bar:EdwardVI
  from:1547 till:1553 color:English text:"[[Edward VI]]" fontsize:9
 bar:HenryII
  from:1547 till:1559 color:French text:"[[Henry II of France|Henry II]]" fontsize:9
 bar:MaryI
  from:1553 till:1558 color:English text:"[[Mary I of England|Mary I]]" fontsize:9
 bar:PhilipII
  from:1554 till:1558 color:English text:"[[Philip II of England|Philip II]]" fontsize:9
 bar:ElizabethI
  from:1558 till:1603 color:English text:"[[Elizabeth I]]" fontsize:9
 bar:FrancisII
  from:1559 till:1560 color:French text:"[[Francis II of France|Francis II]]" fontsize:9
 bar:CharlesIX
  from:1560 till:1574 color:French text:"[[Charles IX of France|Charles IX]]" fontsize:9
 bar:HenryIII
  from:1574 till:1589 color:French text:"[[Henry III of France|Henry III]]" fontsize:9
 bar:HenryIV
  from:1589 till:1610 color:French text:"[[Henry IV of France|Henry IV]]" fontsize:9
 bar:JamesI
  from:1603 till:1625 color:English text:"[[James VI and I|James I]]" fontsize:9
 bar:LouisXIII
  from:1610 till:1643 color:French text:"[[Louis XIII]]" fontsize:9
 bar:CharlesI
  from:1625 till:1649 color:English text:"[[Charles I of England|Charles I]]" fontsize:9
 bar:LouisXIV
  from:1643 till:1715 color:French text:"[[Louis XIV]]" fontsize:9
 bar:CharlesII
  from:1660 till:1685 color:English text:"[[Charles II of England|Charles II]]" fontsize:9
 bar:JamesII
  from:1685 till:1688 color:English text:"[[James II of England|James II]]" fontsize:9
 bar:MaryII
  from:1689 till:1694 color:English text:"[[Mary II of England|Mary II]]" fontsize:9
 bar:WilliamIII
   from:1689 till:1702 color:English text:"[[William III of England|William III]]" fontsize:9
 bar:Anne
   from:1702 till:1714 color:English text:"[[Anne, Queen of Great Britain|Anne]]" fontsize:9
 bar:GeorgeI
  from:1714 till:1727 color:English text:"[[George I of England|George I]]" fontsize:9
 bar:LouisXV
  from:1715 till:1763 color:French text:"[[Louis XV]] (last French king of Canada)" fontsize:9
 bar:GeorgeII
  from:1727 till:1760 color:English text:"[[George II of England|George II]]" fontsize:9
 bar:GeorgeIII
   from:1760 till:1820 color:English text:"[[George III]]" fontsize:9
 bar:GeorgeIV
   from:1820 till:1830 color:English text:"[[George IV]]" fontsize:9
 bar:WilliamIV
   from:1830 till:1837 color:English text:"[[William IV]]" fontsize:9
 bar:Victoria
  from: 1837 till: 1901 color:English text:"[[Queen Victoria|Victoria]]" fontsize:9
 bar:EdwardVII
  from:1901 till:1910 color:English text:"[[Edward VII]]" fontsize:9
 bar:GeorgeV
  from:1910 till: 1931 color:English
  from:1931 till: 1936 color:Canada text:"[[George V]]" fontsize:9
 bar:EdwardVIII
  from:1936 till:1936 color:Canada text:"[[Edward VIII]]" fontsize:9
 bar:GeorgeVI
  from:1936 till:1952 color:Canada text:"[[George VI]]" fontsize:9
 bar:ElizabethII
  from:1952 till:2022 color:Canada text:"[[Elizabeth II]]" fontsize:9
 bar:CharlesIII
  from:2022 till:end color:Canada text:"[[Charles III]]" fontsize:9
}}

==See also==
{{Portal|Canada|British Empire|North America|History|Royalty}}
* [[Constitutional history of Canada]]
* [[History of Canada]]
* [[History of monarchy in Canada]]
* [[List of current heads of state and government]]
* [[List of governors general of Canada]]
* [[Timeline of Canadian history]]

==Notes==
{{Reflist|group="N"}}
{{notelist}}

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
* [http://canadiancrown.gc.ca/eng/1396027502283 Government of Canada: The Kings and Queens of Canada: The Crown in Canadian History] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160128115620/http://canadiancrown.gc.ca/eng/1396027502283 |date=2016-01-28 }}
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20071119120916/http://www.parl.gc.ca/information/about/people/senate/Monarchy/senmonarchy_00-e.htm Senate of Canada: Canada, A Constitutional Monarchy]
{{Canadian monarchy}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Canadian monarchs, List of}}
[[Category:Monarchy of Canada]]
[[Category:Lists of monarchs]]
[[Category:Lists of queens]]
[[Category:Heads of state of Canada| list]]