View source for Immigration to Spain

{{Short description|none}} <!-- "none" is preferred when the title is sufficiently descriptive; see [[WP:SDNONE]] -->
{{use dmy dates|date=November 2020}}
{{Infobox ethnic group
| group            = Immigration to Spain (2025)
| population       = '''9,498,002''' born-abroad (19.32%)<ref>{{cite web|title=Continuous Population Statistics (CPS). January 1st 2025. Provisional data.|publisher=[[Instituto Nacional de Estadística (Spain)|Instituto Nacional de Estadística]]|url=https://www.ine.es/dyngs/Prensa/en/ECP4T24.htm|access-date=13 February 2025}}</ref>
<br/>6,947,711 foreign citizenship (14.13%)<br/>49,153,849 Total population of Spain (2025)
}}
[[File:Immigration to Spain by country of birth at 1 January 2024.png|thumb|350x350px|Foreign-born population in Spain (2024)]]
'''[[Immigration]] to [[Spain]]''' increased significantly at the beginning of the 21st century. In 1998, immigrants accounted for 1.6% of the population, and by 2009, that number had risen to over 12%. Until 2014, the number of immigrants decreased due to the [[Great Recession|economic crisis]], but since 2015, immigration to Spain has been on the rise,<ref>{{cite news |url=https://datosmacro.expansion.com/demografia/migracion/inmigracion/espana |title=Sube el número de inmigrantes que viven en España |year=2017 |access-date=7 June 2019 |work=Datosmacro |language=es |archive-date=27 August 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190827132954/https://datosmacro.expansion.com/demografia/migracion/inmigracion/espana |url-status=live }}</ref> especially after 2021, reaching 19.32% of the population today.<ref name="auto1">{{Cite web |title=Población residente por fecha, sexo, grupo de edad y país de nacimiento(56937) |url=https://www.ine.es/jaxiT3/Datos.htm?t=56937 |access-date=2025-03-08 |website=INE |language=es}}</ref>

As of 2025, there were 9,379,972 foreign-born people in Spain, making up to 19.11% of the population, including 5,308,314 (11.14%) born in a non-European country. Of these 6,852,348 (13.96%) did not have Spanish citizenship.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.ine.es/dyngs/INEbase/en/operacion.htm?c=Estadistica_C&cid=1254736177095&menu=ultiDatos&idp=1254735572981|title=Estadística Continua de Población (ECP) a 7 noviembre de 2024. Datos provisionales|publisher=[[Instituto Nacional de Estadística (Spain)|Instituto Nacional de Estadística]]|website=ine.es|language=Spanish|access-date=7 November 2024}}</ref> This makes Spain the 
4th country in Europe by immigration numbers and the [[List of sovereign states and dependent territories by immigrant population|10th worldwide]]. Spain attracts significant immigration from [[Latin America]] and [[Eastern Europe]]. The fastest-growing immigrant groups in 2017 were [[Venezuelan]]s, [[Colombians]], [[Italians]], [[Ukrainians]], and [[Argentines]].<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.elmundo.es/espana/2018/06/25/5b30be1dca4741905f8b465e.html |title=La llegada de inmigrantes a España aumenta un 28% y hace crecer la población por segundo año consecutivo |first=Olga |last=R. Sanmartín |date=25 June 2018 |access-date=7 June 2019 |location=Madrid |newspaper=[[El Mundo (Spain)|El Mundo]] |language=es |publisher=[[Unidad Editorial]] |archive-date=9 August 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190809142728/https://www.elmundo.es/espana/2018/06/25/5b30be1dca4741905f8b465e.html |url-status=live }}</ref>

During the early 21st century, the average year-on-year demographic growth set a new record with its 2003 peak variation of 2.1%, doubling the previous record reached in the 1960s when a mean year-on-year growth of 1% was experienced.<ref>{{cite journal |url=http://www.la-moncloa.es/NR/rdonlyres/2E85E75E-E2D9-4148-B1DF-950B06696A6C/74823/Chapter_2.PDF |title=Official report on Spanish recent Macroeconomics, including data and comments on immigration |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080726044742/http://www.la-moncloa.es/NR/rdonlyres/2E85E75E-E2D9-4148-B1DF-950B06696A6C/74823/Chapter_2.PDF |archive-date=26 July 2008 |access-date=14 November 2011 |pages=13–43 |journal=[[La Moncloa]]}}</ref> In 2005 alone, the immigrant population of Spain increased by 700,000 people.<ref>{{cite web |work=[[Instituto Nacional de Estadística (Spain)|Instituto Nacional de Estadística]] |title=Evolution of the foreign population in Spain since 1998 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070929140743/http://www.ine.es/inebase/cgi/axi?AXIS_PATH=%2Finebase%2Ftemas%2Ft20%2Fe245%2Fp08%2Fl0%2F&FILE_AXIS=04001.px&CGI_DEFAULT=%2Finebase%2Ftemas%2Fcgi.opt&COMANDO=SELECCION&CGI_URL=%2Finebase%2Fcgi%2F |archive-date=29 September 2007 |access-date=7 June 2019 |url=http://www.ine.es/inebase/cgi/axi?AXIS_PATH=%2Finebase%2Ftemas%2Ft20%2Fe245%2Fp08%2Fl0%2F&FILE_AXIS=04001.px&CGI_DEFAULT=%2Finebase%2Ftemas%2Fcgi.opt&COMANDO=SELECCION&CGI_URL=%2Finebase%2Fcgi%2F |language=es}}</ref>

Spain accepted 478,990 new immigrant residents in just the first six months of 2022 alone. During these months, 220,443 people also emigrated from Spain, leaving a record-breaking net migration figure of 258,547.<ref name="weekly"/> More women than men chose to move to Spain during 2022; this is due to higher rates of emigration from Latin America.<ref name="weekly">{{cite news|url=https://euroweeklynews.com/2023/01/26/immigration-resumes-to-pre-pandemic-levels-in-spain-with-more-women-immigrants-than-men/|title=Immigration resumes to pre-pandemic levels in Spain with more women immigrants than men|website=[[EuroWeekly News]]|author=Betty Henderson|date=26 January 2023|access-date=12 February 2023|archive-date=12 February 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230212043639/https://euroweeklynews.com/2023/01/26/immigration-resumes-to-pre-pandemic-levels-in-spain-with-more-women-immigrants-than-men/|url-status=live}}</ref>

==Currently==
[[File:1981-2014 Ext-Esp.gif|thumb|300px|left|Impact of immigration on the Spanish population pyramid]]

{| class="wikitable"  style="width:25%; float:right; text-align:center; clear:all; margin-left:8px; font-size:90%;"
|-
! colspan="20"|Foreign population in Spain<ref>'''Fuente''': para los años 1981, 1986 y 1991, los datos se refieren tan sólo a extranjeros con permiso de residencia a 31 de diciembre y proceden del Ministerio de Trabajo y Asuntos Sociales, citado en [http://www.juntadeandalucia.es/iea/migracioninternacional/tab/4_1.xls]{{dead link|date=November 2017|bot=InternetArchiveBot|fix-attempted=yes}} (tomando, para el porcentaje de 1986, la población española de hecho según la estimación intercensal del INE para el 1 de julio [https://web.archive.org/web/20071102141034/http://www.ine.es/inebase/cgi/axi?COMANDO=SELECCION&CGI_DEFAULT=%2Finebase%2Ftemas%2Fcgi.opt&CGI_URL=%2Finebase%2Fcgi%2F&AXIS_PATH=%2Finebase%2Ftemas%2Ft20%2Fp263%2Fpob%2Fl0%2F&FILE_AXIS=pob003.px]). Para los datos de 1996 y posteriores, todos los datos proceden del [[Instituto Nacional de Estadística de España|INE]] [https://web.archive.org/web/20071102141040/http://www.ine.es/inebase/cgi/um?M=%2Ft20%2Fe245%2Fp08%2F&O=pcaxis&N=&L=0]</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.ine.es/en/prensa/np854_en.pdf |title=For 2013 and 2014 |access-date=30 October 2014 |archive-date=21 December 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181221161516/http://www.ine.es/en/prensa/np854_en.pdf |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.ine.es/jaxi/Datos.htm?path=/t20/e245/p08/l0/&file=02002.px|title=Población por comunidades, edad (grupos quinquenales), Españoles/Extranjeros, Sexo y Año.|website=INE|access-date=14 November 2022|archive-date=13 May 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220513233110/https://www.ine.es/jaxi/Datos.htm?path=/t20/e245/p08/l0/&file=02002.px|url-status=live}}</ref>
|- style="background:#efefef;"
!width=15% |Year
!width=60% |Population
!width=25% |% total
|-
|1981 ||align=center|198,042||align=right|0.52%
|-
|1986 ||align=center|241,971||align=right|0.63%
|-
|1991 ||align=center|360,655||align=right|0.91%
|-
|1996 ||align=center|542,314||align=right|1.37%
|-
|1998||align=center|637,085||align=right|1.60%
|-
|1999||align=center|748,954||align=right|1.86%
|-
|2000||align=center|923,879||align=right|2.28%
|-
|2001||align=center|1,370,657||align=right|3.33%
|-
|2002||align=center|1,977,946||align=right|4.73%
|-
|2003||align=center|2,664,168||align=right|6.24%
|-
|2004||align=center|3,034,326||align=right|7.02%
|-
|2005||align=center|3,730,610||align=right|8.46%
|-
|2006||align=center|4,144,166||align=right|9.27%
|-
|2007||align=center|4,519,554||align=right|9.9%
|-
|2008||align=center|5,268,762||align=right|11.4%
|-
|2009||align=center|5,648,671||align=right|12.1%
|-
|2010||align=center|5,747,734||align=right|12.2%
|-
|2011||align=center|5,751,487||align=right|12.2%
|-
|2012||align=center|5,736,258||align=right|12.1%
|-
|2013||align=center|5,546,238||align=right|11.8%
|-
|2014||align=center|5,023,487||align=right|10.7%
|-
|2015||align=center|4,729,644||align=right|10.1%
|-
|2016||align=center|4,618,581||align=right|9.9%
|-
|2017||align=center|4,572,807||align=right|9.8%
|-
|2018||align=center|4,663,726||align=right|10.0%
|-
|2019||align=center|5,023,279||align=right|10.7%
|-
|2020||align=center|5,434,153||align=right|11.5%
|-
|2021||align=center|5,440,148||align=right|11.5%
|-
|2022||align=center|5,542,932||align=right|11.7%
|-
|2023||align=center|6,089,620||align=right|12.7%
|-
|2024||align=center|6,735,487||align=right|13.8%
|}

According to the [[United Nations]], there were 5,947,106 immigrants in Spain in early 2018, 12.8% of the population of Spain.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://datosmacro.expansion.com/demografia/migracion/inmigracion/espana|title=España - Inmigración 2019|website=Datosmacro.com|access-date=25 January 2019|archive-date=27 August 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190827132954/https://datosmacro.expansion.com/demografia/migracion/inmigracion/espana|url-status=live}}</ref> According to the Spanish government, there were 5.6 million foreign residents in Spain in 2010; independent estimates put the figure 14% of total population (Red Cross, World Disasters Report 2006). According to the official 2011 census data, almost 800,000 were Romanian, 774,000 were Moroccan, 317,000 were Ecuadorian, 312,000 were British and 250,000 were Colombian [http://www.ine.es/en/prensa/np756_en.pdf]. Other important foreign communities are Bolivian (4.1%), German (3.4%), Italian (3.1%), Bulgarian (2.9%), Chinese (2.6%) and Argentine (2.5%). In 2005, a regularization programme increased the legal immigrant population by 700,000 people. Since 2000, Spain has experienced high population growth as a result of immigration flows, despite a birth rate that is only half of the replacement level.

According to [[Eurostat]], in 2010, there were 6.4 million foreign-born residents in Spain, corresponding to 14.0% of the total population. Of these, 4.1 million (8.9%) were born outside the EU and 2.3 million (5.1%) were born in another EU Member State.<ref name="auto">[http://epp.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/cache/ITY_OFFPUB/KS-SF-11-034/EN/KS-SF-11-034-EN.PDF 6.5% of the EU population are foreigners and 9.4% are born abroad] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110812185554/http://epp.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/cache/ITY_OFFPUB/KS-SF-11-034/EN/KS-SF-11-034-EN.PDF |date=August 12, 2011 }}, Eurostat, Katya VASILEVA, 34/2011.</ref>

As of 2005 Spain had the second highest immigration rates within the EU, just after [[Cyprus]], and the second highest absolute net migration in the World (after the USA).<ref>[http://epp.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/cache/ITY_OFFPUB/KS-NK-06-001/EN/KS-NK-06-001-EN.PDF Eurostat – Population in Europe in 2005] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080819191607/http://epp.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/cache/ITY_OFFPUB/KS-NK-06-001/EN/KS-NK-06-001-EN.PDF |date=August 19, 2008 }}. (PDF) . Retrieved on 2011-11-14.</ref> 

Over 920,000 immigrants arrived in Spain during 2007, in addition to 802,971 in 2006, 682,711 in 2005, and 645,844 in 2004.<ref>{{citation|first=Soeren|last=Kern|title=Immigration Policy a Casualty of Unemployment in Spain|url=http://www.worldpoliticsreview.com/article.aspx?id=3750|access-date=2009-06-29|periodical=World Politics Review|date=2009-05-13|archive-date=1 June 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200601010004/https://www.worldpoliticsreview.com/articles/3750/immigration-policy-a-casualty-of-unemployment-in-spain|url-status=dead}}</ref>

[[File:Zapatillas_con_clavos.jpg|thumb|right|300px|Sneakers with nails in the soles and a metal hook, that illegal migrants use to jump the fences of Ceuta and Melilla.]]

For nationalities outside of this category,{{clarify|date=February 2024}} in order to stay in Spain for more than 3 months, a residence card, residence visa or work permit is required.<ref>{{citation|first=Artis|last=Zelmenis|title=Spanish Immigration Policy|url=http://www.immigration-residency.eu/immigration-to/spain/|periodical=Baltic Legal|date=2013-09-11|access-date=16 September 2013|archive-date=31 October 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131031193244/http://www.immigration-residency.eu/immigration-to/spain/|url-status=live}}</ref>

Two distinct groups can be identified: those immigrants (mostly in working age) originating from countries mostly located in Eastern Europe, South America or Africa, with lower [[purchasing power parity|purchasing power]] than Spain, comprising most of the immigrating population, and those (of whom many are retired) originating from northern European or other western countries with a higher GDP per capita than Spain.<ref>{{cite journal|last=Membrado|first=Joan Carles|title=Pensioners' Coast. Migration of Elderly North Europeans to the Costa Blanca|journal=[[Mètode]]|publisher=[[University of Valencia]]|date=May 21, 2014|issue=81|doi=10.7203/metode.81.3111|url=https://metode.cat/revistes-metode/monografics/costa-jubilats.html|access-date=August 10, 2017|language=ca|doi-access=free|hdl=10550/50912|hdl-access=free|archive-date=10 August 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170810211350/https://metode.cat/revistes-metode/monografics/costa-jubilats.html|url-status=live}}</ref>

==Immigrants from Europe==
Immigrants from [[Europe]] make up a growing proportion of immigrants in Spain. The main countries of origin are [[Romania]], the [[United Kingdom]], [[Germany]], [[Italy]], and [[Bulgaria]].

The British authorities estimate that the real population of British citizens living in Spain is much bigger than Spanish official figures suggest, establishing them at about 1,000,000, about 800,000 being permanent residents.<ref>[http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/shared/spl/hi/in_depth/brits_abroad/html/europe.stm] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071215044739/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/shared/spl/hi/in_depth/brits_abroad/html/europe.stm|date=15 December 2007}}
[http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/6161705.stm] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130408081743/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/6161705.stm|date=8 April 2013}}
[https://www.theguardian.com/spain/article/0,,1830838,00.html] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200404184450/https://www.theguardian.com/spain/article/0,,1830838,00.html|date=4 April 2020}}
[http://www.advancemoves.com/blog/removals-spain-uk-many-brits-fallen-love-spain/] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200120130035/https://www.advancemoves.com/blog/removals-spain-uk-many-brits-fallen-love-spain/|date=20 January 2020}}
{{cite web |title=British Immigrants Swamping Spanish Villages? |url=http://www.byebyeblighty.com/1/british-immigrants-swamping-spanish-villages/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101223102348/http://www.byebyeblighty.com/1/british-immigrants-swamping-spanish-villages/ |archive-date=December 23, 2010 |access-date=January 25, 2011}}
[https://www.theguardian.com/spain/article/0,,1588156,00.html] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200404184453/https://www.theguardian.com/spain/article/0,,1588156,00.html|date=4 April 2020}}
[http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/6210358.stm] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200404184454/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/6210358.stm|date=4 April 2020}}
[http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/5237236.stm] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200404184455/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/5237236.stm|date=4 April 2020}}</ref> Of these, according to the BBC and contrary to popular belief, only about 21.5% are over the age of 65.<ref>[http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/shared/spl/hi/in_depth/brits_abroad/html/europe.stm Special Reports | Brits Abroad] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071215044739/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/shared/spl/hi/in_depth/brits_abroad/html/europe.stm |date=15 December 2007 }}. BBC News. Retrieved on 2011-11-14.</ref>

In fact, according to the ''Financial Times'', Spain is the most favoured destination for West Europeans considering to move from their own country elsewhere in the EU.<ref>[http://international.ibox.bg/news/id_1406161495 News.bg – Europeans Favour Spain for Expat Jobs] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081010033728/http://international.ibox.bg/news/id_1406161495 |date=10 October 2008 }}. International.ibox.bg. Retrieved on 2011-11-14.</ref>

==Social attitudes to immigration==

Unlike other countries in the EU, Spain has not recorded any relevant anti-immigration about until fairly recently.<ref name="FT">{{cite news|first=Tobias|last=Buck|title=No right turn for Spanish politics|work=[[Financial Times]]|date=17 January 2017|url=https://www.ft.com/content/414246f6-dbe4-11e6-86ac-f253db7791c6|access-date=2017-01-19|archive-date=18 January 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170118140000/https://www.ft.com/content/414246f6-dbe4-11e6-86ac-f253db7791c6|url-status=live}}</ref> According to some analysts, the causes behind this are multiple. Drawing from the experience of many Spaniards during the 1960s and then again in the beginning of the 21st century when the crisis struck the country, there may be also a collective understanding that hardships force people to seek work abroad.<ref name="FT"/>

A January 2004 survey by Spanish newspaper ''[[El País]]'' showed that the "majority" of Spaniards believe immigration was too high.<ref>{{Cite news|last=Staff writer |title=Immigration time-bomb |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060528065305/http://www.expatica.com/source/site_article.asp?subchannel_id=83&story_id=8794&name=Immigration%2Btime-bomb |archive-date=28 May 2006 |url=http://www.expatica.com/source/site_article.asp?subchannel_id=83&story_id=8794&name=Immigration+time%2Dbomb |work=[[Expatica]] |date=23 June 2004 |access-date=11 August 2010 |url-status=dead }}</ref> Small parties, such as Movimiento Social Español, openly campaign using nationalist or anti-immigrant rhetoric as do other small far-right parties such as [[National Democracy (Spain)]] and [[España 2000]]. These parties have never won national or regional parliamentary seats. However, while the far-right political party [[Vox (political party)|Vox]] has gained headlines for favouring tough stance against immigration, commentators have suggested that this has not translated into electoral success for them.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2019/nov/10/vox-party-puts-menace-of-migrant-children-at-centre-of-election-drive |website=The Guardian |access-date=28 September 2022 |title=Vox party puts 'menace' of migrant children at centre of election drive |date=10 November 2019 |archive-date=28 September 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220928083841/https://www.theguardian.com/world/2019/nov/10/vox-party-puts-menace-of-migrant-children-at-centre-of-election-drive |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Adler |first=Katya |date=2025-06-04 |title=How Denmark's left (not the far right) got tough on immigration |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/c1mgkd93r4yo |url-status=live |access-date=2025-06-11 |website=[[BBC News]] |language=en-GB}}</ref>

According to an October 2024 survey for the ''[[El País]]'' newspaper and [[Cadena SER]] radio station, 57% of Spaniards believe there is "too much" immigration to Spain.<ref>{{cite news |title=Spain to legalise about 300,000 undocumented immigrants per year |url=https://www.reuters.com/world/europe/spain-regularise-about-300000-undocumented-migrants-per-year-2024-11-19/ |work=Reuters |date=19 November 2024}}</ref>

==Immigration by country of origin==
Population by country of birth as of 31 December 2024:<ref>{{Cite web |title=Población (españoles/extranjeros) por País de Nacimiento, sexo y año |url=https://www.ine.es/jaxiT3/Datos.htm?t=56937 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240224091340/https://ine.es/jaxiT3/Datos.htm?t=56937 |archive-date=2024-02-24 |access-date=2025-01-29 |publisher=[[Instituto Nacional de Estadística (Spain)|Instituto Nacional de Estadística]]}}</ref>

{| class="wikitable sortable"
!Country
!Population
|-
| {{Flag|Morocco}} || align = "right" | 1,092,892
|-
| {{Flag|Colombia}} || align="right" | 856,616
|-
| {{Flag|Venezuela}} || align="right" | 599,769
|-
| {{Flag|Romania}} || align="right" | 532,456
|-
| {{Flag|Ecuador}} || align="right" | 448,643
|-
| {{Flag|Argentina}} || align="right" | 415,987
|-
| {{Flag|Peru}} || align="right" | 378,924
|-
| {{Flag|UK}} || align="right" | 285,093
|-
|{{CUB}}
| align="right" |223,532
|-
| {{flagicon|EU}}{{Flag|France}} || align="right" | 217,247
|-
| {{Flag|Ukraine}} || align="right" | 215,700
|-
| {{Flag|Honduras}} || align="right" | 201,319
|-
|{{DOM}}
| align="right" |201,162
|-
| {{Flag|China}} || align="right" | 198,805
|-
|{{BOL}}
| align="right" |189,285
|-
| {{Flag|Brazil}} || align="right" | 179,033
|-
| {{flagicon|EU}}{{Flag|Germany}} || align="right" | 177,715
|-
|{{flagicon|EU}}{{ITA}}
| align="right" |160,201
|-
| {{Flag|Paraguay}} || align="right" | 146,047
|-
| {{Flag|Russia}} || align="right" | 134,068
|-
| {{Flag|Pakistan}} || align="right" | 123,882
|-
| {{flagicon|EU}}{{Flag|Bulgaria}} || align="right" | 104,756
|-
| {{flagicon|EU}}{{Flag|Portugal}} || align="right" | 96,187
|-
| {{Flag|Senegal}} || align="right" | 95,812
|-
| {{Flag|Uruguay}} || align = "right" | 89,595
|-
| {{Flag|Algeria}} || align = "right" | 87,854
|-
| {{Flag|Nicaragua}} || align = "right" | 87,786
|-
| {{Flag|Mexico}} || align = "right" | 79,581
|-
| {{Flag|Chile}} || align = "right" | 76,638
|-
| {{Flag|USA}} || align = "right" | 69,171
|-
| {{Flag|India}} || align = "right" | 65,799
|-
| {{Flag|Switzerland}} || align = "right" | 59,718
|-
| {{flagicon|EU}}{{Flag|Netherlands}} || align = "right" | 57,771
|-
|{{flagicon|EU}}{{POL}}
| align="right" |54,832
|-
| {{flagicon|EU}}{{Flag|Belgium}} || align="right" | 54,776
|-
| {{Flag|Philippines}} || align = "right" | 57,498
|}

=== Recent trends ===
{| class="wikitable sortable"
|+ Countries with at least 10,000 people, immigrating each year.<ref>[https://ine.es/jaxiT3/Datos.htm?t=56937 Immigration flow from abroad by year, sex and age] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201128140809/https://www.ine.es/jaxiT3/Datos.htm?t=24295#!tabs-tabla |date=28 November 2020 }} at INE (Spanish Bureau Office).</ref>

! Country !! 2016 !! 2017 !! 2018 !! 2019
|-
| {{Flag icon|Venezuela}} [[Venezuelans in Spain|Venezuela]]
| style="text-align:right;"| {{nts| 31553}}
| style="text-align:right;"| {{nts| 52385}}
| style="text-align:right;"| {{nts| 71666}}
| style="text-align:right;"| {{nts| 73932}}
|-
| {{Flag icon|Morocco}} [[Morocco]] 
| style="text-align:right;"| {{nts| 30097}}
| style="text-align:right;"| {{nts| 40372}}
| style="text-align:right;"| {{nts| 61715}}
| style="text-align:right;"| {{nts| 73560}}
|-
| {{Flag icon|Colombia}} [[Colombia]]
| style="text-align:right;"| {{nts| 24844}} 
| style="text-align:right;"| {{nts| 36678}} 
| style="text-align:right;"| {{nts| 56253}}
| style="text-align:right;"| {{nts| 80054}}
|-
| {{Flag icon|UK}} [[United Kingdom]] 
| style="text-align:right;"| {{nts| 23876}}
| style="text-align:right;"| {{nts| 28875}}
| style="text-align:right;"| {{nts| 31276}}
| style="text-align:right;"| {{nts| 37617}}
|-
| {{Flag icon|Romania}} [[Romania]]
| style="text-align:right;"| {{nts| 27860}}
| style="text-align:right;"| {{nts| 30235}} 
| style="text-align:right;"| {{nts| 28030}}
| style="text-align:right;"| {{nts| 25675}}
|-
| {{Flag icon|Honduras}} [[Honduras]]
| style="text-align:right;"| {{nts| 11074}}
| style="text-align:right;"| {{nts| 18573}} 
| style="text-align:right;"| {{nts| 23671}}
| style="text-align:right;"| {{nts| 29185}}
|-
| {{Flag icon|Italy}} [[Italy]] 
| style="text-align:right;"| {{nts| 18526}}
| style="text-align:right;"| {{nts| 22203}} 
| style="text-align:right;"| {{nts| 22002}}
| style="text-align:right;"| {{nts| 21517}}
|-
| {{Flag icon|Peru}} [[Peru]] 
| style="text-align:right;"| {{nts| 9711}}
| style="text-align:right;"| {{nts| 15945}} 
| style="text-align:right;"| {{nts| 21463}}
| style="text-align:right;"| {{nts| 31307}}
|-
| {{Flag icon|Argentina}} [[Argentina]]
| style="text-align:right;"| {{nts| 10852}}
| style="text-align:right;"| {{nts| 14904}} 
| style="text-align:right;"| {{nts| 19166}}
| style="text-align:right;"| {{nts| 31132}}
|-
| {{Flag icon|Brazil}} [[Brazil]] 
| style="text-align:right;"| {{nts| 11954}}
| style="text-align:right;"| {{nts| 14816}}
| style="text-align:right;"| {{nts| 17863}}
| style="text-align:right;"| {{nts| 18703}}
|-
| {{Flag icon|France}} [[France]] 
| style="text-align:right;"| {{nts| 13341}}
| style="text-align:right;"| {{nts| 16290}}
| style="text-align:right;"| {{nts| 16210}}
| style="text-align:right;"| {{nts| 16543}}
|-
| {{Flag icon|Ecuador}} [[Ecuador]] 
| style="text-align:right;"| {{nts| 12349}}
| style="text-align:right;"| {{nts| 15600}}
| style="text-align:right;"| {{nts| 15893}}
| style="text-align:right;"| {{nts| 17635}}
|-
| {{Flag icon|Cuba}} [[Cuba]] 
| style="text-align:right;"| {{nts| 8122}}
| style="text-align:right;"| {{nts| 10280}}
| style="text-align:right;"| {{nts| 14265}}
| style="text-align:right;"| {{nts| 17588}}
|-
| {{Flag icon|US}} [[United States]] 
| style="text-align:right;"| {{nts| 9942}}
| style="text-align:right;"| {{nts| 12719}} 
| style="text-align:right;"| {{nts| 13853}}
| style="text-align:right;"| {{nts| 15050}}
|-
| {{Flag icon|Germany}} [[Germany]] 
| style="text-align:right;"| {{nts| 10505}}
| style="text-align:right;"| {{nts| 12714}}
| style="text-align:right;"| {{nts| 13314}}
| style="text-align:right;"| {{nts| 13262}}
|-
| {{Flag icon|China}} [[China]] 
| style="text-align:right;"| {{nts| 10552}}
| style="text-align:right;"| {{nts| 11779}}
| style="text-align:right;"| {{nts| 12182}}
| style="text-align:right;"| {{nts| 12757}}
|-
| {{Flag icon|Nicaragua}} [[Nicaragua]] 
| style="text-align:right;"| {{nts| 4250}}
| style="text-align:right;"| {{nts| 6330}}
| style="text-align:right;"| {{nts| 11732}}
| style="text-align:right;"| {{nts| 17410}}
|-
| {{Flag icon|Dominican Republic}} [[Dominican Republic]] 
| style="text-align:right;"| {{nts| 9709}}
| style="text-align:right;"| {{nts| 11324}}
| style="text-align:right;"| {{nts| 10813}}
| style="text-align:right;"| {{nts| 11037}}
|-
| '''Total''' || '''414,746''' || '''532,132'''  || '''643,684''' || ''' 748,759'''
|}
{| class="wikitable sortable mw-collapsible"
! rowspan="3" |Place of Birth
! colspan="2" |Year
|-
! colspan="2" |2011<ref>{{Cite web |title=CensusHub2 |url=https://ec.europa.eu/CensusHub2/query.do?step=selectHyperCube&qhc=false |access-date=2023-07-12 |website=ec.europa.eu |archive-date=12 July 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230712235728/https://ec.europa.eu/CensusHub2/query.do?step=selectHyperCube&qhc=false |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=CensusHub2 |url=https://ec.europa.eu/CensusHub2/intermediate.do?&method=forwardResult |access-date=2023-07-13 |website=ec.europa.eu |archive-date=13 July 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230713000929/https://ec.europa.eu/CensusHub2/intermediate.do?&method=forwardResult |url-status=live }}</ref>
|-
!Number
!%
|-
|
|
|
|-
!Place of Birth in Reporting Country (Spain)
|41,153,550
!
|-
!Place of Birth Not in Reporting Country
|5,648,995
!
|-
|Other EU Member State
|1,890,605
|
|-
|Outside EU but within Europe
|239,880
|
|-
|Outside Europe/ Non-European
|3,758,390
|
|-
|Africa
|945,905
|
|-
|Asia
|259,345
|
|-
|North America
|41,220
|
|-
|Caribbean, South or Central America
|2,265,685
|
|-
|Oceania
|6,360
|
|-
|
|
|
|-
!Total
|'''46,815,910'''
!100%
|}
{| class="wikitable"
|Foreign Population by Nationality<ref>{{Cite web |title=Población extranjera por Nacionalidad, comunidades, Sexo y Año. |url=https://www.ine.es/jaxi/Datos.htm?path=/t20/e245/p08/l0/&file=02005.px |access-date=2023-07-13 |website=INE |language=es-ES |archive-date=21 February 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220221082714/https://www.ine.es/jaxi/Datos.htm?path=%2Ft20%2Fe245%2Fp08%2Fl0%2F&file=02005.px |url-status=live }}</ref>
|Number
|%
|-
|2022
|
|
|-
|TOTAL FOREIGNERS
|'''5,542,932'''
|
|-
|
|
|
|-
|
|
|
|-
|EUROPE
|2,205,961
|
|-
|EUROPEAN UNION
|1,617,911
|
|-
|OTHER EUROPE
|588,050
|
|-
|AFRICA
|1,217,706
|
|-
|SOUTH AMERICA
|1,173,900
|
|-
|CENTRAL AMERICA
|368,461
|
|-
|NORTH AMERICA
|76,628
|
|-
|ASIA
|493,065
|
|-
|OCEANIA
|3,580
|
|-
|Instituto Nacional de Estadística
|
|
|-
|
|
|
|}

=== Major immigration ===
This chart shows the numbers and difference of foreign nationals in Spain after 2000. [[European Union]] member states are indicated with the EU flag in regional European sub-divisions. The number of [[Latin American]] immigrants decreased massively after 2009 mostly due to the naturalization of hundreds of thousands of these citizens who achieved the Spanish citizenship and therefore do not count as immigrants anymore on the official statistics.<ref>{{Cite web|url = http://www.elperiodico.com/es/sociedad/20160613/espana-fue-el-pais-de-la-ue-que-mas-nacionalidades-concedio-5201076|title = Uno de cada cuatro extranjeros que obtuvieron la nacionalidad en la UE en 2014 la lograron en España|date = 13 June 2016|access-date = 12 February 2018|archive-date = 13 February 2018|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20180213022340/http://www.elperiodico.com/es/sociedad/20160613/espana-fue-el-pais-de-la-ue-que-mas-nacionalidades-concedio-5201076|url-status = live}}</ref> See the chart from below from the "Naturalizations" paragraph for further information.

{| class="wikitable sortable"
|-
!  style="text-align:center; background:#9dbec3;"|Origin
!  style="text-align:center; background:#9dbec3;"|2000
!  style="text-align:center; background:#9dbec3;"|2005
!  style="text-align:center; background:#9dbec3;"|2010
!  style="text-align:center; background:#9dbec3;"|2015 
!  style="text-align:center; background:#9dbec3;"|2020<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.ine.es/jaxi/Tabla.htm?path=/t20/e245/p08/l0/&file=02005.px&L=0|title=Población extranjera por Nacionalidad, comunidades, Sexo y Año|access-date=2 May 2020|archive-date=26 April 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190426032350/http://www.ine.es/jaxi/Tabla.htm?path=%2Ft20%2Fe245%2Fp08%2Fl0%2F&file=02005.px&L=0|url-status=live}}</ref>
!  style="text-align:center; background:#9dbec3;"|Article
|-
|border = "1"|{{MAR}}
|align="right"|{{nts|173158 }}
|align="right"|{{nts|511294 }}
|align="right"|{{nts|754080 }}
|align="right"|{{nts|750883}}
|align="right"|{{nts|865945}}
|align="right"|[[Moroccans in Spain]]
|-
|border = "1"|{{flagicon|EU}}{{ROM}}
|align="right"|{{nts|6410 }}
|align="right"|{{nts|317366 }}
|align="right"|{{nts|831235 }}
|align="right"|{{nts|752268}}
|align="right"|{{nts|667378}}
|align="right"|[[Romanians in Spain]]
|-
|border = "1"|{{COL}} 
|align="right"|{{nts|25247 }}
|align="right"|{{nts|271239 }}
|align="right"|{{nts|292641 }}
|align="right"|{{nts|151258}}
|align="right"|{{nts|273050}}
|align="right"|[[Colombians in Spain]]
|-
|border = "1"|{{UK}}
|align="right"|{{nts|99017 }}
|align="right"|{{nts|227187 }}
|align="right"|{{nts|387677 }}
|align="right"|{{nts|283243}}
|align="right"|{{nts|262885}}
|align="right"|[[British migration to Spain]]
|-
|border = "1"|{{flagicon|EU}}{{ITA}} 
|align="right"|{{nts|27874 }}
|align="right"|{{nts|95377 }}
|align="right"|{{nts|184277 }}
|align="right"|{{nts|179363}}
|align="right"|{{nts|252008}}
|align="right"|[[Italians in Spain]]
|-
|border = "1"|{{CHN}}
|align="right"|{{nts|19191}}
|align="right"|{{nts|87731}}
|align="right"|{{nts|158244}}
|align="right"|{{nts|191638}}
|align="right"|{{nts|232807}}
|align="right"|[[Chinese people in Spain]]
|-
|border = "1"|{{VEN}}
|align="right"|{{nts|12119}}
|align="right"|{{nts|49206}}
|align="right"|{{nts|60399}}
|align="right"|{{nts|48421}}
|align="right"|{{nts|189110}}
|align="right"|[[Venezuelans in Spain]]
|-
|border = "1"|{{ECU}} 
|align="right"|{{nts|20481 }}
|align="right"|{{nts|497799 }}
|align="right"|{{nts|399586 }}
|align="right"|{{nts|176397}}
|align="right"|{{nts|130919}}
|align="right"|[[Ecuadorians in Spain]]
|-
|border = "1"|{{flagicon|EU}}{{BUL}} 
|align="right"|{{nts|3031 }}
|align="right"|{{nts|93037 }}
|align="right"|{{nts|169552 }}
|align="right"|{{nts|142328}}
|align="right"|{{nts|122375}}
|align="right"|[[Bulgarians in Spain]]
|-
|border = "1"|{{HND}} 
|align="right"|{{nts|1293 }}
|align="right"|{{nts|7017 }}
|align="right"|{{nts|27363 }}
|align="right"|{{nts|43283}}
|align="right"|{{nts|121963}}
|align="right"|-
|-
|border = "1"|{{UKR}} 
|align="right"|{{nts|1646}}
|align="right"|{{nts|65667}}
|align="right"|{{nts|83313}}
|align="right"|{{nts|91004}}
|align="right"|{{nts|115186}}
|align="right"|[[Ukrainians in Spain]]
|-
|border = "1"|{{flagicon|EU}}{{GER}}
|align="right"|{{nts|88651 }}
|align="right"|{{nts|133588 }}
|align="right"|{{nts|195824 }}
|align="right"|{{nts|130911}}
|align="right"|{{nts|111937}}
|align="right"|[[Germans in Spain]]
|-
|border = "1"|{{flagicon|EU}}{{FRA}} 
|align="right"|{{nts|46375}}
|align="right"|{{nts|77791}}
|align="right"|{{nts|123870}}
|align="right"|{{nts|99598}}
|align="right"|{{nts|108275}}
|align="right"|[[French in Spain]]
|-
|border = "1"|{{PER}} 
|align="right"|{{nts|27422 }}
|align="right"|{{nts|85029 }}
|align="right"|{{nts|140182 }}
|align="right"|{{nts|71112}}
|align="right"|{{nts|106712}}
|align="right"|[[Peruvians in Spain]]
|-
|border = "1"|{{BRA}} 
|align="right"|{{nts|11126 }}
|align="right"|{{nts|54115 }}
|align="right"|{{nts|117808 }}
|align="right"|{{nts|73863}}
|align="right"|{{nts|98655}}
|align="right"|-
|-
|border = "1"|{{PAK}}
|align="right"|{{nts|4195}}
|align="right"|{{nts|31913}}
|align="right"|{{nts|56877}}
|align="right"|{{nts|77695}}
|align="right"|{{nts|97705}}
|align="right"|[[Pakistanis in Spain]]
|-
|border = "1"|{{flagicon|EU}}{{POR}} 
|align="right"|{{nts|43339}}
|align="right"|{{nts|66236}}
|align="right"|{{nts|142520}}
|align="right"|{{nts|98751}}
|align="right"|{{nts|97628}}
|align="right"|[[Portuguese in Spain]]
|-
|border = "1"|{{BOL}} 
|align="right"|{{nts|2117 }}
|align="right"|{{nts|97947 }}
|align="right"|{{nts|213169 }}
|align="right"|{{nts|126375}}
|align="right"|{{nts|92630}}
|align="right"|[[Bolivians in Spain]]
|-
|border = "1"|{{ARG}} 
|align="right"|{{nts|23351 }}
|align="right"|{{nts|152975 }}
|align="right"|{{nts|132249 }}
|align="right"|{{nts|75313}}
|align="right"|{{nts|89029}}
|align="right"|[[Argentines in Spain]]
|-
|border = "1"|{{PAR}} 
|align="right"|{{nts|711}}
|align="right"|{{nts|16295}}
|align="right"|{{nts|85687}}
|align="right"|{{nts|69451}}
|align="right"|{{nts|87045}}
|align="right"|[[Paraguayans in Spain]]
|-
|border = "1"|{{RUS}} 
|align="right"|{{nts|5199}}
|align="right"|{{nts|36319}}
|align="right"|{{nts|49820}}
|align="right"|{{nts|68387}}
|align="right"|{{nts|82788}}
|align="right"|[[Russians in Spain]]
|-
|border = "1"|{{SEN}}
|align="right"|{{nts|7526}}
|align="right"|{{nts|29608}}
|align="right"|{{nts|61970}}
|align="right"|{{nts|61798}}
|align="right"|{{nts|76973}}
|align="right"|-
|-
|border = "1"|{{DOM}} 
|align="right"|{{nts|24847}}
|align="right"|{{nts|57134}}
|align="right"|{{nts|91212}}
|align="right"|{{nts|75315}}
|align="right"|{{nts|75261}}
|align="right"|[[Dominicans in Spain]]
|-
|border = "1"|{{ALG}}
|align="right"|{{nts|10759 }}
|align="right"|{{nts|46278 }}
|align="right"|{{nts|58743 }}
|align="right"|{{nts|62398}}
|align="right"|{{nts|66893}}
|align="right"|-
|-
|border = "1"|{{CUB}}
|align="right"|{{nts|17814}}
|align="right"|{{nts|45009 }}
|align="right"|{{nts|54954 }}
|align="right"|{{nts|46397}}
|align="right"|{{nts|64634}}
|align="right"|-
|-
|border = "1"|{{NIC}} 
|align="right"|{{nts|700}}
|align="right"|{{nts|1953}}
|align="right"|{{nts|12190}}
|align="right"|{{nts|20941}}
|align="right"|{{nts|57530}}
|align="right"|-
|-
|border = "1"|{{IND}} 
|align="right"|{{nts|6807}}
|align="right"|{{nts|17558}}
|align="right"|{{nts|32947}}
|align="right"|{{nts|36724}}
|align="right"|{{nts|54387}}
|align="right"|[[Indians in Spain]]
|-
|border = "1"|{{flagicon|EU}}{{POL}}
|align="right"|{{nts|8164}}
|align="right"|{{nts|36477}}
|align="right"|{{nts|86324}}
|align="right"|{{nts|63324}}
|align="right"|{{nts|53418}}
|align="right"|[[Polish minority in Spain|Poles in Spain]]
|-
|border = "1"|{{flagicon|EU}}{{NED}} 
|align="right"|{{nts|21763}}
|align="right"|{{nts|33845}}
|align="right"|{{nts|53983}}
|align="right"|{{nts|45844}}
|align="right"|{{nts|46891}}
|align="right"|-
|-
|border = "1"|{{USA}} 
|align="right"|{{nts|15720}}
|align="right"|{{nts|25831}}
|align="right"|{{nts|25771}}
|align="right"|{{nts|30183}}
|align="right"|{{nts|40712}}
|align="right"|[[Americans in Spain]]
|-
|border = "1" style="background:#9DBEC3;" |'''TOTAL'''
|  style="text-align:right; background:#9dbec3;"|{{nts|923879}}
|  style="text-align:right; background:#9dbec3;"|{{nts|3730610}}
|  style="text-align:right; background:#9dbec3;"|{{nts|5747734}}
|  style="text-align:right; background:#9dbec3;"|{{nts|4729644}}
|  style="text-align:right; background:#9dbec3;"|{{nts|5036878}}
|}

* [http://www.ine.es/prensa/np503.pdf]

=== From other countries ===
==== Europe ====
[[European Union]] member states are indicated with the EU flag in regional European sub-divisions.

{| class="wikitable sortable"
|-
!  style="text-align:center; background:#9dbec3;"|Origin
!  style="text-align:center; background:#9dbec3;"|2007 
!  style="text-align:center; background:#9dbec3;"|2006 
!  style="text-align:center; background:#9dbec3;"| {{Abbr|Ref.|References}}
|-
|border = "1"|{{ALB}} 
|align="right"|{{nts|1353}}
|align="right"|{{nts|1316}}
| <ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.ine.es/jaxi/Datos.htm?path=/t20/e245/p08/l0/&file=01005.px |title=Población extranjera por Nacionalidad, Sexo y Año. |access-date=7 June 2019 |work=[[Instituto Nacional de Estadística (Spain)|Instituto Nacional de Estadística]] |language=es |archive-date=13 December 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191213002055/http://www.ine.es/jaxi/Datos.htm?path=/t20/e245/p08/l0/&file=01005.px |url-status=live }}</ref>
|-
|border = "1"|{{AND}} 
|align="right"|{{nts|1022}}
|align="right"|{{nts|1075}}
|-
|border = "1"|{{flagicon|EU}}{{AUT}} 
|align="right"|{{nts|8651}}
|align="right"|{{nts|7776}}
|-
|border = "1"|{{BLR}} 
|align="right"|{{nts|3135}}
|align="right"|{{nts|3262}}
|-
|border = "1"|{{BIH}} 
|align="right"|{{nts|1659}}
|align="right"|{{nts|1827}}
|-
|border = "1"|{{flagicon|EU}}{{CRO}} 
|align="right"|{{nts|1649}}
|align="right"|{{nts|1788}}
|-
|border = "1"|{{flagicon|EU}}{{CYP}} 
|align="right"|{{nts|146}}
|align="right"|{{nts|130}}
|-
|border = "1"|{{flagicon|EU}}{{CZE}}
|align="right"|{{nts|6423}}
|align="right"|{{nts|5160}}
|-
|border = "1"|{{flagicon|EU}}{{DEN}}
|align="right"|{{nts|10906}}
|align="right"|{{nts|9977}}
|-
|border = "1"|{{flagicon|EU}}{{EST}} 
|align="right"|{{nts|984}}
|align="right"|{{nts|784}}
|-
|border = "1"|{{flagicon|EU}}{{FIN}} 
|align="right"|{{nts|9990}}
|align="right"|{{nts|9313}}
|-
|border = "1"|{{GEO}} 
|align="right"|{{nts|7355}}
|align="right"|{{nts|6284}}
|align="right"|
|-
|border = "1"|{{flagicon|EU}}{{GRE}}
|align="right"|{{nts|3567}}
|align="right"|{{nts|3027}}
|-
|border = "1"|{{flagicon|EU}}{{HUN}} 
|align="right"|{{nts|4597}}
|align="right"|{{nts|3344}}
|-
|border = "1"|{{ISL}} 
|align="right"|{{nts|1083}}
|align="right"|{{nts|920}}
|-
|border = "1"|{{flagicon|EU}}{{IRL}} 
|align="right"|{{nts|13279}}
|align="right"|{{nts|11495}}
|-
|border = "1"|{{flagicon|EU}}{{LAT}}
|align="right"|{{nts|2128}}
|align="right"|{{nts|1741}}
|-
|border = "1"|{{LIE}} 
|align="right"|{{nts|48}}
|align="right"|{{nts|117}}
|-
|border = "1"|{{flagicon|EU}}{{LTU}}
|align="right"|{{nts|18528}}
|align="right"|{{nts|15200}}
|-
|border = "1"|{{flagicon|EU}}{{LUX}} 
|align="right"|{{nts|562}}
|align="right"|{{nts|1336}}
|-
|border = "1"|{{MKD}} 
|align="right"|{{nts|407}}
|align="right"|{{nts|440}}
|-
|border = "1"|{{flagicon|EU}}{{MLT}} 
|align="right"|{{nts|152}}
|align="right"|{{nts|129}}
|-
|border = "1"|{{MDA}} 
|align="right"|{{nts|12801}}
|align="right"|{{nts|11330}}
|-
|border = "1"|{{NOR}} 
|align="right"|{{nts|15630}}
|align="right"|{{nts|14154}}
|-
|border = "1"|{{SRB}} 
|align="right"|{{nts|3133}}
|align="right"|{{nts|3474}}
|-
|border = "1"|{{flagicon|EU}}{{SVK}} 
|align="right"|{{nts|5999}}
|align="right"|{{nts|4515}}
|-
|border = "1"|{{flagicon|EU}}{{SLO}}
|align="right"|{{nts|799}}
|align="right"|{{nts|619}}
|-
|border = "1"|{{flagicon|EU}}{{SWE}}
|align="right"|{{nts|20058}}
|align="right"|{{nts|18096}}
|-
|border = "1"|{{SUI}} 
|align="right"|{{nts|16361}}
|align="right"|{{nts|15385}}
|-
|border = "1"|[[Europe|Rest of European countries]]
|align="right"|{{nts|66}}
|align="right"|{{nts|83}}
|-
|border = "1" style="background:#9DBEC3;" |'''TOTAL EUROPE'''
|  style="text-align:right; background:#9dbec3;"|{{nts|1895727}}
|  style="text-align:right; background:#9dbec3;"|{{nts|1609856}}
|}

==== Africa ====
{| class="wikitable sortable"
|-
!  style="text-align:center; background:#9dbec3;"|Origin
!  style="text-align:center; background:#9dbec3;"|2007
!  style="text-align:center; background:#9dbec3;"|2006 
!  style="text-align:center; background:#9dbec3;"|Article
|-
|border = "1"|{{ANG}} 
|align="right"|{{nts|2114}}
|align="right"|{{nts|3698}}
|align="right"| 
|-
|border = "1"|{{CPV}} 
|align="right"|{{nts|2998}}
|align="right"|{{nts|3611}}
|align="right"| 
|-
|border = "1"|{{CMR}} 
|align="right"|{{nts|4029}}
|align="right"|{{nts|3955}}
|align="right"| 
|-
|border = "1"|{{CGO}} 
|align="right"|{{nts|1801}}
|align="right"|{{nts|1888}}
|align="right"| 
|-
|border = "1"|{{CIV}} 
|align="right"|{{nts|1636}}
|align="right"|{{nts|1759}}
|align="right"| 
|-
|border = "1"|{{EGY}} 
|align="right"|{{nts|2566}}
|align="right"|{{nts|3634}}
|align="right"|[[Arabs in Spain|Egyptians in Spain]] 
|-
|border = "1"|{{GAM}} 
|align="right"|{{nts|17393}}
|align="right"|{{nts|13627}}
|align="right"| 
|-
|border = "1"|{{GHA}} 
|align="right"|{{nts|12699}}
|align="right"|{{nts|13133}}
|align="right"| 
|-
|border = "1"|{{GUI}} 
|align="right"|{{nts|9159}}
|align="right"|{{nts|9901}}
|align="right"| 
|-
|border = "1"|{{GEQ}} 
|align="right"|{{nts|13129}}
|align="right"|{{nts|19456}}
|align="right"|[[Spanish Equatoguineans]]
|-
|border = "1"|{{GBS}} 
|align="right"|{{nts|5229}}
|align="right"|{{nts|5274}}
|align="right"| 
|-
|border = "1"|{{LBR}} 
|align="right"|{{nts|581}}
|align="right"|{{nts|1167}}
|align="right"| 
|-
|border = "1"|{{MLI}} 
|align="right"|{{nts|17094}}
|align="right"|{{nts|14497}}
|align="right"| 
|-
|border = "1"|{{MTN}} 
|align="right"|{{nts|9271}}
|align="right"|{{nts|9308}}
|align="right"| 
|-
|border = "1"|{{flag|COD|name=DR Congo}} 
|align="right"|{{nts|1008}}
|align="right"|{{nts|1548}}
|align="right"| 
|-
|border = "1"|{{SLE}} 
|align="right"|{{nts|989}}
|align="right"|{{nts|1487}}
|align="right"| 
|-
|border = "1"|{{RSA}} 
|align="right"|{{nts|704}}
|align="right"|{{nts|2086}}
|align="right"| 
|-
|border = "1"|{{TUN}} 
|align="right"|{{nts|1544}}
|align="right"|{{nts|2194}}
|align="right"|[[Arabs in Spain|Tunisians in Spain]] 
|-
|border = "1"|[[Africa|Rest of African countries]]
|align="right"|{{nts|5041}}
|align="right"|{{nts|8679}}
|align="right"| 
|-
|border = "1" style="background:#9DBEC3;" |'''TOTAL'''
|  style="text-align:right; background:#9dbec3;"|{{nts|806.795}}
|  style="text-align:right; background:#9dbec3;"|
|  style="text-align:right; background:#9dbec3;"|
|}
* '''Source: [https://web.https://www.webcitation.org/5dzZdiz9T?url=http://www.ine.es/jaxi/tabla.do]{{Dead link|date=November 2022 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}'''

==== Central America ====
{| class="wikitable sortable"
|-
!  style="text-align:center; background:#9dbec3;"|Origin
!  style="text-align:center; background:#9dbec3;"|2007
!  style="text-align:center; background:#9dbec3;"|2006 
|-
|border = "1"|{{flagicon|Costa Rica}} [[Costa Rica]]
|align="right"|{{nts|1320}}
|align="right"|{{nts|2373}}
|-
|border = "1"|{{flagicon|El Salvador}} [[El Salvador]]
|align="right"|{{nts|3795}}
|align="right"|{{nts|5102}}
|-
|border = "1"|{{flagicon|Guatemala}} [[Guatemala]]
|align="right"|{{nts|2417}}
|align="right"|{{nts|4321}}
|-
|border = "1"|{{flagicon|Honduras}} [[Honduras]]
|align="right"|{{nts|14253}}
|align="right"|{{nts|10652}}
|-
|border = "1"|{{flagicon|Nicaragua}} [[Nicaragua]]
|align="right"|{{nts|4547}}
|align="right"|{{nts|4204}}
|-
|border = "1"|{{flagicon|Panama}} [[Panama]]
|align="right"|{{nts|1794}}
|align="right"|{{nts|3520}}
|-
|border = "1"|[[Central America|Rest of Central America countries]]
|align="right"|{{nts|1002}}
|align="right"|{{nts|2517}}
|-
|border = "1" style="background:#9DBEC3;" |'''TOTAL'''
|  style="text-align:right; background:#9dbec3;"|{{nts|139.945}}
|  style="text-align:right; background:#9dbec3;"| 
|}

==== North America ====
{| class="wikitable sortable"
|-
!  style="text-align:center; background:#9dbec3;"|Origin
!  style="text-align:center; background:#9dbec3;"|2007
!  style="text-align:center; background:#9dbec3;"|2006 
|-
|border = "1"|{{flagicon|Canada}} [[Canada]]
|align="right"|{{nts|2419}}
|align="right"|{{nts|5420}}
|-
|border = "1"|{{flagicon|USA}} [[United States]]
|align="right"|{{nts|22082}}
|align="right"|{{nts|32626}}
|-
|border = "1"|{{flagicon|Mexico}} [[Mexico]]
|align="right"|{{nts|21107}}
|align="right"|{{nts|40574}}
|-
|border = "1" style="background:#9DBEC3;" |'''TOTAL'''
|  style="text-align:right; background:#9dbec3;"|{{nts|45.608}}
|  style="text-align:right; background:#9dbec3;"| 
|}

==== Asia ====
{| class="wikitable sortable"
|-
!  style="text-align:center; background:#9dbec3;"|Origin
!  style="text-align:center; background:#9dbec3;"|2007
!  style="text-align:center; background:#9dbec3;"|2006 
!  style="text-align:center; background:#9dbec3;"|Article
|-
|border = "1"|{{ARM}} 
|align="right"|{{nts|9582}}
|align="right"|{{nts|9365}}
|align="right"|[[Armenians in Spain]]
|-
|border = "1"|{{flag|Philippines}}
|align="right"|{{nts|54385}}
|align="right"|{{nts|51368}}
|align="right"|[[Filipino Spaniards|Filipinos in Spain]]
|-
|border = "1"|{{flagicon|South Korea}} [[South Korea]]
|align="right"|{{nts|22465}}
|align="right"|{{nts|13144}}
|align="right"|[[Koreans in Spain]]
|-
|border = "1"|{{flagicon|India}} [[India]]
|align="right"|{{nts|21296}}
|align="right"|{{nts|23296}}
|align="right"| [[Indians in Spain]]
|-
|border = "1"|{{flagicon|Bangladesh}} [[Bangladesh]]
|align="right"|{{nts|6480}}
|align="right"|{{nts|6130}}
|align="right"| 
|-
|border = "1"|{{flagicon|Iran}} [[Iran]]
|align="right"|{{nts|12334}}
|align="right"|{{nts|4568}}
|align="right"|[[Iranians in Spain]]
|-
|border = "1"|{{flagicon|Iraq}} [[Iraq]]
|align="right"|{{nts|880}}
|align="right"|{{nts|1706}}
|align="right"|[[Arabs in Spain|Iraqi people in Spain]]
|-
|border = "1"|{{flagicon|Israel}} [[Israel]]
|align="right"|{{nts|1713}}
|align="right"|{{nts|2427}}
|align="right"| 
|-
|border = "1"|{{flagicon|Japan}} [[Japan]]
|align="right"|{{nts|11636}}
|align="right"|{{nts|7684}}
|align="right"|[[Japanese Spaniards]]
|-
|border = "1"|{{flagicon|Jordan}} [[Jordan]]
|align="right"|{{nts|1088}}
|align="right"|{{nts|2082}}
|align="right"|[[Arabs in Spain|Jordanian people in Spain]]
|-
|border = "1"|{{flagicon|Lebanon}} [[Lebanon]]
|align="right"|{{nts|6250}}
|align="right"|{{nts|2750}}
|align="right"|[[Lebanese people in Spain]]
|-
|border = "1"|{{flagicon|Syria}} [[Syria]]
|align="right"|{{nts|6129}}
|align="right"|{{nts|4575}}
|align="right"|[[Arabs in Spain|Syrian people in Spain]] 
|-
|border = "1"|{{TUR}} 
|align="right"|{{nts|1758}}
|align="right"|{{nts|1656}}
|align="right"|[[Turks in Spain]]
|-
|border = "1"|[[Asia|Rest of Asian countries]]
|align="right"|{{nts|6430}}
|align="right"|{{nts|2517}}
|align="right"| 
|-
|border = "1" style="background:#9DBEC3;" |'''TOTAL'''
|  style="text-align:right; background:#9dbec3;"|{{nts|219.843}}
|  style="text-align:right; background:#9dbec3;"| 
|  style="text-align:right; background:#9dbec3;"| 
|}

==== Oceania ====
{| class="wikitable sortable"
|-
!  style="text-align:center; background:#9dbec3;"|Origin
!  style="text-align:center; background:#9dbec3;"|2007
!  style="text-align:center; background:#9dbec3;"|2006 
|-
|border = "1"|{{flagicon|Australia}} [[Australia]]
|align="right"|{{nts|1455}}
|align="right"|{{nts|5131}}
|-
|border = "1"|{{flagicon|New Zealand}} [[New Zealand]]
|align="right"|{{nts|301}}
|align="right"|{{nts|298}}
|-
|border = "1"|[[Oceania|Rest of Oceanian countries]]
|align="right"|{{nts|494}}
|align="right"|{{nts|1099}}
|-
|border = "1" style="background:#9DBEC3;" |'''TOTAL'''
|  style="text-align:right; background:#9dbec3;"|{{nts|2.271}}
|  style="text-align:right; background:#9dbec3;"| 
|}

==Comparison with other countries from European Union==
According to [[Eurostat]] 47.3 million people lived in the [[European Union]] in 2010 who were born outside their resident country. This corresponds to 9.4% of the total EU population. Of these, 31.4 million (6.3%) were born outside the EU and 16.0 million (3.2%) were born in another EU member state. The largest absolute numbers of people born outside the EU were in Germany (6.4 million), France (5.1 million), the United Kingdom (4.7 million), Spain (4.1 million), Italy (3.2 million), and the Netherlands (1.4 million).<ref name="auto"/>

{| class="wikitable sortable" 
|-
!Country!!Total population (millions)!!Total Foreign-born (millions)!!%!!Born in other EU state (millions)!!%!!Born in a non EU state (millions)!!%
|-
| [[Germany]]||81.802||9.812||12.0||3.396||4.2||6.415||7.8
|-
| [[France]]||64.716||7.196||11.1||2.118||3.3||5.078||7.8
|-
| [[United Kingdom]]||62.008||7.012||11.3||2.245||3.6||4.767||7.7
|-
| [[Spain]]||45.989||6.422||14.0||2.328||5.1||4.094||8.9
|-
| [[Italy]]||60.343||4.798||8.0||1.592||2.6||3.205||5.3
|-
| [[Netherlands]]||16.575||1.832||11.1||0.428||2.6||1.404||8.5
|-
| [[Greece]]||11.305||1.256||11.1||0.315||2.8||0.940||8.3
|-
| [[Sweden]]||9.340||1.337||14.3||0.477||5.1||0.859||9.2
|-
| [[Austria]]||8.367||1.276||15.2||0.512||6.1||0.764||9.1
|-
| [[Belgium]] ||10.666||1.380||12.9||0.695||6.5||0.685||6.4
|-
| [[Portugal]]||10.637||0.793||7.5||0.191||1.8||0.602||5.7
|-
| [[Denmark]]||5.534||0.500||9.0||0.152||2.8||0.348||6.3
|-class="sortbottom"
| '''EU 27'''||'''501.098'''||'''47.348'''||'''9.4'''||'''15.980'''||'''3.2'''||'''31.368'''||'''6.3'''
|}

== Irregular migration ==
{{See also|External border of the European Union}}The concept of an "irregular", "undocumented", or "illegal" migrant did not become meaningful in Spain's social imagination until the passing of the {{lang|es|Ley de Extranjería}} in 1985, a year before [[1986 enlargement of the European Communities|Spain's entry into the European Communities]].<ref>{{Cite journal|url=https://revistas.usc.gal/index.php/rge/article/view/6143|first1=Elena|last1=Inglada Galiana|first2=José Manuel|last2=Sastre Centeno|first3=Maria Cristina de|last3=Miguel Bilbao|title=La inmigración irregular en España y Europa: situación y perspectiva|journal=Revista Galega de Economia|issn=2255-5951|volume=28|issue=1|year=2019|doi=10.15304/rge.28.1.6143|trans-title=Illegal immigration in Spain and Europe: Situation and outlook|pages=121–122|doi-access=free|access-date=19 November 2022|archive-date=19 November 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221119230948/https://revistas.usc.gal/index.php/rge/article/view/6143|url-status=live}}</ref>

Even though the main paths for the entry of clandestine migration have traditionally been airports and land borders, the sea route has proven to have a "profound impact at the social level" owing to qualitative, rather than quantitative, reasons.{{Sfn|Inglada Galiana|Sastre Centeno|Miguel Bilbao|2019|p=125}}

Regarding the governance of the migration of [[Sub-Sahara]]n people from [[Morocco]] (and Western Sahara) into Spain (which include crossings into the autonomous cities of [[Ceuta]] and [[Melilla]], as well as a sea route to the [[Canary Islands]]), the Moroccan and Spanish authorities follow [[necropolitics|necropolitical forms]] of [[border control]] which are complemented with the favouring of the idea of "advancing borders" by reaching deals with origin or transit countries such as [[Guinea Conakry]], [[Mali]], [[Ivory Coast]], and [[Gambia]].<ref>{{Cite book|title=Border Crossings and Mobilities on Screen|editor-first=Ruxandra|editor-last=Trandafoiu|publisher=[[Routledge]]|year=2022|chapter=Physical, affective and symbolic immobility in the videos made by Sub-Saharan migrants at the EU external borders in Northern Africa|doi=10.4324/9781003127703|pages=28–29; 34|first1=Miguel|last1=Fernández Labayen|first2=Irene|last2=Gutiérrez|isbn=9781003127703 |s2cid=248337838 }}</ref>

On 9 October 2024, Spanish Prime Minister [[Pedro Sánchez]] urged the European Parliament to speed up the implementation of the [[New Pact on Migration and Asylum]] to alleviate the migration crisis in the Canary Islands,<ref>{{cite news |title=Sánchez to seek urgent fix for Canary Islands migration crisis |url=https://www.euractiv.com/section/politics/news/sanchez-to-seek-urgent-fix-for-canary-islands-migration-crisis/ |work=Euractiv |date=10 January 2024}}</ref> which had seen the illegal arrival of a record number of 46,843 migrants, mostly from [[Senegal]], [[Mali]] and [[Morocco]] (up from 39,910 in 2023).<ref>{{cite news |title=Spain's Canary Islands received record 46,843 migrants in 2024: ministry |url=https://www.france24.com/en/live-news/20250102-spain-s-canary-islands-received-record-46-843-migrants-in-2024-ministry |work=France 24 |date=2 January 2025}}</ref> Sánchez tried to push through a law that would introduce mandatory distribution of migrants among Spanish regions in order to alleviate pressure in the Canary Islands.<ref>{{cite news |title=Spanish leader Sanchez meets with Canary Islands leader as migrant arrivals soar |url=https://www.euronews.com/my-europe/2024/08/23/spanish-leader-sanchez-meets-with-canary-islands-leader-as-migrant-arrivals-soar |work=Euronews |date=23 August 2024}}</ref>

The [[Third government of Pedro Sánchez|Sánchez government]] planned to legalize around 900,000 undocumented migrants by 2027.<ref>{{cite news |title=Spain to grant residency and work permits to around 300,000 undocumented migrants per year |url=https://www.euronews.com/my-europe/2024/04/11/eu-countries-not-enforcing-migration-pact-could-face-legal-action-says-johansson |work=Euronews |date=4 November 2024}}</ref>

== Naturalizations ==

From 2005 to 2022 alone, more than 2.2 million foreigners were granted [[Spanish citizenship]] through naturalization.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.ine.es/dyngs/INEbase/es/operacion.htm?c=Estadistica_C&cid=1254736177001&menu=ultiDatos&idp=1254735573002|title=Estadística de adquisiciones de nacionalidad española de residentes. Año 2022|website=INE|access-date=5 July 2023|archive-date=6 July 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230706152612/https://ine.es/dyngs/INEbase/es/operacion.htm?c=Estadistica_C&cid=1254736177001&menu=ultiDatos&idp=1254735573002|url-status=live}}</ref>

Since the end of the 20th century the number of foreigners who have obtained Spanish nationality has grown steadily, as Spain has been the [[European Union|EU]] country with the biggest number of approved naturalizations since 2010 until 2015. 1 out of 4 naturalizations made in the [[European Union]] in 2014 were belonging to Spain. Most of these naturalizations went to citizens coming from [[Latin America]] (which explains the massive decrease of these citizens counting as immigrants in Spain) mainly from [[Colombia]], [[Ecuador]] and [[Peru]], although [[Morocco]] was amongst the top 3 as well.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.elperiodico.com/es/sociedad/20160613/espana-fue-el-pais-de-la-ue-que-mas-nacionalidades-concedio-5201076 |title=Uno de cada cuatro extranjeros que obtuvieron la nacionalidad en la UE en 2014 la lograron en España |first=Silvia |last=Martínez |date=13 June 2016 |access-date=7 June 2019 |newspaper=[[El Periódico (Spain)|El Periódico]] |language=es |publisher=Grupo Zeta |archive-date=22 April 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190422073838/https://www.elperiodico.com/es/sociedad/20160613/espana-fue-el-pais-de-la-ue-que-mas-nacionalidades-concedio-5201076 |url-status=live }}</ref> After 4 years being the first, Spain dropped to the 3rd position in 2015 due to the stricter laws to naturalize citizens. Still, 114.351 foreigners became Spanish citizens in 2015, the majority being [[Latin Americans]].<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.europapress.es/epsocial/migracion/noticia-espana-fue-tercer-pais-ue-mas-extranjeros-nacionalizo-2015-eurostat-20170421124729.html |title=España fue el tercer país de la UE que más extranjeros nacionalizó en 2015, según Eurostat |date=23 April 2017 |access-date=7 June 2019 |newspaper=[[Europa Press (news agency)|Europa Press]] |language=es |archive-date=8 April 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190408120229/https://www.europapress.es/epsocial/migracion/noticia-espana-fue-tercer-pais-ue-mas-extranjeros-nacionalizo-2015-eurostat-20170421124729.html |url-status=live }}</ref>

{| class="wikitable sortable"
|+New Spanish nationals by naturalization, 2005-2021<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.ine.es/jaxi/Datos.htm?path=/t20/e245/p08/l0/&file=01006.px |title=Población (españoles/extranjeros) por País de Nacimiento, sexo y año |work=[[Instituto Nacional de Estadística (Spain)|Instituto Nacional de Estadística]] |access-date=7 June 2019 |archive-date=21 April 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170421000624/http://www.ine.es/jaxi/Datos.htm?path=%2Ft20%2Fe245%2Fp08%2Fl0%2F&file=01006.px |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.ine.es/jaxiT3/Datos.htm?t=15071#!tabs-tabla|title=Adquisiciones de nacionalidad por sexo y nacionalidad previa(15071)|website=INE|access-date=20 January 2021|archive-date=9 June 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220609050619/https://www.ine.es/jaxiT3/Datos.htm?t=15071#!tabs-tabla|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.ine.es/jaxiT3/Datos.htm?t=15071|publisher=[[INE (Spain)|INE]]|title=Estadística de adquisiciones de nacionalidad española de residentes|access-date=19 November 2022|archive-date=9 June 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220609050619/https://www.ine.es/jaxiT3/Datos.htm?t=15071|url-status=live}}</ref>
! Year
! {{center|Naturalizations}}
|-
|-
!2005
| align= right | 42,829
|-
!2006
| align = "right" | 62,339
|-
!2007
| align = "right" | 71,810
|-
!2008
| align = "right" | 84,170
|-
!2009
| align = "right" | 79,597
|-
!2010
| align = "right" | 123,721
|-
!2011
| align = "right" | 114,599
|-
!2012
| align = "right" | 115,557
|-
!2013
| align = "right" | 261,295
|-
!2014
| align = "right" | 205,880
|-
!2015
| align = "right" | 114,351
|-
!2016
| align = "right" | 150,944
|-
!2017
| align = "right" | 66,498
|-
!2018
| align = "right" | 90,774
|-
!2019
| align = "right" | 98,954
|-
!2020
| align = "right" | 126,266
|-
!2021
| align = "right" | 202,336
|-
!2022
| align = "right" | 181,581
|}

==Immigration detention==
{{excerpt|Immigration detention|Spain}}

==Crime rates==
{{excerpt|Immigration and crime|Spain}}

==See also==
{{Portal|Spain}}
* [[Opposition to immigration]]
* [[Remigration]]
* [[Demographics of Spain]]
* [[Immigration to Europe]]
* [[Spanish nationality law]]
* [[List of countries by immigrant population]]
* [[List of sovereign states and dependent territories by fertility rate]]

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
* [http://www.teranga.jimdo.com ASESER Teranga: Asociación de Inmigrantes Senegaleses Residentes en A Coruña] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161219123710/http://teranga.jimdo.com/ |date=19 December 2016 }}

{{Immigration to Spain}}
{{Spain topics}}
{{Immigration to Europe}}
{{Commons category|Immigration in Spain}}

[[Category:Immigration to Spain| ]]
[[Category:Demographics of Spain]]
[[Category:Ethnic groups in Spain]]