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{{Infobox monarch|
| name         = Hummay
| succession   = ''[[List of mais of Kanem–Bornu|Mai]]'' of the [[Kanem–Bornu Empire]]
| reign        = 1085–1097
| predecessor  = [[Abd al-Jalil I of Kanem|Abd al-Jalil I]]
| successor    = [[Dunama I Umemi]]
| spouse       = Kinta
| issue        = [[Dunama I Umemi]]
| house        = [[Sayfawa dynasty]]
| house-type   = Dynasty
| father       = [[Abd al-Jalil I of Kanem|Abd al-Jalil I]] (?)
| mother       = Tigiram (?)
}}
'''Hummay''' (Hummay bin ʿAbd al-Jalīl), also referred to as '''Umme''', '''Houmé''' or '''Hume''', was the ''[[List of mais of Kanem–Bornu|mai]]'' of the [[Kanem–Bornu Empire]] in 1085–1097.<ref name=":0">{{Cite book |last=Stewart |first=John |title=African States and Rulers: An Encyclopedia of Native, Colonial and Independent States and Rulers Past and Present |publisher=McFarland & Company |year=1989 |pp=146}}</ref><ref name=":02">{{Cite book |last=Bosworth |first=Clifford Edmund |url=https://www.google.com/books/edition/New_Islamic_Dynasties/maQxEAAAQBAJ |title=The New Islamic Dynasties: A Chronological and Genealogical Manual |date=2012 |publisher=Edinburgh University Press |year= |isbn=0-7486-2137-7 |pages=126 |orig-year=1996}}</ref> 

== Life ==
Hummay is considered to be the founder of a new dynastic line in Kanem, the [[Sayfawa dynasty]].<ref name=":4">{{Cite book |last=Insoll |first=Timothy |title=The Archaeology of Islam in Sub-Saharan Africa |publisher=Cambridge University Press |year=2003 |isbn=0-521-65171-9 |pages=273 |chapter=}}</ref> Although he was of [[Kanembu people|Kanembu]] origin,<ref>{{Cite book |last=Nave |first=Ari |title=Africana: The Encyclopedia of the African and African American Experience |publisher=Oxford University Press |year=2005 |isbn=978-0-19-517055-9 |location= |pages=17 |chapter=Chad}}</ref> Hummay and his dynasty claimed descent from a [[Yemenis|Yemeni]] noble named Saif ibn Dhi Yazan. other African dynasties of this time sometimes made similar claims to Arab origin as a source of prestige.<ref name=":4" />

Despite being seen as establishing a new dynasty, later sources indicate that Hummay was the son of his predecessor, [[Abd al-Jalil I of Kanem|Abd al-Jalil I]]<ref name=":1">{{Cite book |last=Barth |first=Heinrich |url=https://www.google.com/books/edition/Travels_and_Discoveries_in_North_and_Cen/la_zIUj0oiwC |title=Travels and Discoveries in North and Central Africa: Being a Journal of an Expedition Undertaken... 1849-1855 |date=1857 |publisher=Longmans |pages=634 |language=en}}</ref><ref name=":2">{{Cite book |last=Cohen |first=Ronald |url=https://archive.org/details/bostonuniversity02bost |title=Boston University Papers on Africa: Volume II: African History |date=1966 |publisher=Boston University Press |pages=73, 80, 82 |chapter=The Bornu King Lists}}</ref> and Abd al-Jalil's consort Tigiram.<ref name=":2" /> The "dynastic shift" has sometimes been attributed to religion, with Hummay perhaps being the empire's first Muslim ruler.<ref name=":1" /> This is incorrect, however, since both Abd al-Jalil and Abd al-Jalil's predecessor [[Hu of Kanem|Hu]] were Muslim.<ref name=":4" /> The spread of Islam during Hummay's reign apparently provoked some dissension in the empire, which caused the [[Toubou people]] to break from imperial rule and move east.<ref name=":3" /> 

Hummay's consort was named Kinta<ref name=":2" /> and was of Toubou origin.<ref name=":03">{{Cite book |url=https://unesdoc.unesco.org/ark:/48223/pf0000184287 |title=General history of Africa, IV: Africa from the twelfth to the sixteenth century |date= |website= |publisher=University of California |year=1984 |isbn=978-92-3-101710-0 |editor-last=Niane |editor-first=Djibril Tamsir |pages=244 |language=en |access-date=2024-02-20}}</ref> Hummay is said to have performed the [[Hajj]] twice. He died in Egypt during his third voyage, while accompanied by his son and successor [[Dunama I Umemi]].<ref name=":3">{{cite book |last1=Page |first1=Willie F. |editor1-last=Davis |editor1-first=R. Hunt |title=Encyclopedia of African History and Culture |date=2005 |publisher=Facts On File |page=231 |edition=Illustrated, revised}}</ref> 

==References==
{{reflist}}{{Kanem–Bornu rulers}}
[[Category:Rulers of the Kanem Empire]]
[[Category:11th-century monarchs in Africa]]

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