View source for Complement component 1s

{{cs1 config|name-list-style=vanc}}
{{Short description|Protein found in humans}}
{{Infobox_gene}}
'''Complement component 1s''' ({{EC number|3.4.21.42}}, ''[[C1 esterase]]'', ''activated complement C1s'', ''complement C overbar 1r'', '''''C1s''''') is a [[protein]] involved in the [[complement system]]. C1s is part of the [[C1 complex]].<ref>{{cite book | vauthors = Sim RB | chapter = The human complement system serine proteases and their proenzymes | title = Proteolytic Enzymes, Part C | series = Methods in Enzymology | volume = 80 Pt C | pages = 26–42 | year = 1981 | pmid = 6281620 | doi = 10.1016/s0076-6879(81)80006-7 | isbn = 9780121819804 }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Mackinnon CM, Carter PE, Smyth SJ, Dunbar B, Fothergill JE | title = Molecular cloning of cDNA for human complement component C1s. The complete amino acid sequence | journal = European Journal of Biochemistry | volume = 169 | issue = 3 | pages = 547–53 | date = December 1987 | pmid = 3500856 | doi = 10.1111/j.1432-1033.1987.tb13644.x | doi-access = free }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Müller-Eberhard HJ | title = Molecular organization and function of the complement system | journal = Annual Review of Biochemistry | volume = 57 | pages = 321–47 | year = 1988 | pmid = 3052276 | doi = 10.1146/annurev.bi.57.070188.001541 }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Skoog MT, Mehdi S, Wiseman JS, Bey P | title = The specificity of two proteinases that cleave adjacent to arginine, C1 esterase and acrosin, for peptide p-nitroanilide substrates | journal = Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Protein Structure and Molecular Enzymology | volume = 996 | issue = 1–2 | pages = 89–94 | date = June 1989 | pmid = 2500154 | doi = 10.1016/0167-4838(89)90099-x }}</ref> In humans, it is encoded by the ''C1S'' [[gene]].<ref>{{cite web | title = Entrez Gene: C1S Complement component 1, s subcomponent| url = https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=716}}</ref>

C1s cleaves [[Complement component 4|C4]] and [[Complement component 2|C2]], which eventually leads to the production of the [[classical complement pathway|classical]] pathway [[C3-convertase]].

[[Image:Droga klasyczna.png|thumb|center|400px|Classical pathway. (Some labels are in Polish.)]]

== See also ==
* [[Complement component 1q|C1q]] - another part of the [[C1 complex]]
* [[Complement component 1r|C1r]] - another part of the C1 complex
* [[MASP2 (protein)|MASP-2]] - a protein similar to C1s, part of the [[lectin pathway]]

== References ==
{{reflist}}

== Further reading ==
{{refbegin | 2}}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Luo C, Thielens NM, Gagnon J, Gal P, Sarvari M, Tseng Y, Tosi M, Zavodszky P, Arlaud GJ, Schumaker VN | title = Recombinant human complement subcomponent C1s lacking beta-hydroxyasparagine, sialic acid, and one of its two carbohydrate chains still reassembles with C1q and C1r to form a functional C1 complex | journal = Biochemistry | volume = 31 | issue = 17 | pages = 4254–62 | date = May 1992 | pmid = 1533159 | doi = 10.1021/bi00132a015 }}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Illy C, Thielens NM, Gagnon J, Arlaud GJ | title = Effect of lactoperoxidase-catalyzed iodination on the Ca(2+)-dependent interactions of human C1s. Location of the iodination sites | journal = Biochemistry | volume = 30 | issue = 29 | pages = 7135–41 | date = July 1991 | pmid = 1854725 | doi = 10.1021/bi00243a014 }}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Hess D, Schaller J, Rickli EE | title = Identification of the disulfide bonds of human complement C1s | journal = Biochemistry | volume = 30 | issue = 11 | pages = 2827–33 | date = March 1991 | pmid = 2007122 | doi = 10.1021/bi00225a014 }}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Thielens NM, Van Dorsselaer A, Gagnon J, Arlaud GJ | title = Chemical and functional characterization of a fragment of C1-s containing the epidermal growth factor homology region | journal = Biochemistry | volume = 29 | issue = 14 | pages = 3570–8 | date = April 1990 | pmid = 2141278 | doi = 10.1021/bi00466a021 }}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Busby TF, Ingham KC | title = NH2-terminal calcium-binding domain of human complement C1s- mediates the interaction of C1r- with C1q | journal = Biochemistry | volume = 29 | issue = 19 | pages = 4613–8 | date = May 1990 | pmid = 2372546 | doi = 10.1021/bi00471a016 }}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Kusumoto H, Hirosawa S, Salier JP, Hagen FS, Kurachi K | title = Human genes for complement components C1r and C1s in a close tail-to-tail arrangement | journal = Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America | volume = 85 | issue = 19 | pages = 7307–11 | date = October 1988 | pmid = 2459702 | pmc = 282175 | doi = 10.1073/pnas.85.19.7307 | bibcode = 1988PNAS...85.7307K | doi-access = free }}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Katz Y, Strunk RC | title = Synthesis and regulation of C1 inhibitor in human skin fibroblasts | journal = Journal of Immunology | volume = 142 | issue = 6 | pages = 2041–5 | date = March 1989 | doi = 10.4049/jimmunol.142.6.2041 | pmid = 2537870 | doi-access = free }}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Tosi M, Duponchel C, Meo T, Couture-Tosi E | title = Complement genes C1r and C1s feature an intronless serine protease domain closely related to haptoglobin | journal = Journal of Molecular Biology | volume = 208 | issue = 4 | pages = 709–14 | date = August 1989 | pmid = 2553984 | doi = 10.1016/0022-2836(89)90161-7 }}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Tosi M, Duponchel C, Meo T, Julier C | title = Complete cDNA sequence of human complement Cls and close physical linkage of the homologous genes Cls and Clr | journal = Biochemistry | volume = 26 | issue = 26 | pages = 8516–24 | date = December 1987 | pmid = 2831944 | doi = 10.1021/bi00400a004 }}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Nguyen VC, Tosi M, Gross MS, Cohen-Haguenauer O, Jegou-Foubert C, de Tand MF, Meo T, Frézal J | title = Assignment of the complement serine protease genes C1r and C1s to chromosome 12 region 12p13 | journal = Human Genetics | volume = 78 | issue = 4 | pages = 363–8 | date = April 1988 | pmid = 2834284 | doi = 10.1007/BF00291737 | s2cid = 30582112 }}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Spycher SE, Nick H, Rickli EE | title = Human complement component C1s. Partial sequence determination of the heavy chain and identification of the peptide bond cleaved during activation | journal = European Journal of Biochemistry | volume = 156 | issue = 1 | pages = 49–57 | date = April 1986 | pmid = 3007145 | doi = 10.1111/j.1432-1033.1986.tb09546.x | doi-access = free }}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Mackinnon CM, Carter PE, Smyth SJ, Dunbar B, Fothergill JE | title = Molecular cloning of cDNA for human complement component C1s. The complete amino acid sequence | journal = European Journal of Biochemistry | volume = 169 | issue = 3 | pages = 547–53 | date = December 1987 | pmid = 3500856 | doi = 10.1111/j.1432-1033.1987.tb13644.x | doi-access = free }}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Kauffman D, Hofmann T, Bennick A, Keller P | title = Basic proline-rich proteins from human parotid saliva: complete covalent structures of proteins IB-1 and IB-6 | journal = Biochemistry | volume = 25 | issue = 9 | pages = 2387–92 | date = May 1986 | pmid = 3521730 | doi = 10.1021/bi00357a013 }}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Bock SC, Skriver K, Nielsen E, Thøgersen HC, Wiman B, Donaldson VH, Eddy RL, Marrinan J, Radziejewska E, Huber R | title = Human C1 inhibitor: primary structure, cDNA cloning, and chromosomal localization | journal = Biochemistry | volume = 25 | issue = 15 | pages = 4292–301 | date = July 1986 | pmid = 3756141 | doi = 10.1021/bi00363a018 }}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Carter PE, Dunbar B, Fothergill JE | title = The serine proteinase chain of human complement component C1s. Cyanogen bromide cleavage and N-terminal sequences of the fragments | journal = The Biochemical Journal | volume = 215 | issue = 3 | pages = 565–71 | date = December 1983 | pmid = 6362661 | pmc = 1152437 | doi = 10.1042/bj2150565 }}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Nilsson T, Sjöholm I, Wiman B | title = Structural and circular-dichroism studies on the interaction between human C1-esterase inhibitor and C1s | journal = The Biochemical Journal | volume = 213 | issue = 3 | pages = 617–24 | date = September 1983 | pmid = 6604523 | pmc = 1152176 | doi = 10.1042/bj2130617 }}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Rossi V, Gaboriaud C, Lacroix M, Ulrich J, Fontecilla-Camps JC, Gagnon J, Arlaud GJ | title = Structure of the catalytic region of human complement protease C1s: study by chemical cross-linking and three-dimensional homology modeling | journal = Biochemistry | volume = 34 | issue = 22 | pages = 7311–21 | date = June 1995 | pmid = 7779774 | doi = 10.1021/bi00022a004 }}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Bersch B, Hernandez JF, Marion D, Arlaud GJ | title = Solution structure of the epidermal growth factor (EGF)-like module of human complement protease C1r, an atypical member of the EGF family | journal = Biochemistry | volume = 37 | issue = 5 | pages = 1204–14 | date = February 1998 | pmid = 9477945 | doi = 10.1021/bi971851v }}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Endo Y, Takahashi M, Nakao M, Saiga H, Sekine H, Matsushita M, Nonaka M, Fujita T | title = Two lineages of mannose-binding lectin-associated serine protease (MASP) in vertebrates | journal = Journal of Immunology | volume = 161 | issue = 9 | pages = 4924–30 | date = November 1998 | doi = 10.4049/jimmunol.161.9.4924 | pmid = 9794427 | doi-access = free }}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Inoue N, Saito T, Masuda R, Suzuki Y, Ohtomi M, Sakiyama H | title = Selective complement C1s deficiency caused by homozygous four-base deletion in the C1s gene | journal = Human Genetics | volume = 103 | issue = 4 | pages = 415–8 | date = October 1998 | pmid = 9856483 | doi = 10.1007/s004390050843 | s2cid = 7689382 }}
{{refend}}

== External links ==
* {{MeshName|Complement+C1s}}
* {{UCSC gene info|C1S}}

{{PDB Gallery|geneid=716}}

{{Complement system}}
{{Serine endopeptidases}}
{{Enzymes}}
{{Portal bar|Biology|border=no}}

[[Category:Complement system]]
[[Category:EC 3.4.21]]


{{gene-12-stub}}