View source for Blowing a raspberry

{{Short description|Act of making a noise like flatulence}}
{{Redirect2|Bronx cheer|Razzberry|the Law & Order episode|Bronx Cheer (Law & Order){{!}}Bronx Cheer (''Law & Order'')|the fruit|Raspberry|"blue raspberry"|Blue raspberry (disambiguation){{!}}Blue raspberry}}
[[File:Blowing a raspberry.ogv|thumb|250px|alt=video|A man blowing a raspberry]]
{{Infobox IPA
| ipa symbol = ↀ͡r̪͆
| ipa symbol2 = ↀ
| ipa number = 
}}
{{Infobox IPA
| ipa symbol = r̼̊
| ipa symbol2 = ʙ̼̊
| ipa number = 122 + 407 + 402A
| decimal1 = 114
| decimal2 = 828
| decimal3 = 805
}}
{{IPA notice}}
A '''raspberry''' or '''razz''', also known as a '''[[Bronx]] cheer''', is a [[mouth noise]] similar to a [[fart]] that is used to signify [[wikt:derision|derision]]. It is also used as a [[voice exercise]] for singers and actors, where it may be called a '''raspberry trill''' or '''tongue trill'''.<ref>[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UxKJWylTjBY&t=208s]</ref> It is made by placing the tongue between the lips and blowing, so that it [[trill consonant|trills]] against the lower lip, and as a [[catcall]] in public arenas is sometimes made into the palm or back of the hand to amplify the volume. In Russia it is commonly accompanied by [[rolling the eyes|rolling the{{nbsp}}eyes]].<ref name=russia />

Blowing a raspberry is common to many countries around the world, including European and European-settled countries and Iran. In [[Anglophone countries]], it is associated with catcalling opposing sports teams, and with children. It is not used in any human language as a building block of words, apart from [[wikt:jocular|jocular]] exceptions such as the name of the {{nowr|comic-book}} character {{nowr|[[Joe Btfsplk]]}}. However, the vaguely similar [[bilabial trill]] (essentially blowing a raspberry with one's lips) is a regular [[consonant sound]] in a few{{nbsp}}dozen languages scattered around the world. 

[[Spike Jones and His City Slickers]] used a "[[birdaphone]]" to create this sound on their recording of "[[Der Fuehrer's Face|Der{{nbsp}}Fuehrer's Face]]", repeatedly lambasting [[Adolf Hitler]] with: "We'll ''[[Nazi salute|Heil]]!'' [{{hairsp|''Bronx{{nbsp}}cheer''}}] ''Heil!'' [{{hairsp|''Bronx{{nbsp}}cheer''}}] Right in Der{{nbsp}}Fuehrer's Face!"<ref>{{ cite web |first=David |last=Hinkley |title=Scorn and disdain: Spike Jones giffs Hitler der old birdaphone, 1942 |work=[[New York Daily News]] |date=March 3, 2004 |url=http://www.nydailynews.com/archives/news/2004/03/03/2004-03-03_scorn_and_disdain_spike_jone.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090408091714/https://www.nydailynews.com/archives/news/2004/03/03/2004-03-03_scorn_and_disdain_spike_jone.html |archive-date=April 8, 2009 |issn=2692-1251 |oclc=9541172 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite av media|url=https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc1633240/m1/|title=Pop Chronicles 1940s Program #5|first=John|last=Gilliland|date=April 14, 1972|website=[[UNT Digital Library]]|publisher=[[University of North Texas]]|id={{ARK|ark:/67531/metadc1633240/m1/}}}}</ref>

In the terminology of [[phonetics]], the raspberry has been described as a ([[pulmonic]]) [[Linguolabial consonant|labiolingual]] trill,<ref>{{cite book| last=Odden |first=David |title=Introducing Phonology |year=2005 |edition=1st |publisher=[[Cambridge University Press]] |publication-place=New York |isbn=978-0-511-10970-6 |p=130}}</ref> transcribed{{nbsp}}{{IPA|[r̼]}} or{{nbsp}}{{IPA|[r̼̊]}} (depending on [[voice (phonetics)|voicing]]) in the [[International Phonetic Alphabet]];{{efn|By analogy of the bridge above diacritic {{angbr IPA|◌͆}} used for [[dentolabial]]s in [[extIPA]], ''[[labiolingual]]s'' (with the tongue against the lower lip) may be transcribed ''ad hoc'' with the seagull above diacritic {{angbr IPA|◌᫥}}, to distinguish them from ''[[linguolabial]]s'' (with the tongue against the upper lip). The labiolingual trills can therefore be transcribed as {{IPA|[r᫥]}} and {{IPA|[r̥᫥]}}.}} and as a [[buccal speech|buccal]] interdental trill, transcribed{{nbsp}}{{IPA|[ↀ͡r̪͆]}} in the [[Extensions to the International Phonetic Alphabet]] (the {{abbr-link|ICPLA|International Clinical Phonetics and Linguistics Association}} suggests that{{nbsp}}{{IPA|[ↀ]}} may also be used alone as an abbreviation if a speaker frequently uses the sound).<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Ball |first1=Martin J. |author-link1=Martin J. Ball |last2=Howard |first2=Sara J. |last3=Miller |first3=Kirk |editor-first=Amalia |editor-last=Arvaniti |year=2018 |title=Revisions to the extIPA chart |journal=[[Journal of the International Phonetic Association]] |publisher=[[Cambridge University Press]] |volume=48 |issue=2 |pages=155–164 |doi=10.1017/S0025100317000147 |s2cid=151863976 |issn=0025-1003 |eissn=1475-3502 |lccn=74648541 |oclc=474783413 }}</ref> The {{langr|de|[[Knorkator]]}}{{nbsp}}song "{{langr|de|[Buchstabe]}}" (the actual title is a [[glyph]]) on the 1999{{nbsp}}album {{ill|Hasenchartbreaker|de|lt={{lang|de|Hasenchartbreaker|cat=no}}}} uses a voiced linguolabial trill to replace "br" in a number of [[German language|German]] words ([[e.g.]]{{nbsp}}{{IPA|[ˈr̼aːtkaʁtɔfl̩n]}} for [[Home fries|{{itco|{{lang|de|Bratkartoffeln|cat=no}}}}]]).

==Name==
The nomenclature varies by country. In most [[Anglophone countries]], it is known as a ''raspberry'', which is attested from {{nowr|at least 1890}},<ref>{{OED|raspberry}}</ref> and which in the United{{nbsp}}States had been shortened to ''[[wikt:razz|razz]]'' by{{nbsp}}1919.<ref>{{OED|razz}}</ref> The term originates in [[rhyming slang]], where "[[Raspberry tart|raspberry{{nbsp}}tart]]" means "[[fart]]".<ref>{{cite book |last=Holder |first=Robert W |date= |title=Dictionary of Euphemisms |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=_tSNa4kBx2IC&pg=PA318 |publisher=[[Oxford University Press]] |page=318 |isbn=978-0-19-923517-9 }}</ref> In the United{{nbsp}}States it has also been called a ''Bronx cheer'' since at least the early{{nbsp}}1920s.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.newspapers.com/image/457777070|title=All Chicago backs up its footballers|last=Runyon|first=Damon|date=19 Oct 1921|work=[[San Francisco Examiner]]|access-date=18 Jun 2019|agency=[[Universal Syndicate]]|page=19|quote=....the East will grin and give Western football the jolly old Bronx cheer.|via=[[Newspapers.com]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.newspapers.com/image/39276030|title=Wills looks like boob in Johnson bout|last=Farrell|first=Henry L.|date=30 Nov 1922|work=[[San Antonio Evening News]]|access-date=18 Jun 2019|agency=[[United Press]]|page=8|quote=While the crowd was giving vent to the 'Bronx cheer' and hurling garlands of raspberries from the gallery....|via=[[Newspapers.com]]}}</ref>

In [[Italian language|Italian]] it is known by the [[Neapolitan language|Neapolitan]] word {{lang|it|{{wikt-lang|it|pernacchia}}}}; in [[Spanish language|Spanish]] as {{lang|es|{{wikt-lang|es|pedorreta}}}} or {{langr|es|{{wikt-lang|es|trompetilla}}}}.

There is no particular word for it in [[Russian language|Russian]].<ref name=russia>Samokhina I. A. Combined techniques of transmitting cultural and historical realities in a fiction text // Foreign languages: linguistic and methodological aspects. Tver State University, 2014. No. 25. P271-273.</ref> There is also no direct equivalent in [[Korean language|Korean]].

==See also==
* [[Golden Raspberry Awards]], which are named after the term 
* {{anl|The Phantom Raspberry Blower of Old London Town|''The Phantom Raspberry Blower of Old London Town''}}
* {{anl|Flatulence humor}}

== Notes ==
{{notelist}}

==References==
{{reflist}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Blowing A Raspberry}}
[[Category:Flatulence]]
[[Category:Onomatopoeia]]
[[Category:Gestures]]
[[Category:Articles containing video clips]]
[[Category:Sounds by type]]
[[Category:Metaphors referring to food and drink]]
[[Category:Linguolabial consonants]]
{{#related:Rhyming slang}}