View source for 3 ft 6 in gauge railways

{{short description|Railway track gauge (1067 mm)}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=February 2021}}
{{Sidebar track gauge}}
[[File:JA1271 Opapa 16Feb2003 JChristianson.jpg|thumb|JA1271 with excursion consist climbing the [[Te Aute railway station#Te Aute bank|Opapa incline]] in New Zealand]]
[[File:GOT Tram 4 Descending 05-07-17 04.jpeg|thumb|Tram descending the [[Great Orme Tramway]]]]
[[File:Indian Pacific Perth, Western Australia.jpg|thumb|[[Dual gauge]] track in [[Perth]] Australia with both 3ft 6in and [[standard gauge]]]]
[[File:Japanese-national-railways-D51-498-20140518.jpg|thumb|A preserved Japanese [[JNR Class D51]] in main line service in 2014]]
[[File:SL hitoyoshi 09sum.jpg|thumb|Preserved Japanese nostalgia train [[SL Hitoyoshi]]]]
[[File:TRA TED1002 20120722.jpg|thumb|right|The ''[[Taroko Express]]'' in Taiwan]]
[[File:HK Sheung Wan Tram Station KMBus 914 Des Voeux Road Central.jpg|thumb|right|Sheung Wan station on [[Hong Kong Tramway]] with bus interchange]]
[[File:San Francisco Cable Car 22 (4256697380).jpg|thumb|right|[[San Francisco cable car system|San Francisco cable car]] traversing a hill]]

Railways with a track gauge of {{RailGauge|3ft6in}} were first constructed as horse-drawn [[wagonways]]. The first intercity passenger railway to use 3&nbsp;ft 6 in was constructed in Norway by [[Carl Abraham Pihl]]. From the mid-nineteenth century, the {{RailGauge|3ft6in|disp=1}} [[track gauge|gauge]] became widespread in the [[British Empire]]. In Africa it became known as the '''Cape gauge''' as it was adopted as the standard gauge for the [[Cape Government Railways]] in 1873, even though it had already been established in Australia and New Zealand before that. It was adopted as a standard in [[Rail transport in New Zealand|New Zealand]], [[Rail transport in South Africa|South Africa]], [[Rail transport in Indonesia|Indonesia]], [[Rail transport in Japan|Japan]], the [[Rail transport in the Philippines|Philippines]], [[Taiwan Railways Administration|Taiwan]], and [[Rail transport in Queensland|Queensland]] (which has the second largest narrow gauge network in the world) in Australia.<!-- [[Tram]] networks in {{RailGauge|3ft6in|disp=1}} gauge appeared later in the 20th century.  Not true, see [[Portland Street Railway Company]] -->

There are approximately {{convert|112000|km|mi}} of {{RailGauge|1067mm|disp=1}} gauge track in the world, which are classified as [[narrow-gauge railway]]s.

==History==
;1795: One of the first railways to use {{RailGauge|3ft6in}} gauge was the [[Little Eaton Gangway]] in England, constructed as a horse-drawn [[wagonway]] in 1795. Other {{RailGauge|3ft6in|disp=1}} gauge wagonways in [[England]] and [[Wales]] were also built in the early nineteenth century.
;1809: The [[Silkstone Waggonway]] was opened, connecting the [[Barnsley Canal]] to collieries including the [[Huskar Pit]].
;1860: The [[Severn and Wye Railway]] introduces a steam locomotive on its {{RailGauge|3ft6in|disp=1}} gauge [[plateway]].<ref>{{cite book|first=E. T. |last=MacDermot |title=History of the Great Western Railway. Volume II: 1963–1921 |publisher=Great Western Railway |location=London |date=1931}}</ref> 
;1862: The Norwegian engineer [[Carl Abraham Pihl]] constructed the first {{RailGauge|3ft6in|disp=1}} gauge railway in [[Norway]], the [[Røros Line]].
;1865: The [[Queensland Rail]]ways were constructed. Its {{RailGauge|3ft6in|disp=1}} gauge was promoted by the Irish engineer [[Abraham Fitzgibbon]] and consulting engineer [[Charles Fox (civil and railway engineer)|Charles Fox]].
;1867: The construction of the railroad from the Castillo de Buitrón mine to the pier of San Juan del Puerto, Huelva, Spain, began. The width was {{RailGauge|3ft6in}}.
;1868: In 1868 [[Charles Douglas Fox|Charles Fox]]<!-- ? --> asked civil engineer [[Edmund Wragge]] to survey a [[Rail transport in Costa Rica#History|{{RailGauge|3ft6in|disp=1|addcat=no}} railway in Costa Rica]].
;1870: The {{RailGauge|3ft6in|disp=1}} was adopted by New Zealand to expedite the development of transport under [[Julius Vogel]]'s ''Great Public Works Policy''; see [[The Vogel Era]].  
;1871: Nicolaas Henket and J.C Schölmann recommended that the Dutch [[East Indies]] government use {{RailGauge|3ft6in|disp=1|addcat=no}} gauge for railways in Java. The line between Batavia NIS and [[Gambir Station|Koningsplein Station]] opened on 15 September 1871.{{cn|date=June 2024}}
;1871: The Canadian [[Toronto, Grey and Bruce Railway]] and the [[Toronto and Nipissing Railway]] were opened, promoted by Pihl and Fitzgibbon and surveyed by Wragge as an engineer of Fox. The Canadian province of Prince Edward Island began building its {{RailGauge|3ft6in|disp=1}} network.
;1872: In January [[Robert Fairlie]] advocated the use of {{RailGauge|3ft6in|disp=1}} gauge in his book ''Railways Or No Railways: Narrow Gauge, Economy with Efficiency v. Broad Gauge, Costliness with Extravagance''.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://archive.org/stream/railwaysornorai01fairgoog#page/n8/mode/2up|title=Railways Or No Railways: Narrow Gauge, Economy with Efficiency. V. Broad Gauge, Costliness with ...|website=archive.org|date=1872 }}</ref>
: The first {{RailGauge|3ft6in|disp=1}} gauge railway opened in [[Japan]]. It had been proposed by the British civil engineer [[Edmund Morel (railway engineer)|Edmund Morel]] based on his experience building railways in New Zealand.<ref name="Semmens1997">{{cite book | last = Semmens | first = Peter | title = High Speed in Japan: Shinkansen - The World's Busiest High-speed Railway | publisher = [[Platform 5]] | year = 1997 | location = Sheffield, UK | page = 1| isbn = 1-872524-88-5}}</ref>
;1873
: On 1 January, the [[Rail transport in New Zealand#Provincial period|first {{RailGauge|3ft6in|disp=1|addcat=no}} gauge railway]] was opened in New Zealand, constructed by the [[United Kingdom|British]] firm [[John Brogden and Sons#Work in New Zealand|John Brogden and Sons]]. Earlier built {{RailGauge|4ft8.5in|al=off|allk=off}} and broad gauge railways were soon [[Track gauge conversion|converted]] to the narrower gauge.
: The [[Cape Colony]] adopted the {{RailGauge|3ft6in|disp=1}} gauge.<ref name="NGS">{{cite book |title=Narrow Gauge Steam |last=Ransom |first=P.J.G. |publisher=Oxford Publishing Co. |year=1996 |isbn=0-86093-533-7 |page=107}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |title=The Atlas of African Affairs |author=Griffiths, Ieuan Ll |last2=Rowland |first2=Susan |page=[https://archive.org/details/atlasofafricanaf00ieua/page/168 168] |year=1994 |publisher=Routledge |isbn=0-415-05488-5 |url=https://archive.org/details/atlasofafricanaf00ieua/page/168 }}</ref> After conducting several studies in southern Europe, the [[John Charles Molteno|Molteno Government]] selected the gauge as being the most economically suited for traversing steep mountain ranges.<ref>{{cite book |title=They were South Africans |url=https://archive.org/details/theyweresouthafr0000bond |url-access=registration |last=Bond |first=John |publisher=Oxford University Press |year=1956 |chapter=Chapter 19, The Makers of Railways: John Molteno |page=[https://archive.org/details/theyweresouthafr0000bond/page/170 170]}}</ref> Beginning in 1873, under supervision of Railway engineer of the Colony William Brounger,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.sahra.org.za/sites/default/files/heritagereports/9-2-110-0075-19980601-ACO_0.pdf|title=Cultural, historical assessment of the Hex Pass Railway, Worcester to de Doorns|access-date=6 March 2014|archive-date=6 March 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140306220053/https://www.sahra.org.za/sites/default/files/heritagereports/9-2-110-0075-19980601-ACO_0.pdf|url-status=dead}}</ref> the [[Cape Government Railways]] rapidly expanded and the gauge became the standard for southern Africa.<ref>Burman, Jose (1984), ''Early Railways at the Cape'', Cape Town: Human & Rousseau, {{ISBN|0-7981-1760-5}}</ref><ref>Davenport, D.E. ''A Railway Sketch of South Africa.'' 1882. Cape Town.</ref>
;1876: [[Natal Colony|Natal]] also [[Track gauge conversion|converted]] its short {{convert|10|km|abbr=off}} long Durban network from {{track gauge|4ft8.5in}} standard gauge prior to commencing with construction of a network across the entire colony in 1876.<ref>{{cite book|title = Natal and the Zulu Country|first1 = TV|last1 = Bulpin|author-link = T. V. Bulpin|publisher = T.V. Bulpin Publications Ltd|orig-year = 1966|year = 1977|edition = 3rd|location = Cape Town|pages = 224–227}}</ref> Other new railways in Southern Africa, notably Mozambique, Bechuanaland, the Rhodesias, Nyasaland and Angola, were also constructed in {{RailGauge|3ft6in|disp=1}} gauge during that time.
;After 1876: In the late nineteenth and early twentieth century numerous {{RailGauge|3ft6in|disp=1}} gauge [[tram]] systems were built in the [[Three foot six inch gauge railways in the United Kingdom|United Kingdom]] and the [[Narrow gauge railways in the Netherlands#Tram|Netherlands]]. Newfoundland began its Cape gauge network in 1881.<ref>{{cite web| url=http://www.heritage.nf.ca/society/railway.html| title=Railway| website=Newfoundland and Labrador Heritage| publisher=[[Memorial University of Newfoundland]]| access-date=5 November 2024| year=2001| first=Robert| last=Cuff }}</ref>

==Nomenclature==
This gauge is sometimes called '''Cape gauge''', named after the [[Cape Colony]] in what is now South Africa, which adopted it in 1873.<ref name="NGS"/> "Cape gauge" was used in several English-speaking countries.<ref>{{cite news |title=In German South-West Africa |page=4 |work=Westminster Gazette |date=1 October 1912}}</ref> The equivalent of ''Cape gauge'' is used in other languages, such as the [[Netherlands|Dutch]] ''kaapspoor'', [[Germany|German]] ''Kapspur'', [[Norway|Norwegian]] ''kappspor'' and [[France|French]] ''voie cape''. After metrication in the 1960s, the gauge was referred to in official South African Railways publications as {{Track gauge|1065 mm}} instead of 1067&nbsp;mm.<ref name="E&D diagram-book">South African Railways Index and Diagrams Electric and Diesel Locomotives, 610 mm and 1065 mm Gauges, Ref LXD 14/1/100/20, 28 January 1975, as amended</ref>

In Sweden, the gauge was nicknamed '''Blekinge gauge''', as most of the railways in the province of [[Blekinge]] had this gauge.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://magasin.kb.se:8080/searchinterface/page.jsp?issue_id=kb:82172|title=Kalmar, 29-03-1897 (Blekinge-spårvidd)|access-date=27 April 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140427204123/http://magasin.kb.se:8080/searchinterface/page.jsp?issue_id=kb:82172|archive-date=27 April 2014|url-status=dead}}</ref>

'''Colonial Gauge''' was used in New Zealand.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/cgi-bin/paperspast?a=d&d=EP18740512.2.8|title=Papers Past - The Evening Post. TUESDAY, MAY 12,1874. (Evening Post, 1874-05-12)|first=National Library of New|last=Zealand|website=paperspast.natlib.govt.nz}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://cr4.globalspec.com/blogentry/11071/Track-Gauges-and-Railway-Construction-Part-1|title=CR4 - Blog Entry: Track Gauges and Railway Construction (Part 1)|website=cr4.globalspec.com|access-date=4 March 2014|archive-date=4 March 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140304162522/http://cr4.globalspec.com/blogentry/11071/Track-Gauges-and-Railway-Construction-Part-1|url-status=dead}}</ref>

In Australia, this gauge is typically referred to as '''narrow gauge''' in comparison to {{RailGauge|4ft8.5in|al=off|allk=off}} standard gauge or {{RailGauge|5ft3in|al=off|allk=off}} broad gauge. In some instances, simply '''3 foot 6 inch''' — or in rarer cases '''[[Track gauge#Medium gauge|medium gauge]]''' — is used to distinguish it from other narrow gauges.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/eserv/UQ:241160/s00855804_1983_11_4_113.pdf|title=Adoption of the 3ft. 6ins. gauge for Queensland railways|date=1983|last=Knowles|first=J.W.|publisher=[[Australian Railway Historical Society]]|url-status=live|access-date=17 November 2020|archive-date=2 April 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120402232516/http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/eserv/UQ:241160/s00855804_1983_11_4_113.pdf}}</ref>
{{see|Rail gauge in Australia}}

In Japan the {{RailGauge|1067mm}} gauge, along with other narrow gauges, is referred to as {{Nihongo||狭軌|'''kyōki'''}}, which directly translates as ''narrow gauge'', to differentiate it from the [[Shinkansen]] lines. It is defined in metric units. It is commonly referred to as {{Nihongo|三六軌間|'''36 gauge'''}}, which derives from the 3&nbsp;ft 6 in.

==Similar gauges==
Similar, but incompatible without wheelset adjustment, rail gauges in respect of aspects such as cost of construction, practical [[Minimum railway curve radius|minimum radius curves]] and the [[Loading gauge|maximum physical dimensions]] of [[rolling stock]] are:
* {{Track gauge|1100mm|lk=on}},
* {{Track gauge|1093mm|lk=on}},
* {{Track gauge|1055mm|lk=on}},
* {{Track gauge|1050mm|lk=on}}, and
* {{Track gauge|1000mm|allk=on}}.

[[Dual gauge]] between {{Track gauge|1067mm}} gauge and another similar gauge can make these bonus gauges.
* {{Track gauge|1435mm|allk=on}},
* {{Track gauge|1372mm|lk=on}}, ([[4 ft 6 in gauge railway]]) and
* {{Track gauge|1668mm|lk=on}}
* {{Track gauge|1676mm|lk=on}} (The maximum bonus gauge from {{Track gauge|1000mm}} [[meter gauge]] [[gauntlet track]]s).

==Usage==
{|class=wikitable
!Country/territory
!Notes
|-
|[[Rail transport in Angola|Angola]]
|[[Rail transport in Angola]], some [[Track gauge conversion|converted]] from {{Track gauge|2ft|lk=on}} gauge and {{Track gauge|1000mm|allk=on}}. Some isolated.
|-
|[[Rail transport in Australia|Australia]]
|{{See also|Rail gauge in Australia}} {{convert|11930|km|mi|abbr=on}}. [[Rail transport in New South Wales|New South Wales]]: the heritage [[Zig Zag Railway]]. [[Rail transport in Queensland|Queensland]]: {{convert|8146|km|mi|abbr=on}}. [[Rail transport in South Australia|South Australia]]: the isolated [[Eyre Peninsula Railway]], and the heritage [[Pichi Richi Railway]]. [[Rail transport in Victoria|Victoria]]: the heritage [[Bellarine Railway]] line. [[Rail transport in Tasmania|Tasmania]]: {{convert|611|km|mi|abbr=on}}. [[Rail transport in Western Australia|Western Australia]]: {{convert|2970|km|mi|abbr=on}}. [[North Australia Railway|Northern Territory]] (closed).
|-
|[[Transport in Barbados|Barbados]]
|
[[Transport in Barbados#Railway|Barbados Railway]] ([[Track gauge conversion|converted]] to {{Track gauge|2ft6in|disp=or}} gauge) (defunct)
|-
|[[Rail transport in Botswana|Botswana]]
|The [[Botswana Railways]] system consists of {{convert|888|km}} of {{Track gauge|3ft6in}} gauge track.
|-
|[[Rail transport in Canada|Canada]]
|{{See also|Narrow-gauge railways in Canada}} Western [[New Brunswick Railway|New Brunswick]] until [[Track gauge conversion|gauge conversion]] in the 1880s; the [[Newfoundland Railway]] until abandonment in September 1988; and the [[Prince Edward Island Railway]] until gauge conversion in 1930 following a car ferry connection with the main North America system.
|-
|[[Narrow-gauge railways in China|China]]
|[[South Manchuria Railway]]&nbsp;— built to {{Track gauge|1524mm|lk=on}} as part of the [[Chinese Eastern Railway]], converted by advancing Japanese troops during the [[Russo-Japanese War]] of 1904–1905 to Japanese {{Track gauge|1067mm}} gauge, converted to standard gauge after the war by the new South Manchuria Railway Company.<ref>[https://archive.org/details/railwaylocomotiv26newyuoft Railway and Locomotive Engineering], vol. 26 (1913), pp. 91–92</ref>
|-
|[[Rail transport in the Democratic Republic of the Congo|Congo, Democratic Republic of]]
|3621&nbsp;km {{Track gauge|3ft6in}} gauge ({{convert|858|km|mi|abbr=on|disp=or}} electrified). Some converted from {{Track gauge|1000mm}} and {{Track gauge|2ft6in}} gauge.
|-
|[[Congo–Ocean Railway|Congo, Republic of]]
|The [[Congo–Ocean Railway]], {{convert|502|km}} long (operating).
|-
|[[Rail transport in Costa Rica|Costa Rica]]
|Operation of the [[Rail transport in Costa Rica|national railway network]] was suspended in 1995 after an earthquake. As of 2013, some [[suburban]] lines are operational.
|-
|[[Rail transport in the Dominican Republic|Dominican Republic]]
|[[Rail transport in the Dominican Republic#History|Samaná to Santiago Railway]], (later [[Cabinet of the Dominican Republic|Ferrocarriles Unidos Dominicanos]]) {{convert|139|km|mi|abbr=on}}, in operation from 1887 to 1976 (defunct)<ref>[http://digital.csic.es/bitstream/10261/58061/1/FCDOMI.pdf Dominican Republic public service railways, 1870–1990 (Los ferrocarriles de servicio público de República Dominicana, 1870–1990) by Antonio Santamaría García] (1993), table 4 "Empresas ferroviarias de servicio público de República Dominicana", pp. 13</ref>
|-
|[[Empresa de Ferrocarriles Ecuatorianos|Ecuador]]
|[[Empresa de Ferrocarriles Ecuatorianos]], {{convert|965|km|mi|abbr=on}}<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/ecuador/ |title=CIA World Factbook, Ecuador}}</ref>
|-
|[[Rail transport in Estonia|Estonia]]
|[[Trams in Tallinn|Tallinn tram]] of {{convert|38|km|mi|abbr=on}}, on all lines from the beginning in 1888, only on some lines in 1915–1931, and again on all lines from 1931.
|-
|[[Eswatini Railways|Eswatini]]
|{{convert|301|km}}, only for transportation of goods, not passengers
|-
|[[Rail transport in Ghana|Ghana]]
|The [[Ghana Railway Corporation|national rail network]] of {{convert|935|km|mi|abbr=on}} is undergoing major rehabilitation.
|-
|[[History of rail transport in Haiti|Haiti]]
|[[History of rail transport in Haiti#Saint-Marc line|Saint-Marc line]] (defunct)
|-
|[[Rail transport in Honduras|Honduras]]
|{{main article|Rail transport in Honduras}}
|-
|[[Rail transport in Hong Kong|Hong Kong]]
|[[Hong Kong Tramways]]
|-
|[[Rail transport in Indonesia|Indonesia]]
|{{convert|8159|km|mi|abbr=on}} as of 2014, with only {{convert|4816|km|mi|abbr=on}} operational.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/indonesia/ |title=CIA World Factbook, Indonesia}}</ref> Most common gauge for main lines of [[Sumatra]] and [[Java]]. The first railway was actually built to standard gauge (the [[Semarang]]–[[Surakarta|Solo]]–[[Yogyakarta]] corridor), but later lines were built to cape-gauge size owing to economic feasibility. The remainder of standard gauge lines were regauged by Japanese army during World War II to {{Track gauge|3ft6in}} gauge, with parts using standard gauge sleepers. The gauge is also used by [[KRL Commuterline]], [[Jakarta MRT]] and [[Palembang LRT]].
|-
|[[Rail transport in Ireland|Ireland]]
|{{main article|List of narrow gauge railways in Ireland}}
|-
|[[Rail transport in the Isle of Man|Isle of Man]]
|[[Snaefell Mountain Railway]]
|-
|[[Rail transport in Japan|Japan]]
|{{convert|22301|km|mi|abbr=on}}.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/japan/ |title=CIA World Factbook, Japan}}</ref> First track gauge introduced. All [[JR Group]] lines and some [[List of railway companies in Japan#Major sixteen private railways|private railways]] use this gauge except for high-speed [[shinkansen]] lines which use [[standard gauge]].
|-u
|[[Transport in Jersey#Rail transport|Jersey]]
|[[Jersey Railway]] (defunct). Partly [[Track gauge conversion|converted]] from {{Track gauge|ussg|allk=on}}
|-
|[[Rail transport in Malawi|Malawi]]
|[[Malawi Railways]] has {{convert|797|km|mi|abbr=on}} of {{Track gauge|3ft6in}} gauge railways.
|-
|[[Mozambique Ports and Railways|Mozambique]]
|[[Mozambique Ports and Railways]] operates {{convert|2983|km|mi|abbr=on}} of {{Track gauge|3ft6in}} gauge.
|-
|[[Rail transport in Namibia|Namibia]]
|[[TransNamib]] operates {{convert|2883|km|mi|abbr=on}} of {{Track gauge|3ft6in}} gauge, partly converted from {{Track gauge|600mm|lk=on}} gauge.
|-
|[[Rail transport in the Netherlands|Netherlands]]
|[[Narrow gauge railways in the Netherlands#Trams|Some tramway]] systems (all defunct)
|-
|[[Rail transport in New Zealand|New Zealand]]
|{{convert|3900|km|mi|abbr=on}}, standardized by the Public Works Act 1870<ref>{{cite web|url=http://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/cgi-bin/paperspast?a=d&d=CHP18700926.2.9|title=Papers Past – The Press. Monday, September 26, 1870. (Press, 1870-09-26)|first=National Library of New|last=Zealand|website=paperspast.natlib.govt.nz}}</ref>
|-
|[[Rail transport in Nicaragua|Nicaragua]]
|{{convert|373|km|mi|abbr=on}} of track until closure of the [[History of rail transport in Nicaragua|national rail network]] in 1993. All lifted and scrapped.
|-
|[[Rail transport in Nigeria|Nigeria]]
|[[Nigerian Railway Corporation]] operates an isolated network of {{convert|3505|km|mi|sp=us}} {{Track gauge|3ft6in}} gauge single track lines.
|-
|[[Rail transport in Norway|Norway]]
| The gauge was first used by [[Carl Abraham Pihl|C A Pihl]] on the [[Røros Line|Hamar-Grundset Line]], opened 23 June 1862.<ref>Bjerke, T. & Holom, F. (2004) ''Banedata 2004''. Hamar/Oslo: Norsk Jernbanemuseum & Norsk Jernbaneklubb. p. 98</ref> Most lines were {{Track gauge|3ft6in}} gauge lines built in the 19th century were rebuilt to standard gauge between 1904 and 1949. The [[Setesdal Line]], a [[heritage railway]] line of about eight km remains {{Track gauge|3ft6in}} gauge.
|-
|[[Rail transport in Panama|Panama]]
|[[Tramways of Panama|Panama Tramways Company]] (1913–1917) and the Panama Electric Company (1917–1941).<ref name="morrison">{{Cite web|last=Morrison|first=Allen|url=http://www.tramz.com/co/pa/pa.html|title=The Tramways of Colombia / Panama|date=1 February 2008|access-date=1 May 2011}}</ref>
|-
|[[Rail transportation in the Philippines|Philippines]]
|The [[Philippine National Railways]] operates a {{convert|72|km|mi|abbr=on}} [[Metro Manila]]–[[Laguna (province)|Laguna]] segment of its old {{convert|1140|km|mi|abbr=on}} network; [[Panay Railways]] had {{convert|154|km|mi|abbr=on}} in Panay and Cebu. PNR will re-gauge its entire network to {{Track gauge|1435 mm|al=on}}.
|-
|[[Rail transport in Sierra Leone|Sierra Leone]]
|There are 84 kilometres of {{Track gauge|3ft6in}} gauge private [[railway]]s in [[Sierra Leone]].
|-
|[[Rail transport in South Africa|South Africa]]
|About 20,500&nbsp;route-km.<ref>Spoornet ([[Transnet]]'s predecessor), Manual for Track Maintenance, July 2000, http://www.spoornet.co.za/SpoornetWebContentSAP/documents/track_maintenance.pdf {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120323223050/http://www.spoornet.co.za/SpoornetWebContentSAP/documents/track_maintenance.pdf |date=23 March 2012 }}</ref><ref>Transnet Annual Report 2010, Operational Review, http://www.overendstudio.co.za/online_reports/transnet_ar2011/op_freight.php</ref> [[Gautrain]] (80&nbsp;km) is {{track gauge|4ft8.5in|allk=on}} and there were several limited {{Track gauge|2ft}} narrow gauge systems.
|-
|[[Rail transport in South Sudan|South Sudan]]
|Isolated, {{convert|248|km|sp=us}}
|-
|-
|[[Rail transport in Spain|Spain]]
|The line from [[Cartagena–Los Nietos line|Cartagena to Los Blancos]] was originally {{track gauge|1067mm}}, but was converted to {{track gauge|1000mm}} in 1976, at the same time as the line was extended to [[Los Nietos, Cartagena|Los Nietos]].<ref>Ferropedia - Ferrocarril Cartagena - Los Nietos, http://ferropedia.es/wiki/Ferrocarril_Cartagena_-_Los_Nietos {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200209220709/http://ferropedia.es/wiki/Ferrocarril_Cartagena_-_Los_Nietos |date=9 February 2020 }}</ref>
|-
|[[Rail transport in Sudan|Sudan]]
|Isolated, {{convert|4725|km|sp=us}}
|-
|[[Rail transport in Sweden|Sweden]]
|Several during the 19th century, all closed or [[Track gauge conversion|regauged]].
|-
|[[Rail transport in Taiwan|Taiwan]]
|{{convert|1097|km|mi|abbr=on}} ([[Taiwan Railway]])
|-
|[[Rail transport in Tanzania|Tanzania]]
|Dar es Salaam to Zambia ([[TAZARA Railway]] only, rest of the network is {{Track gauge|1000mm|allk=on}}.
|-
|[[Rail transport in Turkey|Turkey]]
|[[Chemin de Fer Moudania Brousse]]
|-
|[[Rail transport in the United Kingdom|United Kingdom]]
|{{main article|Three foot six inch gauge railways in the United Kingdom}}
|-
|[[Rail transport in the United States|United States]]
|{{main article|Three foot six inch gauge railways in the United States}}
|-
|[[Rail transport in Venezuela|Venezuela]]
|[[Great Venezuela Railway]]
|-
|[[Rail transport in Zambia|Zambia]]
|[[Zambia Railways]], [[Mulobezi Railway]]

|-
|[[National Railways of Zimbabwe|Zimbabwe]]
|[[National Railways of Zimbabwe]]
|-
|}

==See also==
{{Portal|Trains}}

*[[Cape Government Railways]]
*[[Heritage railway]]
*[[List of track gauges]]
*[[Railway speed record#Conventional wheeled – Narrow gauge|Speed records]]

==References==
{{Reflist|30em}}

==External links==
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20110724055755/http://grela.rrpicturearchives.net/ South African Trains – A Pictorial Encyclopaedia]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20090605101002/http://www.jrtr.net/jrtr31/f33_sai.html Why Did Japan Choose the 3'6" Narrow Gauge?]

{{Navbox track gauge}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Cape Gauge}}
[[Category:3 ft 6 in gauge railways| ]]