Yongding, Longyan
Script error: No such module "Settlement short description".Script error: No such module "Infobox".Template:Template otherScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".Script error: No such module "Check for conflicting parameters".Expression error: Unexpected < operator. Script error: No such module "infobox". Yongding (Template:Zh) is a district under the jurisdiction of Longyan prefecture-level city in the southwest of Fujian Province, People's Republic of China. The district is a center for Hakka culture, including the traditional Hakka tulou, and a local dialect of the Hakka Chinese called the Template:Interlanguage link. As of 2015, Yongding has a permanent population of about 361,000,[1]Template:Rp of which more than 99% are Hakka, the rest being She people.Script error: No such module "Unsubst". In December 2014, the Fujian government signed legislation converting Yongding from a county to a district.[2]
Yongding is the hometown of many overseas Chinese immigrants that came to south-east Asia and Burma during the British Raj.
History
Yongding County was established in the 14th year of Chenghua (AD 1478) in the Ming dynasty.Script error: No such module "Unsubst". It was originally part of Shanghang County.Script error: No such module "Unsubst". The governor of Fujian province proposed to separate this south-eastern part of the Shanghang County to form a new county and name it Yongding, literally meaning peaceful forever, after suppressing a riot in that particular region.Script error: No such module "Unsubst".
On December 13, 2014, the Fujian government passed a law converting Yongding from a county to a district.[1]Template:Rp The law came into effect on February 9, 2015.[1]Template:Rp
In March 2015, Template:Interlanguage link was upgraded from a township to a town, and Template:Interlanguage link was upgraded from a town to a subdistrict.[1]Template:Rp
Geography
Located in the southwest of Fujian province, Yongding District is situated on the Fujian-Guangdong border.[1]Template:Rp Yongding District is bordered by Nanjing County in Zhangzhou to the east, Pinghe County in Zhangzhou to the southeast, Dabu County and Meixian District of Meizhou, Guangdong to the southwest, Shanghang County to the northwest, and Xinluo District to the northeast.[1]Template:Rp Both Dabu and Shanghang are Hakka-speaking counties; Longyan city centre (aka Xinluo District), Nanjing and Pinghe are predominantly Minnan-speaking.Script error: No such module "Unsubst".
Yongding District is Script error: No such module "convert". in area.[1]Template:Rp Like other counties of Fujian province, Yongding is 80% hills and mountains, 10% water or rivers, and 10% fields.Script error: No such module "Unsubst". Two major rivers run through the district: Yongding River (Script error: No such module "Lang".) and Xiayang Creek (Script error: No such module "Lang".).Script error: No such module "Unsubst". Both are tributaries of the Ting River (Template:Lang-zh, the name by which it is known in Fujian territory) or Han River (Template:Lang-zh, the name by which it is known in Guangdong province).Script error: No such module "Unsubst".
Climate
Located in a sub-tropical area and subject to typhoons, Yongding has high annual precipitation of about Script error: No such module "convert". per year.Script error: No such module "weather box".Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
Administrative divisions
Yongding District current administers 1 subdistrict, 14 towns, and 9 townships.[3]
divided into twenty-four township-level divisions: one subdistrict, twelve towns and eleven townships.[1]Template:Rp[4][5][6]
Subdistrict
The district executive, legislature and judiciary are in Template:Interlanguage link (Script error: No such module "Lang".), formerly the town of Fengcheng (Script error: No such module "Lang".), together with the CPC and PSB branches.Script error: No such module "Unsubst". Fengcheng Subdistrict is the district's sole subdistrict,[3] and had a population of 48,048 as of 2015.[1]Template:Rp
Towns
The district is home to the following 14 towns:[3]
| English name | Hanzi | Population (2015)[1]Template:Rp |
|---|---|---|
| Kanshi | Script error: No such module "Lang". | 26,164 |
| Template:Interlanguage link | Script error: No such module "Lang". | 38,466 |
| Template:Interlanguage link | Script error: No such module "Lang". | 31,213 |
| Template:Interlanguage link | Script error: No such module "Lang". | 47,786 |
| Template:Interlanguage link | Script error: No such module "Lang". | 43,064 |
| Hukeng | Script error: No such module "Lang". | 24,860 |
| Template:Interlanguage link | Script error: No such module "Lang". | 38,965 |
| Template:Interlanguage link | Script error: No such module "Lang". | 8,419 |
| Template:Interlanguage link | Script error: No such module "Lang". | 13,302 |
| Template:Interlanguage link | Script error: No such module "Lang". | 13,428 |
| Template:Interlanguage link | Script error: No such module "Lang". | 20,967 |
| Template:Interlanguage link | Script error: No such module "Lang". | 17,250 |
| Template:Interlanguage link | Template:Lang-zh | 15,982 |
| Template:Interlanguage link | Template:Lang-zh | 14,657 |
Townships
The district is home to the following 9 townships:[3]
| English name | Hanzi | Population (2015)[1]Template:Rp |
|---|---|---|
| Template:Interlanguage link | Script error: No such module "Lang". | 4,703 |
| Template:Interlanguage link | Script error: No such module "Lang". | 7,007 |
| Template:Interlanguage link | Script error: No such module "Lang". | 8,328 |
| Template:Interlanguage link | Script error: No such module "Lang". | 12,076 |
| Template:Interlanguage link | Script error: No such module "Lang". | 15,583 |
| Template:Interlanguage link | Script error: No such module "Lang". | 17,256 |
| Template:Interlanguage link | Script error: No such module "Lang". | 13,465 |
| Template:Interlanguage link | Script error: No such module "Lang". | 13,422 |
| Gaotou Township | Script error: No such module "Lang". | 10,109 |
Demographics
As of 2015, Yongding District has a hukou population of 504,520, but has approximately just 361,000 permanent residents.[1]Template:Rp 44.3% of the district's permanent residents live in urban areas.[1]Template:Rp
The district's urban residents have a per capita disposable income of 29,952 renminbi (RMB) as of 2015, a 7.1% increase from 2014.[1]Template:Rp In 2015, this figure stood at 14,136 RMB for the district's rural residents, a 9.8% increase from 2014.[1]Template:Rp
The Template:Interlanguage link, a part of the Tingzhou dialect of Hakka Chinese, is spoken in the district.[7]
Culture
Yongding District is famous for its tulou, large multi-family adobe buildings. Out of the 10 tulous or tulous clusters inscribed on the World Heritage List (as Fujian Tulou), 5 are within Yongding District:
- Chuxi Tulou cluster, in Chuxi Village (Template:Lang-zh), Template:Interlanguage link
- Chengqi Lou and adjacent buildings (the Template:Interlanguage link), in Gaobei Village (Template:Lang-zh), Gaotou Township
- Hongkeng Tulou cluster including Zhencheng Lou, in Hongkeng Village (Template:Lang-zh), Hukeng
- Zhenfu Lou, near Xipian Village (Template:Lang-zh), Hukeng
- Yanxiang Lou, in Xinnan Village (Template:Lang-zh), Hukeng
Economy
Yongding District recorded a gross domestic product of 19.12 billion renminbi (RMB) in 2015, an 8.2% increase from 2014.[1]Template:Rp
Industry
Yongding District has a sizable automotive industry, which achieved an output of 3.151 billion RMB in 2015, a 0.8% increase from 2014.[1]Template:Rp Fujian Motors Group has sizable operations in the district, where it produces engines for its New Longma (Template:Lang-zh) brand, and multi-purpose vehicles for its Keyton (Template:Lang-zh) brand.[1]Template:Rp
As a result of abundant precipitation and mountainous terrain, hydroelectric power is abundant.Script error: No such module "Unsubst". There are numerous hydro plants in the district, one notable one being the provincial Mianhuatan Hydroelectric Power Station.Script error: No such module "Unsubst". The plant has a water storage capacity of 2.035 billion cubic meters and is able to generate 1.52 billion kilowatt hours of electricity a year.Script error: No such module "Unsubst". The Mianhuatan hydrodam contributes greatly to the rapidly growing economy of Fujian and neighboring Guangdong province.Script error: No such module "Unsubst".
Agriculture
In agriculture, rice is the main crop for the district.Script error: No such module "Unsubst". Most low-lying fields can yield two rice crops per year, while in high land fields, because of the earlier frost, only one harvest can be assured.Script error: No such module "Unsubst".
Persimmons, plums, and tea leaves are grown in the district.[1]Template:Rp Cattle are raised in Yongding District, and various beef products are produced in the district.[1]Template:Rp
Yongding is an important tobacco producer.Script error: No such module "Unsubst". The cultivation of tobacco started in Wan Li era of the Ming Dynasty.Script error: No such module "Unsubst". Yongding was honored as the "home of tobacco" in the early 20th century.Script error: No such module "Unsubst". Although its significance has declined in recent years, Yongding is still one of the most important tobacco producing areas in the region.Script error: No such module "Unsubst". Many top brand Chinese cigarettes contain Yongding leaf.Script error: No such module "Unsubst".
During the 2010s, the local government began partnering local farmers with Taobao, a large Chinese e-commerce website, to create a wider market for local agricultural goods.[1]Template:Rp As of 2015, the district is home to 200 million RMB in e-commerce sales.[1]Template:Rp
Mining
Yongding is rich in mineral deposits, most notably coal.Script error: No such module "Unsubst". Most of the district's coal is shipped to Guangdong, where economic growth has created huge demand for energy.Script error: No such module "Unsubst". This in turn has created demand for heavy trucks.Script error: No such module "Unsubst". As a result, Yongding is one of the top districts for the number of trucks.Script error: No such module "Unsubst".Script error: No such module "Unsubst".
Tourism
In 2015 alone, 5.252 million tourists visited Yongding District, generating 4.029 billion RMB in income.[1]Template:Rp Common tourist destinations include the district's many tulou clusters, such as Chuxi Tulou cluster, and hot springs.[1]Template:Rp
Transportation
The Zhangping–Longchuan railway runs through Yongding District, stopping at Template:Interlanguage link. Template:Interlanguage link, Template:Interlanguage link, and the Template:Interlanguage link are among the many expressways in Yongding District.
Notable people
There have been many famous overseas Chinese with their roots in Yongding. Aw Boon-Haw (Script error: No such module "Lang".) was one of the most famous overseas Chinese in the 1930s and 40s.
References
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External links
Template:County-level divisions of Fujian Template:Authority control