Withlacoochee River (Florida)

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File:Withlacoocheesouthrivermap.png
Course of the southern Withlacoochee River
File:US 301 Withlacoochee River east01.jpg
Withlacoochee River, looking east in Hernando County, just north of the Pasco County border

The Withlacoochee River or Crooked River is a river in central Florida, in the United States. It originates in the Green Swamp, east of Polk City, flowing west, then north, then northwest and finally west again before emptying into the Gulf of Mexico near Yankeetown. The river is Script error: No such module "convert". long[1] and has a drainage basin of Script error: No such module "convert"..

Along the route of central Florida's Withlacoochee River is the Script error: No such module "convert". Withlacoochee State Trail, the longest paved rail trail in Florida;[2] the Cypress Lake Preserve, a Script error: No such module "convert". park with approximately Script error: No such module "convert". of frontage;[3] and Nobleton Wayside Park, a Script error: No such module "convert". park in Nobleton that includes a boat ramp, shelter, basketball court, and picnic tables.

The Southwest Florida Water Management District operates a Script error: No such module "convert". nature preserve and recreational area with Script error: No such module "convert". of frontage on the Withlacoochee River in Citrus County. The property was purchased for $13.5 million in 2005 from the South Florida Council, which had used it as the McGregor Smith Scout Reservation.[4]

The Withlacoochee River flows through Pasco and Hernando counties, and then forms part of the boundary between Hernando County and Sumter County and all of the boundary between Citrus County and Sumter County, between Citrus County and Marion County and between Citrus County and Levy County (including Lake Rousseau). The largest city close to the river is Dade City.

Tsala Apopka Lake is an area composed of a number of lakes, swamps and marshes interspersed with islands located in Citrus County within the bend of the river where it turns from north flowing to west flowing. The area was historically connected to the river by wetlands. Starting in the 1880s, canals were dug connecting the river to various parts of the lake area.[5] The area of Tsala Apopka Lake historically has been known as the "Cove of the Withlacoochee".[6]

History

During the Second Seminole War, Seminole chief Osceola founded a camp of fellow Seminole and escaped slaves called the Cove of the Withlacoochee.[7] On December 31, 1835, the Battle of Withlacoochee was fought at the cove. It was one of the first engagements of the war.[8]

In the 1890s, logs, stumps, and other debris were removed from the river to facilitate the travel of barges carrying phosphate to Port Inglis. Phosphate continued to move along the river this way until WWI, when shipping lanes were closed, and then by the early 1930s, the phosphate deposits were completely depleted.[9]

Etymology

"Withlacoochee" probably stems from a Muskhogean dialect, which suggests that its application is comparatively recent. It is compounded of Creek we (water), thlako (big), and chee (little), or little big water. This word combination signifies little river in the Creek language, and as we-lako or wethlako may also refer to a lake, it may signify a river of lakes, or lake river.[10] An alternate etymology holds that Withlacoochee is a Native American word meaning "crooked river", which accurately describes the river as it makes its Script error: No such module "convert". journey from the Green Swamp in northern Polk County to the Gulf of Mexico at Yankeetown.[11]

List of crossings

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Crossing Carries Image Location Coordinates
Headwaters (Green Swamp) Script error: No such module "Coordinates".
160210 File:Florida 33.svg SR 33 File:NB FL 33 over the Withlacoochee River.jpg Lake-Polk County Line. Script error: No such module "Coordinates".
140018 File:Florida 471.svg SR 471 File:Northbound FL 471 over Withlacoochee River Bridge.JPG Sumter-Pasco-Polk County Line. Script error: No such module "Coordinates".
River Road (The Lanier Bridge)[12] File:Lanier Bridge at Withlacoochee River County Park.jpg Withlacoochee River County Park,
East of Dade City
Former ACL Railroad Bridge
(Orange Belt Railway) 		Withlacoochee State Forest
Richloam WMA
140031 File:Florida 575.svg SR 575 File:Withlacoochee River East of FL 575.JPG Lacoochee Script error: No such module "Coordinates".
CSX S-Line (Wildwood Subdivision) Script error: No such module "Coordinates".
080030 File:US 301.svg US 301 File:US 301 Withlacoochee River bridge03.jpg Script error: No such module "Coordinates".
140066 File:US 98.svg US 98 File:US 98 Bridge over Withlacoochee River (Northbound).JPG Trilby Script error: No such module "Coordinates".
File:US 98.svgFile:Florida 50.svg US 98-SR 50
Cortez Boulevard 		File:US 98-FL 50 @ Withlacoochee River.jpg Ridge Manor Script error: No such module "Coordinates".
Confluence with Little Withlacoochee River River Junction State Park Script error: No such module "Coordinates".
080026 (NB)
080025 (SB) 		File:I-75.svg Interstate 75 Silver Lake Script error: No such module "Coordinates".
184019 File:Hernando County Road 476 FL.svgFile:Sumter County Road 476 FL.svg CR 476 File:Hernando-Sumter CR 476 Bridge; Looking North.JPG Nobleton Script error: No such module "Coordinates".
184006 File:Citrus County Road 48 FL.svgFile:Sumter County Road 48 FL.svg CR 48 File:Citrus-Sumter CR 48 Bridge; Looking East(Wynn Haven).JPG Bay Hill Script error: No such module "Coordinates".
020004 (EB)
020003 (WB) 		File:Florida 44.svg SR 44
Gulf-Atlantic Highway 		File:FL 44 Withlacoochee River Bridge; Looking SE-2.JPG Rutland Script error: No such module "Coordinates".
020008 File:Florida 200.svg SR 200 File:NB Florida SR 200 Bridge; Withlacoochee River.JPG Stoke's Ferry Script error: No such module "Coordinates".
Former San Jose Boulevard Bridge Dunnellon-Citrus Springs Script error: No such module "Coordinates".
Dunnellon Trail Bridge
Abandoned Seaboard Air Line Railroad line 		File:Crossing the Withlacoochie River in Dunnellon - panoramio.jpg Dunnellon-Citrus Springs Script error: No such module "Coordinates".
CSX Citrus Springs-Dunnellon Bridge File:US 41 Withlacoochee River Bridge; View of CSX Bridge.JPG Citrus Springs-Dunnellon Script error: No such module "Coordinates".
Brittan Alexander Bridge
020026 		File:US 41.svg US 41
Main Street 		File:NB US 41 Bridge; Boating and Canoeing signs.JPG Citrus Springs-Dunnellon Script error: No such module "Coordinates".
020920 (NB)
020005 (SB) 		File:US 19.svgFile:US 98.svg US 19 98 File:NB US 19-98 at Withlacoochee River-Outstanding Waterway.jpg Red Level-Inglis Script error: No such module "Coordinates".
Mouth (Gulf of Mexico) Script error: No such module "Coordinates".

See also

References

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  1. ↑ U.S. Geological Survey. National Hydrography Dataset high-resolution flowline data. The National Map, accessed April 18, 2011
  2. ↑ Withlacoochee State Trail (Florida Greenways and Trails)
  3. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  4. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  5. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  6. ↑ Script error: No such module "Citation/CS1".
  7. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  8. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  9. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  10. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  11. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  12. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".

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Further reading

  • Henderson, Rex. 1990. Withlacoochee River. in Marth, Del and Marty Marth, eds. The Rivers of Florida. Sarasota, Florida: Pineapple Press, Inc. Template:ISBN.

External links

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