Winn Parish, Louisiana

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Winn Parish is a parish located in the U.S. state of Louisiana. As of the 2020 census, the population was 13,755.[1] The parish seat and largest city is Winnfield.[2] The parish was founded in 1852.[3] It is last in alphabetical order of Louisiana's sixty-four parishes. Winn is separated from Natchitoches Parish along U.S. Highway 71 by Saline Bayou, the first blackwater protected waterway in the American South.

History

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Saline Bayou
File:2015 backwater flooding in Winn Parish, LA MG 7194.JPG
Backwater flooding in Winn Parish led temporarily in June 2015 to a detour around U.S. Highway 71 at St. Maurice, Louisiana.

Winn Parish was established in 1852 from lands which had belonged to the parishes of Catahoula, Natchitoches, and Rapides.[3]

During the Civil War, David Pierson, a young attorney, was elected to represent the parish at the Secession Convention called in January 1861 in Baton Rouge by Governor Thomas Overton Moore. Pierson voted against secession and refused, along with several others, to change his "no" vote at the end of the process when asked to do so to make the final tally unanimous.Script error: No such module "Unsubst".

That these conscripts refused to fight for the Confederacy is understandable considering that Union support was higher in north Louisiana, and especially high in Winn Parish.[4] The Confederate States Army defeated a Union detachment sent to destroy a salt works in the parish. Winn Parish contributed to the $80,000 raised to build fortifications on the nearby Red River.[5]

After the war, bandits roamed the Natchez Trace or Harrisonburg Road that ran through the lower part of the parish. Among the worst were the West and Kimbrell clan. For seven years they preyed especially on travelers and migrants passing through the area.[6]

In April 1873, white Democrats forming a militia from Winn Parish joined with ex-Confederate veterans from Rapides and Grant parishes against Republican blacks in the Colfax massacre in neighboring Grant Parish.[7][8] They attacked freedmen defending the parish courthouse and two Republican officeholders in the aftermath to the disputed gubernatorial election of 1872. Among the 80–150 blacks killed were at least 50 who had surrendered; a total of three white men were killed in the confrontation.[9][10][11][12]

Geography

According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the parish has a total area of Script error: No such module "convert"., of which Script error: No such module "convert". is land and Script error: No such module "convert". (0.7%) is water.[13]

Major highways

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Adjacent parishes

National protected area

Communities

City

  • Winnfield (parish seat and largest municipality)

Town

Villages

Unincorporated areas

Census-designated places

Other communities

Demographics

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Historical population
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18606,876—
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199016,269Script error: No such module "String".%
200016,894Script error: No such module "String".%
201015,313Script error: No such module "String".%
202013,755Script error: No such module "String".%
U.S. Decennial Census[15]
1790–1960[16] 1900–1990[17]
1990–2000[18] 2010[19]

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2020 census

Winn Parish, Louisiana – Racial and ethnic composition
<templatestyles src="Nobold/styles.css"/>Note: the US Census treats Hispanic/Latino as an ethnic category. This table excludes Latinos from the racial categories and assigns them to a separate category. Hispanics/Latinos may be of any race.
Race / Ethnicity (NH = Non-Hispanic) Pop 1980[20] Pop 1990[21] Pop 2000[22] Pop 2010[23] Pop 2020[24] % 1980 % 1990 % 2000 % 2010 % 2020
White alone (NH) 12,281 11,270 11,100 10,108 8,498 71.18% 69.27% 65.70% 66.01% 61.78%
Black or African American alone (NH) 4,820 4,775 5,396 4,666 3,518 27.94% 29.35% 31.94% 30.47% 25.58%
Native American or Alaska Native alone (NH) 20 61 81 96 77 0.12% 0.37% 0.48% 0.63% 0.56%
Asian alone (NH) 20 22 27 39 172 0.12% 0.14% 0.16% 0.25% 1.25%
Native Hawaiian or Pacific Islander alone (NH) x [25] x [26] 9 2 16 x x 0.05% 0.01% 0.12%
Other race alone (NH) 4 2 2 7 25 0.02% 0.01% 0.01% 0.05% 0.18%
Mixed race or Multiracial (NH) x [27] x [28] 132 155 426 x x 0.78% 1.01% 3.10%
Hispanic or Latino (any race) 108 139 147 240 1,023 0.63% 0.85% 0.87% 1.57% 7.44%
Total 17,253 16,269 16,894 15,313 13,755 100.00% 100.00% 100.00% 100.00% 100.00%

As of the 2020 United States census, there were 13,755 people, 5,483 households, and 3,661 families residing in the parish.

Education

Winn Parish School Board operates local public schools in all of the parish.[29]

Corrections

Winn Correctional Center is in an unincorporated section of Winn Parish. Corrections Corporation of America, under contract with Louisiana Department of Public Safety and Corrections, once operated the prison.[30]

National Guard

"A" Company of the Louisiana National Guard 199th Forward Support Battalion was previously located in Winnfield, Louisiana. The unit deployed twice to Iraq as part of the 256TH IBCT in 2004-5 and 2010. The unit's Winnfield Armory was closed.Script error: No such module "Unsubst".

Politics

Winn Parish, Louisiana, has distinguished itself as a notable indicator of statewide electoral outcomes. This parish has consistently mirrored the state's choice for the presidential winner in 15 consecutive elections since 1964. Template:PresHead Template:PresRow Template:PresRow Template:PresRow Template:PresRow Template:PresRow Template:PresRow Template:PresRow Template:PresRow Template:PresRow Template:PresRow Template:PresRow Template:PresRow Template:PresRow Template:PresRow Template:PresRow Template:PresRow Template:PresRow Template:PresRow Template:PresRow Template:PresRow Template:PresRow Template:PresRow Template:PresRow Template:PresRow Template:PresRow Template:PresRow Template:PresRow Template:PresRow Template:PresRow Template:PresFoot

Notable people

See also

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References

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  1. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  2. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  3. ↑ a b Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  4. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  5. ↑ John D. Winters, The Civil War in Louisiana, Baton Rouge: Louisiana State University Press, 1963, Template:ISBN, pp. 164, 310
  6. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  7. ↑ Keith, Leeanna, The Colfax Massacre: The Untold Story of Black Power, White Terror, & The Death of Reconstruction, New York: Oxford University Press, 2007
  8. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  9. ↑ Buddy Jordan obituary, Alexandria Daily Town Talk, February 23, 2012
  10. ↑ Louisiana Secretary of State, General election returns, November 17, 2007
  11. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  12. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  13. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  14. ↑ Template:Gnis
  15. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  16. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  17. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  18. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  19. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  20. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  21. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  22. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  23. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  24. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  25. ↑ included in the Asian category in the 1980 Census
  26. ↑ included in the Asian category in the 1990 Census
  27. ↑ not an option in the 1980 Census
  28. ↑ not an option in the 1990 Census
  29. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1". - Text list
  30. ↑ "Winn Corr. Center Template:Webarchive." Louisiana Department of Public Safety and Corrections. Accessed September 14, 2008.

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