Westminster, California

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Westminster is a city in western Orange County, California, United States. Westminster was founded in 1870 by Rev. Lemuel Webber as a Presbyterian temperance colony and was incorporated in 1957.

Westminster is bordered by the city of Seal Beach on the west, by Garden Grove on the north and east, and by Huntington Beach and Fountain Valley on the south. Santa Ana, the county seat of Orange County, is east of Westminster.

Westminster has one of the largest Vietnamese populations in the US. They settled largely in Little Saigon,[1] and the city is known as the "capital" of overseas Vietnamese with 39,799 Vietnamese Americans, or 43.8% of the total population, as of the 2020 United States census.[2]

In the court case Mendez v. Westminster (1947), a Hispanic man sued the Westminster School District for forcing his daughter, Sylvia Mendez, to attend a school for Mexican children. They eventually won and thus began the process of desegregation. Sylvia Mendez was later awarded the Presidential Medal of Freedom by President Barack Obama on February 15, 2011.

Westminster won the All-America City Award in 1996.[3]

History

Westminster was founded in 1870 by Rev. Lemuel Webber as a Presbyterian temperance colony. The name is derived from the Westminster Assembly of 1643, which established the basic tenets of the Presbyterian faith. During the early years of its history, farmers refused to harvest grapes since they associated grapes with alcohol.

During the late 1800s, arable land held dairy farms alongside agricultural plots which cultivated walnuts, strawberries, celery, and lima beans until they were replaced by the sugar beet industry at the turn of the century.[1][4]

A change in tariffs laws along with an influx of beet pests resulted in the collapse of the Southern California Sugar Beet Industry[5] and was supplemented by goldfish farms.[1]

Transitions from agricultural spacing to suburban housing was delayed by the economic strain of the Great Depression and later 1933 earthquake as well as a severe flood in 1938.[1][4] The varied residential landscape is a direct result from the relatively early homeowner development of less uniform spaces.[4]

Westminster was incorporated in 1957, at which time it had 10,755 residents. Originally, the city was named Tri-City because it was to be the amalgamation of three cities: Westminster, Barber City, and Midway City. Midway City ultimately refused incorporation, leaving only Barber City to be absorbed into the new city, which changed its name to Westminster in a vote just five months later.[6] The former Barber City was located in the western portion of the current city of Westminster.

The city has attracted large numbers of immigrants, refugees, and LGBTQ+ groups due to historic accessibility and community that had been built.[4] One of the most notable examples of this is the influx of a Vietnamese refugee population during the 1970s due to the Vietnam War.[7] Westminster hosts a portion of Little Saigon, the largest population of ethnically Vietnamese people outside of Vietnam. The heart of the enclave runs along Bolsa Avenue,[7] where historic shops such as Danh's Pharmacy[8] (one of the first Vietnamese businesses on the street) and cultural icons like Asian Garden Mall[9] (also known as Phước Lộc Thọ) line the street. The area is the first officially recognized Vietnamese business enclave.[4][10]

Geography

According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of Script error: No such module "convert"., all land. The San Diego Freeway and a short segment of the Garden Grove Freeway pass through Westminster.

Westminster is bordered by the city of Seal Beach on the west, by Garden Grove on the north and east, and by Huntington Beach and Fountain Valley on the south. Santa Ana, the county seat of Orange County, is east of Westminster, although a small portion of Garden Grove lies between the two cities. Westminster borders the unincorporated area of Midway City, except for a small portion where Midway City borders Huntington Beach on the south. The Little Saigon district of the town is mostly situated on Bolsa Avenue between Magnolia Street and Brookhurst Street.[11]

Climate

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Demographics

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Historical population
CensusPop.Template:Sronly%±
1890585—
19001,590Script error: No such module "String".%
19104,550Script error: No such module "String".%
19207,997Script error: No such module "String".%
193014,822Script error: No such module "String".%
194016,115Script error: No such module "String".%
195023,433Script error: No such module "String".%
196033,663Script error: No such module "String".%
197060,076Script error: No such module "String".%
198071,133Script error: No such module "String".%
199078,118Script error: No such module "String".%
200088,207Script error: No such module "String".%
201089,701Script error: No such module "String".%
202090,911Script error: No such module "String".%
U.S. Decennial Census[12]
1850–1870[13][14] 1880–1890[15]
1900[16] 1910[17] 1920[18]
1930[19] 1940[20] 1950[21]
1960[22] 1970[23] 1980[24]
1990[25] 2000[26] 2010[27] 2020[28]

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Westminster city, California – Racial and Ethnic Composition
<templatestyles src="Nobold/styles.css"/>Note: the US Census treats Hispanic/Latino as an ethnic category. This table excludes Latinos from the racial categories and assigns them to a separate category. Hispanics/Latinos may be of any race.
Race / Ethnicity (NH = Non-Hispanic) Pop 1980[29] Pop 1990[30] Pop 2000[31] Pop 2010[32] Pop 2020[28] % 1980 % 1990 % 2000 % 2010 % 2020
White alone (NH) 54,977 44,907 31,962 22,972 17,962 77.29% 57.49% 36.24% 25.61% 19.76%
Black or African American alone (NH) 475 795 764 700 853 0.67% 1.02% 0.87% 0.78% 0.94%
Native American or Alaska Native alone (NH) 571 347 293 132 146 0.80% 0.44% 0.33% 0.15% 0.16%
Asian alone (NH) 6,317 17,105 33,511 42,414 46,513 8.88% 21.90% 37.99% 47.28% 51.16%
Native Hawaiian or Pacific Islander alone (NH) 393 324 415 0.45% 0.36% 0.46%
Other race alone (NH) 226 68 101 113 250 0.32% 0.09% 0.11% 0.13% 0.27%
Mixed race or Multiracial (NH) x x 2,045 1,870 2,427 x x 2.32% 2.08% 2.67%
Hispanic or Latino (any race) 8,567 14,896 19,138 21,176 22,345 12.04% 19.07% 21.70% 23.61% 24.58%
Total 71,133 78,118 88,207 89,701 90,911 100.00% 100.00% 100.00% 100.00% 100.00%

2020

The 2020 United States census reported that Westminster had a population of 90,911. The population density was Script error: No such module "convert".. The racial makeup of Westminster was 23.1% White, 1.0% African American, 0.8% Native American, 51.4% Asian, 0.5% Pacific Islander, 14.3% from other races, and 8.8% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 24.6% of the population.[33] The most reported ancestries were:[34]

The census reported that 99.3% of the population lived in households, 0.3% lived in non-institutionalized group quarters, and 0.4% were institutionalized.[33]

There were 27,025 households, out of which 34.6% included children under the age of 18, 52.5% were married-couple households, 5.1% were cohabiting couple households, 26.0% had a female householder with no partner present, and 16.4% had a male householder with no partner present. 16.1% of households were one person, and 9.3% were one person aged 65 or older. The average household size was 3.34.[33] There were 21,111 families (78.1% of all households).[35]

The age distribution was 19.1% under the age of 18, 9.6% aged 18 to 24, 23.8% aged 25 to 44, 28.9% aged 45 to 64, and 18.6% who were 65Script error: No such module "String".years of age or older. The median age was 42.8Script error: No such module "String".years. For every 100 females, there were 95.4 males.[33]

There were 27,910 housing units at an average density of Script error: No such module "convert"., of which 27,025 (96.8%) were occupied. Of these, 53.7% were owner-occupied, and 46.3% were occupied by renters.[33]

In 2023, the US Census Bureau estimated that the median household income was $82,686, and the per capita income was $34,477. About 14.0% of families and 15.8% of the population were below the poverty line.[36]

2010

At the 2010 census Westminster had a population of 89,701. The population density was Script error: No such module "convert".. The racial makeup of Westminster was 32,037 (35.7%) White (25.6% Non-Hispanic White),[37] 849 (0.9%) African American, 397 (0.4%) Native American, 42,597 (47.5%) Asian, 361 (0.4%) Pacific Islander, 10,229 (11.4%) from other races, and 3,231 (3.6%) from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 21,176 persons (23.6%). A total of 36,058 residents were of Vietnamese ancestry (40.2% of city residents), the highest concentration of Vietnamese Americans of any community in the United States.[38]

The census reported that 89,031 people (99.3% of the population) lived in households, 381 (0.4%) lived in non-institutionalized group quarters, and 289 (0.3%) were institutionalized.

There were 26,164 households, 10,759 (41.1%) had children under the age of 18 living in them, 14,986 (57.3%) were opposite-sex married couples living together, 3,681 (14.1%) had a female householder with no husband present, 1,810 (6.9%) had a male householder with no wife present. There were 1,114 (4.3%) unmarried opposite-sex partnerships, and 151 (0.6%) same-sex married couples or partnerships. 4,247 households (16.2%) were one person and 2,170 (8.3%) had someone living alone who was 65 or older. The average household size was 3.40. There were 20,477 families (78.3% of households); the average family size was 3.74.

The age distribution was 20,920 people (23.3%) under the age of 18, 8,568 people (9.6%) aged 18 to 24, 24,065 people (26.8%) aged 25 to 44, 23,356 people (26.0%) aged 45 to 64, and 12,792 people (14.3%) who were 65 or older. The median age was 38.7 years. For every 100 females, there were 97.8 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 96.4 males.

There were 27,650 housing units at an average density of 2,751.5 per square mile, of the occupied units 15,135 (57.8%) were owner-occupied and 11,029 (42.2%) were rented. The homeowner vacancy rate was 1.5%; the rental vacancy rate was 7.3%. 51,408 people (57.3% of the population) lived in owner-occupied housing units and 37,623 people (41.9%) lived in rental housing units.

During 2009–2013, Westminster had a median household income of $52,633, with 16.7% of the population living below the federal poverty line.[37]

Government

Westminster city vote
by party in presidential elections
Year Democratic Republican Third Parties
align="center" style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading"|2020[39] align="center" style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading"|44.66% 18,738 align="center" style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading"|53.81% 22,577 align="center" Template:Party shading/Independent|1.53% 644
align="center" style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading"|2016[40] align="center" style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading"|54.80% 16,785 align="center" style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading"|39.43% 12,078 align="center" Template:Party shading/Independent|5.77% 1,767
align="center" style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading"|2012[41] align="center" style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading"|50.00% 14,607 align="center" style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading"|47.59% 13,902 align="center" Template:Party shading/Independent|2.41% 704
align="center" style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading"|2008[42] align="center" style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading"|42.08% 13,069 align="center" style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading"|56.03% 17,402 align="center" Template:Party shading/Independent|1.89% 586
align="center" style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading"|2004[43] align="center" style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading"|34.71% 10,501 align="center" style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading"|64.16% 19,413 align="center" Template:Party shading/Independent|1.13% 341
align="center" style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading"|2000[44] align="center" style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading"|42.73% 11,453 align="center" style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading"|53.87% 14,439 align="center" Template:Party shading/Independent|3.40% 912
align="center" style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading"|1996[45] align="center" style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading"|41.33% 9,945 align="center" style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading"|48.34% 11,630 align="center" Template:Party shading/Independent|10.33% 2,486
align="center" style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading"|1992[46] align="center" style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading"|32.35% 8,935 align="center" style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading"|43.48% 12,011 align="center" Template:Party shading/Independent|24.17% 6,677
align="center" style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading"|1988[47] align="center" style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading"|32.88% 9,058 align="center" style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading"|65.83% 18,133 align="center" Template:Party shading/Independent|1.29% 356
align="center" style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading"|1984[48] align="center" style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading"|25.76% 7,246 align="center" style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading"|73.09% 20,561 align="center" Template:Party shading/Independent|1.15% 323
align="center" style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading"|1980[49] align="center" style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading"|25.40% 6,805 align="center" style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading"|65.52% 17,553 align="center" Template:Party shading/Independent|9.08% 2,432

In the California State Legislature, Westminster is in Template:Representative, and in Template:Representative.[50]

In the United States House of Representatives, Westminster is in California's 45th congressional district, represented by Democrat Derek Tran.[51]

In the Orange County Board of Supervisors, Westminster is in first district represented by Janet Nguyen since 2024.

Westminster has a city council form of local government.[52] The city council is the legislative body of Westminster, and councilmembers are elected to four-year terms in their respective districts, a total of four. The city council focuses on maintaining order and resolving issues to progress development of the city. Westminster also has a mayor who is elected at-large by the citywide electorate. Currently, the Westminster City Council is made up of:

  • Chi Charlie Nguyen, Mayor (elected in 2022)[53]
  • Amy Phan West, Councilmember, District 1 (elected in 2022)[54]
  • Carlos Manzo, Vice Mayor, District 2 (elected in 2020)[55]
  • Mark Nguyen, Councilmember, District 3 (elected in 2024)[56]
  • NamQuan Nguyen, Councilmember, District 4 (elected in 2022)[57]

Crime

2023 Uniform Crime Report data[58]
Aggravated Assault Homicide Rape Robbery Burglary Larceny Theft Motor Vehicle Theft Arson
Westminster 271 3 15 92 434 1,739 281 10

Economy

Top employers

According to the city's 2017 Comprehensive Annual Financial Report,[59] the top employers in the city are:

# Employer # of Employees
1 Westminster School District 1,029
2 Kindred Hospital-Westminster 450
3 Walmart 346
4 Target 325
5 City of Westminster 320
6 Macy's 300
7 Honda World 217
8 Westminster High School 200
9 J. C. Penney Co 185

Business sector

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File:Westminster Mall Entrance.JPG
Westminster Mall entrance in 2009

The city's major shopping mall was Westminster Mall, which consisted of more than 180 stores. The mall was located south of the 405 freeway, between Goldenwest Street and Edwards Street. Westminster's Little Saigon community is home to the Asian Garden Mall (Phước Lộc Thọ), a large Asian mall.

Since joining the Sequential Brands company, the DVS Shoes footwear brand relocated from Torrance, California to Westminster. The company's headquarters is located on Fenwick Lane.[60]

Education

Four school districts have boundaries that cover parts of Westminster:[61]

Huntington Beach Union HSD operates Westminster High School, while Garden Grove USD operates La Quinta High School.

Some sections of HBUHSD Westminster are zoned to Ocean View High School.[62]

Asahi Gakuen, a part-time Japanese school, leases La Quinta on Saturdays for its Orange County campus.[63] Previously Bolsa Grande High School in Garden Grove, next to Westminster housed the Asahi Gakuen Orange County campus.[64]

Infrastructure

Transportation

Orange County Transportation Authority operates bus service in Westminster.[65]

Water services

Water in Westminster is supplied by the City of Westminster Water Division, which sources its water from the Metropolitan Water District of Southern California via Municipal Water District of Orange County. This water is imported from Northern California and the Colorado River. In addition, groundwater is pumped from an underground aquifer managed by Orange County Water District by 9 wells within the city.[66]

Landmarks

File:Westminister Mortuary Park Statue.jpg
Memorial Park and Mortuary Statue of the "Boat People"
  • A memorial for the victims of the Pan Am plane involved in the Tenerife Disaster of March 27, 1977, is located in Westminster.
  • The Vietnam War Memorial is located Sid Goldstein Freedom Park, next to the Westminster Civic Center. The project was initiated by Westminster City Councilman Frank G. Fry in 1997 and completed in 2003.[67]
  • Final resting place for frontman Bradley Nowell of the band Sublime. Nowell died of a heroin overdose in his San Francisco hotel room on May 25, 1996.
  • A statue is dedicated to Trần Hưng Đạo, with the road Bolsa Avenue given an alternative name "Đại Lộ Trần Hưng Đạo", translating to "Trần Hưng Đạo Boulevard".
  • Westminster Museum

Notable people

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References

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  1. ↑ a b c d Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  2. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  3. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  4. ↑ a b c d e Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  5. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  6. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  7. ↑ a b Script error: No such module "Citation/CS1".
  8. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
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  11. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  12. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  13. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  14. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  15. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  16. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  17. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  18. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  19. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  20. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  21. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  22. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  23. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  24. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  25. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  26. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  27. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  28. ↑ a b Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  29. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  30. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  31. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  32. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  33. ↑ a b c d e Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  34. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  35. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  36. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  37. ↑ a b Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  38. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  39. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  40. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  41. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  42. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  43. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  44. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  45. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  46. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  47. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  48. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  49. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  50. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  51. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  52. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  53. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  54. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  55. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  56. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  57. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  58. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  59. ↑ City of Westminster CAFR
  60. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  61. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1". - Text list
  62. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1". - Compare to a map of Westminster
  63. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  64. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  65. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  66. ↑ Westminster 2024 WQR
  67. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  68. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  69. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  70. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  71. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  72. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  73. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  74. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  75. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  76. ↑ Karnow, p. 457.
  77. ↑ Script error: No such module "Citation/CS1".
  78. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  79. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  80. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  81. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
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External links

Template:Sister project Template:Wikivoyage

  • Script error: No such module "Official website".Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".

Template:Geographic Location Template:Westminster, California Script error: No such module "Navbox". Template:Greater Los Angeles Area Template:Authority control

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