Vyšší Brod
Script error: No such module "Settlement short description".Script error: No such module "Infobox".Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".Script error: No such module "Check for conflicting parameters".Expression error: Unexpected < operator Vyšší Brod (Script error: No such module "IPA".; Template:Langx) is a town in Český Krumlov District in the South Bohemian Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 2,600 inhabitants. It is the southernmost municipality in the Czech Republic. Vyšší Brod Monastery, an important historical monument, is located in the town. The historic town centre with the monastery complex is well preserved and is protected as an urban monument zone.
Administrative division
Vyšší Brod consists of eight municipal parts (in brackets population according to the 2021 census):[1]
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- Vyšší Brod (1,861)
- Dolní Drkolná (22)
- Dolní Jílovice (64)
- Herbertov (13)
- Hrudkov (168)
- Lachovice (45)
- Studánky (206)
- Těchoraz (64)
Etymology
The name literally means 'higher ford' in Czech.
Geography
Vyšší Brod is located about Script error: No such module "convert". south of Český Krumlov and Script error: No such module "convert". south of České Budějovice. About two thirds of the municipal territory lie in the Bohemian Forest Foothills, only the western part lies in the Bohemian Forest. The highest point is the mountain Jezevčí vrch at Script error: No such module "convert". above sea level. The municipal territory borders Austria in the south; the Vyšší Brod Pass is located on the state border.
The Vltava River flows through the town. The streams Menší Vltavice and Větší Vltavice flow into the Vltava in Vyšší Brod. The Lipno II Reservoir, built on the Vltava, is located on the northern outskirts of the town.
Climate
Vyšší Brod's climate is classified as humid continental climate (Köppen: Dfb; Trewartha: Dclo). Among them, the annual average temperature is Script error: No such module "convert"., the hottest month in July is Script error: No such module "convert"., and the coldest month is Script error: No such module "convert". in January. The annual precipitation is Script error: No such module "convert"., of which July is the wettest with Script error: No such module "convert"., while April is the driest with only Script error: No such module "convert".. The extreme temperature throughout the year ranged from Script error: No such module "convert". on 10 February 1956 to Script error: No such module "convert". on 27 July 1983.[2]
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History
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Vyšší Brod was founded on an old trade route near a ford across the Vltava, hence the name. The first written mention of the settlement is in the deed of foundation of the Cistercian monastery from 1259, where Vok I of Rosenberg confirmed the donation of a large area for the benefit of this monastery and mentioned the market settlement of Vyšší Brod and the church. The settlement was probably founded much earlier.[3]
In 1870, Vyšší Brod was promoted to a town by Emperor Franz Joseph I. After 1918, the coexistence of the German-speaking majority and the Czech minority stabilized. After World War II, most of the ethnic German population was expelled and was resettled by mostly non-native population. The Iron Curtain was established and the monastery was forcibly abolished.[3]
After the opening of borders in 1989, the town's importance strongly grew due to the direct road to the border crossing at Studánky / Weigetschlag.[3] In 1990, the monks returned to the monastery.[4]
Demographics
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Transport
Vyšší Brod lies on the railway line of local importance from Rybník to Lipno nad Vltavou.
The road border crossing Studánky / Weigetschlag is located at the Vyšší Brod Pass in the municipal territory.
Sights
The Cistercian Vyšší Brod Monastery with the Church of the Assumption of the Virgin Mary is the most important building and the main landmark of the town. For its value, it is protected as national cultural monument.[5] The monastery complex also houses a postal museum, a branch of the Prague Postal Museum.
The Church of Saint Bartholomew is located on the town square. It was originally an early Gothic building, documented already in 1259, when the monastery was founded. The oldest preserved part of the church is the chancel, which dates from the second half of the 13th century. Modifications were made in the 16th and 17th centuries. In 1715, the church was extended. In the second half of the 19th century, the tower was restored to its Gothic appearance.[6]
The second landmark of the town square is the Old Town Hall. It was originally a house from 1524, which was rebuilt into the town hall after the 1569 fire. Its present neo-Gothic form is a result of the reconstruction from 1883. Until 1947, the building served as a town hall. Today it houses the tourist infocentre.[7]
In Loučovice is a Marian pilgrimage site called Maria Rast. The pilgrimage tradition began there in 1844. The complex of the pseudo-Gothic buildings with the Chapel of Maria Rast was built in 1888–1890. The way to the chapel is lined by the Stations of the Cross dating from 1898.[8]
Notable people
- Leopold Wackarž (1810–1901), Cistercian abbot general, died here
- Franz Isidor Proschko (1816–1891), Austrian writer
Honours
The asteroid No. 121089, which was discovered in 1999 by Miloš Tichý from the Kleť Observatory, was named after the town.
References
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External links
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