Vicente Yáñez Pinzón
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Vicente Yáñez Pinzón (Template:IPAc-es) (c. 1462 – after 1514) was a Spanish navigator and explorer, the youngest of the Pinzón brothers. Along with his older brother, Martín Alonso Pinzón (c. 1441 – c. 1493), who captained the Pinta, he sailed with Christopher Columbus on the first voyage to the New World, in 1492,[1] as captain of the Niña.[2]
Personal life
Pinzón was born in Palos de la Frontera on the Atlantic coast of Huelva, youngest of the three prominent sons of seaman Martín Pinzón and his wife Mayor Vicente.[3] His birth year is uncertain; it is generally given as c. 1462;Script error: No such module "Unsubst". Juan Gil concludes from legal documents that his two daughters were over the age of 20 in 1509, that it certainly cannot be later than 1469.[4] 1469 would be quite a late date, given that there is record of him being a corsair or privateer (with his older brother Martín Alonso) in Mediterranean waters between 1477 and 1479 when other towns failed to provide Palos with an adequate supply of grain in wartime.[5][6]
He married twice: first to Teresa Rodríguez, by whom he had two daughters, Ana Rodríguez Pinzón and Juana González Pinzón;[4] second, probably in 1509, to Ana de Trujillo, who some surviving documents refer to as "Ana Núñez de Trujillo".[7]
It would appear that he was based in Palos at least up to and including the time of Columbus's first voyage (1492); by 1495 he was living in nearby Moguer; after the economic failure of his 1499–1500 expedition,[8] he appears to have moved no later than 1502 to Seville. He may have moved there to escape creditors.[9] Historian Juan Gil, researching Pinzón's family life, found strong circumstantial evidence that his first wife left behind a mansion in Triana, across the river from Seville: her own property, not his, which passed into the hands of their daughters.[10]
The last primary record of him is in 1514, in Seville or Triana. According to the chronicler Gonzalo Fernández de Oviedo y Valdés, he died that year, probably at the end of September. It is not known precisely where he is buried, though Oviedo expressed confidence that it was in the cemetery of Triana.[11]
Career
In 1499, Pinzón sailed to the South American coast. Pinzón eventually disembarked on the shore called "Praia do Paraíso", in present-day Cabo de Santo Agostinho of the state of Pernambuco, or further northwest, in what is today Fortaleza (capital of the Brazilian state of Ceará). According to the Treaty of Tordesillas (1494) between the Crown of Castile and Portugal, Castile (later Spain) could make no claim, but the place was named "Cabo de Santa María de la Consolación" by Pinzón. He also sighted the Amazon River and ascended to a point about fifty miles from the sea.[12] He called it the "Río Santa María de la Mar Dulce" ("River of Saint Mary of the Fresh Water Sea") on account of the vastness of the fresh water river mouth, and he thus became the first European explorer to discover an estuary of the Amazon River. Pinzón is also considered the discoverer of the Oiapoque River.Script error: No such module "Unsubst".
Unlike other members of the Pinzón family, he always remained loyal to his onetime commander, and in the probings of the pleitos he resisted every official effort to draw out of him anti-Columbus statements.[12]
In 1505, Pinzón was named commander-in-chief and corregidor of the island of Puerto Rico. This was to be the first administrative step in the colonization of the island called "Borinquén" by its Taino inhabitants and "San Juan Bautista" by the Christopher Columbus. However, Pinzón did not fulfill this commission.[13] In 1508, he travelled with Juan Díaz de Solís to South America. No record exists of Pinzón after 1514.Script error: No such module "Unsubst".
Legacy
In 1832, botanists Mart. & Zucc. published Pinzona, a genus of flowering plants belonging to the family Dilleniaceae and named in honour of Vicente Yáñez Pinzón.[14]
Together with his brother, Vicente Yáñez Pinzón is the namesake of Pinzón Island in the Galápagos.
On November 19, 1999, a statue of Pinzón and his brother was dedicated in Palos de la Frontera, Spain, on the occasion of the fifth centennial of the discovery of Brazil and of the brotherhood with the city, Cabo de Santo Agostinho, Brazil.Script error: No such module "Unsubst".
See also
References
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- ↑ Personal narrative of the first voyage of Columbus to America: From a manuscript recently discovered in Spain, T. B. Wait and Son, 1827. p. 216. Online at Google Books. A version in modern Spanish—Text for 11-16 February Template:Webarchive—can be accessed online at artehistoria.jcyl.es.
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- ↑ Script error: No such module "Footnotes".. On p. 754, Gil characterizes the failure as "el muy serio quebrante experimentado en 1500."
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Bibliography
Template:Library resources box English
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Spanish
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- Izquierdo Labrado, Julio (1987) Palos de la Frontera en el Antiguo Régimen (1380-1830) Huelva: Instituto de Cooperación Iberoamericana y Ayuntamiento de Palos de la Frontera
- Izquierdo Labrado, Julio (2004) Palermos ilustres Huelva: Ayuntamiento de Palos de la Frontera Template:ISBN
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- Ortega, Fray Ángel (1925) La Rábida. Historia documental y crítica 4 vols. Sevilla.
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External links
- "Vicente Yáñez Pinzón. Los Viajes Andaluces". Geocities.com. Template:In lang
- Ayuntamiento de Palos de la Frontera, Template:In lang
- Hermanos Pinzón, Enciclopedia GER Template:In lang
- The Life and Voyages of Christopher Columbus (PDF), by Washington Irving. NLJ.gov.jm.
- Voyages and discoveries of the companions of Columbus
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- 1460s births
- 16th-century deaths
- Spanish maritime navigators
- 16th-century South American people
- People from Palos de la Frontera
- 15th-century Castilians
- 16th-century Spanish people
- 15th-century Spanish explorers
- Spanish West Indies
- Spanish explorers of South America