List of rice cultivars

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File:Rice grains (IRRI).jpg
Rice can come in many shapes, colours and sizes.

This is a list of rice cultivars, also known as rice varieties. There are several species of grain called rice.[1] Asian rice (Oryza sativa) is most widely known and most widely grown, with two major subspecies (indica and japonica) and over 40,000 varieties.[2] Also included in this list are varieties of African rice (Oryza glaberrima) and wild rice (genus Zizania).

Rice may vary in genetics, grain length, color, thickness, stickiness, aroma, growing method, and other characteristics, leading to many cultivars. For instance, over nine major rice cultivars exist to make sake alone.[3] The two subspecies of Asian rice, indica and japonica, can generally be distinguished by length and stickiness. Indica rice is long-grained and unsticky, while japonica is short-grained and glutinous.[4]

Rice can also be divided based on processing type into the two broad categories of brown and white. Brown rice is whole grain, with only the inedible hull of the seed removed, while white rice additionally has the bran and germ removed through the process of milling.[5] Milled rice may not necessarily actually be white in color; there are purple, black, and red variants of rice, which can be eaten whole grain or milled.

The cultivars listed in this article may vary in any number of these characteristics, and most can be eaten whole grain or milled (brown or white). However, there are often strong cultural preferences for one or the other, depending on variety and region.

North American varieties

  • Texas rice
  • Texmati
  • Brazos
  • Gulfrose
  • Madison
  • Pecos
  • Rico
  • Wild rice (Zizania aquatica)

California varieties

Canadian varieties

  • Northern Wild rice (also known as Canadian Wild rice (Zizania palustris))

Carolina varieties

Texas varieties

Louisiana varieties

  • Blue Rose
  • Earl
  • Mercury
  • Nato
  • Pecan rice
  • Popcorn rice
  • Vista

African varieties

Australian varieties

File:CSIRO ScienceImage 3576 Rice panicle at sunset.jpg
Rice being grown in Australia
  • Doongara
    • semi-dwarf long grain, hard cooking (high amylose)
  • Illabong
  • Koshihikari
  • Kyeema
    • tall long grain, fragrant
  • Langi
    • semi-dwarf long grain, soft jade cooking (low amylose)
  • Opus
    • semi-dwarf short grain Japonica style
  • Reiziq
    • semi-dwarf medium grain
  • Sherpa
    • semi-dwarf medium grain
  • Topaz
    • semi-dwarf fragrant long grain

Bangladeshi varieties

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Bhutanese varieties

File:Зерно красного риса.jpg
A single grain of Bhutanese red rice

Burmese varieties

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  • Paw hsan hmwe
  • Emahta (Script error: No such module "Lang".)Script error: No such module "Unsubst".
  • LetyezinScript error: No such module "Unsubst".
  • Ngasein (Script error: No such module "Lang".)Script error: No such module "Unsubst".
  • Byat (Script error: No such module "Lang".)Script error: No such module "Unsubst".
  • Black glutinous rice
  • White glutinous rice

Cambodian varieties

  • Bonla Pdao (Script error: No such module "Lang".)
  • Cammalis – extra long jasmine rice
  • Long Rice
  • Neang Khon (Script error: No such module "Lang".)
  • Neang Minh (Script error: No such module "Lang".) – long grain rice
  • Phka Khnhei (Script error: No such module "Lang".) – fragrant variety, Script error: No such module "lang". meaning "flower"
  • Phkar Malis (Script error: No such module "Lang".) – Cambodia Jasmine Rice
  • Senchey Brand (Script error: No such module "Lang".) is a low glycemic index rice (GI=55), medium grain, photosensitive period, traditional seeds
  • Senkraob (Script error: No such module "Lang".)
    • Won the National Best Rice Award in 2017 have been certified as Medium Glycemic Index (GI) of 62 based on rigorous testing performed by Temasek Polytechnic Glycemic Index Research Unit (GIRU)
  • Phka Romdul (Script error: No such module "Lang".)
  • Red Rice (Script error: No such module "Lang".)
  • White rice (Script error: No such module "Lang".)
  • Sen Pi Dao (Script error: No such module "Lang".)
  • Riang cheay (Script error: No such module "Lang".)
  • Srauv Pong Rolork (Script error: No such module "Lang".)
  • Srauv Ha Mort (Script error: No such module "Lang".)
  • Srauv IR (Script error: No such module "Lang".)

Chinese varieties

Dominican varieties

  • Cristal 100
  • Idiaf 1
  • Inglés Corto
  • Inglés Largo
  • Juma 57
  • Juma 58
  • Juma 66
  • Juma 67
  • Prosequisa 4
  • Prosequisa 5
  • Prosequisa 10
  • Toño Brea
  • Yocahú CFX-18

French varieties

Greek varieties

  • Blue Rose[7]
  • Carolina
  • Glassé
  • Nychaki
  • Parboiled

Indian varieties

File:Khyma and Basmati rice.jpg
Two cultivars of rice from India compared: khyma (left) and basmati (right)

Until 1970, India had about 110,000 varieties of rice and now it has about 6,000 varieties.[8]

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Rice varieties of Maharastra

  • Kasbai
  • Indrayani
  • Kolum
  • Ambemohar
  • Gobindobhog
  • Ponni
  • Ambika

Rice varieties of Punjab and Haryana

Basmati and premium non-basmati rice grows in Punjab and Haryana region of India, such as:[14][15][16]

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Rice varieties of Andhra Pradesh

Andhra Pradesh are home to hundreds of rice varieties, such as:[17][18][19][20] Script error: No such module "Template wrapper".Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".

Rice varieties of Karnataka

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Rice varieties of Odisha

File:Kalanamak rice.jpg
De-husked and milled Kalanamak rice in India
  • Nalihati (non-aromatic)
  • Padmakeshari (aromatic)
  • Kalamoti (aromatic)
  • Balami (aromatic)
  • Kalajiri (aromatic)
  • Tulasibasa (aromatic)
  • Pimpudibasa (aromatic)
  • Swarna (non-aromatic)
  • Nalabainsi (non-aromatic)
  • Pateni (non-aromatic)
  • Ratna (IET-1411)[24][25]

Rice varieties of Bihar

  • Katarni rice
  • patna rice
  • Badshah bhog
  • Rajendra Sweta
  • Manjari
  • Tulsi

Rice varieties of Kerala

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Rice varieties of Tamil Nadu

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Rice varieties of Telangana

West Bengal rice varieties

There are possibly up to 82,700 varieties of rice extant in India, and of those more than 5000 were found in West Bengal. However, only 150 of them are commonly grown. Many are grown organically to compete with more modern cultivars. The Agricultural Training Centre of West Bengal exists to conserve and promote the use of folk rice varieties, including many listed below.[29] Script error: No such module "Template wrapper".Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".

Indonesian rice varieties/landraces

In Indonesia, there are at least 45 varieties of rice for wet-field production (sawah) and 150 varieties of rice for dry-field production.[30] Script error: No such module "Template wrapper".Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".

Iranian varieties

Many varieties of rice are cultivated in Iran. A few of them are listed below.

Italian varieties

File:Pannocchia di Maratelli.jpg
Maratelli rice before harvest in Italy

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Japanese varieties

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Malaysian varieties

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Nepali varieties

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Pakistani varieties

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Philippine varieties

File:Balatinaw (or Balatinao) black rice from the Philippines 01.jpg
Balatinaw (or Balatinao), an heirloom black rice from Mountain Province, Philippines

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Portuguese varieties

  • Ariete
  • Arroz da terra
  • Carolino
  • Ponta rubra
  • Valtejo

Sri Lankan varieties

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Spanish varieties

File:Bomba-Rice.jpg
Bomba rice
  • Albufera (premium pearly round rice)
  • Bahia (pearly round rice)
  • Balilla x Sollana (pearly round rice)
  • Bomba (premium pearly round rice)
  • Calasparra (premium pearly round rice)
  • Fonsa (pearly round rice)
  • Gleva (pearly round rice)
  • Guadiamar (crystalline medium rice)
  • J.Sendra (pearly round rice)
  • Marisma (pearly round rice)
  • Puntal (crystalline long rice)
  • Senia (pearly round rice)

Taiwanese varieties

File:Oryza sativa-japonica Penglai.jpg
Penglai rice
File:Oryza sativa-indica Zailai.jpg
Zailai rice

Thai varieties

File:2014 uncooked Thai jasmine rice.jpg
Jasmine rice from Thailand

Vietnamese varieties

  • Dự Hương Rice
  • Nàng Thơm Chợ Đào Rice
  • Nếp cái hoa vàng
  • Nếp cẩm Rice
  • Nếp Tú Lệ
  • Tài Nguyên Rice
  • Tám Xoan Rice
  • ST24 Rice – Top 3 world's best rice awarded in 2018
  • ST25 Rice – The 1st world's best rice awarded 2019 and 2023
    • Cultivated in Sóc Trăng province – Mekong Delta (Southern Vietnam), researched and developed by Hồ Văn Cua and his team.
      • Long grain rice with fragrant, soft, tasty taste.

See also

References

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Template:Varieties of rice Template:Breed Template:Authority control

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