Union Carbide India Limited
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Union Carbide India Limited (UCIL) was a chemical company founded in 1934. At the time of its rebranding in 1994, UCIL employed 9,000 people.[1][2] UCIL was 50.9% owned by Union Carbide and Carbon Corporation (UCC) located in the United States and 49.1% by Indian investors including the Government of India and government-controlled banks.[3]
UCIL produced batteries, carbon products, welding equipment, plastics, industrial chemicals, pesticides and marine products. In 1984, a gas leak occurred at a UCIL facility located in Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, that was responsible for manufacturing various chemical products, primarily pesticides.[4] The incident killed thousands of people, and harmed hundreds of thousands more by causing chronic illnesses.[4] At the time of the disaster, UCIL was ranked twenty-first in size among companies operating in India. It had revenues of Template:Currency billion (then equivalent to Template:Currency million).
The formation of the pesticides and herbicides that were produced by Union Carbide was from carbaryl which is used as a base chemical in order to react with methyl isocyanate and alpha naphthol.[4] In 1970, there was an issue with the methyl isocyanate unit being built (MIC) in Bhopal. The issue was due to the location of the unit which was nearby a railroad station and a heavily populated area.[4]
Bhopal disaster
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A gas leak happened between the nights of December 2 and 3, 1984 in Bhopal.[4] This gas leak killed thousands of people. Some survivors developed cancer and other health related impairments.[4]
A case was filed against the company which consisted of multiple players and negotiations. The Indian government also filed a lawsuit right after the parentis-partial act passed.[4] This act gave the victims of this tragedy representation. This led the mobilization of various victims which started the development of different activist organizations. Bhopal registered a claim of $10 billion, based on United States injustice claim standards. The Indian government claim of $3.3 billion was settled for $470 million.[4] In 1994, UCC sold its entire stake in UCIL to Mcleod Russel India Limited of Calcutta, which renamed the company Eveready Industries India Limited. The proceeds from the UCIL sale (Template:Currency million) were placed in a trust to fund a hospital in Bhopal to care for victims of the tragedy.
In February 1989, the Supreme Court of India directed UCC and UCIL to pay $470 million to settle all claims arising from the tragedy. The government, UCC and UCIL agreed with the ruling, and the two companies paid the settlement on 24 February.[5][6]
References
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External links
- International Campaign For Justice For The Victims Of The Bhopal Disaster
- CSIR Report on Bhopal Disaster, December 1985. PDF
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