Uganda National Liberation Front
Template:Short description Script error: No such module "Unsubst". Script error: No such module "Infobox".Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". The Uganda National Liberation Front (UNLF) was a political group formed by exiled Ugandans opposed to the rule of military dictator Idi Amin. The UNLF had an accompanying military wing, the Uganda National Liberation Army (UNLA). UNLA fought alongside Tanzanian forces in the Uganda–Tanzania War that led to the overthrow of Amin's regime. The group ruled Uganda from the overthrow of Amin in April 1979 until the disputed national elections in December 1980.
Creation
The UNLF was formed as an outcome of a meeting of Ugandan exiles from 24 to 26 March 1979 in the northern Tanzanian town of Moshi. In the meeting, known as the Moshi Conference, 28 groups were represented. The most important groups that united to form UNLA included Kikosi Maalum led by Milton Obote (with Tito Okello and David Oyite Ojok as commanders); FRONASA led by Yoweri Museveni;Script error: No such module "Footnotes".Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". and the Save Uganda Movement.Script error: No such module "Footnotes".Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
| Unit | Leader(s) | Base(s) |
|---|---|---|
| Obote's faction (Uganda People's Congress, Kikosi Maalum)Script error: No such module "Footnotes".Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".Script error: No such module "Footnotes".Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". | Milton Obote | Tanzania,Script error: No such module "Footnotes".Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Kenya, Zambia, United KingdomScript error: No such module "Footnotes".Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". |
| FRONASAScript error: No such module "Footnotes".Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".Script error: No such module "Footnotes".Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". | Yoweri Museveni | TanzaniaScript error: No such module "Footnotes".Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". |
| Save Uganda MovementScript error: No such module "Footnotes".Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". | Akena p'Ojok, William Omaria, Ateker EjaluScript error: No such module "Footnotes".Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".Script error: No such module "Footnotes".Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".Script error: No such module "Footnotes".Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". | Tanzania, UgandaScript error: No such module "Footnotes".Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". |
| Uganda Liberation Group (Z)Script error: No such module "Footnotes".Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".Script error: No such module "Footnotes".Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". | Immanuel OtengScript error: No such module "Footnotes".Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Milton Obote (de facto)Script error: No such module "Footnotes".Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". |
ZambiaScript error: No such module "Footnotes".Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". |
| Uganda National MovementScript error: No such module "Footnotes".Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". | John Barigye, Crown Prince of AnkoleScript error: No such module "Footnotes".Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". | ZambiaScript error: No such module "Footnotes".Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". |
| Uganda Human Right GroupScript error: No such module "Footnotes".Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". | George KanyeihambaScript error: No such module "Footnotes".Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". | United KingdomScript error: No such module "Footnotes".Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". |
| Uganda Action GroupScript error: No such module "Footnotes".Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". | Paulo MuwangaScript error: No such module "Footnotes".Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". | United KingdomScript error: No such module "Footnotes".Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". |
| Popular Front for the Liberation of UgandaScript error: No such module "Footnotes".Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". | John OdongkaraScript error: No such module "Footnotes".Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". | United StatesScript error: No such module "Footnotes".Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". |
| Uganda Freedom UnionScript error: No such module "Footnotes".Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". | Godfrey Binaisa (?)Script error: No such module "Footnotes".Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". | United StatesScript error: No such module "Footnotes".Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". |
| Relief Educational Training Uganda Refugees Now (RETURN)Script error: No such module "Footnotes".Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". | Festo KivengereScript error: No such module "Footnotes".Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". | United StatesScript error: No such module "Footnotes".Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". |
| Uganda National Unity and ReconciliationScript error: No such module "Footnotes".Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". | Eric Otema AlimadiScript error: No such module "Footnotes".Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". | TanzaniaScript error: No such module "Footnotes".Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". |
| Uganda SocietyScript error: No such module "Footnotes".Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". | Yusuf Lule, Martin AlikerScript error: No such module "Footnotes".Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". | KenyaScript error: No such module "Footnotes".Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". |
| Uganda Discussion GroupScript error: No such module "Footnotes".Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". | Tarsis Kabwegyere (?)Script error: No such module "Footnotes".Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". | KenyaScript error: No such module "Footnotes".Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". |
| Uganda Nationalist OrganizationScript error: No such module "Footnotes".Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". | Robert SerumagaScript error: No such module "Footnotes".Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". | KenyaScript error: No such module "Footnotes".Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". |
| Uganda Liberation MovementScript error: No such module "Footnotes".Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". | Dani Wadada Nabudere (?)Script error: No such module "Footnotes".Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". | KenyaScript error: No such module "Footnotes".Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". |
| Nairobi Consultative CommitteeScript error: No such module "Footnotes".Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". | Tarsis Kabwegyere, D.W. NabudereScript error: No such module "Footnotes".Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". | KenyaScript error: No such module "Footnotes".Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". |
| Negotiating Committee for Democratic UnityScript error: No such module "Footnotes".Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". | Dani Wadada Nabudere (?)Script error: No such module "Footnotes".Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". | TanzaniaScript error: No such module "Footnotes".Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". |
| Moshi Discussion GroupScript error: No such module "Footnotes".Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". | ?Script error: No such module "Footnotes".Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". | TanzaniaScript error: No such module "Footnotes".Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". |
| Ad Hoc Committee for Promotion of UnityScript error: No such module "Footnotes".Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". | Yash Tandon, Mahmood Mamdani (?)Script error: No such module "Footnotes".Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". | TanzaniaScript error: No such module "Footnotes".Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". |
| Muthaiga Discussion GroupScript error: No such module "Footnotes".Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". | Aliker (?)Script error: No such module "Footnotes".Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". | KenyaScript error: No such module "Footnotes".Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". |
Governance
The UNLF was governed by an 11-member Executive Council originally chaired by Yusuf Lule who was the Uganda President at that time, with the vice-chairman being Akena P' Ojok, who was Uganda's then vice president. The UNLF was accompanied by a National Consultative Council (NCC) with one member for each of the 28 groups represented at the meeting. Its military arm, UNLA, fought side by side with the Tanzania People's Defence Force (TPDF) in the Uganda-Tanzania War and invaded Uganda, taking Kampala in April 1979 and sending Amin to exile. There were other party members of UNLF across the country and in the regions formed to coordinate the activities of UNLF.
Overthrowing of Idi Amin
Following the overthrow of Amin on 11 April 1979, a new UNLF government was formed under Yusuf Lule with the UNLA becoming the new national army. The leadership of the UNLF was unstable, with infighting leading to the ousting of Lule in June 1979. His replacement, Godfrey Binaisa, ruled for less than twelve months before being placed under house arrest in May 1980 following an effective coup by Paulo Muwanga. A Presidential Commission was installed with elections planned for December 1980. The exiles who formed the UNLF needed to put aside their political differences to do so. They were only united by one thing: an opposition to Amin. For this reason, the UNLF did not contest the elections with its members supporting various parties.
Following a widely disputed victory for the Uganda People's Congress (UPC) led by former president Milton Obote, many of the UNLF founding members would go on to fight against the now UPC-controlled UNLA. The UNLA was defeated on January 25, 1986 by the guerrillas of the National Resistance Army (NRA) led by Yoweri Museveni, a former member of the UNLF executive council and a minister in the UNLF government. There was a tribal conflict between the Acholi and Langi, that led to the coup d'état making Tito Okello Lutwa president of the republic.
References
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Works cited
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