1,3,5-Trithiane

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
(Redirected from Trithiane)
Jump to navigation Jump to search

Template:Short description <templatestyles src="Chembox/styles.css"/>

Template:Chembox image cellTemplate:Chembox AllOtherNamesTemplate:Chembox headerbarTemplate:Chembox IndexlistTemplate:Chembox JmolTemplate:Chembox ChEMBLTemplate:Chembox ECHATemplate:Chembox E numberTemplate:Chembox IUPHAR ligandTemplate:Chembox UNIITemplate:Chembox CompToxTemplate:Chembox headerbarTemplate:Chembox SolubilityInWaterTemplate:Chembox headerbarTemplate:Chembox OHS (set)Template:Chembox GHS (set)Template:Chembox Datapage checkTemplate:Chembox Footer
1,3,5-Trithiane
Template:Chembox image sbs cell
Template:Longitem Template:Unbulleted list
ChEBI Template:Unbulleted list
ChemSpider Template:Unbulleted list
DrugBank Template:Unbulleted list
EC Number Template:Unbulleted list
KEGG Template:Unbulleted list
Template:Longitem Template:Unbulleted list
RTECS number Template:Unbulleted list
Script error: No such module "collapsible list".
Script error: No such module "collapsible list".
Template:Longitem C3H6S3
Molar mass 138.27
Appearance Colourless solid
Density 1.6374 g/cm3[1]
Melting point Template:Chembox CalcTemperatures
Solubility Benzene
NFPA 704 (fire diamond) Template:NFPA 704 diamond

Template:Chembox Footer/trackingScript error: No such module "TemplatePar".Template:Short description

1,3,5-Trithiane is the chemical compound with the formula (CH2S)3. This heterocycle is the cyclic trimer of the otherwise unstable species thioformaldehyde. It consists of a six-membered ring with alternating methylene bridges and thioether groups. It is prepared by treatment of formaldehyde with hydrogen sulfide.[2]

Trithiane is a building block molecule in organic synthesis, being a masked source of formaldehyde. In one application, it is deprotonated with organolithium reagents to give the lithium derivative, which can be alkylated.[3]

(CH2S)3 + RLi → (CH2S)2(CHLiS) + RH
(CH2S)2(CHLiS) + RTemplate:PrimeBr → (CH2S)2(CHRTemplate:PrimeS) + LiBr
(CH2S)2(CHRTemplate:PrimeS) + H2O → RTemplate:PrimeCHO + ....

Trithiane is the dithioacetal of formaldehyde. Other dithioacetals undergo similar reactions to the above.

It is also a precursor to other organosulfur reagents. For example, chlorination in the presence of water affords the chloromethyl sulfonyl chloride:[4]

(CH2S)3 + 9 Cl2 + 6 H2O → 3 ClCH2SO2Cl + 12 HCl
File:SymTrithiane.jpg
Sample of sym-trithiane.

Trithianes

Trithiane is the parent of a class of heterocycles called trithianes, that formally result from substitution of various monovalent groups for one or more of the hydrogen atoms. The species often arise from thiation of ketones and aldehydes. The incipient thioketones and thioaldehydes undergo trimerization. One example is 2,2,4,4,6,6-hexamethyl-1,3,5-trithiane, or trithioacetone, the trimer of thioacetone (propane-2-thione). Alternatively 1,3,5-trithiane can be deprotonated and alkylated to afford (SCH2)n(SCHR)3-n.[5]

The conformation of trithianes has been well investigated.[6]

File:ThioacetoneTrimer.svg

References

  1. David R. Lide, ed. Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, 85th Edition, Internet Version 2005. CRC Press, 2005.
  2. Bost, R. W.; Constable, E. W. "sym-Trithiane" Organic Syntheses, Collected Volume 2, p.610 (1943). http://orgsyn.org/Content/pdfs/procedures/CV2P0610.pdf
  3. Seebach, D.; Beck, A. K. "Aldehydes From sym-Ttrithiane: n-Pentadecanal" Organic Syntheses, Collected Volume 6, p.869 (1988). http://orgsyn.org/Content/pdfs/procedures/CV6P0869.pdf
  4. Paquette, L. A.; Wittenbrook, L. S. "2-Chlorothiirane 1,1-Dioxide" Organic Syntheses, Collected Volume 5, p.231 (1973). http://orgsyn.org/Content/pdfs/procedures/CV5P0231.pdf
  5. Script error: No such module "Citation/CS1".
  6. Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".