Tugh (village)
Script error: No such module "For". Script error: No such module "Settlement short description".Script error: No such module "Infobox".Template:Template otherScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".Script error: No such module "Check for conflicting parameters".Expression error: Unexpected < operator.
Tugh (Template:Langx) or Togh (Template:Langx) is a village in the Khojavend District of Azerbaijan, in the region of Nagorno-Karabakh. The village had a mixed Armenian-Azerbaijani population before the First Nagorno-Karabakh War, the Azerbaijani inhabitants fled the fighting in 1991,[1] and the Armenian population fled the village during the 2020 Nagorno-Karabakh war.
History
.jpg){kind=link}
The village and the neighboring fortress of Script error: No such module "lang". (Template:Langx) are first mentioned in the 9th century, as the capital of the Principality of Dizak.[2] In 854, Esayi Abu-Muse, the Prince of Dizak, resisted an Abbasid army under the command of Bugha al-Kabir at Ktish for more than a year.[3] Ktish began to be called Togh starting in the 15th century.[3]
The 13th-century monastery of Gtichavank, and ruins of some churches including the 13th-century St. Stepan Church are located near the village. The village church is named St. Hovhannes (John's) and was built in 1736. A few of the Yeganyan meliks are buried in the yard of St. Hovhannes Church.[2]
In 1737, Armenian prince (melik) Yegan built Togh's Melikian Palace here. The principality survived until the last prince, Yesayi Melik-Avanian, was killed by Ibrahim Khalil Khan in 1781, after a long-lasting resistance in the fortress of Ktish. The village was a part of the Karabakh Khanate until 1822, when it was annexed by Russia and became part of the Elisabethpol Governorate.
In 1903, a hospital was built and three years later a village school was opened which has functioned as a middle school in the present-day.[2] A new school was built in 1978, which was renovated for the first time in 2008 by the Armenia Fund.[4] The village also has a house of culture, a movie theater and a library.[2]
During the Soviet period, the village was part of the Hadrut District of the Nagorno-Karabakh Autonomous Oblast.
During the First Nagorno-Karabakh War, in March 1988, Armenian armed militia detachments were formed to defend the village from Soviet and Azerbaijani attacks.[2] The village came under Armenian control on 30 October 1991.[5] As a result of the war, local Azerbaijani villagers were forced to flee and many settled in the Beylagan District of Azerbaijan. After the First Nagorno-Karabakh War, the village was administrated as part of the Hadrut Province of the breakaway Republic of Artsakh.[2]
The village's Armenian population was displaced due to its capture by Azerbaijan on 9 October 2020, during the 2020 Nagorno-Karabakh war.[6] The Artsakh Human Rights Ombudsman stated that there were reports of two civilians that had been killed, with one of them having been beheaded.[7][8]
Historical heritage sites
Historical heritage sites in and around the village include the fortress of Ktish (Template:Langx, also Ktishberd, Script error: No such module "Lang".) from between the 9th and 13th centuries, a 12th/13th-century khachkar, the monastery of Gtichavank (Template:Langx) built between 1241 and 1246, a cemetery from between the 17th and 19th centuries, St. John's Church (Template:Langx) built in 1736, Togh's Melikian Palace (Template:Langx) built in 1737, and St. Stephen's Church (Template:Langx) built in 1747.[9]
Economy and culture
In 2015, the population was mainly engaged in agriculture and animal husbandry, and the village had a municipal building, a house of culture, a secondary school, a kindergarten, an art school, and a medical centre.[9] The Kataro winery was opened by the Avetisyan family in 2010 in the village.[10][11]
Demographics
According to the Russian Empire census in 1897, where the village was mentioned as Tug (Template:Langx), it had a population of 1,728 consisting of 1,482 Armenian Apostolics and 246 Muslims. The village had 857 men and 871 women.[12]
In 1921, the village had 1,589 Armenian inhabitants.[13] In 1974, there were 1,228 inhabitants,[2] and in 1987 there were 1,421 inhabitants.[2]
The Azerbaijani inhabitants of the village, as well as the inhabitants of the village of Salaketin in the Hadrut District, were forced to flee their homes as a result of Armenian armed formations' hostilities during the First Nagorno-Karabakh War.[1]
In 2005, the village had an Armenian-majority population of 679 inhabitants,[14] and in 2015 there were 756 inhabitants.[9]
Gallery
-
18th-century St. John's Church
-
Buildings of Togh's Melikian Palace
-
18th-century St. Stephen's Church
-
WWII monument
-
Third Annual Artsakh wine festival in the village
-
Exhibition of artworks at the Artsakh wine festival in the village
.jpg){kind=link}
Notable people
- Javad Malik-Yeganov - Azerbaijani Governor-General of Lankaran
- Aslan Mukhtarov - Azerbaijani scientist, recipient of the USSR State Prize.[15]
- Ayriev Armen Tevanovich - Armenian Hero of the Soviet Union
- Vigen S. Grigoryan - Armenian battalion commander during the First Nagorno-Karabakh War
References
<templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" />
- ↑ a b Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ a b c d e f g h Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ a b Tovma Artsruni and Anon, History of the House of Artruni, Yerevan 1985, pp. 297–98, 522.
- ↑ Reconstruction of Togh Village School Completed
- ↑ NKR President: Togh Liberation Was Historically Important
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ a b c Cite error: Script error: No such module "Namespace detect".Script error: No such module "Namespace detect".
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ Results of 2005 census of the Nagorno-Karabakh Republic.
- ↑ Azerbaijani Soviet Encyclopedia. V. I.
Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
External links
Template:Khojavend District Template:Hadrut Province Template:Authority control Template:Portal bar