Tin(IV) sulfide

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Tin(IV) sulfide
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Template:Longitem Template:Chembox Elements/molecular formula
Molar mass Template:Chem molar mass
Appearance Gold-yellow powder
Odor Odorless
Density 4.5 g/cm3[1]
Melting point Template:Chembox CalcTemperatures
Solubility Soluble in aq. alkalis, decompose in aqua regia[1]
Insoluble in alkyl acetates, acetone[2]
Template:Longitem Rhombohedral, hP3[3]
Template:Longitem P3m1, No. 164[3]
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a = 3.65 Å, c = 5.88 Å[3]
α = 90°, β = 90°, γ = 120°
Template:Longitem Octahedral (Sn4+)[3]

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Tin(IV) sulfide is a compound with the formula Template:Chem/link. A brown, water-insoluble solid, it is a semiconductor with band gap 2.2 eV.[4] It occurs naturally as the rare mineral berndtite.[5]

Synthesis and structure

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Fragment of the SnS2 lattice. Color code: yellow = S, gray = Sn.

The compound precipitates as a brown solid upon the addition of Template:Chem/link to solutions containing tin(IV) species. This reaction is reversed at low pH. It can also be prepared by heating finely ground Sn with excess sulfur.[6]

The compound crystallizes in the cadmium iodide motif, with the Sn(IV) situated in "octahedral holes' defined by six sulfide centers.[7]

The material reacts with sulfide salts to give a series of thiostannates with the formula Template:Chem/link.[8] A simplified equation for this depolymerization reaction is:

Template:Chem/link + Template:Chem/link → Template:SfracTemplate:Chem/link

Potential uses

Crystalline Template:Chem/link has a bronze color and is used in decorative coating[9] where it is known as mosaic gold.

Tin (IV) sulfide has various uses in electrochemistry. It serves as an anode in prototypes of lithium-ion batteries.[10] Intercalation with organometallic reagents is reversible.[11]

It has also been evaluated as a component of supercapacitors, which could be used for energy storage.[12]

See also

References

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  1. ↑ a b c Template:CRC90
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  3. ↑ a b c d e Template:Cite FTP
  4. ↑ Script error: No such module "Citation/CS1".
  5. ↑ Vaughan, D. J.; Craig, J. R. "Mineral Chemistry of Metal Sulfides" Cambridge University Press, Cambridge: 1978. Template:ISBN.
  6. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  7. ↑ Wells, A.F. (1984) Structural Inorganic Chemistry, Oxford: Clarendon Press. Template:ISBN.
  8. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  9. ↑ Holleman, A. F.; Wiberg, E. "Inorganic Chemistry" Academic Press: San Diego, 2001. Template:ISBN.
  10. ↑ Script error: No such module "Citation/CS1".
  11. ↑ Script error: No such module "Citation/CS1".
  12. ↑ Script error: No such module "Citation/CS1".

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External links

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Template:Tin compounds Template:Sulfides

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