Teresópolis

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File:Teresopolis,Vista da Pedra do Sino.jpg
Panoramic view of Teresópolis, from Pedra do Sino

Teresópolis (Script error: No such module "IPA".) is a Brazilian municipality located in the state of Rio de Janeiro, in a mountainous region known as Região Serrana. The Serra dos Órgãos National Park lies partly within the city limits. The city is known as the home of the Brazil national football team, since it hosts CBF's training ground at Granja Comary.[1]

History

File:Fundacao de Teresópolis.jpg
Founding of Teresopolis by then Governor of Rio de Janeiro, Francisco Portela on July 6, 1890.

Before the arrival of the Portuguese to the area where Teresópolis lies today, in the 16th century, it was inhabited by indigenous Brazilians. In the following centuries, Portuguese started buying land there. The region was also occupied by a quilombo, formed by runaway slaves coming from sugar cane plantations near Rio de Janeiro.

In 1821, English citizen George March (born and raised in Portugal) established a farm there, which later became the most important settlement along the way between the court, in Rio de Janeiro, and the territory of Gerais (nowadays, the state of Minas Gerais), which led to the great improvement of agriculture and cattle raising.

The Brazilian imperial family was much impressed by the natural beauty and the climate of the region, which developed slowly so that in 1855 the settlement became a village that was named Freguesia de Santo Antonio de Paquequer.

The further development of the village was due to the traders that came from Minas Gerais in the way to Rio de Janeiro, and used the region as a resting stop. Finally, on July 6, 1891, the village became a municipality that was named Teresópolis ("city of Teresa"), after Empress Teresa Cristina, wife of Emperor Pedro II.

The uncontrolled growth of Teresópolis and other cities of the mountainous region near Rio de Janeiro led to the construction of a great number of houses in mountainous terrain or on the banks of rivers. This fact, together with a 24-hour rainfall that exceeded what was expected for the entire month, caused a series of floods and mudslides in January 2011. More than 400 people died and thousands lost their houses in the event, which is considered the worst weather-related tragedy in Brazilian history. .[2][3]

Geography

According to the 2010 Brazilian Census, the city has a population of 163,746 within a land area of 770,6 km2. The Serra dos Órgãos National Park is in the vicinity. Its predominant vegetation belongs to the Atlantic Forest type. The city is surrounded by forests and by well-known summits or peaks, because of which the city is known as the national capital of mountaineering. The most famous peaks are:

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Of these, Dedo de Deus ("God's finger") is the most famous.

The municipality contains the Script error: No such module "convert". Montanhas de Teresópolis Municipal Nature Park, created in 2009 to protect a large area of Atlantic Forest.[4] The municipality contained the Script error: No such module "convert". Floresta do Jacarandá Environmental Protection Area, but this was extinguished in 2013.[5][6] It contains the Script error: No such module "convert". Bacia dos Frades Environmental Protection Area, created in 1990.[7] The municipality contains 20% of the Script error: No such module "convert". Três Picos State Park, created in 2002.[8] It contains part of the Central Rio de Janeiro Atlantic Forest Mosaic of conservation units, created in 2006.[9]

Climate

Teresópolis features a subtropical highland climate (Köppen climate classification: Cfb), with relatively cold and dry winters and mild and wet summers. The annual average temperature is 16 °C/60.8 °F.

Teresópolis has one of the mildest climates in Brazil[10] and this is one reason why the area has been chosen as Brazilian Football Confederation's training headquarters, hosting the Brazil national football team, located in Granja Comary.Script error: No such module "Unsubst".

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Religion

According to data from the 2010 census, the municipal population is composed of Catholics (42.3%), Evangelicals (34.0%), people without religion (16.7%), Spiritists (2.8%) and 4.1% are divided between other religions.[91] Regarding the total number of members of religious institutions in 2010, according to their creed: Catholicism (total of 69,157 members) — Roman Apostolic (68,732 members), Brazilian Apostolic (406 members) and Orthodox Catholic (159 members); Protestantism (total of 55,675 members) — Evangelical Mission (11,387 members), Lutheran (133 members), Presbyterian (483 members), Methodist (2,576 members), Baptist (7,437 members), Congregational (63 members), Seventh-day Adventist (696 members), Assembly of God (10,344 members), Christian Congregation (261 members), Brazil for Christ (186 members), Foursquare (219 members), Universal Kingdom of God (1,166 members), House of Blessing (64 members), God Is Love (260 members), Christian Maranatha (75 members), New Life (65 members), Evangelical Community (34 members), Pentecostal (10,196 members), Undetermined Evangelical (21,418 members), Other Christian religions (2,180 members); Mormon (total of 352 members); Jehovah's Witnesses (total of 1,939 members); Spiritism (total of 4,662 members); Spiritualism (total of 94 members); Umbanda (total of 482 members); Candomblé (total of 40 members); Judaism (total of 313 members); Hinduism (total of 18 members); Buddhism (total of 201 members); New Eastern religions (total of 201 members) — World Church of Messiah (112 members), Others (88 members); Islam (total of 9 members); Esoteric traditions (total of 124 members); Indigenous traditions (total of 70 members); No religion (total of 27,383) — No religion (declared by 24,706), Atheism (declared by 2,550) and Agnosticism (declared by 127); Undetermined or poorly defined religiosity (total of 570).[11]

Divisions

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Gallery

Sister cities

Teresópolis' sister cities are:

References

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External links

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Official

Tourism

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