Tanwir al-Miqbas
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Tanwir al-Miqbas, fully known as Tanwir al-Miqbas min Tafsir Ibn Abbas (Template:Langx) is a book of Tafsir; comprising exegesis and interpretation of the Qur'an. The book contains narrations of disputed authenticity which are attributed to the 7th-century Islamic scholar and Sahabi, Ibn Abbas. It was first compiled by the Persian Islamic scholar, Firuzabadi.
History and content
Tanwir al-Miqbas is a compilation of narrations regarding exegesis and interpretation of the Qur'an that are attributed to Ibn Abbas, of varying authenticity.[1][2][3][4] These narrations were first copied down and then collected by the scholar Firuzabadi who subsequently published a complete compilation of these narrations all into one book.[1] The content in this book is considered atypical for a Tafsir work, especially one attributed to a Sahabi.[2]
Authenticity
A good number of Islamic scholars have clarified that the narrations in the book cannot be authentically attributed to Ibn Abbas. Dr. Mokrane Guezzou, who first translated the Tanwir al-Miqbas book into English, says the following in the introduction of the work:[3]
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There is no doubt that this commentary is not the work of Ibn Abbas. The chain of transmitters of this commentary goes back to Muḥammad ibn Marwan, to al-Kalbi, to Abu Salih, which is described by Hadith experts as the chain of lies (Silsilat al-Kadhib), for this line of transmission is utterly dubious and unreliable.
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Taqi Usmani, in his work Uloomu-l-Qur'an, agrees that Tanwir al-Miqbas cannot be attributed to Ibn Abbas and also comments on the unreliability of the chain of transmission of the narrations in the book:[5]
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It is wrong to ascribe it to Ibn Abbas because this book has been based on the reported sequence of Muhammad ibn Marwan as-Suddi from Ibn al-Kalbi from Abi Salih from Ibn Abbas (R) ... this has been regarded by the Muḥaddithīn as a "chain of falsehood."
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Bilal Philips in Usool at-Tafseer states that Tanwir al-Miqbas cannot be relied upon, due to it having Ibn al-Kalbi in the chain of transmission.[1]
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Nearly all of the so-called "Tafsir" of Ibn Abbas is based on statements narrated in chains containing Muhammad ibn as-Sa'ib al-Kalbi. Hence, this tafseer is considered unreliable for the most part; and, despite its popularity among the masses, it is totally rejected by Muslim scholars.
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Phillips then added that, Ibn al-Kalbi was accused of making up Hadith (narrations from Muhammad or his companions, the Sahaba) hence Tanwir al-Miqbas cannot be an authentic work from Ibn Abbas himself.[1]
Abdul-Rahim Reasat, on authority of Faraz Rabbani, stated that Tanwir al-Miqbas could not be relied upon, due to problematic narrators in the chain of transmission:[6]
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The tafsir in question uses the narrations of al-Suddi al-Saghir from al-Kalbi – which are the weakest and most problematic narrations of tafsir ascribed to him.
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See also
- Tafsir Ibnu Abbas which is another book of Tafsir that is attributed to Ibn Abbas
- Tafsir Ibn Kathir
- Tafsir al-Tabari
References
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