Tianqi Emperor
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The Tianqi Emperor (23 December 1605 – 30 September 1627), personal name Zhu Youjiao,Template:Efn was the 16th and penultimate emperor of the Ming dynasty, reigning from 1620 to 1627. He was the eldest son of the Taichang Emperor and an elder half-brother of the Chongzhen Emperor, who succeeded him.
Zhu Youjiao ascended the throne at the age of fifteen, following the sudden death of his father, who had ruled for only one month. The era name of his reign was Tianqi, which means "heavenly opening". Instead of taking an active role in state affairs and pursuing his father's political objectives, the Tianqi Emperor showed little interest and neglected his duties.
He may have suffered from learning disabilities and was illiterate, which hindered his ability to read important documents and understand government matters. As a result, the head of the imperial eunuchs, Wei Zhongxian, took advantage of the situation and seized executive power, along with the emperor's former wet nurse, Madam Ke. While Wei placed his supporters in influential positions in the palace, Madam Ke used her influence to isolate and starve other women in the imperial harem, in order to maintain her own power.
The conservative Confucian moralists of the Donglin movement were dissatisfied with this style of governance and expressed their discontent. In response, the government resorted to harsh repression, resulting in the execution of many officials. This oppressive rule led to worsening conditions for the population during the reign of the Tianqi Emperor, and several popular uprisings had to be confronted by the authorities.
The Tianqi Emperor died in 1627 and was succeeded by his brother, Zhu Youjian, who became known as the Chongzhen Emperor.
Family
- Empress Xiao'aizhe, of the Zhang clan (Script error: No such module "Lang".; 1610–1644), personal name Yan (Script error: No such module "Lang".)
- Zhu Ciran, Crown Prince Huaichong (Script error: No such module "Lang".; 4 November 1623), first son
- Consort Hui, of the Fan clan (Script error: No such module "Lang".), later Imperial Noble Consort
- Princess Yongning (Script error: No such module "Lang".; 1622–1624), personal name Shu'e (Script error: No such module "Lang".), first daughter
- Zhu Ciyu, Crown Prince Daohuai (Script error: No such module "Lang".; 1623–1624), second son
- Consort Rong, of the Ren clan (Script error: No such module "Lang".), later Imperial Noble Consort
- Zhu Cijiong, Crown Prince Xianhuai (Script error: No such module "Lang".; 31 October 1625 – 30 May 1626), third son, died during the Wanggongchang Explosion
- Consort Gonghuichun, of the Duan clan (Script error: No such module "Lang".; 10 May 1607 – 3 July 1629)
- Consort Cheng, of the Li clan (Script error: No such module "Lang".; 1605 – 21 December 1637)
- Princess Huaining (Script error: No such module "Lang".; 1624), personal name Shumo (Script error: No such module "Lang".), second daughter
- Consort Daoshunyu, of the Zhang clan (Script error: No such module "Lang".; 22 August 1606 – 16 September 1623)
- Consort Liang, of the Wang clan (Script error: No such module "Lang".)
- Noble Lady, of the Feng clan (Script error: No such module "Lang".)
- Noble Lady, of the Hu clan (Script error: No such module "Lang".; d. 1623)
See also
Notes
References
Citations
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Works cited
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