Chemosis
Template:Short description Script error: No such module "redirect hatnote". Template:Dist Template:Infobox medical condition (new) Chemosis is the swelling (or edema) of the conjunctiva (the lining of the white of the eye). The term derives from Template:Langx, meaning Template:Gloss, due to the swollen conjunctiva resembling it, and Template:Wikt-lang, meaning Template:Gloss.[1] The swelling is due to the oozing of exudate from abnormally permeable capillaries. In general, chemosis is a nonspecific sign of eye irritation. The outer surface covering appears to have fluid in it. The conjunctiva becomes swollen and gelatinous in appearance. Often, the eye area swells so much that the eyes become difficult or impossible to close fully.[2] Sometimes, it may also appear as if the iris has moved slightly backwards from the white part of the eye, due to the builup of fluid in the conjunctiva. The iris is not covered by the conjunctiva, and so it appears to be moved slightly inwards.
Presentation
Causes
It is usually caused by allergies or viral infections, often inciting excessive eye rubbing. Chemosis is also included in the Chandler Classification system of orbital infections.Script error: No such module "Unsubst".
If chemosis has occurred due to excessive rubbing of the eye, the first aid to be given is a cold water wash for eyes.Script error: No such module "Unsubst".
Other causes of chemosis include:Script error: No such module "Unsubst".
- Superior vena cava obstruction, accompanied by facial oedema
- Hyperthyroidism, associated with exophthalmos, periorbital puffiness, lid retraction, and lid lag
- Cavernous sinus thrombosis, associated with infection of the paranasal sinuses, proptosis, periorbital oedema, retinal haemorrhages, papilledema, extraocular movement abnormalities, and trigeminal nerve sensory loss
- Carotid-cavernous fistula – classic triad of chemosis, pulsatile proptosis, and ocular bruit
- Cluster headache
- Trichinellosis
- Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)
- Angioedema
- Acute glaucoma
- Panophthalmitis
- Orbital cellulitis
- Gonorrheal conjunctivitis
- Dacryocystitis
- Spitting cobra venom to the eye
- Exposure to chemical agents such as phenacyl chloride, pepper spray, or "mace spray"
- Urticaria
- Trauma, including surgical trauma
- Keratitis
- Template:Itco infection
- Rhabdomyosarcoma of the orbit[3]
Diagnosis
An eye doctor may most often diagnose chemosis by doing a physical examination of the affected area. They can also ask questions about the severity and length of other symptoms.Script error: No such module "Unsubst".
Treatment
Treatment depends on the cause of the chemosis.Script error: No such module "Unsubst".
References
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- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ MedlinePlus Health Information from the National Library of Medicine
- ↑ Narang, G.S., Pahwa, J.S. Pediatric Oncall Child Health Care. Fungating orbital mass Question. 8 Feb 2011
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External links
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