Sun (heraldry)
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A representation of the sun is used as a heraldic charge. The most usual form, often called sun in splendour or in his glory, consists of a round disc with the features of a human face surrounded by twelve or sixteen rays alternating straight and wavy,[2][3] which are often said to represent the light and heat of the sun.[4]
It was used as a badge by Edward II of England, and was later adopted by Edward IV following the appearance of a parhelion or "sun dog" before his victory at the Battle of Mortimer's Cross in 1461[3][5] (see also Battle of Mortimer's Cross#Parhelion). It also had significance in alchemy, and may be a symbol of the Roman deity Sol Invictus (Unconquered Sun).[6]
It is a common charge in the heraldry of many countries, regions and cities: e.g. the bearings of Armstrong family in Canada;[7] the Sun in Splendour appears superimposed on the Cross of St. George and behind the White Rose of York on the flag of the West Riding of Yorkshire; and on the arms of Banbury Town Council,[8] England. It also often appears as a rising sun as in the arms of East Devon District Council,[9] England, and as a demi sun as in the coat of Don McLean Aitchison,[10] Canada.
According to historian Diego Abad de Santillán, the Sun of May represents Inti, the Incan god of the sun, and thereby Inca culture.[11] It appears as a heraldic sun in the national flags of Argentina (1818) and Uruguay (1828) and Ecuador (1860), in the flags and shields of the Peru–Bolivian Confederation (1836–1839) and its component the Republic of South Peru, in the flag of Peru of 1822–1825, and in the current flag of the Peruvian Navy (1821).
Examples
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- Sun in splendour, with face
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Arms of Amelot familyScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
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Arms of ArraincourtScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
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Arms of Auzeville-TolosaneScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
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Arms of Basse-TerreScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
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Arms of BassurelsScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
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Arms of CreissetScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
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Arms of Cuba (Portugal)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
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Arms of Dole (Jura)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
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Arms of ÉcijaScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
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Arms of EnnetbürgenScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
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Arms of Fontaines-Saint-MartinScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
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Arms of KänerkindenScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
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Arms of Kamianets-PodilskyScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
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Arms of Khmelnytskyi OblastScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
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Arms of LoukovScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
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Arms of MendeScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
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Flag of the Philippines (1899-1901)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
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Arms of Sankt GilgenScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
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Arms of El SoleràsScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
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Arms of Tarnopol VoivodeshipScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
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Arms of VědomiceScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
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Arms of VěžkyScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
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Arms of Vinnytsia OblastScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
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Arms of Zhytomyr OblastScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
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- Sun in splendour, without face
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Arms of ArchenaScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
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Arms of ArosaScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
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Arms of BarbâtreScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
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Arms of La Baule-EscoublacScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
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Flag of the Colorado Party, in the Uruguayan Civil WarScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
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- Straight rays (mullet)
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Arms of BeriáinScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
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Arms of DobelScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
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Arms of GalarScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
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Flag of the Republic of China (Taiwan)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
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- Wavy rays (estoile)
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Arms of the Diocese of GothenburgScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
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Arms of Jēkabpils districtScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
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- Without rays (roundel)
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- Other forms
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Naval Ensign of JapanScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
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Flag of the PhilippinesScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
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Emblem of the PhilippinesScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
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Coat of arms of British AirwaysScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
See also
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References
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- ↑ English heraldic tradition of the early modern period associates the star and crescent design with Richard, with his victory over Isaac Komnenos of Cyprus in 1192, and with the arms of Portsmouth (Francis Wise A Letter to Dr Mead Concerning Some Antiquities in Berkshire, 1738, p. 18). Heraldic tradition also attributes a star-and-crescent badge to Richard (Charles Fox-Davies, A Complete Guide to Heraldry, 1909, p. 468).
- ↑ James Parker, A glossary of terms used in heraldry. Accessed 13 December 2009
- ↑ a b Dictionary of Vexillology. Accessed 13 December 2009
- ↑ Fox-Davies, A.C., (1969) A complete guide to heraldry. Aylesbury: Thomas Nelson and Sons. p. 222.
- ↑ Encyclopædia Britannica: Edward IV and the AlchemistsScript error: No such module "Unsubst".. Accessed 13 December 2009.
- ↑ Banbury Faith Trail. Accessed 13 December 2009
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