Starr County, Texas

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Starr County is located in the U.S. state of Texas. As of the 2020 census, its population was 65,920.[1] Its county seat is Rio Grande City.[2] The county was created in 1848.[3] It is named for James Harper Starr, who served as secretary of the treasury of the Republic of Texas.

Starr County comprises the Rio Grande City micropolitan statistical area, which also includes other small cities, which itself is part of the larger Rio Grande Valley region. It is directly northeast of the Mexican border.

The county population is almost entirely Hispanic or Latino, with 97.7% of its population identifying as such. It is the county with the highest proportion of Hispanics[4] in the United States. It had continuously voted Democratic for president between 1896 and 2020, but flipped Republican in 2024.

History

From 2000 to 2010, the population of Starr County increased from 53,597 to 60,968.[5]

Geography

According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the county has a total area of Script error: No such module "convert"., of which Script error: No such module "convert". (0.5%) are covered by water.[6]

Major highways

Adjacent counties and municipalities

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National protected area

Demographics

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Historical population
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18602,406—
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18808,304Script error: No such module "String".%
189010,749Script error: No such module "String".%
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195013,948Script error: No such module "String".%
196017,137Script error: No such module "String".%
197017,707Script error: No such module "String".%
198027,266Script error: No such module "String".%
199040,518Script error: No such module "String".%
200053,597Script error: No such module "String".%
201060,968Script error: No such module "String".%
202065,920Script error: No such module "String".%
U.S. Decennial Census[7]
1850–2010[8] 2010–2014[9]

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2020 census

Starr County, Texas – Racial and ethnic composition
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Race / Ethnicity (NH = Non-Hispanic) Pop 2000[10] Pop 2010[11] Pop 2020[12] % 2000 % 2010 % 2020
White alone (NH) 1,082 2,449 1,171 2.02% 4.02% 1.78%
Black or African American alone (NH) 6 15 31 0.01% 0.02% 0.05%
Native American or Alaska Native alone (NH) 27 17 8 0.05% 0.03% 0.01%
Asian alone (NH) 141 119 100 0.26% 0.20% 0.15%
Native Hawaiian or Pacific Islander alone (NH) 15 0 0 0.03% 0.00% 0.00%
Other Race alone (NH) 11 5 98 0.02% 0.01% 0.15%
Mixed race or Multiracial (NH) 37 26 119 0.07% 0.04% 0.18%
Hispanic or Latino (any race) 52,278 58,337 64,393 97.54% 95.68% 97.68%
Total 53,597 60,968 65,920 100.00% 100.00% 100.00%

As of the 2020 United States census, 65,920 people, 16,281 households, and 12,836 families were residing in the county. As of the 2010 United States census, 60,968 people living in the county. About 0.4% were Non-Hispanic White, 0.2% Asian, 0.1% Native American, 0.1% Black or African American, 3.0% of some other race, and 0.5% of two or more races; 95.7% were Hispanic or Latino (of any race). According to the Census Bureau, Starr County had the highest percentage of Hispanic residents of any county in the United States,[13] and the lowest percentage of non-Hispanic White residents.[14]

As of the census[15] of 2000, 53,597 people, 14,410 households, and 12,666 families were living in the county. The population density was Script error: No such module "convert".. The 17,589 housing units had an average density of Script error: No such module "convert".. The racial makeup of the county was 87.92% White, 0.15% African American, 0.25% Native American, 0.28% Asian, 9.95% from other races, and 1.46% from two or more races.

Of the 14,410 households, 54.7% had children under 18 living with them, 66.5% were married couples living together, 17.4% had a female householder with no husband present, and 12.1% were not families. About 11.3% of all households were made up of individuals, and 5.9% had someone living alone who was 65or older. The average household size was 3.69, and the average family size was 4.01.

In the county, the age distribution was 37.4% under the age of 18, 11.0% from 18 to 24, 27.1% from 25 to 44, 16.3% from 45 to 64, and 8.2% who were 65 or older. The median age was 26 years. For every 100 females, there were 94.20 males. For every 100 females 18 and over, there were 88.10 males.

The median income for a household in the county was $16,504, and for a family was $17,556. Males had a median income of $17,398 versus $13,533 for females. The per capita income for the county was $7,069, which is the third-lowest in the United States. About 47.40% of families and 50.90% of the population were below the poverty line, including 59.40% of those under age 18 and 43.30% of those age 65 or over.

As of 2009 the median household income was $22,418.[5]

A key group of Hispanics and Latinos in the county, Tejanos, are, compared to other groups of Hispanics and Latinos, are more likely to describe their race as white. If Hispanic/Latino is not counted as a race, the county is majority white, as 99% of the residents, circa 2021, counted themselves as white. Jack Herrera of Texas Monthly stated that "That means the county isn’t just one of the most Hispanic in the country. It’s also one of the whitest."[16]

Economy

Starr County is especially known for oilseeds and dry beans, one of the highest-producing counties in the state.[17]Template:Rp

Education

Residents of eastern Starr County are zoned to schools in the Rio Grande City Consolidated Independent School District. Residents of western Starr County are zoned to schools in the Roma Independent School District. Residents of northeastern Starr County are zoned to schools in the San Isidro Independent School District.[18]

The Roman Catholic Diocese of Brownsville operates area Catholic schools. Immaculate Conception School, located in Rio Grande City and founded in 1884, is the only Catholic school in Starr County and provides a faith-based pre-K through eighth-grade education to approximately 250 students each year.

All of the county is in the service area of South Texas College.[19]

Government and politics

Law enforcement

In the 1970s and into the 1980s, federal law-enforcement officials concentrated their efforts against drug smuggling on Starr County.[20]

On May 1, 2009, the former sheriff of Starr County, Reymundo Guerra, a Democrat, pleaded guilty in federal court to a narcotics conspiracy charge.[21]

In April 2016, Starr County Justice of the Peace Salvador Zarate Jr., faced up to 20 years imprisonment and a $10,000 fine on two counts of bribery for accepting a $500 bribe in exchange for reducing bond on two persons arrested on narcotics charges in an incident on Christmas Eve 2014. He was found not guilty of possession of a controlled substance. Zarate was expected to appeal any sentence rendered.[22]

Presidential elections

Starr County had long been a strongly Democratic county. However, in 2024, Donald Trump became the first Republican since 1892 to carry the county, ending over 130 years of Democratic dominance.[23] Starr had the longest streak of voting for Democrats in the entire country.[24][25] Its streak was triple the length of Minnesota's Democratic streak, which began in 1976.[26] In 1988, the county gave Michael Dukakis his highest vote share in the nation, as well as Bill Clinton in 1996.[27]

In 2008, Barack Obama won Starr County with 8,274 votes, or 84 percent of the total vote. In 2020, Donald Trump came within five points of winning the county, receiving 8,247 votes (47 percent) to Joe Biden's 9,123 (52 percent).[28][29] This was a major shift from Hillary Clinton's 60-point margin of victory four years earlier, and it represented the strongest pro-Trump swing of any county in the nation. Trump received more than three times as many votes in 2020 compared to 2016 in the county.[16]

In 2024, Trump received a majority of the votes in Starr County, winning it by a 16% margin, which was larger than Trump's 14% margin statewide. Republican U.S. Senator Ted Cruz also concurrently won Starr County in the 2024 U.S. Senate election in Texas.[30] Starr County was the lowest-income county in Texas that Trump won, with a median household income of $38,824 in 2023. It is also the county that shifted furthest to the right from 2012 to 2024, having done so by 89 percentage points.[31]

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Communities

As of 2011, Starr County had approximately 55 colonias. By that year, many families were moving to the colonias.[5]

Between the 2000 and 2010 censuses, Starr County went through many changes. Four CDPs were deleted, one gained area, 12 lost area, and 92 new CDPs were created. Only 11 remained unchanged.[32]

Cities

Unincorporated communities

Former communities

Census-designated places

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Former census-designated places

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See also

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References

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  1. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
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  5. ↑ a b c Grinberg, Emmanuella. "Impoverished border town grows from shacks into community Template:Webarchive." CNN. July 8, 2011. Retrieved on July 9, 2011.
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  14. ↑ Census Bureau data, cited in "Minorities now in the majority in nearly 10% of U.S. counties", Associated Press August 8, 2007, Lexington Herald-Leader p A8
  15. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  16. ↑ a b Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
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  19. ↑ Texas Education Code, Sec. 130.199. SOUTH TEXAS COMMUNITY COLLEGE DISTRICT SERVICE AREA..
  20. ↑ Miller, Tom. On the Border: Portraits of America’s Southwestern Frontier, pp. 27-34.
  21. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  22. ↑ Aaron Nelsen, "Star County JP faces jail for bribery", San Antonio Express-News, April 16, 2016, p. A7
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External links

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