Stark Industries

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Template:Short description Script error: No such module "about". Script error: No such module "redirect hatnote". Template:Use mdy dates Script error: No such module "Infobox".Template:Template otherScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Stark Industries, later also known as Stark International, Stark Innovations, Stark Enterprises and Stark Resilient, is a fictional multi-national conglomerate appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics. Created by Frans Robert Bernstein, Stan Lee, and Jack Kirby, the company first appeared in Tales of Suspense #39 (December 1962).[1] Stark Industries is depicted as being owned and run by businessman and namesake Tony Stark, who is also known as Iron Man, and was founded by Tony's father, Howard Stark, from whom he inherited the company.

In the Marvel Cinematic Universe, Stark Industries has a logo modeled after the defense contractor Lockheed Martin[2] and is listed on the New York Stock Exchange as SIA. During the press conference scene, Stark is seen entering a building that resembles the entrance to Lockheed Martin's Skunk Works facility. An airplane similar to the Lockheed YF-22 stood as a statue in front of the Stark Industries facility, much like the prototypes on display at the Skunk Works facility in Palmdale, California.

Publication history

Stark Industries first appeared in Tales of Suspense #40 (April 1963), created by Robert Bernstein, Stan Lee, and Jack Kirby.[1] The company was first identified by name in issue #48.[3]

History

Stark Industries was founded in 1939 by Howard Stark, and then headed by his son Tony after Howard's death. Over the years, through bankruptcy, Tony's "death", Tony's return and hostile takeovers, the company has gone through many name changes including Stark International[4] (later Stane International[5]), Stark Enterprises,[6][7] Stark/Fujikawa[8] and Stark Solutions.[9]

Stark Industries

Functions

Stark Industries is primarily an arms and technology company. It manufactures the armor worn by Iron Man and War Machine, builds the helicarriers used by S.H.I.E.L.D, and produces the Quinjets used by the Avengers.

Staff

Subsidiaries

  • Project: Caribbean (staff unknown)[19] – Stark Industries made an effort to start a plant in Haiti, however it was destroyed by Night Phantom.

Stark International

Originally Stark Industries, the name was changed when the company ceased manufacturing munitions, with Tony handing over the CEO position to Pepper Potts. Eventually, the company was taken over by Obadiah Stane after a hostile takeover and he renamed it Stane International.

Staff

  • Tony Stark – Original Head
  • James Rupert Rhodes – Pilot, later Acting CEO
  • Bambi Arbogast – An executive assistant.[20]
  • Yvette Avril[21] – Worked for the French branch of Stark International and was brought to the US to become vice president of the Long Island facility. She unsuccessfully attempted to save the company when Tony Stark went on a major drinking binge and quit after takeover by Obadiah Stane.
  • Bethany Cabe[5] –
  • Dianne Carruthers[6] –
  • Morley Erwin[22] – Owned Circuits Maximus as well as working Stark International. He is the brother of Clytemnestra Erwin. He also assisted Jim Rhodes in learning to use the Iron Man armor, helped form Circuits Maximus, killed when Obadiah Stane had the Circuits Maximus building bombed[23]
  • Abe Klein – Director of Engineering.[24] – Tony Stark's old electrical engineering professor. Killed by Mordecai Midas.[25]
  • Scott Lang (Ant-Man)[26]
  • Kristine "Krissy" Longfellow – Secretary.[27] She posed as Tony Stark's secretary to be close to him without involving him with a criminal.
  • Harold Marks (Techno-Killer) – A research technician.[28] He left to work for author James Spencer; built an armor to gain respect and vengeance from perceived lack of appreciation
  • Vincent "Vic" Martinelli – A security guard.[29] He was a former soldier and architect who worked for Williams Innovations before working at Stark International. He remained with Obadiah Stane after his hostile takeover due to difficulty in finding a new job.
  • Artemus "Artie" Pithins – Director of Public Relations.[30] He is currently a White House Press Secretary. Quit Stark International after Obadiah Stane took over.
  • Erica Sondheim – Medical Director.[31]
  • Carl Walker – Template:Volume needed
  • Cherry Wood – A scientist.[29] She studied Doctor Octopus' Adamantium arms and dated Stark. She was taken hostage by Doctor Octopus.

Stane International

After driving Tony Stark back to alcoholism, Obadiah Stane wrested control of Stark International from James Rhodes after a hostile takeover and renamed the company after himself. Stane renewed the munitions manufacturing. However, after Stane was killed, the company was run by a mysterious cartel which was eventually bought out and reabsorbed by Stark Enterprises.

Staff

  • Obadiah Stane[5] – CEO of Stane International.
  • Joel Arons[32] – He was involved in a project that kidnapped Myron MacLain. He stole Captain America's proto-adamantium shield
  • Joseph "Joe" Faulkner – general manager.[33]
  • Dr. Edward "Edwin" Earl Hawkins[34] – Designed the Mass Acquisition Unit. He aided Giant Man (Bill Foster) in battling Doctor Nemesis.
  • Karaguchi Inoyawa[35] – Sought to rebuild the Red Ronin for peaceful purposes.
  • Joseph "Joe" Kilman[35] – After being fired for unknown reasons, he sought revenge by trying to take control of Red Ronin
  • Vic Martinelli[4]
  • Michael Craig Stockton (Dr. Nemesis)[36] – Sought to coerce Dr. Hawkins into creating a mass acquisition warhead.

Stark Enterprises

After regaining his personal fortune following Obadiah Stane's death, Tony established a new company, Stark Enterprises, in Los Angeles.

Staff

  • Tony Stark[6] – CEO and founder
  • James Rhodes – Former CEO (when Stark was in suspended animation following his first "death"; quit upon Stark's revival); former pilot
  • Rothvichet Poch[37] – Former lawyer, vice-president and CEO. Alvarez defended Tony Stark in the trial of Kathy Dare.
  • Bambi Arbogast[6] - receptionist and former member of the US Department of Defense. "Tony stark was able to build this in a cave, with a box of scraps!"
  • Veronica Benning/Victoria Michelle[38] – Tony Stark's physiotherapist.
  • Bethany Cabe[39] – Security Chief and former bodyguard of Tony Stark.
  • Diane Carruthers[6] –
  • Lee Clayton[40]
  • Ed Deal[41] – Worked on the VLS-2980 Project.
  • Phillip Grant[42] – Computer hacker.
  • Chester "Chet" Harrigan[40] – Former chauffeur to Tony Stark.
  • Bert Hindel[43] – Former lawyer of Stark Enterprises. He was fired after he failed to clear up the Government civil suits brought on during the Armor Wars storyline. He also unsuccessfully defended Kathy Dare.
  • Happy Hogan[6] –
  • Heuristically Operative-Matrix-Emulation Rostrum (H.O.M.E.R.)[44] – Nearly intelligent computer of Tony Stark.
  • Sarah Jennings[45] – Accounts & Marketing
  • Kylie Normandy[40] –
  • Dr. Cal Oakley[46] – Former employee of Cordco. Oakley assisted in rebuilding Tony Stark's nervous system following his being shot by Kathy Dare.
  • Marcia Jessica "Marcy" Pearson[6] – Former Director of Public Relations and later vice-president. Rhodes fired her when she resented his being named Stark's successor as CEO.
  • Garrison Quint[47] – Chief of security.
  • James Simpson[48] – Security guard. He allowed Edgar Elliot to sabotage Tony Stark's experimental rocket.
  • Dr. Erica Fredrika Sondheim[46] – Medical Director and former surgeon.
  • Wayne Unnier[40]
  • Nick Walcek[40]
  • Atha Williams[43] – Secretary
  • Roderick Withers[49] – Director of Public Relations
  • Abraham Paul "Abe" Zimmer[43] – Research director and former member of the board of directors at Accutech. He was killed by Calico.[50]

Subsidiaries

  • Accutech[43] – Research and Development company, based in California, that was bought out as a subsidiary.[43] The company produced and designed a Beta Particle Generator which was sabotaged by the Ghost. Known staff members include Gilbert O’Connor and Abe Zimmer.
  • Barstow Electronics[51]> – Subsidiary of Stark Enterprises based in California. It employed Carl Walker after Force's faked death.
  • Cordco[46] – Bought out by Stark Enterprises to force Dr. Cal Oakley to implant a biochip in Tony Stark's spine after he was shot by Kathy Dare. Known staff members include Addison Drexel, Edwin Cord, Dr. Cal Oakley, and Basil Sandhurst.
  • Stane International[52] – It was reacquired by Stark from Justin Hammer, who owned SI following Obidiah Stane's death. The company reproduced Stark's original Guardsman armor for use at the Vault. Much of Stane's operations involved disreputable business practices, leading Stark to initiate a major clean-up effort after reacquiring the company.[53]
  • Hot Cup Coffee – Created by Stark using the pseudonym "The Boss".

Stark/Fujikawa

Created by a merger of Stark Enterprises and Fujikawa Industries following the apparent death of Iron Man/Anthony Stark.

Staff

  • Kenjiro Fujikawa – CEO,[54] founder of Fujikawa Industries, father of Rumiko
  • Yu KurinTemplate:Volume needed
  • Tobi KanigawaTemplate:Volume needed
  • Rumiko Fujikawa[54] – Daughter of Kenjiro. She was a skilled businesswoman. Played the role of party-girl to annoy her parents. She was slain by an Iron Man impostor named Clarence Ward.[55]
  • Morgan Stark[9] – Cousin of Tony Stark. Became general manager of Stark-Fujikawa after Tony's "death".

Subsidiaries

  • Fujikawa Industries[56] – The previous version of this company helped form Stark-Fujikawa. A Japanese firm which took over Stark Enterprises following the apparent death of Tony Stark. Known employees include Tso Fwon, Yu Kurin, Tobi Kanigawa and Wilson Fisk.
  • Oracle Incorporated[57] – Formed by Namor, the company was sold to Stark-Fujikawa. Formerly served as the headquarters of Heroes for Hire. After Tony's "death", Bambi Arbogast seconded here. Known employees include Caleb Alexander (who was killed), Carrie Alexander, Allison Grain, Jim Hammond (Human Torch), Robert Losey, Kent Maitland, Phoebe Marrs, Leon McKenzie, Namor McKenzie (former CEO), Rihanna O'Connor, Dr. Anita Savvy, Dr. Richard Savvy, Bambi Arbogast, Josef Went and James "Jimbob" Roberts.
  • Parallel Conglomerate[58] – Subsidiary of Oracle Inc. (which would make it a subsidiary of Stark-Fujikawa). Known employees are Captain Holten Gamble (who was killed on board an oil tanker owned by Parallel Conglomerate)[59] and Oliver Russell.
  • Rand-Meachum – A company formed by Harold Meachum and Wendell Rand,[60] became a subsidiary of Stark-Fujikawa. Known employees include Daniel Rand (Iron Fist), Wendell Rand-K'ai, Leon McKenzie, Harold Meachum, Ward Meachum, Joy Meachum, Jason Quartermaster, Peregrin Took, Martina Tereshkova and Dr. Ilya Faro

Stark Solutions

The fifth company was run/owned by Tony Stark and was founded after his return from another dimension. It was shut down by Tony after he was defamed by Tiberius Stone who was subliminally influencing him.

Staff

Stark Industries/International

The sixth company owned/run by/founded by Tony Stark and was set up after the closure of Stark Solutions. After the events of "The Five Nightmares" and "World Most Wanted" story arcs, Stark Industries went bankrupt and eventually closed down. It was also known as Stark International, both names formerly used in previous incarnations of the company. Its logo being the same as the S.I. Logo in the Iron Man film series.

Staff

  • Tony Stark – CEO
  • Joseph Jeremy "Joe" Arnold[61] – One of the Security Department heads.
  • David Beaumont[61] – One of the Security Department heads.
  • Arturos Benning[62] – One of the Security Department heads
  • F.R.I.D.A.Y.[63]
  • Happy Hogan[7] – Tony Stark's bodyguard. Killed saving Stark from an assassination attempt[64]
  • Michael "Mike" Jochum[61] – One of the Security Department heads.
  • Kurt Kennison[61] – One of the Security Department heads.
  • Takeshis Kobayashi[65] – Head of Research & Development.
  • Archie Merchant[62] – One of the Security Department heads.
  • Pepper Potts[7]
  • Katherine Rennie[66] – Tony Stark's personal secretary.
  • James Rupert Rhodes (War Machine)[7]
  • Jack Rutledge[67] – He was involved in the development of a Gamma Radiation Neutralizing Armor. He was later killed by Richard Cummings for covering up the death of Lisa Cummings.[68]
  • Ryan Zimm[62] – One of the Security Department heads.
  • Gallileo "Leo" Braithwaite[65]
  • Jan Kolins[65]
  • Svengoto Eriksson[9] – Following closure of Stark Solution, he has been given principal data by Tony Stark and then individually reinvented the AI "Jarvis" and armoury of Iron Man suit. During the establishment of Stark Industries, he gave the research result to Tony. Tony admired him and said that the new suit is like giving Tony a "Regent".
  • Martha Johns[69]
  • Geoff Douglat[70]
  • Tessa SpringfieldTemplate:Volume needed
  • Anna WeiTemplate:Volume needed
  • Dr Dave Allen
  • Michael Cline – Supporter
  • Horsars Marvel – Supporter

Reception

Accolades

  • In 2011, Forbes ranked Stark Industries 16th in their "25 Largest Fictional Companies" list.[71]
  • In 2016, Time ranked Stark Industries 3rd in their "18 Most Influential Fake Companies of All Time" list.[72]
  • In 2018, Sideshow ranked Stark Industries 1st in their "Top 10 Superhero Corporations" list.[73]
  • In 2019, CBR.com ranked Stark Industries 8th in their "Top 10 Fictional Marvel Companies" list.[74]

Other versions

Amalgam Comics

In the world of Amalgam Comics, the company is known as Stark Aircraft (itself a merger between Stark Industries and Ferris Aircraft). The only known employees are Janice Doremus, Pepper Ferris, Happy Kalmaku, Stewart Rhodes, Hal Stark.[75]

Marvel 2099

In Marvel 2099 (an alternate future reality set in the year 2099), Stark-Fujikawa is a major corporate power, alongside Alchemax and Roxxon. The only known staff members are Hikaru-Sama and Shudo.[76]

During the "Secret Wars" storyline, a version of Stark-Fujikawa is seen in the Battleworld domain of 2099.[77]

MC2

In the alternate future reality of MC2, the company is known as Stark Global Industries and is owned and run by Tony Stark.[78]

Ultimate Marvel

Stark Industries also appears in the Ultimate universe, as it keeps mostly the same origin as spawned out of Howard Stark's defense company.[79] As well as Stark International in the Ultimate Comics as a competitor to Mandarin International.[80]

Stark Global Solutions Headquarters also appears as a separate company operated in Singapore owned by Tony Stark's older brother Dr. Gregory Stark.[81]

Ultimate Universe

In Earth-6160, a world preceded by alternate history due to the interference of the Maker, the company is known as Stark/Stane, jointly led by business partners Howard Stark and Obadiah Stane. It's one of the main corporations of the technocratic North American Union, a regional power bloc which includes the former United States' territories after its central government dissolved in 1969. It was regarded as essentially running the Union since the private sector superseded the old political order.[82]

After Stane is killed in Latveria and Stark disappears into the city, the Maker's Council takes advantage of the resulting power vacuum and frames Tony Stark as a terrorist due to his opposition to the group, using a Stark/Stane satellite to conduct a false flag attack on Stark Tower, causing thousands of casualties in the Manhattan area.[83] After Wilson Fisk is appointed as Shadow Governor of the New York territory, he asks Oscorp's new CEO, Harry Osborn, to help take care of the company's assets, as they became a matter of political intrigue in the Union. Weeks later, Osborn creates the Green Goblin armor using Stark technology, with the help of Otto Octavius.[84] Some Stark assets end up in the hands of wealthy buyers, with the billionaire Midas taking Howard Stark's first Iron Man armor.[85]

What If?

In a What If story, the company is known as Stark Interplanetary and was the creators of the Irondroids[86]

In other media

Marvel Cinematic Universe

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Television

  • Stark Industries was featured in the 1990s Iron Man TV series. In this show, Julia Carpenter (the second Spider-Woman) is also depicted as the head of Stark Industries' Research and Development.
  • Stark Enterprises appears in the Spider-Man: The Animated Series episodes "Venom Returns" and "Carnage". After Tony Stark invented an inter-dimensional portal device, the demonstration was interrupted when Venom and Carnage stole the device for Baron Mordo, in order to release Dormammu from his dimension to Earth.
  • A Stark Enterprises building can be seen in the X-Men: Evolution episode "On Angels' Wings".
  • Stark International is featured in Iron Man: Armored Adventures. After Howard Stark was abducted by the Mandrarin in a plane crash and presumed dead, Obadiah Stane becomes the CEO of Stark Industries. In "Cold War," it is revealed that Blizzard used to work for Stark Industries until an accident caused by Obadiah Stane left him "deformed and destroyed." In "Designed Only for Chaos," Roberta Rhodes revealed to Tony that Stark Industries used to make weapons until Howard Stark stopped their production when Tony was born. In "Heavy Mettle," Obadiah Stane ends up fired by the chairman of the board after Tony Stark and Roberta Rhodes show the board of directors the footage of Obadiah Stane making a deal with Ghost is shown. In "Hostile Takeover," Justin Hammer ends up buying Stark International and sends Sasha to tell Tony Stark that he will no longer inherit the company when he reaches 18. After the fight with Titanium Man, Whiplash, Killer Shrike, and Unicorn, Tony Stark along with Rhodey and Pepper create a company called Stark Solutions. In "The Hammer Falls," Howard Stark returns and manages to reclaim Stark International after Justin Hammer (when soon buy the secret lair of Stark and secret Stark Solutions) is exposed and defeated by Mr. Fix.
  • Stark Industries is featured in The Super Hero Squad Show.
  • Stark Industries appears in The Avengers: Earth's Mightiest Heroes.
  • Stark Industries' Japanese branch appears in Marvel Anime: Iron Man.
  • A Stark Industries lab appears in Ultimate Spider-Man episode "Flight of the Iron Spider."
  • In the Eureka episode "Once in a Lifetime," Nathan Stark is shown in a building with the name Stark Industries.
  • The Stark Expo is featured in a titular episode of Marvel's Spider-Man.
  • A Stark Industries billboard appears in the X-Men '97 episode "Bright Eyes" when the X-Men went on Madripoor.

Video games

  • A billboard in Spider-Man on the level "Race to the Bugle" features a Stark Solutions logo and the slogan "Consulting in the Future." It was shown on the building just before the Daily Bugle building. A Stark Enterprise building can be seen in the level where Spider-Man chases Venom through New York City.
  • Stark Industries appears in The Punisher video game. The Eternal Sun group raid the company to steal the Iron Man armors.
  • In The Incredible Hulk video game, it was mentioned that Stark Industries built the Hulkbuster armors.
  • A Stark Industries sign is visible in the opening cutscene for Marvel vs. Capcom 3: Fate of Two Worlds when Iron Man is battling Morrigan Aensland.
  • In Spider-Man Shattered Dimensions, the 2099 universe makes repeated mention of Stark-Fujikawa on signs and over intercom announcements.
  • In Spider-Man: Edge of Time, Stark-Fujikawa is mentioned by Walter Sloan as a competitor to Alchemax.
  • In Fortnite during Chapter 2: Season 4, Stark Industries was a mythic location on the map where players could receive items by eliminating Stark-Bots and Iron Man.
  • Stark-Fujikawa is referenced in Lego Marvel Super Heroes 2.

Theme parks

See also

References

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  1. ↑ a b Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  2. ↑ Mooradian, Steve. "‘Iron Man’ movie’s Stark Industries is clearly a spoof of Lockheed Martin" Template:Webarchive Negative99.com, May 5, 2008.
  3. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  4. ↑ a b Gary Friedrich & Tom Orzechowski (w), Arvell Jones & Keith Pollard (p), Jim Mooney (i). "Script error: No such module "String"." Iron Man, no. Script error: No such module "String". (Script error: No such module "Auto date formatter".). Marvel Comics.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  5. ↑ a b c Denny O'Neil (w), Luke McDonnell (p), Steve Mitchell (i). "Script error: No such module "String"." Iron Man, no. Script error: No such module "String". (Script error: No such module "Auto date formatter".). Marvel Comics.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  6. ↑ a b c d e f g Bob Layton Sr & David Michelinie (w), Doc Bright (p), Bob Layton Sr (i). "Script error: No such module "String"." Iron Man Annual, no. Script error: No such module "String". (Script error: No such module "Auto date formatter".). Marvel Comics.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  7. ↑ a b c d Frank Tieri (w), Keron Grant (p), Pierre Andre-Dery, Rich Perrotta & Rob Stull (i). "Script error: No such module "String"." Iron Man vol. 3, no. Script error: No such module "String". (Script error: No such module "Auto date formatter".). Marvel Comics.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  8. ↑ Mark Bernardo, Kurt Busiek, Tom DeFalco, J. M. DeMatteis, Howard Mackie & Mark Waid (w), Mark Bagley, Klaus Janson, Andy Kubert, Rick Leonardi & Aaron Lopresti (p), Jesse Delperdang, Klaus Janson, Aaron Lopresti, Mark Pennington, Rachel Pinnock, Vince Russell & Al Williamson (i). "Script error: No such module "String"." Tales of the Marvel Universe, no. Script error: No such module "String". (Script error: No such module "Auto date formatter".). Marvel Comics.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  9. ↑ a b c d e f Kurt Busiek (w), Sean Chen (p), Eric Cannon (i). "Script error: No such module "String"." Iron Man vol. 3, no. Script error: No such module "String". (Script error: No such module "Auto date formatter".). Marvel Comics.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  10. ↑ a b Robert Bernstein & Sokheang (w), Don Heck (p), Don Heck (i). "Script error: No such module "String"." Tales of Suspense, no. Script error: No such module "String". (Script error: No such module "Auto date formatter".). Marvel Comics.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  11. ↑ Steve Ditko & Len Wein (w), Steve Ditko (p), Steve Ditko (i). "Script error: No such module "String"." Shadow & Light, no. Script error: No such module "String". (Script error: No such module "Auto date formatter".). Marvel Comics.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  12. ↑ Fabian Nicieza (w), Mark Bagley (p), Al Williamson (i). "Script error: No such module "String"." The New Warriors, no. Script error: No such module "String". (Script error: No such module "Auto date formatter".). Marvel Comics.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  13. ↑ Fabian Nicieza (w), Mark Bagley (p), Larry Mahlstedt (i). "Script error: No such module "String"." The New Warriors, no. Script error: No such module "String". (Script error: No such module "Auto date formatter".). Marvel Comics.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  14. ↑ Fury I #1
  15. ↑ Bob Layton Sr & David Michelinie (w), Bob Layton Sr (p), Bob Layton Sr (i). "Script error: No such module "String"." Iron Man, no. Script error: No such module "String". (Script error: No such module "Auto date formatter".). Marvel Comics.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  16. ↑ Archie Goodwin (w), George Tuska (p), Mike Esposito (i). "Script error: No such module "String"." Iron Man, no. Script error: No such module "String". (Script error: No such module "Auto date formatter".). Marvel Comics.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  17. ↑ Robert Bernstein & Stan Lee (w), Don Heck (p), Don Heck (i). "Script error: No such module "String"." Tales of Suspense, no. Script error: No such module "String". (Script error: No such module "Auto date formatter".). Marvel Comics.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  18. ↑ Bob Layton Sr & David Michelinie (w), John Romita Jr (p), Bob Layton Sr (i). "Script error: No such module "String"." Iron Man, no. Script error: No such module "String". (Script error: No such module "Auto date formatter".). Marvel Comics.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  19. ↑ Archie Goodwin (w), Jay Taycee (p), Jay Taycee (i). "Script error: No such module "String"." Iron Man, no. Script error: No such module "String". (Script error: No such module "Auto date formatter".). Marvel Comics.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  20. ↑ Bob Layton Sr & David Michelinie (w), John Byrne & Bob Layton Sr (p), Bob Layton Sr (i). "Script error: No such module "String"." Iron Man, no. Script error: No such module "String". (Script error: No such module "Auto date formatter".). Marvel Comics.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  21. ↑ Bob Layton Sr & David Michelinie (w), John Romita Jr & Bob Layton Sr (p), Bob Layton Sr (i). "Script error: No such module "String"." Iron Man, no. Script error: No such module "String". (Script error: No such module "Auto date formatter".). Marvel Comics.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  22. ↑ Denny O'Neil (w), Luke McDonnell (p), Steve Mitchell (i). "Script error: No such module "String"." Iron Man, no. Script error: No such module "String". (Script error: No such module "Auto date formatter".). Marvel Comics.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  23. ↑ Denny O'Neil (w), Herb Trimpe (p), Ian Akin & Brian Garvey (i). "Script error: No such module "String"." Iron Man, no. Script error: No such module "String". (Script error: No such module "Auto date formatter".). Marvel Comics.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  24. ↑ Len Wein (w), Marie Severin & Herb Trimpe (p), Jack Abel (i). "Script error: No such module "String"." Iron Man, no. Script error: No such module "String". (Script error: No such module "Auto date formatter".). Marvel Comics.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  25. ↑ Bill Mantlo (w), Keith Pollard (p), Fred Kida (i). "Script error: No such module "String"." Iron Man, no. Script error: No such module "String". (Script error: No such module "Auto date formatter".). Marvel Comics.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  26. ↑ David Michelinie (w), John Romita Jr (p), Pablo Marcos (i). "Script error: No such module "String"." Iron Man, no. Script error: No such module "String". (Script error: No such module "Auto date formatter".). Marvel Comics.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  27. ↑ Gerry Conway (w), George Tuska (p), Bob Layton Sr (i). "Script error: No such module "String"." Iron Man, no. Script error: No such module "String". (Script error: No such module "Auto date formatter".). Marvel Comics.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  28. ↑ Glenn Greenberg (w), Paris T Karounos (p), Tim Tuohy (i). "Script error: No such module "String"." Marvel Comics Presents, no. Script error: No such module "String". (Script error: No such module "Auto date formatter".). Marvel Comics.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  29. ↑ a b Roger McKenzie (w), Ken Steacy (p), Ken Steacy (i). "Script error: No such module "String"." Marvel Fanfare, no. Script error: No such module "String". (Script error: No such module "Auto date formatter".). Marvel Comics.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  30. ↑ Bob Layton Sr & David Michelinie (w), John Romita Jr & Bob Layton Sr (p), Bob Layton Sr (i). "Script error: No such module "String"." Iron Man, no. Script error: No such module "String". (Script error: No such module "Auto date formatter".). Marvel Comics.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  31. ↑ David Michelinie (w), John Byrne & Bob Layton Sr (p), Bob Layton Sr (i). "Script error: No such module "String"." Marvel Premiere, no. Script error: No such module "String". (Script error: No such module "Auto date formatter".). Marvel Comics.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  32. ↑ Mike Carlin (w), Paul Neary (p), Dennis Janke (i). "Script error: No such module "String"." Captain America, no. Script error: No such module "String". (Script error: No such module "Auto date formatter".). Marvel Comics.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  33. ↑ David Michelinie (w), Chris Marrinan (p), Keith Williams (i). "Script error: No such module "String"." Amazing Spider-Man, no. Script error: No such module "String". (Script error: No such module "Auto date formatter".). Marvel Comics.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  34. ↑ Dwayne McDuffie (w), Ron Wilson (p), Ken Branch (i). "Script error: No such module "String"." Marvel Comics Presents, no. Script error: No such module "String". (Script error: No such module "Auto date formatter".). Marvel Comics.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  35. ↑ a b Tom DeFlaco (w), Al Milgrom (p), Jose Marzan Jr (i). "Script error: No such module "String"." Solo Avengers, no. Script error: No such module "String". (Script error: No such module "Auto date formatter".). Marvel Comics.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  36. ↑ Tom DeFlaco (w), Mark D. Bright (p), Jose Marzan Jr (i). "Script error: No such module "String"." Solo Avengers, no. Script error: No such module "String". (Script error: No such module "Auto date formatter".). Marvel Comics.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  37. ↑ Bob Layton Sr & David Michelinie (w), Jackson Guice (p), Bob Layton Sr (i). "Script error: No such module "String"." Iron Man, no. Script error: No such module "String". (Script error: No such module "Auto date formatter".). Marvel Comics.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  38. ↑ Len Kaminski (w), Kev Hopgood (p), Steve Mitchell (i). "Script error: No such module "String"." Iron Man, no. Script error: No such module "String". (Script error: No such module "Auto date formatter".). Marvel Comics.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  39. ↑ Len Kaminski (w), Tom Morgan (p), Brad Vancata (i). "Script error: No such module "String"." Iron Man, no. Script error: No such module "String". (Script error: No such module "Auto date formatter".). Marvel Comics.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  40. ↑ a b c d e Kurt Busiek (w), James Fry III (p), Karl Kesel (i). "Script error: No such module "String"." Marvel Super-Heroes vol. 3, no. Script error: No such module "String". (Script error: No such module "Auto date formatter".). Marvel Comics.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  41. ↑ Len Kaminski, David Anthony Kraft & Keith Pollard (w), Keith Pollard (p), Ian Akin & Brian Garvey (i). "Script error: No such module "String"." Marvel Super-Heroes vol. 3, no. Script error: No such module "String". (Script error: No such module "Auto date formatter".). Marvel Comics.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  42. ↑ Len Kaminski (w), Kev Hopgood (p), Steve Mitchell (i). "Script error: No such module "String"." Iron Man, no. Script error: No such module "String". (Script error: No such module "Auto date formatter".). Marvel Comics.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  43. ↑ a b c d e Bob Layton Sr & David Michelinie (w), Bob Layton Sr (p), Bob Layton Sr (i). "Script error: No such module "String"." Iron Man, no. Script error: No such module "String". (Script error: No such module "Auto date formatter".). Marvel Comics.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  44. ↑ Eliot R. Brown (w), Eliot R. Brown (p), Eliot R. Brown (i). "Script error: No such module "String"." Iron Manual, no. Script error: No such module "String". (Script error: No such module "Auto date formatter".). Marvel Comics.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  45. ↑ Bob Layton Sr (w), John Romita Jr (p), Harry Candelario (i). "Script error: No such module "String"." Iron Man, no. Script error: No such module "String". (Script error: No such module "Auto date formatter".). Marvel Comics.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  46. ↑ a b c Bob Layton Sr & David Michelinie (w), Bob Layton Sr (p), Bob Layton Sr (i). "Script error: No such module "String"." Iron Man, no. Script error: No such module "String". (Script error: No such module "Auto date formatter".). Marvel Comics.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  47. ↑ Bob Layton Sr & David Michelinie (w), Doc Bright (p), Bob Layton Sr (i). "Script error: No such module "String"." Iron Man, no. Script error: No such module "String". (Script error: No such module "Auto date formatter".). Marvel Comics.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  48. ↑ Bob DeNatale (w), Larry Alexander (p), Chris Ivy (i). "Script error: No such module "String"." Marvel Super-Heroes vol. 3, no. Script error: No such module "String". (Script error: No such module "Auto date formatter".). Marvel Comics.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  49. ↑ Bob Layton Sr & David Michelinie (w), Bob Layton Sr (p), Bob Layton Sr (i). "Script error: No such module "String"." Iron Man, no. Script error: No such module "String". (Script error: No such module "Auto date formatter".). Marvel Comics.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  50. ↑ Terry Kavanagh (w), Mark Campos & Jim Cheung (p), Mark McKenna (i). "Script error: No such module "String"." Iron Man, no. Script error: No such module "String". (Script error: No such module "Auto date formatter".). Marvel Comics.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  51. ↑ Iron Man #224
  52. ↑ Iron Man #283
  53. ↑ "Crash and Burn", Iron Man #301–306
  54. ↑ a b Kurt Busiek (w), Sean Chen (p), Eric Cannon & Sean Parsons (i). "Script error: No such module "String"." Iron Man vol. 3, no. Script error: No such module "String". (Script error: No such module "Auto date formatter".). Marvel Comics.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  55. ↑ Mark Scott Ricketts (w), Tony Harris (p), Tom Feister & Chip Wallace (i). "Script error: No such module "String"." Iron Man vol. 3, no. Script error: No such module "String". (Script error: No such module "Auto date formatter".). Marvel Comics.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  56. ↑ Peter David (w), Rick Leonardi (p), Al Williamson (i). "Script error: No such module "String"." Spider-Man 2099 Meets Spider-Man, no. Script error: No such module "String". (Script error: No such module "Auto date formatter".). Marvel Comics.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  57. ↑ John Byrne (w), John Byrne (p), Bob Wiacek (i). "Script error: No such module "String"." Namor the Sub-Mariner, no. Script error: No such module "String". (Script error: No such module "Auto date formatter".). Marvel Comics.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  58. ↑ John Byrne (w), John Byrne (p), Bob Wiacek (i). "Script error: No such module "String"." Namor the Sub-Mariner, no. Script error: No such module "String". (Script error: No such module "Auto date formatter".). Marvel Comics.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  59. ↑ John Byrne (w), John Byrne (p), Bob Wiacek (i). "Script error: No such module "String"." Namor the Sub-Mariner, no. Script error: No such module "String". (Script error: No such module "Auto date formatter".). Marvel Comics.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  60. ↑ Doug Moench (w), Larry Hama (p), Doc Giordano (i). "Script error: No such module "String"." Marvel Premiere, no. Script error: No such module "String". (Script error: No such module "Auto date formatter".). Marvel Comics.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  61. ↑ a b c d Joe Casey (w), Frazer Irving (p), Frazer Irving (i). "Script error: No such module "String"." Iron Man: The Inevitable, no. Script error: No such module "String". (Script error: No such module "Auto date formatter".). Marvel Comics.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  62. ↑ a b c Joe Casey (w), Frazer Irving (p), Frazer Irving (i). "Script error: No such module "String"." Iron Man: The Inevitable, no. Script error: No such module "String". (Script error: No such module "Auto date formatter".). Marvel Comics.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  63. ↑ Iron Man vol. 3 #53
  64. ↑ Charles Knauf & Daniel Knauf (w), Patrick Zircher (p), Scott Hanna (i). "Script error: No such module "String"." Invincible Iron Man, no. Script error: No such module "String". (Script error: No such module "Auto date formatter".). Marvel Comics.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  65. ↑ a b c Mark Scott Ricketts (w), Tony Harris (p), Tom Feister (i). "Script error: No such module "String"." Iron Man vol. 3, no. Script error: No such module "String". (Script error: No such module "Auto date formatter".). Marvel Comics.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  66. ↑ Warren Ellis (w), Adi Granov (p), Adi Granov (i). "Script error: No such module "String"." Invincible Iron Man, no. Script error: No such module "String". (Script error: No such module "Auto date formatter".). Marvel Comics.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  67. ↑ Bruce Jones (w), Dougie Braithwaite (p), Bill Reinhold (i). "Script error: No such module "String"." The Incredible Hulk vol. 3, no. Script error: No such module "String". (Script error: No such module "Auto date formatter".). Marvel Comics.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  68. ↑ Bruce Jones (w), Dougie Braithwaite (p), Bill Reinhold (i). "Script error: No such module "String"." The Incredible Hulk vol. 3, no. Script error: No such module "String". (Script error: No such module "Auto date formatter".). Marvel Comics.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  69. ↑ Brian Michael Bendis (w), Frank Cho (p), Frank Cho (i). "Script error: No such module "String"." The New Avengers, no. Script error: No such module "String". (Script error: No such module "Auto date formatter".). Marvel Comics.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  70. ↑ Warren Ellis (w), Adi Granov (p), Adi Granov (i). "Script error: No such module "String"." Invincible Iron Man, no. Script error: No such module "String". (Script error: No such module "Auto date formatter".). Marvel Comics.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  71. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  72. ↑ Script error: No such module "Citation/CS1".
  73. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  74. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  75. ↑ Kurt Busiek (w), Paul Smith (p), Bob McLeod, Al Milgrom, Tom Palmer Jr, Andrew Pepoy & Al Williamson (i). "Script error: No such module "String"." Iron Lantern, no. Script error: No such module "String". (Script error: No such module "Auto date formatter".). Marvel Comics/DC Comics/Amalgam Comics.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  76. ↑ Peter David (w), Rick Leonardi (p), Al Williamson (i). "Script error: No such module "String"." Spider-Man 2099, no. Script error: No such module "String". (Script error: No such module "Auto date formatter".). Marvel Comics.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  77. ↑ Secret Wars 2099 #1. Marvel Comics.
  78. ↑ Tom DeFalco & Pat Olliffe (w), Pat Olliffe (p), Al Williamson (i). "Script error: No such module "String"." Spider-Girl, no. Script error: No such module "String". (Script error: No such module "Auto date formatter".). Marvel Comics.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  79. ↑ Brian Michael Bendis (w), Doc Allred (p), Doc Allred (i). "Script error: No such module "String"." Ultimate Marvel Team-Up, no. Script error: No such module "String". (Script error: No such module "Auto date formatter".). Marvel Comics.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  80. ↑ Ultimate Comics Iron Man #1
  81. ↑ Ultimate Comics: Avengers #1
  82. ↑ Ultimate Invasion #2-4. Marvel Comics.
  83. ↑ Ultimate Universe #1. Marvel Comics.
  84. ↑ Ultimate Spider Man Vol.3 #5. Marvel Comics.
  85. ↑ The Ultimates Vol.4 #2. Marvel Comics.
  86. ↑ Jean-Marc Lofficier, Randy Lofficier & Roy Thomas (w), Ron Wilson (p), Sam DeLarosa (i). "Script error: No such module "String"." What If...? vol. 2, no. Script error: No such module "String". (Script error: No such module "Auto date formatter".). Marvel Comics.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".

Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".

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