St. Joseph River (Maumee River tributary)

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File:St Joseph River, Newville, Indiana, 2001.jpg
St. Joseph River near Newville in DeKalb County, Indiana.
File:St Joseph River Fort Wayne Indiana.jpg
Floodwall along St. Joseph River in Fort Wayne, Indiana.

The St. Joseph River (Miami-Illinois: Kociihsasiipi)[1] is an Script error: No such module "convert".[2] tributary of the Maumee River in northwestern Ohio and northeastern Indiana in the United States, with headwater tributaries rising in southern Michigan. It drains a primarily rural farming region in the watershed of Lake Erie.

The St. Joseph River of Lake Michigan is an entirely separate river that rises in western Michigan, dips into Indiana, and flows west into Lake Michigan.

Origin

At the end of the Wisconsin glaciation, the glacier's Erie Lobe retreated toward the northeast, leaving large debris deposits called moraines. The St. Joseph formed as a meltwater channel between the north limbs of two of these moraines, the Wabash Moraine on the west and the Fort Wayne Moraine on the east. At that time it joined the St. Marys River to drain into the Wabash River. Later, the shrinkage of Glacial Lake Maumee, the ancestor of modern Lake Erie, brought about the opening of the modern Maumee River, which captured the flow of the St. Joseph and the St. Marys, causing the St. Marys to reverse its course to meet the flow of the St. Joseph almost head-on.

The St. Joseph today

The St. Joseph River forms in northern Williams County, Ohio, at the confluence of the East and West branches at Script error: No such module "Coordinates"..[3][4][5] Both branches rise in southern Hillsdale County, Michigan. The headwaters of the East Branch are within Script error: No such module "convert". of those of the St. Joseph River of Lake Michigan. Both branches initially flow southeast, then turn to the southwest to flow across the northwestern corner of Ohio past Montpelier. The St. Joseph enters De Kalb County in northeastern Indiana, flowing southwest past Saint Joe and into the city of Fort Wayne, where it meets the St. Marys River to form the Maumee River at Script error: No such module "Coordinates"..[6] The US Army Corps of Engineers built a flood control project in Fort Wayne that includes a floodwall and upper roadway along the St. Joseph River. (See photo)

Tributaries

From the mouth:

  • (left) Becketts Run[7]
  • (right) Tiernan Ditch
  • (left) Ely Run[8]
  • (left) Cedar Creek[9]
  • Cedarville Reservoir[10]
    • (left) Nettlehorst Ditch[11]
    • (left) Warner Ditch
    • (right) Wittmer Ditch[12]
      • (right) Haifley Ditch[13]
  • (left) Swartz-Carnahan Ditch[14]
  • (right) Boger Ditch[16]
  • (left) Metcalf Ditch[17]
  • (right) Walker Ditch[18]
  • (left) Dilley Ditch[19]
  • (left) Wade Ditch[20]
  • (left) Bear Creek[21]
    • (right) North Branch Hursey Ditch[22]
      • (right) Carper Ditch[23]
    • (left) South Branch Hursey Ditch[24]
      • (right) Swander Ditch[25]
  • (right) Nancy Davis Ditch
  • (left) Sol Shank Ditch[26]
    • (right) Weicht Ditch[27]
    • (left) Sebert Ditch[28]
    • (right) Varner Ditch[29]
    • (left) Hoodelmier Ditch[30]
  • (right) Melissa Ditch[31]
  • (left) Buck Creek[32]
    • (left) Smith Ditch[33]
    • (right) Mason Ditch[34]
      • (left) Metcalf Ditch[35]
        • (right) Harwood Ditch[36]
  • (left) Christoffel Ditch[37]
  • (right) Willow Run[38]
  • (right) Amaden Ditch[39]
  • (right) Greens Ditch[40]
  • (right) Foulks Ditch[41]
  • (left) Peter Grube Ditch[42]
  • (left) Big Run[43]
    • (right) Ayford Ditch[44]
      • (left) Walters Ditch[45]
      • (right) Streeter Ditch[46]
    • (right) Praul Ditch[47]
      • (right) Mary Metcalf Ditch[48]
    • (left) Teutsch Ditch[49]
    • (left) Donnell Ditch[50]
      • (right) King Ditch[51]
    • (right) John Smith Ditch[52]
      • (left) Haverstolk Ditch[53]
  • (left) Russell Run[54]
  • (left) Fish Creek[55]
    • (right) Cornell Ditch[56]
    • (left) Hiram Sweet Ditch[57]
      • (right) Baker Ditch[58]
      • (left) Hamilton Lake[59]
        • Black Creek[60]
          • (left) Haughey Ditch[61]
          • (left) Lillian Metz Ditch[62]
            • (right) Burch Ditch[63]
      • Ball Lake[64]
      • (left) Myers Ditch[65]
      • Perfect Lake[66]
    • (left) West Branch Fish Creek[67]
      • (left) Donald Nunkle Ditch[68]
  • (left) Bluff Run[69]
  • (left) Bear Creek[70]
    • (left) Tamarack Ditch[71]
  • (left) Eagle Creek[72]
    • (right) North Branch Eagle Creek[73]
  • (left) Nettle Creek[74]
    • Nettle Lake[75]
      • (right) Mill Stream Drain[76]
  • (right) East Branch St. Joseph River (rises in southwest Adams Township, Hillsdale County, Michigan at Script error: No such module "Coordinates".[4])
    • (left) Clear Fork[77]
    • (left) Silver Creek[78]
      • Merry Lake
    • (left) Laird Creek[79]
      • (right) Nile Ditch[80]
      • (left) Ransom Ditch[81]
    • (left) Bird Creek[82]
    • (left) Newton Drain[84]
    • (left) Dillon Drain[85]
    • (left) Anderson Drain[86]
    • (left) Goose Creek[87]
    • (left) Lake Number One[88]
    • Pittsford Millpond[90]
  • (left) West Branch St. Joseph River (rises just south of the intersection of Carpenter Rd. and W. Territorial Rd. in southern Cambria Township, Hillsdale County, Michigan at Script error: No such module "Coordinates".[5])

Drainage basin

The St. Joseph River and tributaries drain all or portions of the following:

File:St. Joseph River in Bridgewater Township.jpg
Near the Ohio Turnpike in Bridgewater Township

See also

References

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  1. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  2. ↑ U.S. Geological Survey. National Hydrography Dataset high-resolution flowline data. The National Map, accessed May 19, 2011
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Further reading

External links

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