St. Johns County, Florida

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St. Johns County is a county in the northeastern part of the U.S. state of Florida. As of the 2020 United States census, its population was 273,425.[1] The county seat and most populous incorporated city is St. Augustine, although the nearby community, St. Johns, has a higher population.[2] St. Johns County is part of the Jacksonville, Florida Metropolitan Statistical Area.

The county was established in 1821. It is one of the two original counties established after Florida was ceded to the United States, at the start of the Florida Territorial period, and corresponded roughly to the former colonial province of East Florida. It was named for the St. Johns River, which runs along its western border.

St. Johns County primarily comprises residential bedroom communities for those who commute to Jacksonville. Tourism, primarily associated with St. Augustine and the many golf courses in the area, is the chief economic industry.

History

St. Johns County's history begins in 1821, when Colonel Robert Butler received Spanish East Florida from Captain-General Colonel José M. Coppinger. Butler represented Major General Andrew Jackson, federal military commissioner for the Florida provinces (las Floridas) with the powers of governor, exercising the powers of the Captain General and the Intendants of the Island of Cuba and the governors of the said provinces, respectively, who ordained that all the country east of the river Suwannee[3] should be designated the County of St. Johns.

St. Johns was established, along with Escambia County (in the former West Florida province), on July 21, 1821, 11 days after Butler received Florida for the United States, and five days after the city of St. Augustine was incorporated.

The name Saint John's was derived from the Spanish mission (c. 1580) San Juan del Puerto ("Saint John of the Harbor"). The U.S. Department of the Interior dropped the apostrophe in 1932 because an apostrophe implied ownership.

It was a huge county, encompassing most of peninsular Florida, more than 39,000 square miles; it was 475 miles long by 165 miles wide. Much of the land was uninhabited. Saint Augustine (1565) was the oldest permanent European settlement, and there were Native Americans in the county as well.[3]

Coat of arms

As described in Certification of the Coat of Arms:[4]

In a field of green an Agnus Dei of silver, suspended on the dexter [*left side of the drawing] side of the Agnus Dei is a silver banner with red cross (as a direct allusion and symbol of the name of the County). On a heraldic chief of red is a gold castle with towers, with masonry joints in black, and with the windows and doors in red (in recognition of the fortress that was constructed in the military garrison of St. Augustine which is a part of the County).

An overall border is composed of eight parts; alternating, a red quadrilateral, with a gold castle and quadrilateral of silver with a purple lion rampant (that is to say, alternating the simplified Arms of Castille and Leon).

Given for a crest is a mural crown of a province. This is a circle of gold walls with in reality twelve gold towers with all the masonry joints in black. Only seven of the towers are visible in the drawing.

Geography

According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the county has an area of Script error: No such module "convert"., of which Script error: No such module "convert". is land and Script error: No such module "convert". (26.9%) is water.[5]

Adjacent counties

National protected areas

Demographics

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Historical population
CensusPop.Template:Sronly%±
18302,583—
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18502,525Script error: No such module "String".%
18603,038Script error: No such module "String".%
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18804,535Script error: No such module "String".%
18908,712Script error: No such module "String".%
19009,165Script error: No such module "String".%
191013,208Script error: No such module "String".%
192013,061Script error: No such module "String".%
193018,676Script error: No such module "String".%
194020,012Script error: No such module "String".%
195024,998Script error: No such module "String".%
196030,034Script error: No such module "String".%
197030,727Script error: No such module "String".%
198051,303Script error: No such module "String".%
199083,829Script error: No such module "String".%
2000123,135Script error: No such module "String".%
2010190,039Script error: No such module "String".%
2020273,425Script error: No such module "String".%
2024 (est.)334,928Script error: No such module "String".%
U.S. Decennial Census[6]
1790-1960[7] 1900-1990[8]
1990-2000[9] 2010, 2024[1]

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Racial and ethnic composition

St. Johns County, Florida – Racial and ethnic composition
<templatestyles src="Nobold/styles.css"/>Note: the US Census treats Hispanic/Latino as an ethnic category. This table excludes Latinos from the racial categories and assigns them to a separate category. Hispanics/Latinos may be of any race.
Race / Ethnicity (NH = Non-Hispanic) Pop 1980[10] Pop 1990[11] Pop 2000[12] Pop 2010[13] Pop 2020[14] % 1980 % 1990 % 2000 % 2010 % 2020
White alone (NH) 42,520 73,992 109,622 162,194 214,428 82.88% 88.27% 89.03% 85.35% 78.42%
Black or African American alone (NH) 7,384 7,261 7,688 10,388 12,940 14.39% 8.66% 6.24% 5.47% 4.73%
Native American or Alaska Native alone (NH) 75 178 290 457 544 0.15% 0.21% 0.24% 0.24% 0.20%
Asian alone (NH) 165 484 1,162 3,854 9,764 0.32% 0.58% 0.94% 2.03% 3.57%
Native Hawaiian or Pacific Islander alone (NH) x [15] x [16] 57 140 151 x x 0.05% 0.07% 0.06%
Other race alone (NH) 39 12 90 290 1,225 0.08% 0.01% 0.07% 0.15% 0.45%
Mixed race or Multiracial (NH) x [17] x [18] 982 2,744 11,766 x x 0.80% 1.44% 4.30%
Hispanic or Latino (any race) 1,120 1,902 3,244 9,972 22,607 2.18% 2.27% 2.63% 5.25% 8.27%
Total 51,303 83,829 123,135 190,039 273,425 100.00% 100.00% 100.00% 100.00% 100.00%

2020 census

As of the 2020 census, the county had a population of 273,425, 104,640 households, and 67,548 families. The median age was 44.0 years; 23.0% of residents were under the age of 18 and 21.1% of residents were 65 years of age or older. For every 100 females there were 93.5 males, and for every 100 females age 18 and over there were 90.4 males age 18 and over.[19]

The racial makeup of the county was 80.6% White, 4.9% Black or African American, 0.3% American Indian and Alaska Native, 3.6% Asian, 0.1% Native Hawaiian and Pacific Islander, 1.7% from some other race, and 8.8% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino residents of any race comprised 8.3% of the population.[20]

85.2% of residents lived in urban areas, while 14.8% lived in rural areas.[21]

There were 104,640 households, of which 32.6% had children under the age of 18 living in them. Of all households, 59.5% were married-couple households, 12.8% were households with a male householder and no spouse or partner present, and 22.3% were households with a female householder and no spouse or partner present. About 21.8% of all households were made up of individuals and 11.1% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older.[19]

There were 119,090 housing units, of which 12.1% were vacant. Among occupied housing units, 80.3% were owner-occupied and 19.7% were renter-occupied. The homeowner vacancy rate was 2.6% and the rental vacancy rate was 14.0%.[19]

2000 census

As of the 2000 census, there were 123,135 people, 49,614 households, and 34,084 families residing in the county. The population density was Script error: No such module "convert".. There were 58,008 housing units at an average density of Script error: No such module "convert".. The racial makeup of the county was 90.92% White, 6.29% African American, 0.26% American Indian, 0.95% Asian, 0.05% Pacific Islander, 0.55% from other races, and 0.97% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 15.8% of the population.[22]

There were 49,614 households, of which 29.2% had children under age 18 living with them, 56.8% were married couples living together, 8.9% had a female householder with no husband present, and 31.3% were non-families. 24.3% of all households were made up of individuals, and 9.4% had someone living alone who was 65 or older. The average household size was 2.44 and the average family size was 2.90.

The age of the population was spread out, with 23.1% under 18, 7.0% from 18 to 24, 27.6% from 25 to 44, 26.4% from 45 to 64, and 15.9% who were 65 or older. The median age was 41. For every 100 females there were 94.5 males. For every 100 females 18 and older, there were 91.5 males.

The median household income was $50,099, and the median family income was $59,153. Males had a median income of $40,783 versus $27,240 for females. The per capita income was $28,674. About 5.1% of families and 8.0% of the population were below the poverty line, including 9.3% of those under 18 and 6.2% of those 65 or older.

Government

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St. Johns County Animal Control operates the St. Johns County Pet Adoption and Holding Center at 130 North Stratton Road.

Voter registration

According to the Secretary of State's office, Republicans are a majority of registered voters in St. Johns County.

St. Johns County Voter Registration & Party Enrollment as of July 31, 2025:[23]
Political Party Total Voters Percentage
Republican 128,424 56.00%
Democratic 47,033 20.51%
No party affiliation 46,919 20.46%
Minor parties 6,942 3.03%
Total 229,318 100.00%

Education

Primary and secondary education

Public schools are run by the St. Johns County School District,[24] headed by the St. Johns County School Board, an elected five-member board which appoints a superintendent to administer school operations. The system has grown considerably since 2000 to accommodate the county's rapid population growth. It is Florida's top-performing school district in Florida Comprehensive Assessment Test scores, the state's standardized test for public schools.[25] The district also received the 2011 Energy Star Top Performer and Leader from the EPA.[26]

For the 2014–15 school year the district comprised:

  • 18 elementary schools (K–5)
  • 3 K-8 school (K–8)
  • 7 middle schools (6–8)
  • 7 high schools (9–12)
  • 1 alternative center (K-12)
  • 6 charter schools (including a vocational-technical college)
  • 1 virtual school

The St. Johns County School District has a robust special education department serving the needs of students with autism, cerebral palsy, and cognitive disabilities. The Florida School for the Deaf and Blind is a residential school for deaf and blind students, funded and operated by the state of Florida.[27] The Catholic Diocese of St. Augustine operates St. Joseph Academy, a private high school in St. Augustine.

St. Johns County schools have received a state government grade of "A" for their work with the students and FCAT grading from 2004 to 2014.[28]

Higher education

St. Johns River State College, a state college in the Florida College System, has a campus in St. Johns County near St. Augustine. It is accredited by the Southern Association of Colleges and Schools to award associates degrees and two bachelor's degrees.

Flagler College is a private liberal arts institution in downtown St. Augustine. U.S. News & World Report has recognized it as a "Best Value College".[29]

University of St. Augustine for Health Sciences is a school for physical and occupational therapy education.[30]

Libraries

The St. Johns County Public Library System has six branches:

  • Anastasia Island Branch
  • Bartram Trail Branch
  • Hastings Branch
  • Main Library
  • Ponte Vedra Beach Branch
  • Southeast Branch

St. Augustine Historical Society

  • Research Library

Museums

Communities

Cities

Town

Census-designated places

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Other unincorporated communities

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Transportation

Airports

Highways

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  • Script error: No such module "Jct". is the main interstate highway in St. Johns County. It enters from Flagler County over the Pellicer Creek bridges and contains six interchanges within the county before entering Duval County. It also contains four rest areas, the southern pair between Exits 296 and 305 and a northern pair north of exit 329.
  • Script error: No such module "Jct". is the main local road through eastern St. Johns County, running north–south. It served as the main north–south highway in the state and the eastern half of the county until I-95 was built.
  • Script error: No such module "Jct". is a former section of US 1 and business route of US 1 in Saint Augustine.
  • Script error: No such module "Jct". is the scenic coastal alternate route to US 1, which also includes some county road spurs and extensions.
  • Script error: No such module "Jct".
  • Script error: No such module "Jct". is the other scenic coastal route, but along the Saint Johns River. A section south of the overlap with SR 16 is a county route extension.
  • Script error: No such module "Jct". runs mostly west-to-east from the Shands Bridge, then turns south along an overlap with SR 13. Leaving the overlap, it passes through Saint Johns and World Golf Village before eventually entering northern St. Augustine ending at U.S. Business Route 1.
  • Script error: No such module "Jct"., the future First Coast Expressway.
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  • File:Dixie Highway marker.svg Dixie Highway

Railroads

  • The Florida East Coast Railway provides rail freight services through the county, however the only industries served by the line are a concrete plant and a Con-Agra plant along the Wright Industrial Lead, formerly the Palatka Spur.

See also

Notes

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References

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  13. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
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  15. ↑ included in the Asian category in the 1980 Census
  16. ↑ included in the Asian category in the 1990 Census
  17. ↑ not an option in the 1980 Census
  18. ↑ not an option in the 1990 Census
  19. ↑ a b c Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  20. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
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  23. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  24. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1". - Text list
  25. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  26. ↑ 2011 Energy Star Top Performers Full List
  27. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  28. ↑ St. Johns School District Facts
  29. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  30. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".

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External links

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