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...e been a contributing factor to the increase in popularity of smoking pure opium. ...madak until 1683.<ref name=D32>Dikotter et al., p. 32.</ref> The lucrative opium business continued spreading along the coast of Southern China, although ex ...

{{Short description|Process of substituting opium with non-narcotic alternatives}} ...ent''' or '''opium substitution''' refers to the process of substituting [[opium]] poppy [[cash crops]] with non-narcotic alternatives. ...

...|ipecacuanha]] (which was formerly used to produce [[syrup of ipecac]]), [[opium]] in powder, and [[potassium sulfate]]. Initially designed to treat [[gout] ...emained reputable until about the 1930s.<ref name=":0" /> Its inclusion of opium, an addictive substance, led to its discontinuation of use.<ref name=":0" / ...

...an [[opium]] [[Substance dependence|addict]] himself, he ran a ministry to opium addicts in many locations over a considerable area. There is more written a ...ion, Pastor Xi fabricated his own medications made of [[morphia]] to treat opium addicts, and many sick people were brought to him for healing. Prayer was a ...

.../fish_aqu_mpo.html|title=Marine fish culture, pond fish culture and oyster culture |date=12 August 2019|access-date=16 December 2019|department=Fisheries Bran ...'', ''Gazelle'', ''Pantaloon'', and ''Mazeppa''. [[Basil Lubbock]]'s ''The Opium Clippers'', cited in the original entry, is quite clear (p.347) that the [[ ...

...ildren Education Movement]] (ACEM), an association that promotes literacy, culture and the arts, which was also founded by Makhmalbaf. The school trains actor *''[[Opium War (2008 film)|Opium War]]'' - (2008) director ...

...Japan initiated major policies to reduce the consumption of [[opium]] and opium derived products with much regarded success from contemporary sources both ...half of Taiwan's revenue sources, resulting in the widespread presence of opium throughout Taiwan.<ref name=":1" /> ...

...ase change if not. RE: It still is.--> one of the important producers of [[opium]] in the world. Cotton and soybeans are other important cash crops, and tex ...

...the grade of [[midshipman]] in the [[Royal Navy]]. He would stay after the Opium War for five years and learnt to speak fluent Chinese, which became useful ...to join up was made possible by the Chinese language he had learned in the Opium War. ...

...to publish. Banine dedicated her later life to introducing the history and culture of Azerbaijan to France and [[Europe]]. Her most famous writings are ''Days * ''I chose opium'' (''J'ai choisi l'opium''), Stock, 1959. ...

{{Short description|Establishment where opium is sold and smoked}} {{other uses|Opium Den (disambiguation)}} ...

...uces [[opium]] as a natural defense against predators. In the live flower, opium is released when the surface of the bulb, called the seed pod, is pierced o ...ttp://www.opiummuseum.com/index.pl?pics&67 |title=Photo Gallery |publisher=Opium Museum |date= |accessdate=2013-09-01 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/w ...

...n Claws'', crab cans are used to hide objects (in the comic they contain [[opium]], whereas in the game they contain [[hand grenades]]). ...

===In popular culture=== ...remained a staple with his outfits, and his fellow [[Opium (record label)|Opium]] signee [[Ken Carson]] has inserted the iconography into the cover for his ...

...UC&dq=tang+jiyao&pg=PA230 |title=Modern China: an encyclopedia of history, culture, and nationalism |author=Ke-wen Wang |year=1998|publisher=Taylor & Francis| ...g Jiyu avoided Shanghai during the trial against officials involved in the opium deal in 1916.<ref>{{cite book |url = https://books.google.com/books?id=RNkn ...

===Opium=== ...http://www.unodc.org/pdf/afg/afghanistan_opium_survey_2003.pdf Afghanistan Opium Survey 2003] October 2003.</ref> ...

..., ''[[Papaver somniferum]]'', is the source of the narcotic drug mixture [[opium]], which contains powerful medicinal [[alkaloid]]s such as [[morphine]] and ...ee |year=1952 |publisher=Bee Research Association Ltd., London}}</ref> The opium poppy, ''[[Papaver somniferum]]'', grows wild in [[Southeast Europe]] and [ ...

...fend against possible [[British Empire|British]] attacks. When the [[First Opium War]] broke out, the fortification, along with another fort in [[Tsim Sha T ==Arts and culture== ...

* [[Opium pipe]] [[Category:Drug culture]] ...

===Opium=== ...tp://www.nps.edu/programs/ccs/Farah/Farah.html Farah Province] Program for Culture and Conflict Studies</ref> ...